MODUL ELETROCHEMISTRY.docx

8/9/2019 MODUL ELETROCHEMISTRY.docx

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MODUL ELECTROCHEMISTRY

MASTERING IN

ELECTROCHEMISTR

Y

SPM 2014

PREPARED BYCHEMISTRY PANEL


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ELECTROLYTES AND NON ELECTROLYTEELEKTROLIT DAN BUKAN ELEKTROLIT

State the meaning of electrolyte/ Nyatakan maksud elektrolit

the chemical substances that can conduct electricity either in molten and aueous solution

bahan !imia yan" da#at men"alir!an ele!tri! sama ada dalam !eadaan leburan atau

a!ueus

Eam!le of electrolytes

dilute Acids and alkalismolten lead"##$ %romide/le%uran &lum%um "##$ 'romidaSodium Chloride solution/ larutan Natrium kloridaionic com!ound in molten or a(ueus solution

State the meaning of non electrolyte/ Nyatakan maksud %ukan elektrolit

the chemical substances that cannot conduct electricity either in molten and aueous

solution

bahan !imia yan" tida! da#at men"alir!an ele!tri! sama ada dalam !eadaan leburan atau

a!ueus

Eam!le of non electrolytes

na!hthalene%en)enealcoholtetrachloromethaneco*alent com!ound in molten or a(ueus solution/ ionic com!ound in solid+etal/logam

State the meaning of electrolysis/ Nyatakan maksud elektrolisis

the proce !here"# $ co%po&'( ) (eco%poe( )'to )t co't)t&e'te*e%e't !he' e*ectr)c c&rre't p$e thro&+h $' e*ectro*#teE*e,tro*)) )$*$h proe pe'+&r$)$' e*e,tro*)t ,ep$($ &'&r-&.&,/-&.&,'#$$p$")*$ $r& e*e,tr), %e'+$*)r %e*$*&)'#$

,hy ionic com!ound can conduct electricity in molten and a(ueous solution

"ec$&e the )o' $re ree to %oe to c$rr# o&t the e*ectr)c c&rre't,er$'$ )o' ($p$t "er+er$, "e"$ &'t&, %e"$!$ $r& e*etr),

,hy in solid state ionic com!ound cannot conduct electricity

"ec$&e the# $re he*( )' 3e( po)t)o' thereore the )o' $re 'ot ree to%oe()e"$",$' )o' "er$($ ($*$% ,e(&(&,$' #$'+ tet$p O*eh )t& )$ t)($,

"e"$ "er+er$,

,hy co*alent com!ound cannot conduct electricity either in molten and a(ueous

solution "ec$&e the# (o 'ot co't$)' )o' !h)ch c$''ot c$rr# e*ectr)c c&rre't5co't$)' 'e&tr$* ch$r+e $'( (oe

'ot h$e ree*# %o)'+ )o' ()e"$",$' )$ t)($, %e%p&'#$) )o' &'t&, %e%"$!$ $r& e*etr),5%e%p&'#$) c$ 'e&tr$* ($' t)($, %e%p&'#$) )o' &'t&, "er+er$, "e"$


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ACTI6ITY 1

ELECTROLYTES/ELE-TROL#T NON ELECTROLYTE/ '.-AN ELE-TROL#T

ELECTROLYSIS O7 MOLTEN COMPOUNDELEKTROLISIS BAGI SEBATIAN LEBUR


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7ORMULAIONCation ormula

Sodium ionIon Natrium

Na0

&otassium ionIon Kalium

-0

Lithium ionIon Litium

Li0

Ammonium ion

Ion Aluminium

N120

+agnesium ionIon Magnesium

+g30

Calcium ionIon Kalsium

Ca30

Lead"##$ ionIon Plumbum(II)

&%30

4inc ionIon Zin

4n30

Co!!er"##$ ionIon Ku!rum

Cu30

#ron"##$ ion

Ion "erum (II)

e30

'arium ionIon Barium

'a30

#ron "###$ ionIon "erum (III)

e20

Aluminum ionIon Aluminium

Al20

Anion ormulaChloride ionIon lori#a

Cl5

'romide ionIon Bromi#a

'r5

#odide ion

Ion Io#i#a

l5

1ydroide ionIon $i#rosi#a

O15

Nitrate ionIon Nitrat

NO25

Oide ionIon osi#a

O35

Sul!hate ionIon %ul&at

SO635

Car%onate ionIon Karbonat

CO235


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State the energy change in electrolysis cell

