A I R PART B

MONICA SUTISNA 614340 SEMESTER 1 2015

RESEARCH FIELDSB.1

TECHNIQUE- INFLATABLE

Even though inflatable is not under one of the techniques in research fields, I found it to be one of the most interest-ing techniques to be explored after being introduced by my tutor.

Inflatable provides a total flexibility and control in terms of shapes as well as functions as it could be combine with oth-er techniques to create a small or huge capacity space. Not only this technique is interesting as this air-filled objects or structures can be a temporary or permanent shelters, it could be easily made, repaired, moved, built and the mate-rial use can be cheap such as plastic sheets and fans. In-flatable not only use to build temporary space for exhibition or playground, it is also in the building of furnitures, homes and bridges.

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As the brief of this subject is quite flexible in terms of function, this technique does not constrained my ability to create more than one function structure as it could be a combination of a playground and furniture or lamp as I have a strong interest in designing a building that allow users to interact with the struc-tures itself.

Typically, inflatables are a more elegant engineering solution because they are simple by design”

- THAD FREDRICKSON, manager of materials development for ILC Dover.

Elegancy is one of the element that i want my structure to have besides flexibility, furthermore inflatable can be eco-friendly too with the use of recycable material, water-based coatings and low-energy fans.

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TECHNIQUE- BIOMIMICRY

Biomimicry is an approach of solving human problems to in-novation in a sustainable way by applying nature’s patterns and strategies . In other words, people starting to realise that other living organisms in the same world we are living are able to survive for billion years without creating negative impacts or results on this planet.

So the question is how does nature solve a problem? This is such a critical question for architecture or designers to real-ly think about in order to create a sustainable innovation for the future environment.

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Jannie Benyus on TED Talk gave a few examples on how inno-vations by nature solve problems which one of them would be in a winter and desert conditions where there is no fresh water, an insect managed to collect water from fog with the bump at the back of its wing that acts as a magnet to water so that when it bends over the water slides of to its mouth.This innovation is then practiced by some architecture firms such as Grimshaw by coating buildings so that they could collect water from fog.

This is such an amazing inspiration that we can learn and adapt to create a more sustainable way of living which bring benefits for us without harming the environment. I chose this technique because I feel that I could satisfy and relate back to A1-Design Futuring purpose of this course.

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CASE STUDY 1.0B.2

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SHINSEON PLAY

MOON JI BANG

Fig. 1 Shinseon PlaySTUDIO AIR/ 007

TECHNIQUE: INFLATABLE

Shinseon Play is an inflatable temporary installation that has a very interesting concept which represents a heavenly landscape to give a heavenly feeling towards the users. It is located out-side Korea’s National Museum of Modern and Contemporary Art and has a mushroom-shaped ballons. It lights up like a lamp during nightime also function as shades when poeple wants to relax they could sit on the grass under the inflatable. This is infact a very unique yet simple structure which sits perfectly on the site where people would not even notice that it is actually a temporary installation which will be removed in October.

Fig. 2.1 Shinseon PLay view from top

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“Each balloon is supported by a hollow steel pipe that allows air to be gently pumped inside. The air pressure is programmed so that each one sways gently with the wind or as people touch it” - MOON JI BANG

From this case study, it can be seen that inflatable technique is not only for playgrounds or pool but it could be very artis-tic and ellegant at the same time. Though it might seem like a simple temporary structure, it could have some critical issues to really think about such as what material should be use so that it is flexible but strong enough to stand winds, how much air should be pump inside the balloon as well as how to make sure that the air does not escape so that the inflatable could stand.

Fig. 2.2 Shinseon Play view at night

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THE MORNING LINE

ARANDA LASCH, MATHEW RITCHIE,

arup AGU

Fig. 3 The Morning LineSTUDIO AIR/ 011

TECHNIQUE: BIOMIMICRY

Unlike any traditional pavilion, The Morning Line, an ‘an-ti-pavilion’ with 8 meter height and 20 meter long frame, is an intersection for information from many different fields including art, music, architecture, engineering, mathematics, physics, cosmology and techlonoly. The form of this structure is an open cellular rather than enclosure based on the visual language on a radical cosmological theory developed by Paul Steinhardt and Neil Turok. This approach challenge uniformity in a way that it acts as a living system that could evolve into a variety of possibilities to make an abstract outcome.

Fig. 4.1 The Morning line top view

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“For us design is about putting in place a process from which you can guarantee surprises” - CHRISTOPHER LASCH

For The Morning Line, Lasch’s surprises is a result of cre-ating the design with algorithms and formed from fractal anatomies. Fractal is a geometrical form that is the result of modelling structure formation in a random or chaotic phenomena such as leaves, snowflakes and crystal. Fur-thermore The Morning Line has no end or beggining nor exit or entrance, infact it is drawing space where each line is connecting with one another that could even-tually create a dense network web of ideas concerning the history and structure of the universe.

