HOSPITAL WASTE MANAGEMENT

HOSPITAL WASTE MANAGEMENTRAJKUMAR EUNICEPARIMALA VARSHA RAJ MICHELLE

Medical Waste

Total waste generated by hospitals, healthcare establishmentsand research facilities in the diagnosis, treatment,immunization and associated research

RISKY WASTEChemical wasteLab reagents,Disinfectants, solventsPathological wasteBody parts,blood & other fluidsPressurized containersGas cylinders, Cartridges &aerosol cansInfectious wasteLab Cultures, waste from isolationwards, tissues, etcPharmaceutical Waste:Expired or no longer neededpharmaceuticalsWaste with highheavy metal contentBatteries, broken thermometers,Blood pressure gaugesGenotoxic wasteCytotoxic drugs,genotoxic chemicalSharpsNeedles, infusions sets,Scalpels, knives, blades

Health Care Waste Composition in Asian CountriesHealthcare waste composition in developing Asian countries(WHO,1999)

Medical Waste Generation in Asia0.33 million tons/year in India 0.25 million tons/year in Pakistan(100 ton/day from Karachi alone) 2,000 tons/day in china 60,000 tons/year in Vietnam 255 tons/day in Dhaka alone 47 tons/day in Metro Manila(11 tons/day illegally dumped)

Treatment Technologies: ComparisonIncinerationAutoclaveMicrowaveChemicalDisinfectionPlasmaPyrolysisInvestment/Operating costhighmoderatehighlowhighSuitabilityOf the wasteNot for radioactiveAll except pathologic wasteAll except cytotoxic, radioactiveLiquid wasteallEase ofOperationNoYesYesYesNoWasteVolumereductionSignificantLessSignificantSignificantOdourProblemsYes LghtSlighSlighNoneEnvironmentalfriendlyNoYes YesNoYes

HEALTH CARE WASTE MANAGEMENT IN THE PHILIPPINES

LAWS IN THE PHILIPPINES

THREE MAIN LAWSThe Metropolitan Manila Authority (MMA) Ordinance No. 16Hospital Licensure Law (Republic Act No. 4226)The toxic Substances and Hazardous and Nuclear Waste Control Act of 1990 (Republic Act No. 6969)

The Metropolitan Manila Authority (MMA) Ordinance No. 16

passed in 1991 by the Metropolitan Manila Council

GOAL: prevent hospital acquired infection, environmental protection, protection of hospital personnel and visitors, garbage collectors, scavengers and the community at large.

Classifies hospital waste and priscribes the use of color coded waste bags to identify the type of waste.

Black trash bag: non infectious dry wasteGeen trash bag: non infectious wet wasteYellow trash bag: dry and wet chemical and other potentially infectious waste, pathological waste, chemical waste, sharps contained in puncture proof containers covered with limeOrange trash bag with trefoil sign: for radioactive waste.

Hospital Licensure Law (Republic Act No. 4226)

Classifies hospitals into 1. Government or private hospitals 2. General or special hospital 3. Primary,secondary or tertiary hospitals according to the service capabilities offered 4. Training or nontraining hospitals

It specifies the needed physical facilities of a hospital for solid waste management such as the physical plant, hospital equipment and maintenance of these physical facilities.

The toxic Substances and Hazardous and Nuclear Waste Control Act of 1990This law covers the importation, manufacture, processing, handling, storage, transportation,sale, distribution, use and disposal of all unregulated chemical substances and mixtures in the Philippines.

ADDITIONALSThe DOH aso has several responsibilities for regulating hospitals in the Philippines. The have responsibitilies in the management of the hospital waste and disposal.They monitor it by:Environmental health servicesHospital operation and management ServicesHospital Maintenance ServicesHealth infrastructure servicesRadiation health sevicesBureau of lincensing and regulations

WHY IS INCINERATION BANNED?

Incineration turned out to be one the leading sources of highly toxic dioxin, furans, mercury, lead, and other dangerous air pollutants.

These emissions have serious adverse consequences on worker safety, public health, and the environment.

Dioxins, for example, have been linked to cancer, immune system disorders, diabetes, birth defects, and other health effects.

Medical waste incinerators are a leading source of dioxins and mercury in the environment.

LAWS CONCERING ITS BANThere are three laws that tackle the proper management of hospital wastes.

Republic Act No. 6969 (Toxic and Hazardous Substances and Nuclear Wastes Control Act of 1990)RA No. 8749 (Philippine Clean Air Act of 1999)RA No. 9003 (Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000).

DMSFThe hospital mainly collects the waste, segregates it and sends it over to a company that manages hospital wastes

Japan exporting harzadous waste to the PhilippinesThe Philippines' demand that the Japanese government take back shipments of hazardous wasteStill, the fact that the discovery on November 24 of the 124 vans of hazardous waste led to such high-level, formal representation is significant

Siazon said a government investigation showed the 40-foot vans contained hazardous waste, mostly ''clinical wastes'' from Japanese hospitals and medical centers.Now impounded, they are classified as Y-1 material under the Basel Convention, which bars the export of hazardous waste from industrialized to developing countries.

Philippines | Hospitals Show the Way to Health Care Waste ManagementNews posted by ale.livs on August 1, 2013

Among the best practices featured are:Materials recovery and recycling, banning of polystyrene foam packaging, composting, and encapsulation of autoclaved sharps waste of the Hospital Waste Management Team at Maria Reyna-Xavier University Hospital in Cagayan de Oro City

Safe practices to prevent radiation exposure in General Santos Doctors Hospital led by the Radiology Technology team

Use of safer alternatives for surface cleaning and cleaning of non-critical items by the housekeeping staff, autoclaving of waste, and maximizing natural lighting at St. Paul Hospital Tuguegarao City

Installation of the first Philippine hospital biodigester designed by a biomedical waste worker to convert food and garden waste into methane gas for the kitchen and laundry, solar panels for water heating, green walls for cooling, and vermicomposting at Perpetual Succor Hospital in Cebu City

Wastewater treatment and reuse of treated water for gardening led by the engineers of Philippine Heart Center and Our Lady of Peace Hospital in Paranaque City

Mercury-free dental services from the San Lazaro Hospital dentists.

The country is the first in Asia to have a national legislation mandating the phase-out of mercury in all health care facilities and institutions and the first in the world to have a national legislation banning medical waste incineration.

SALAMAT..!!!