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widhadyah.lecture.ub.ac.id - widhadya.wordpress.com MOTIVATION AT WORK Widha K Ningdyah, ST., MT Psikologi Industri 2012

MOTIVATION AT WORKwidhadyah.lecture.ub.ac.id/files/2012/03/PSI_4.pdf · Psikologi Industri 2012. TENTANG MOTIVASI MEMBANGKITKAN MOTIVASI ... Forces acting on an employee that initiate

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Page 1: MOTIVATION AT WORKwidhadyah.lecture.ub.ac.id/files/2012/03/PSI_4.pdf · Psikologi Industri 2012. TENTANG MOTIVASI MEMBANGKITKAN MOTIVASI ... Forces acting on an employee that initiate

widhadyah.lecture.ub.ac.id - widhadya.wordpress.com

MOTIVATION AT WORKWidha K Ningdyah, ST., MTPsikologi Industri 2012

Page 2: MOTIVATION AT WORKwidhadyah.lecture.ub.ac.id/files/2012/03/PSI_4.pdf · Psikologi Industri 2012. TENTANG MOTIVASI MEMBANGKITKAN MOTIVASI ... Forces acting on an employee that initiate

TENTANG MOTIVASI

MEMBANGKITKAN MOTIVASI

TEORI MOTIVASI

Page 3: MOTIVATION AT WORKwidhadyah.lecture.ub.ac.id/files/2012/03/PSI_4.pdf · Psikologi Industri 2012. TENTANG MOTIVASI MEMBANGKITKAN MOTIVASI ... Forces acting on an employee that initiate

Forces acting on an employee that initiate and direct behaviour

(Gibson, 2010)

Page 4: MOTIVATION AT WORKwidhadyah.lecture.ub.ac.id/files/2012/03/PSI_4.pdf · Psikologi Industri 2012. TENTANG MOTIVASI MEMBANGKITKAN MOTIVASI ... Forces acting on an employee that initiate

RUANG LINGKUP MOTIVASI

Terkait dengan PERILAKU dan KINERJA

Terkait dengan ARAH TUJUAN

Dihasilkan dari KEJADIAN & PROSES secaraINTERNAL & EKSTERNAL

Penelitian di bidang motivasi masih terusdikembangkan

Page 5: MOTIVATION AT WORKwidhadyah.lecture.ub.ac.id/files/2012/03/PSI_4.pdf · Psikologi Industri 2012. TENTANG MOTIVASI MEMBANGKITKAN MOTIVASI ... Forces acting on an employee that initiate

MOTIVASI KESIMPULAN

OBSERVASI

Page 6: MOTIVATION AT WORKwidhadyah.lecture.ub.ac.id/files/2012/03/PSI_4.pdf · Psikologi Industri 2012. TENTANG MOTIVASI MEMBANGKITKAN MOTIVASI ... Forces acting on an employee that initiate

BE CAUTIONS in making motivational inferences

Page 7: MOTIVATION AT WORKwidhadyah.lecture.ub.ac.id/files/2012/03/PSI_4.pdf · Psikologi Industri 2012. TENTANG MOTIVASI MEMBANGKITKAN MOTIVASI ... Forces acting on an employee that initiate

WHY IMPORTANT?!

MOTIVASI TINGGI

akan menghasilkan

KONTRIBUSI YANG

SIGNIFIKAN pada

performansi

Page 8: MOTIVATION AT WORKwidhadyah.lecture.ub.ac.id/files/2012/03/PSI_4.pdf · Psikologi Industri 2012. TENTANG MOTIVASI MEMBANGKITKAN MOTIVASI ... Forces acting on an employee that initiate

MENUMBUHKAN MOTIVASI

Manajermengetahui type

dan derajatmotivasi

bawahannya

Page 9: MOTIVATION AT WORKwidhadyah.lecture.ub.ac.id/files/2012/03/PSI_4.pdf · Psikologi Industri 2012. TENTANG MOTIVASI MEMBANGKITKAN MOTIVASI ... Forces acting on an employee that initiate

Menumbuhkan Motivasi1. Apakah karyawan cenderung termotivasi ?

2. Sudahkah Value dan Ekspektasi karyawan tercapai?

3. Apakah karyawan memiliki GOAL yang ACHIEVABLE ?

4. Berikan feedback untuk karyawan terkait dengan pencapaian tujuan

5. Reward untuk pencapaian tujuan

6. Apakah Reward dan Resource diberikan secara proporsional?

7. Apakah motivasi menular?

Page 10: MOTIVATION AT WORKwidhadyah.lecture.ub.ac.id/files/2012/03/PSI_4.pdf · Psikologi Industri 2012. TENTANG MOTIVASI MEMBANGKITKAN MOTIVASI ... Forces acting on an employee that initiate

SIFAT-SIFAT INDIVIDU TERKAIT DENGAN MOTIVASI KERJA

• Harga diri ; mengganggap dirinyaberharga

• Teori Konsistensi (Korman, 1970, 1976)SELF-ESTEEM

• Extrinsic motivation -> not enjoy the task ; motivated by reward/punishment (Deci & Ryan, 1985)

• Intrinsic motivation -> rewards may reduce working satisfaction and motivation (Deci, et al., 1999) > DEBATES

INTRINSIC MOTIVATION TENDENCY

• Jobs are challenging and they have control over it

NEED FOR ACHIEVEMENT

1. Apakah karyawan cenderung termotivasi ?

Page 11: MOTIVATION AT WORKwidhadyah.lecture.ub.ac.id/files/2012/03/PSI_4.pdf · Psikologi Industri 2012. TENTANG MOTIVASI MEMBANGKITKAN MOTIVASI ... Forces acting on an employee that initiate

MENINGKATKAN SELF-ESTEEM

SE Workshop

• Karyawan diberikan pemahaman dan pengetahuan tentangpotensi dan kekuatan mereka.

