Over all management Over all management of commercial layer for of commercial layer for Best Performance.Best Performance.

ByBy

Md. Shahadat HossainMd. Shahadat HossainMd. Shahadat HossainMd. Shahadat Hossain

Technical Service ManagerTechnical Service Manager

ISA B.V. (A Hendrix Genetics Co.) Bangladesh.ISA B.V. (A Hendrix Genetics Co.) Bangladesh.

Growing managementGrowing management Objective: Gain to maximum BW as possible from 1Objective: Gain to maximum BW as possible from 1 12 weeks.12 weeks.

How:How:

1. Good house preparation & cleaning1. Good house preparation & cleaning

2. Good quality feed2. Good quality feed

3. Successful brooding management3. Successful brooding management

4. Slow step down lighting program.4. Slow step down lighting program.

5. Use Pre starter feed from 15. Use Pre starter feed from 1 3 weeks 3 weeks

6. Proper beak trimming6. Proper beak trimming

7. Empty Feeder management 7. Empty Feeder management

8. Mid night feeding8. Mid night feeding

9. Bio9. Bio--securitysecurity

Factors influencing pulletsFactors influencing pulletsFactors influencing pulletsFactors influencing pulletsFactors influencing pulletsFactors influencing pulletsFactors influencing pulletsFactors influencing pullets

WaterWaterEnvironmentEnvironment

TemperatureTemperature

HumidityHumidity

SoundSoundSoundSoundSoundSoundSoundSound

QualityQualityQualityQualityQualityQualityQualityQuality

QuantityQuantityQuantityQuantityQuantityQuantityQuantityQuantity

GeneticsGenetics

PulletsPulletsPulletsPullets

FeedFeed

QualityQualityQualityQualityQualityQualityQualityQuality

AmountAmountAmountAmountAmountAmountAmountAmount

DiseasesDiseases

PathogensPathogensPathogensPathogensPathogensPathogensPathogensPathogens

Metabolic disordersMetabolic disordersMetabolic disordersMetabolic disordersMetabolic disordersMetabolic disordersMetabolic disordersMetabolic disorders

ManagementManagement

HousingHousing

Water and feed equipmentWater and feed equipment

Temp. and lightTemp. and light

Housing preparationHousing preparationHousing preparationHousing preparationHousing preparationHousing preparationHousing preparationHousing preparation

PurposePurpose

Clean house and equipmentClean house and equipmentClean house and equipmentClean house and equipmentClean house and equipmentClean house and equipmentClean house and equipmentClean house and equipment

Housing preparationHousing preparationHousing preparationHousing preparationHousing preparationHousing preparationHousing preparationHousing preparation

-- Remove old litter and manure Remove old litter and manure

( ( 100 m. from house)100 m. from house)

-- Empty space Empty space 2 m. from the wall2 m. from the wall

-- High pressure waterHigh pressure water

-- Repair houseRepair house

-- DisinfectionDisinfection

-- Down time 14 daysDown time 14 days

Bad managementBad managementBad managementBad managementBad managementBad managementBad managementBad management

Keep cleaned equipment Keep cleaned equipment

properlyproperly

An example of how to An example of how to

keep cleaned equipmentkeep cleaned equipment

Remove all featherRemove all feather Repair housing floorRepair housing floor

Dont use rusted brooder Dont use rusted brooder

wallwall

Get rid of insectsGet rid of insects

Good quality feedGood quality feedGood quality feedGood quality feed

MEDIUM SIZE NORMAL CORNMEDIUM SIZE NORMAL CORN

GOOD QUALITY MATURE CORNGOOD QUALITY MATURE CORN

NORMAL & FUNGAL INFECTED CORNNORMAL & FUNGAL INFECTED CORN

Brooding ManagementBrooding ManagementBrooding ManagementBrooding Management

ManagementManagementManagementManagementManagementManagementManagementManagement

Preparation of brooding equipmentPreparation of brooding equipmentPreparation of brooding equipmentPreparation of brooding equipmentPreparation of brooding equipmentPreparation of brooding equipmentPreparation of brooding equipmentPreparation of brooding equipment