Fig. 4.2 The Morning Line view at night

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ITERATION CASE STUDY 1.0THE MORNING LINESTUDIO AIR/ 015

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THE EDEN PROJECT

GRIMSHAW

Fig. 5 The Eden ProjectSTUDIO AIR/ 017

TECHNIQUE: BIOMIMICRY

The Eden Project or refer as The Biomes, is one of the most interesting projects that adapts biomimicry tech-nique. The design intention in terms of structure was to be as light as possible so that less stress on the soil result in it has little site impact as well as to be built without internal support that could span for great distance. Hence, Grimshaw derived the inspiration from honey comb of bees and see it from the fly point of view where honey comb has light weight yet strong structure.

Fig. 6.1 The Eden Project sit on the site

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The frame structure relies on the geometry shaped that could be easily transported to the site, with cladding panel system of triple-layered pillows of high perfor-mance ETFE foil and environmentally efficient. Fur-thermore, this material has an outstanding ultraviolet transmittance performance for the sake of the plants’ growth and health.

This building is not only appear and function to be sustainable, it also provides an unforgetable experi-ence for visitors as they are able to enjoy and learn about many different type of plants from all over the world at the same time. It sits perfectly on the site and appear to be part of the hill and landscape as if it is a habitat for living organisms.

Fig. 6.2 The Eden Project at night

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CASE STUDY 2.0B.3

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THE FALLEN STAR

INSTALLATION AT AA DLAB VISITNG SCHOOL

Fig. 7 The Fallen StarSTUDIO AIR/ 021

RECORDED PROCESS

OUTCOME

1. Create rectangle, divide it and connect it to list item. Create points in between connecting lines

2. Connect lines in designated point creat-ing a star shape

Architectural Association (AA) DLAB Visiting School final working prototype, The Fallen Star installation is a combination between biometrics, interaction and per-ception. Its concept of Green includes exploring regeneration, emergence and growth that exist in nature by obersving the structure of natural and biological in different scale.

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3. Create two points at different height so that when 3 points connected a surface is created

4. Bake each surfaces and join them together

Furthermore, the workshop analyse the natural growth process such as the Linden-mayer system, fractal theory, reaction diffusion system and voronoi algorithms. The team examined and tested reaction diffusion and voronoi system like how coral form in the sea and branching algorithm in fluid formation. The Fallen Star fabri-cated the prototype and used the technique of sectioning to all the pieces togeth-er.

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TECHNIQUE DEVELOPMENT B.4STUDIO AIR/ 025

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TECHNIQUE DEVELOPMENT B.4STUDIO AIR/ 027

SELECTED ITERATIONS FROM CASE STUDY 2.0

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1. Shapes GenerationThe form is generated after altering the scale of the number in item list.. Points that are created between lines as well as along the rectangle will move as well when the number in the item list changed. I think this form is pottential for my proposal as I tend to make a pavilion that could be use for both shelter and play-ground for all potential users

2. Edged surface and Section PlanesIn the Fallen Star fabrication, sectioning technique is used in order to put the prototype together. With this exploration instead of creating a contour hori-zontally like how the Fallen Star did, I decided to go vertically in my porposal .

3. Pattern on SurfaceThis pattern was generated from applying geometry on the surface and what really interest me is that the size of the geometry is crontrolled by a single point that can be move anywhere I want resulting the pattern to change accordingly.

4. Exploring ToolsThis pattern on the surface appear to look like honey comb which is very interesting as it could be useful for my prototype section of biomimicry. However I feel that there need to be more exploration of how these honeycomb geometry are connected to each other as suppose to how they can stand as a strong structure.

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PROTOTYPEB.5

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The technique inspired from case study 2.0 is sectioning as studied in The Fallen Star, the section parts are assembled together with a stick that lays horizontally and goes across each individual pieces. In Fig. 1 shows the top view of the proto-type where each pieces have equal distance between each other and it gets wider in the middle part. This is inspired by the pattern studied in the technique devel-opment. This prototype is use to study that even when the join in quite strong, the sections can be rotated or move quite flexible.

1. After insterting the stick, I tried to lock by creating a smaller rectangle piece

2. The hole in the rectangle has the same size as the stick hence it fits perfectly as I insert it in

3. To secure it even more, I create an even smaller square piece with a small-er rectangle hole in the middle of it. The very small rectangle piece that make up the hole is pasted in the stick and paste the the last square piece onto the rect-angle.

