Migration from remote control to autonomous...Remote control The remote control contains the sense that far away is working part The remote unit has the physical distance is covered

Shibaura Institute of Technology

Advanced Driver Assistance System Lab

Migration from remote control to autonomous

Shibaura Insititute of TechnologyCollege of Systems Engineering and ScienceMachinery and Control SystemsAdvanced Driver Assistance System LabProf.Toshio ItoBQ12104 Aki Yokoyama


AIロボティクス

How the machine can get of the intelligence ?

There is no common definition for AI, various definitions have been raised

→「 Study of the concept that can intelligence of the computer」

→ 「 Making a robot that their can be proud 」

The AI robotics

I think the traditional problems in the artificial intelligence of the robot



Whether the robot can be used for what?

Apply scene

・A scene where there is a serious danger to human

（Nucleus, Space, Army）

・Inefficient monotonic work is to use the human workers (Service industry,Agriculture)

・Humanitarian a scene where there is a great danger(Mine search,Regional investigation, Rescue)

Robotics is said that it is suitable for 3D(dirty, dull, dangerous)



Social impact of the robot

○It can serve to reduce the risk and effort spanning the human

× On the other hand, it would reduce the man's work scene

→ Those who harbor antipathy to the robot there were many

Since then, building cleaning robot, such as wool mowing robot made

The What about the one end of the animal slaughter and complex surgical robot is responsible is?



Robot Brief History of

1942, the United States as a top secret project

Start a nuclear weapons development

→ Many of the problems raised

Problem 1 → Person is exposed to strong radioactive

Problem 2→ Incomplete isolation from radioactive substance

Problem 3→ Accuracy is low, awkward movement



Robot Brief History of

After World War II

America and the Soviet Union is focusing on the development of nuclear weapons and nuclear energy

For a large amount of nuclear development in this race, it became necessary to develop a more manageable system

Advances in control theory advances, mechanically moving like a robot appeared.



Industrial manipulatorAutomation of work in the nuclear industry also in general industry it was applied in 1956

These common matters

・robot arm (industrial manipulator)

・mobile cart (automated guided vehicles)

Industrial manipulator towards multi-functional program

→ the same work quickly, accurately it became good command

It has five joint, to achieve a 5-degree-of-freedom



Industrial manipulator

・Control theory is important

・In the quick action of the large device, there is an interesting problem

・ deceleration control

→ overshoot without stop (Prevention of collision and vibration)

・joint shape

→ There is a wrist-elbow, shoulder,

There is redundancy in the degree of freedom



Approach of space robotics and AI

While developments in nuclear-related, the development of the universe went started

(in 1970, to achieve a lunar landing)

Work in space had

In addition, the size of the space suit

Simple work even I was difficult a danger to human

→ Space self-propelled rover is born

It has a high degree of freedom

It has been the ideal thing



Remote control

The remote control contains the sense that far away is working part

The remote unit has the physical distance is covered around, it is not possible to look directly for reasons such as

→ to remote parts required sensor effector power and mobility

Teleoperation was popular



Remote control

Drawback 1Recurring Such scenes are a number of tasks

There is a tendency to be a distraction(ex : That to steer a long time radio control with the joystick) Drawback 2Large time lag

Even if exposed to danger, it is impossible to notice it



Semi-automatic control

Continuous assistance

→Share control function operation unit and a remote unit

→ operation unit : entrusted the task to the robot and direct regulation

Benefits:Prevention of operator of cognitive fatigue

・Exchange control

To initialize the human action for robot automation

Benefit:The possible control multiple robots with one operator



Seven areas of AI

AI was divided into seven areas

1.Knowledge representation

2. natural language understanding

3. Learning

4. planning and problem-solving

5. Guess

6. Search

7. visual



Example of seven areas of AI

1. Knowledge Representation

To express the world task robot itself

→It is a problem how to express

2. natural language understanding

There is a problem that perception of the word to be used in such everyday conversatio

3. Learning

The robot is to program itself only or repeated tasks or look at the human



Finally

・Robotics have played a major role in the progress of AI

・Internet search engine(World Wide Web)

・Animation

They are the product of advances in robotics



Documents

Migration from remote control to autonomous...Remote control The remote control contains the sense that far away is working part The remote unit has the physical distance is covered