-- For 500For 500--600 chicks600 chicks

-- 3 m. of diameter3 m. of diameter

-- Use 1 SBMUse 1 SBM-- Use 1 SBMUse 1 SBM

-- Brooding lightBrooding light

-- 1 plastic drinker per 501 plastic drinker per 50--60 60

chickschicks

-- 1 feeder (flatted tray) per 1 feeder (flatted tray) per

3030--50 chicks50 chicks

feederfeederfeederfeederfeederfeederfeederfeeder

WatererWaterer

3 3 meter per meter per 500500--600 600 chickschicks How to Place drinkers How to Place drinkers

and feedersand feeders

FeederFeeder

WatererWaterer

Nipple lineNipple line

1.1. 1 1 drinker per drinker per 5050--60 60 chickschicks

2.2. 1 1 feeder per feeder per 3030--50 50 chickschicks

Brooding with water lineBrooding with water line

1.1 m.1.1 m.

The thickness of litter is about The thickness of litter is about 33..

The heat source is The heat source is 11..1 1 m. high from litterm. high from litter

Before release chicksBefore release chicksBefore release chicksBefore release chicksBefore release chicksBefore release chicksBefore release chicksBefore release chicks

-- Litter temperature at Litter temperature at 3333--35 35 CC

-- All light bulbs workAll light bulbs work

-- Place all feeders and drinkersPlace all feeders and drinkers

-- Mix vitamins in waterMix vitamins in water

-- May mix sugar in waterMay mix sugar in water

1. Chick transportation1. Chick transportation1. Chick transportation1. Chick transportation1. Chick transportation1. Chick transportation1. Chick transportation1. Chick transportation

DehydrationDehydration DepressionDepression

Temperature at litter is Temperature at litter is about about 3333--35 35 C.C.

22222222. Releasing to the brooder. Releasing to the brooder. Releasing to the brooder. Releasing to the brooder. Releasing to the brooder. Releasing to the brooder. Releasing to the brooder. Releasing to the brooder

22222222. Releasing to the brooder. Releasing to the brooder. Releasing to the brooder. Releasing to the brooder. Releasing to the brooder. Releasing to the brooder. Releasing to the brooder. Releasing to the brooder

Gently release chicks (may Gently release chicks (may

release on water tray) release on water tray)

Stimulate drinking by Stimulate drinking by

pushing nipples or dipping pushing nipples or dipping

chick beak into waterchick beak into water

2. Releasing to the brooder2. Releasing to the brooder2. Releasing to the brooder2. Releasing to the brooder2. Releasing to the brooder2. Releasing to the brooder2. Releasing to the brooder2. Releasing to the brooder

3030--60 60 minutes after drinking, dry trays and minutes after drinking, dry trays and

then start to feed chicksthen start to feed chicks

Organ developmentOrgan developmentOrgan developmentOrgan developmentOrgan developmentOrgan developmentOrgan developmentOrgan development

Main organs Main organs ( First ( First 7 7 days)days)

Digestive organsDigestive organs

Circulation organsCirculation organs

Respiratory organsRespiratory organs Respiratory organsRespiratory organs

Skeleton organsSkeleton organs

Supporting organsSupporting organs

MusclesMuscles

Reproductive organsReproductive organs

Lighting ProgramLighting ProgramLighting ProgramLighting Program

1. Slow step down Lighting Programme Open-side House (12th week)

Ag eW eek D ay H o u rs lig h t

(hou rs )W K 1 1 - 7 22 :00W K 2 8 - 14 21 :00W K 3 15 - 21 20 :00W K 4 22 - 28 19 :00W K 5 29 - 35 18 :00W K 6 36 - 42 18 :00W K 7 43 - 49 17 :00W K 8 50 - 56 16 :00 W K 9 57 - 63 15 :00W K 10 64 - 70 14 :00W K 10 64 - 70 14 :00W K 11 71 - 77 13 :00W K 12 1 78 - 84 N L /12 :00W K 13 85 - 91 N L /12 :00W K 14 92 - 98 N L /12 :00