E*ectr)c$* ch$'+e to che%)c$* ch$r+e

&ositi*e terminal Anode"sim%ol !ada sel %ateri!an7ang$

Anion "ion +o*ing$Negati*e charge/ casnegatif

Negati*e Terminal Cathode"sim%ol !ada sel %ateri!endek$

-ation "#on mo*ing$&ositi*e charge/cas!ositif

1AL E8.AT#ON AT ANODE " 'r59 Cl59 O15$

1AL E8.AT#ON AT CAT1ODE " &%309 Na09 C.30$

ACTI6ITY 2

:i*en %elo; is a list of ionic com!ounds in molten state< #dentify the cation and anionin each electrolyteDiberi #i ba'a$ a#ala$ sebatian ioni #alam leburan Kenal !asti ation #an anion

bagi setia! eletrolit


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ACT#=#TY 2


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ACTI6ITY 4


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ACT#=#TY >

1 +olten co!!er "##$ chloride is electrolysed using electrodes

i< State all the cation !resent in molten co!!er "##$ chloride N*ataan semua ation *ang $a#ir #alam leburan u!rum (II) lori#a


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5555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555 ?@ mark

ii< ,rite the formulae of ions ;hich mo*e to the electrode B Tulisan &ormula ion *ang bergera e eletro# +

55555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555555


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,hy the colour of co!!er"##$ sul!hate is remain unchanged / -ena!akah ;arna

ku!rum "##$ sulfat tidak %eru%ah %ecause the concentration of the %lue Cu30 ion remain unchanged since anodedissol*ed to form

Cu30 ion/ #isebaban e!eatan 'arna biru ion Cu30 tidak %eru%ah dise%a%kananod melarut untuk

mem%entuk ion Cu30

,hy the ion Cu03selecti*ely discharge at cathode/ Kena!aa$ ion Cu30dinyahcaskandi katod

since Cu03 ion has lo;er !osition com!ared to 10 ion in electrochemical series /dise%a%kan ion Cu30 %erada !ada kedudukanyang rendah %er%anding ion 10 dalam siri elektrokimia

,hy the ion Cl5selecti*ely discharged at anode/ Kena!aa$ion /l0#in*a$asan #i

ano# since ion Cl5 has higher concentration com!ared to O15 ion in electrochemicalseries/ #isebaban ion /l0

mem!un*ai e!eatan *ang tinggi berban#ing #engan ion O1 0

1o; to conrm the gas is oygenF / 'agaimanakah untuk memastikan gas terse%ut

adalah oksigen &ut the glo;ing ;ooden s!linter inside the mouth of test tu%e< Relight glo;ing;ooden s!linter


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State the o%ser*ation of co!!er !late at cathode/N*ataan !emer$atian #i e!ingan

u!rum !a#a ato# %ro;n solid layer de!osited at cathode/ cathode %ecome thicker

State the o%ser*ation of co!!er !late at anode/ Nyatakan !emerhatian di ke!ingan

ku!rum !ada anod

anode dissol*ed in electrolyte/ anode %ecome thinner/ Anod melarut dalamelektrolit/anode men7adi

ni!is

State the o%ser*ation of sil*er/lead !late at cathode/ Nyatakan !emerhatian !ada

ke!ingan argentums/ !lum%umgrey solid layer de!osited at cathode/ cathode %ecome thicker / La!isan !e!e7al

kele%u terena! !adakatod

State the o%ser*ation of sil*er/ lead !late at anode/ Nyatakan !emerhatian !ada

ke!ingan Argentum/ !lum%um di anod anode dissol*ed in electrolyte/ anode %ecome thinner< Anod larut dalam elektrolitdan men7adi ni!is

ELECTROC1E+#CAL SER#ES


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ACT#=#TY @ G&OS#T#ON O ELECTRODE

ACT#=#TY 3


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ACT#=#TY 3

a$ Name all the ions !resent in electrolytes Namaan semua ion *ang $a#ir #alam eletrolit

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MODUL ELETROCHEMISTRY.docx