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Design Site

Sun pathMerri Creek Trail

Bicycle/Walk path

SITE ANALYSIS

MERRI CREEK TRAILThe site is very large as the trail runs approximately 70km from Heathcote Junction to Yarra River (friends of merri creek). During site visit, I observed many activities along the trail such as cycling, jogging, and playing fetch with dogs. I was a little surprise that not many people actually stop and have picnic or do activities inside the site. As it can be seen from Fig. trees are growing along the creek creating a transparrent boundary between the walking path with the creek itself. There are many open spaces along the creek and I chose one of them to be my design site which the nearest to the cycling track. I chose this site because there are many fea-tures of the site that inspire my design such as the sloping hill behind the cycling track which I intend to be corporated into my pavilion and would be very important for my design such as flat surface with little contour.

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TECHNIQUE PROPOSALB.6LIVING ARCHITECTURE

As mention in site analysis, the activities along Merri Creek Tail includes cycling, jogging, walking and playing fetch with dogs. These activities play a very im-portant role in my design proposal and concept because these are my first po-tential users of my pavilion. i chose to develop my knowledge to design a pavil-ion because I found pavilion could have multi-function. My design purpose is to create a pavilion that could improve the interaction between the users and the creek itself.

Design IntentFurthermore, i want my design to be ab-solutely sustainable in terms of material and how it would function to refer back to design futuring in A.1. In order to be sustainable I decided to use wood that are locally produced and to use physics reaction technique as the result of users interacting with the pavilion hence there would be no energy needed to generate the movement of the pavilion. The pavil-ion should be lightweight so that it will not damage the exsistance land and little impact as the result of placing it on the site.

Function IntentThe function I chose to be part of the pa-vilion is playground. Why playground?

I feel that playground does not neces-sarily only for children instead a play-ground is a place where users, both adults and children, can do activities that could eventually make them feel better or happy. Hence, to satisfy my own design intent the pavilion that I design would have curved surface and with the technique of sectioning it could appear to look like many steps following the curve. These steps could be use for people who love to do exer-cise such as running and jogging as an equipment where they can run up and down the contoured section. Further-more it could also be use for people to play fetch with dogs where it could functions like a hill behind the cycling track. And not to forget users who pass by the creek by bicycle, I want my pa-vilion to have interaction with them as they drive pass through it.

Algorithmic ApproachAfter exploring the tools of Grasshop-per with Rhino, parametric design made the design intention to be pos-sible. It gives me flexibility in terms of generating the shapes that I would like my pavilion to be though i have not come into a conclusion in the shape of my final design. It also allows me to fabricate it in a more effective way.

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THE CONCEPTNATURE WITH DEISGN

MIMOSA PLANT

This is my experiment on how sunlight could affect my pavilion like how mimosa plant react to light. Mimosa plant will open when there is enough light and close at night. The experiment shows that the shadow of my pavilion will allow affected by the sunlight, when light from a specific direction will create an open mimosa shadow while in the first and last picture there is no shadow at all due to the little light.

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Fig. 8.1 : Mimosa plant is the analogy of this proposal. Mimosa is a type of plant that close after touch, this reaction is due to the lost of water in the cell or can be refer as seismonastic reaction which is a reaction of physical shock. This plant also closes at night because of nyctonastic movement which is the reaction to absence of light. This type of reaction is use as an idea of how users might interact with the pavilion. However as I found this biological reaction very challenging to be put into a building, I link this action with the simple law of seesaw in the playground. I found their reaction are similar where seesaw hinges on a pivot point and when forces inserted at one of the side, the opposite side will rise due to the physics of rotation.

In Fig. 8.2 is my experiment on how to corporate both seesaw technique with the reaction of mimosa. The outcome was very satisfying as the reaction after force inserted resulting the top part of the pavilion to close. Adapting the concept of mimosa into my design is the result of my development of biomimicry as studied in B.1 which is to implement the technique of nature into my design. This experiment is to create a design that passersby as well as cyclist could interact with the pavil-ion.

Fig. 8.1 Mimosa Plant when open and close Fig. 8.2 Prototype experiment

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LEARNING OBJECTIVES AND OUTCOME

B.7This part of the assignment is based on the feedback given in class by both my tu-tor and 2 other guests. This is such an important factor because feedback including both suggestions and critiques would help me to improve Part C.

Here listed the following suggestion and comments i received upon my presenta-tion:

1. There need to be specific and clear function provided by the design such as a playground2. There need to be more exploring in dynamic installation which also related to site specific3. Why this installation need to be on that specific site- could this installa-tion result in users to engange more with the creek4. Perhaps instal it on the bridge or creek where people does not need to interact directly with the pavilion but still create an interesting atmosphere5. Explore more on rotation system which is the result of action and reaction of force upon the section pavilion6. Think about the material more, the current material chosen for the pavil-ion would not be very effective

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Part B was definitely a more intense learning experience than Part A due to its requirement to explore and push as far as I could on grasshopper and rhino. How-ever this is such a critical part of the assignment as it helps me to find out on what and where I want my assignment to go. Learning grasshopper is clearly not an easy thing to do. Learning grasshopper in two months is defintely a more challenging thing to do.