W eek 13 -18 2 85 - 126 N L /12 :00W eek 19 3 127 - 133 13 :00W eek 20 134 - 140 13 :30W eek 21 141 - 147 14 :00W eek 22 148 - 154 14 :30W eek 23 155 - 161 15 :00W eek 24 162 - 168 15 :30W eek 25 169 - 175 16 :00W eek 26 176 - 183 16 :00

N O T E : 1 . L o n g s tep d o w n o n 12 w eeks d o w n to n a tu ra l d ay-len g th (N L ) o r 12 h o u rs2 . T ran sfer/h o u s in g sh o u ld b e d o n e b y 112 d ays an d n o la te r th an 119 d ays3 . L ig h t s tim u la tio n a t 19 w eeks o r 20 w eeks

11. Slow step down Lighting Programme . Slow step down Lighting Programme Closed HouseClosed House

AgeW eek D ay H o u rs lig h t L ig h t in tens ity 5

(hou rs ) (Lux)W K 1 1 - 7 22 :00 20 - 40W K 2 8 - 14 20 :00 20 - 40W K 3 15 - 21 18 :00 20 - 40W K 4 22 - 28 17 :00 20 - 40W K 5 29 - 35 16 :00 20 - 40W K 6 36 - 42 15 :00 20 - 40W K 7 43 - 49 14 :00 20 - 40W K 8 50 - 56 13 :00 20 - 40 W K 9 57 - 63 12 :00 20 - 40W K 10 64 - 70 11 :00 20 - 40W K 10 64 - 70 11 :00 20 - 40W K 11 71 - 77 10 :00 20 - 40W K 12 1 78 - 84 9 o r 10 h 20 - 40W K 13 85 - 91 8 4 or 9 o r 10 h 20 - 40W K 14 92 - 98 8 o r 9 o r 10 h 20 - 40

W eek 13 -18 2 85 - 126 8 o r 9 o r 10 h 20 - 40 5

W eek 19 3 127 - 133 11 :00 5W eek 20 134 - 140 11 :00 5W eek 21 141 - 147 12 :00 5W eek 22 148 - 154 13 :00 5W eek 23 155 - 161 13 :30 5W eek 24 162 - 168 14 :00 5W eek 25 169 - 175 14 :30 5W eek 26 176 - 183 15 :00 5

N O T E : 1 . L o ng s tep d o w n o n 12 w eeks d ow n to 8 ,9 o r 10 h ou rs2 . T ran sfer/h o us in g sh ou ld b e d o n e b y 112 days and no la ter th an 119 days3 . L ig h t s tim u la tion a t 19 w eeks o r 20 w eeks4 . 8 ho u rs a llo w a b etter bo d y w e igh t co n tro l w h ere it can b e u sed5 . L ig h t in ten so ty m u st b e red u ced n o la ter th an 7 to 10 days a fte r ho u s in g , u s in g R ed ligh t is reco m m en d if p o ss ib le .

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Adjust Step down lighting according to BW gain

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27

WEEKS

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Feed FormulationFeed FormulationFeed FormulationFeed Formulation

Growing Period commercial layers

Nutrients * Pre-starter ** Starter Grower 1 Grower 2/ Prelay or LayerUse in hard conditions DEVELOPPER ****************

1- 3 weeks 4 - 12 weeks 13 - 15 weeks May not use 16 - 17 weeksIW Silver 0 - 2 weeks 0 - 8 weeks 9-12 weeks 13 to 15weeks 16 - 17 weeksCrude Protein (%) 21 19 - 20 17.5 - 18 16 - 15***** 17ME (kcal/kg) 2950 - 3050 2850 - 2950 2800 - 2850 2750 2800Linoleic Acid (%) 1.4 1.2 1.0 1.0 1.0Amino AcidsMethionine (min) 0.48 0.48 0.4 0.38 0.38Methionine + Cystine 0.81 0.78 0.68 0.63 0.70

2. Growing Period Feed specification Pre-starter Feed

Methionine + Cystine 0.81 0.78 0.68 0.63 0.70Lysine (min) 1.15 1.05 0.86 0.81 0.85Tryptophan (min) 0.22 0.21 0.18 0.16 0.18Threonin 0.71 0.70 0.65 0.60 0.60Arginine 1.05 1.05 0.95 0.89 0.90Minerals Calcium 1.05 - 1.10 1.05 - 1.10 1.05 - 1.10 1.05 - 1.10 2.50Available Phosphorus 0.50 - 0.55 0.50 - 0.55 0.48 - 0.50 0.45 - 0.50 0.48 - 0.50Sodium (min - max) 0.16 - 0.19 0.16 - 0.19 0.16 - 0.19 0.16 - 0.19 0.16 - 0.19Chloride (max) 0.15-0.22 0.15-0.22 0.15-0.22 0.15-0.22 0.15-0.22*** Minimum Addedfat in % of diet 2% minimum 2% minimum 1.5% minimum 0.5% minimum***** DO NOT USE LESS THAN 15% CP AND MORE THAN 2800 Kcal TO AVOID GETTING BIRDS FAT****PRELAY DIET CAN BE REPLACED BY A LAYER 1 DIET WITH NO PROBLEMS*** RESPECT THE MINIMUM LEVEL OF ADDED FAT ..IF POSSIBLE PREFER VEGETABLE FAT** STARTER FEED CAN BE USED FROM DAY OLD TO 12 WEEKS OF AGE TO MAXIMIZE BODYWEIGHT * PRESTARTER IS STRONGLY RECOMMENDED IN HARD CONDITIONS

Laying Period commercial layersNutrients Layer 1 Layer 2 Layer 3 Layer 4

105 TO 95 grams 110 - 100 gms 115 - 105 gms115 - 105 gms16/18 - 36/40 weeks 37/41 - 50 weeks 51 - 70 weeks 71 - 80 weeks

Crude Protein (%) 18 - 18.5 17 .5 - 18 16 - 16.5 15 - 16ME (kcal/kg) 2850 - 2900 2800 - 2850 2750 - 2850 2750 - 2800Linoleic Acid (%) 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1Amino Acids Methionine 0.44 0.41 0.38 0.35Methionine + Cystine 0.75 0.72 0.68 0.64Lysine 0.88 0.80 0.78 0.72Tryptophan 0.21 0.19 0.17 0.15Threonine 0.69 0.65 0.61 0.57Arginine 0.94 0.88 0.83 0.77Arginine 0.94 0.88 0.83 0.77MineralsCalcium 18 - 31 weeks:3.9 - 4.0* 4.2* 4.3* 4.4*

32 - 40 weeks: 4.1*Available Phosphorus 0.44 - 0.48** 0.40 - 0.42** 0.38 - 0.40** 0.33 - 0.35**Sodium (min - max) 0.16 - 0.19 0.16 - 0.19 0.16 - 0.19 0.16 - 0.19Chloride (min - max) 0.16 - 0.25 0.16 - 0.25 0.16 - 0.25 0.16 - 0.25** Minimum Addedfat in % of diet 1% minimum 0.5% minimum

*After 42 weeks of age calcium carbonate (limestone or oyster shell) should be provided as follows: 65 to 60 % fine particles with a size of 0,25 mm or less (the size of table salt or less) 35 to 40 % large particles in the range of 3 to 5 millimeters.**When meat & bone meal or other animal by-products are used and lower mineral supplementation as a source of phosphorus, use the higher phosphorus value indicated for formulations.

DebeakingDebeakingDebeakingDebeaking

3. Beak Trimming3. Beak Trimming

Once precise at 7 Once precise at 7 10 days old10 days old

Second at 8 Second at 8 10 10 weeks, not later weeks, not later than 10 weeks.than 10 weeks.

Debeaking at 8-10 days

Precision beak trimming Precision beak trimming machinesmachines

Adjustment of cutAdjustment of cut

CORRECT WRONG

Blade Temperature/ColourBlade Temperature/Colour

CORRECT TOOHOTCORRECT TOOHOT

Temperature 600-650C

Very Sharp beak (Risk of vent Pecking)Very Sharp beak (Risk of vent Pecking)

Uneven beak (cut) lengthUneven beak (cut) length

Debeaking with high temperatureDebeaking with high temperature

Grading & Separate rearingGrading & Separate rearingGrading of birds should be done from Grading of birds should be done from 22--4 weeks to improve body weight & 4 weeks to improve body weight & uniformity.uniformity.