However despite all the struggle, learning and being forced to really explore on this parametric tool is very beneficial because if I were learning it by myself I could just give up and not try to push it as far as I could. Being criticized and see other peo-ple’s work inspire me alot to improve my work. Part B also helps me become more comfortable using algorithm (grasshopper) to solve problem in design aspect.

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ALGORITHMIC SKETCHESB.8Although I mentioned many times that this is such an intense and dif-ficult learning process, doing reverse engineering and iterating for so many outcomes was very successful in making me more comfortable using both Rhino and Grasshopper.

I have learnt such innovative tool allow me to explore on complicated geometries and patterns. In both case study 1.0 and 2.0 I have gained different understanding on biomimicry that i can use for my future design in terms of algorithm and aestethic view.

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REFERENCE

TEXT

[1] Artemel, AJ. (2013). Retrospective: The In-credible inflatable Architecture Of The 1960s, Retrieved from http://architizer.com/blog/retrospective-the-incredible-inflatable-archi-tecture-of-the-1960s/

[2] O’Dell, H. (2009). The Advantages of Inflat-able Structure, Retrieved from http://fabricar-chitecturemag.com/articles/rv1009_f1_inflat-able.html

[3] What is Biomimicry?. (no publication date). Retrieved from http://www.biomimetic-archi-tecture.com/what-is-biomimicry/

[4] Hunter. (2012). TED Talk-janine Benyus, Re-trieved from http://www.biomimetic-architec-ture.com/2012/ted-talk-janine-benyus/

[5] Moon Ji Bang Yap Ballons Museum Seoul Korea. (2014, September). Retrieved from http://www.dezeen.com/2014/09/11/moon-ji-bang-yap-balloons-museum-seoul-korea/

[6] Holmes, K. (2013). Making The Mundane Cosmic: Meet Modular Designers Aranda\Lasch, Retrieved from http://thecreatorsproj-ect.vice.com/blog/making-the-mundane-cos-mic-meet-modular-designers-arandalasch

[7] Matthew Ritchie with Aranda\Lasch and Arup AGU-The Morning Line. (2008, October). Retrieved from http://www.tba21.org/augar-ten_activities/49/page_2

[8] The Eden Project: The Biomes. (no publica-tion date). Retrieved from http://grimshaw-ar-chitects.com/project/the-eden-project-the-bi-omes/

[9] The Eden Project: The Biomes. (no publica-tion date). Retrieved from http://grimshaw-ar-chitects.com/project/the-eden-project-the-bi-omes/

[10] The Eden Project. (no publication date). Retrieved from http://grimshaw-architects.com/project/the-eden-project/

[11] Furuto, A. (2012). ‘Fallen Star’ Installation t AA DLAB Visiting School, Retrieved from http://www.archdaily.com/265116/fallen-star-installa-tion-at-aa-dlab-visiting-school/

[12] Erdine, E. (2012). Student Works: Fallen Star, Retrieved from http://archinect.com/features/article/56310866/student-works-fallen-star

[13] Elizabeth, H. (no publication year). Why Mimosa Plant Close When Touch?, Retrieved from https://answers.yahoo.com/question/in-dex?qid=20080921185915AAcLGFs

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REFERENCE

IMAGE

Fig. 1 Shinseon Play <Retrieved from http://www.dezeen.com/2014/09/11/moon-ji-bang-yap-bal-loons-museum-seoul-korea/>

Fig. 2.1 Shinseon Play view from top <Retrieved from http://www.dezeen.com/2014/09/11/moon-ji-bang-yap-balloons-museum-seoul-korea/>

Fig. 2.2 Shinseon Play view at night <Retrieved from http://www.dezeen.com/2014/09/11/moon-ji-bang-yap-balloons-museum-seoul-korea/>

Fig. 3 The Morning Line <Retrieved from http://www.tba21.org/augarten_activities/49/page_2>

Fig. 4.1 The Morning Line top view <Retrieved from http://www.tba21.org/augarten_activi-ties/49/page_2>

Fig. 4.2 The Morning Line view at night <Re-trieved from http://www.tba21.org/augarten_ac-tivities/49/page_2>

Fig. 5 The Eden Project <Retrieved from http://grimshaw-architects.com/project/the-eden-project-the-biomes/>

Fig. 6.1 The Eden Project sit on the site <Re-trieved from http://grimshaw-architects.com/project/the-eden-project/>

Fig. 6.2 The Eden Project at night <Retrieved from http://grimshaw-architects.com/project/the-eden-project/>

Fig. 7 The Fallen Star <Retrieved from http://www.archdaily.com/265116/fallen-star-installa-tion-at-aa-dlab-visiting-school/>

Fig. 8.1 Mimosa plan when open and close < https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index-?qid=20080921185915AAcLGFs>

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