FLOCK UNIFORMITY

10

15

20

25

BIRDS

5%5% 90%

0

5

1200 1250 1300 1350 1400 1450 1500 1550 1600

BW ( g )BW ( g )BW ( g )BW ( g )

5%5%

BW AVERAGE 1,400 g. (+, - 140 g. 1,260-1,540 g.)

90%

BODY WEIGHT

PULLET QUALITY

UNIFORMITY

MATURITY

HEALTH STATUS

UNIFORMITY

2 3 h 00

Time of empty feeders

Empty Feeder ManagementEmpty Feeder Management Feed distribution Feed distribution 2 2 or or 3 3 h h 00 00 before light out :before light out :

10 12 h 00 of light at plateau

To take profit of natural behaviour of the bird :To take profit of natural behaviour of the bird :

Ability of the bird to eat reserves before light offAbility of the bird to eat reserves before light off

Hungry when light on (digestive tract is empty)Hungry when light on (digestive tract is empty)

FEEDING BEHAVIOURFEEDING BEHAVIOUR To take profit of natural behaviour of the bird :To take profit of natural behaviour of the bird :

Ability of the bird to eat reserves before light offAbility of the bird to eat reserves before light off

Hungry when light on (digestive tract is empty)Hungry when light on (digestive tract is empty)

Obtain empty feeders (2Obtain empty feeders (2--3 hours) in the middle of the day 3 hours) in the middle of the day from 4/5 weeks oldfrom 4/5 weeks old

Feed Presentation Feed Presentation -- Uniform Grit SizeUniform Grit Size

Too much fine particles leads to under consumption & Too much fine particles leads to under consumption & vent pastingvent pasting

Too much large particles leads to selectionToo much large particles leads to selection

Rapid & adapted feed intake during rearing period influence increase of feed consumption

at onset of lay

Bodyweight targets in Bodyweight targets in growing and productiongrowing and production

HOW TO MAXIMISE HOW TO MAXIMISE LIVABILITYLIVABILITY

HOW TO MINIMIZE HOW TO MINIMIZE MORTALITYMORTALITYMORTALITYMORTALITY

VI. HOW TO MAXIMISE LIVABILITY

- Delay sexual maturity . Use long step down light programme

- Age at housing must be at least 2 weeks before first eggs(16 weeks) to avoid mortality due to egg yolk peritonitis. If not able to so, delay start of lay using SODESMEA programme.

- Reduce light intensity 10/14 days after housing or use red light - Reduce light intensity 10/14 days after housing or use red light

- Maximise body weight in growing

- Good Beak trimming : - if made once it shall be conducted at 7 -10 days - if done twice it shall be done twice at 7/10 days (light) and at 8 - 10 weeks (severe) . Beak trim shall not be

conducted after 10 weeks of age.

Internal infection egg yolk Peritonitis due to late housing (>16 weeks)

EGG YOLK PERITONITIS FOLLOWING LATE HOUSING

EFFECTS OF DELAYED TRANSFEREFFECTS OF DELAYED TRANSFERPOST MORTEM ANALYSIS POST MORTEM ANALYSIS -- 26 to 40 weeks26 to 40 weeks

0.064

0.085

0.0530.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

0.09

W EEKLY BY CAUSE

.07% .12% .18% TOTAL MORTALITY

Cornell Poultry ConferenceCornell Poultry Conference 6565

16 WEEKS18 WEEKS

20 WEEKS

NEPHRITISRUPTURED FOLLICLE

Ca DEPLETION

0.04

0.027

0.0420.053

0.006 0.013

0.036

0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

AGE AT TRANSFER

TYPE OFLOSS

SODESMEA TREATMENT PROTOCOL TO DELAY SEXUAL MATURITYSoft Delay of Sexual MaturityTO DELAY SEXUAL MATURITY BY USE OF FEED RESTRICTION

In cases where daily production of a flock is less than 2% daily .(not more than 5% daily) , thefollowing program can be used to delay sexual maturity. Seven (7) to ten (10) days:

3 day program = 5 - 7 days delayed4 day program = 7 - 10 days delayed5 day program = 10 - 14 days delayed

EXEMPLE OF A 4 DAY PROGRAM FOR SODESMEA

DAY FEED AMOUNT

1 1/2 FEED 2 NONE3 NONE4 1/2 FEED5 FULL FEED

- On days with half feeding, all birds must be allowed to have access to the feed tomaintain good uniformity. Thus, it is advised to give all the feed at one time (ifpossible, at night, with the lights off).

- The 5 day program for SODESMEA includes 3 days with NO FEED. The rest ofthe program is the same.

- The 3 day program for SODESMEA includes only one day with NO FEED. Therest of the program is the same.

LIGHT INTENSITY AND RED LIGHT IMPORTANCE ON LIVABILITY

Understanding the light intensity management and the Use of red light help to optimize livability, feed conversion, and strengthen shell quality.

Light intensity must be high in growing (15 20 lux) and quite low in production (5 lux). Light intensity must be reduced no later than 10/14 days after birds have been housed. later than 10/14 days after birds have been housed.

A very low light intensity in the laying house ( 5 lux ) as well as the installation of red light at housing or shortly after (less than 10/14 days ) help reduce mortality by as much as 50%.....and is strongly advised for the SHAVER WHITE.

EA

YEAR 1996 1997

BOTTOM TIER(B) 1.1 0.9MIDDLE TIER(M) 1.6 2.3

HIGH LIGHT INTENSITY INCREASE MORTALITY IN THE TOP CAGES

TOP TIER (T) 6.1 6.2DIFFERENCEBETWEEN

5% 5.3

Table 1: Effect of light intensity on livability. Percentage (%) mortality pertier during one production cycle (8250 birds per tier 3 tier vertical cagesystem)

EA

MANAGING LIGHT INTENSITY

MANAGIN G

LIGHHT

INTENSITY

Reduce Light intensity in Open HouseReduce Light intensity in Open House

BW and Feeding in LayingBW and Feeding in LayingStimulation in feed intake may be Stimulation in feed intake may be requiredrequired

Midnight Feeding is a way to solve Midnight Feeding is a way to solve Midnight Feeding is a way to solve Midnight Feeding is a way to solve low intake at start of laylow intake at start of lay

PrePre--Lay feed is critical from 16 Lay feed is critical from 16 18 18 weeks (2.0 weeks (2.0 2.5% calcium)2.5% calcium)

HOW TO MAXIMISE SHELL QUALITYHOW TO MAXIMISE SHELL QUALITY

Calcium and Available Phosphorus feedingGROWING PERIOD

-with proper calcium ( 1 % minimum) and available phosphorus (0.45-0.5 %) feeding in growing

PRELAY PERIOD- through feeding a prelay feed with at least 2-2.5%

calcium ( prelay or layer feed ).

- The prelay feed rich in calcium must be given at least 2 weeks ( 14 days) before first eggs toleast 2 weeks ( 14 days) before first eggs tomaximize the calcium reserves in the bonesand optimize shell quality (16 18 weeks)

LAYING PERIOD

- use 4 to 4.5% calcium level in layer feed- Use higher available phosphorus levels until 40/45 weeks old

and then reduce available phosphorus in layer 2 feed - Use Midnight feeding program after the maximum hours of light

is achieved

Time of change to 3.5% Ca Tibiotarsus Ash (%) Tibiotarsus Ca (mg/g)

20 wk 18 wk 17 wk 16 wk

53.5 55.7

59.3 58.9

182 187 202 199

PRELAY DIET OR LAYER DIET BEFORE ONSET OF LAY IMPROVE CALCIUM RESERVE

16 wk 15 wk 14 wk

58.9 58.4 57.9

199 197 196

TABLE 1: Diet Calcium and Bone Characteristics of Young Layers in Response To Prelay Diet Calcium

Adapted from Keshavarz(1989)

FIGURE 2: Medullary Bone in Lay (Full Cavity) Hen Compared To Non Layer Hen (Empty Cavity) (Sim Ris 1967)

MIDNIGHT FEEDING

1.

INSTALL NO LATER THAN ONE WEEK AFTER TRANSFER

2. MIDNIGHT FEEDING PERIOD OF 2 HOURS. THIS WILL ALLOW ALL BIRDS THEOPPORTUNITY TO EAT, NOT JUST DOMINANT BIRDS.

3. NEED A MINIMUM OF 3 HOURS OF DARKNESS ON BOTH SIDES OF M.N.F.

4D 2L3D

3D 2L3D

4. FEEDERS SHOULD RUN DURING THE BEGINNING PORTION OF THE M.N.F. IN ORDER TOSTIMULATE BIRDS TO EAT.

AFTER 1 WEEK OF USING M.N.F., THE CONSUMPTION RATE WILL STABILIZE. M.N.F. WILLNOT LEAD TO INCREASES IN AVERAGE CONSUMPTION RATES GIVEN NORMALCONDITIONS, I.E., TEMPERATURE. HOWEVER IT IS VERY USEFUL TO INCREASECONSUMPTION DURING EXTREME HEAT.

15L 16L

EA

MAJOR CAUSE FOR EARLY MAJOR CAUSE FOR EARLY MORTALITY AND LOW PEAKMORTALITY AND LOW PEAK

LATE HOUSING LATE HOUSING

EARLY SEXUAL MATURITYEARLY SEXUAL MATURITY

Generate broken yolk in Generate broken yolk in Generate broken yolk in Generate broken yolk in abdomen which in turn generate abdomen which in turn generate infection called egg yolk infection called egg yolk peritonitisperitonitis

Too low Bodyweight in growingToo low Bodyweight in growing

MAJOR CAUSE FOR LOW MAJOR CAUSE FOR LOW PERSISTENCYPERSISTENCY

LATE HOUSING AND EARLY LATE HOUSING AND EARLY SEXUAL MATURITYSEXUAL MATURITY

TOO MANY MANIPULATION IN TOO MANY MANIPULATION IN START OF LAY BEFORE PEAK i.e. START OF LAY BEFORE PEAK i.e. VACCIANTONVACCIANTON

CONCLUSIONCONCLUSIONThe successful The successful SHAVERSHAVER--579 579 ManagementManagementManagementManagement

MAJOR POINTS TO REMEMBERMAJOR POINTS TO REMEMBER

TO OPTIMIZE LivabilityTO OPTIMIZE LivabilityTO MAXIMISE Egg NumberTO MAXIMISE Egg Number

TO MINIMISE MortalityTO MINIMISE MortalityOF SHAVER commercialOF SHAVER commercial

Production totally depends on growing period Production totally depends on growing period body weight. Highly positive correlation body weight. Highly positive correlation between standard body weight & standard between standard body weight & standard production.production.

Delay sexual maturity with slow stepDelay sexual maturity with slow step--down down light programlight program

Delay sexual maturity with slow stepDelay sexual maturity with slow step--down down light programlight program

House birds earlyHouse birds early2 weeks before first eggs 2 weeks before first eggs or use SODESMEA to delay early layor use SODESMEA to delay early lay

Reduce light intensity in house or use red light Reduce light intensity in house or use red light no later than 7 to 10 days maximum after no later than 7 to 10 days maximum after housinghousing

Reduce in house activity to minimum 3 to 4 Reduce in house activity to minimum 3 to 4 weeks after housingweeks after housing

Where possible use midnight feeding from 25Where possible use midnight feeding from 25--26 weeks26 weeks

BioBio--securitysecurity

Rat consume food Rat consume food 1010%, and %, and 5454% % water of bodyweight each daywater of bodyweight each day

Worm, lice & mite control

BREEDBREED

BIO-SECURITYVACCINATIONBIO-SECURITYVACCINATION

HOUSE & EQUIPMENT

HOUSE & EQUIPMENT

EGG PRODUCTION

BREED

FEED

HOUSE & EQUIPMENT

MANAGEMENT

HOUSE PERPARING

PULLET RECEIVING

FEEDFEED MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT

EGGPRODUCTION BEFORE LAYING

FEEDING

LIGHTING

VENTILATION

BIO-SECURITY, VACC

PROBLEM

RECORD DATA

Thanks to listening

Any question?