Memberipengalaman

SUKSES

• Penggunaan prinsip “Self-fulfilling Prophecy” ->> GALATEA EFFECT

PerlakuanSupervisor

• Supervisor memberikan kepercayaan pada bawahannya >> Implementasi PYGMALION EFFECT

• PYGMALION EFFECT >< GOLEM EFFECT

Page 12: MOTIVATION AT WORKwidhadyah.lecture.ub.ac.id/files/2012/03/PSI_4.pdf · Psikologi Industri 2012. TENTANG MOTIVASI MEMBANGKITKAN MOTIVASI ... Forces acting on an employee that initiate

Motivasi Kerja & Kepuasan Kerja dipengaruhioleh gap antara KEINGINAN, VALUE, & EKSPEKTASI dengan KONDISI AKTUAL

• Janji perusahaan VS KondisiAktual

• Aspek positif & negatif harusproporsional

JOB EXPECTATION

• Job characteristics theory (Hackman & Oldham, 1976),

• Meaningful jobs

• Autonomy

• Feeddback

JOB CHARACTER

2. Sudahkah Value dan Ekspektasi karyawan tercapai?

Page 13: MOTIVATION AT WORKwidhadyah.lecture.ub.ac.id/files/2012/03/PSI_4.pdf · Psikologi Industri 2012. TENTANG MOTIVASI MEMBANGKITKAN MOTIVASI ... Forces acting on an employee that initiate

GOAL SETTING

3. Apakah karyawan memiliki GOAL yang ACHIEVABLE ?

S p e s i f i c

M e a s u r a b l e

A t t a i n a b l e, (yet Difficult)

R e l e v a n t

T i m e B o u n d

Page 14: MOTIVATION AT WORKwidhadyah.lecture.ub.ac.id/files/2012/03/PSI_4.pdf · Psikologi Industri 2012. TENTANG MOTIVASI MEMBANGKITKAN MOTIVASI ... Forces acting on an employee that initiate

Feedback untuk Karyawan

4. Berikan feedback untuk karyawan terkait dengan pencapaian tujuan

Feedback akan bersifatKONSTRUKTIF, ketika ia

disampaikan secara POSITIF disertai DORONGAN dan

PENGUATAN pada karyawan yang bersangkutan

Page 15: MOTIVATION AT WORKwidhadyah.lecture.ub.ac.id/files/2012/03/PSI_4.pdf · Psikologi Industri 2012. TENTANG MOTIVASI MEMBANGKITKAN MOTIVASI ... Forces acting on an employee that initiate

INSENTIF

5. Reward untuk pencapaian tujuan

Financial Rewards

Recognition

Premack Principle

Travel

Page 16: MOTIVATION AT WORKwidhadyah.lecture.ub.ac.id/files/2012/03/PSI_4.pdf · Psikologi Industri 2012. TENTANG MOTIVASI MEMBANGKITKAN MOTIVASI ... Forces acting on an employee that initiate

Equity Theory Research

6. Apakah Reward dan Resource diberikan secara proporsional?

Page 17: MOTIVATION AT WORKwidhadyah.lecture.ub.ac.id/files/2012/03/PSI_4.pdf · Psikologi Industri 2012. TENTANG MOTIVASI MEMBANGKITKAN MOTIVASI ... Forces acting on an employee that initiate

7. Apakah motivasi menular?

Page 18: MOTIVATION AT WORKwidhadyah.lecture.ub.ac.id/files/2012/03/PSI_4.pdf · Psikologi Industri 2012. TENTANG MOTIVASI MEMBANGKITKAN MOTIVASI ... Forces acting on an employee that initiate

TEORI MOTIVASI

Page 19: MOTIVATION AT WORKwidhadyah.lecture.ub.ac.id/files/2012/03/PSI_4.pdf · Psikologi Industri 2012. TENTANG MOTIVASI MEMBANGKITKAN MOTIVASI ... Forces acting on an employee that initiate

Maslow’s Hierarchy of

Needs

Page 20: MOTIVATION AT WORKwidhadyah.lecture.ub.ac.id/files/2012/03/PSI_4.pdf · Psikologi Industri 2012. TENTANG MOTIVASI MEMBANGKITKAN MOTIVASI ... Forces acting on an employee that initiate
Page 21: MOTIVATION AT WORKwidhadyah.lecture.ub.ac.id/files/2012/03/PSI_4.pdf · Psikologi Industri 2012. TENTANG MOTIVASI MEMBANGKITKAN MOTIVASI ... Forces acting on an employee that initiate

TEORI MOTIVASI PROSES

REINFORCEMENT GOAL SETTING

EXPECTANCY EQUITY

Page 22: MOTIVATION AT WORKwidhadyah.lecture.ub.ac.id/files/2012/03/PSI_4.pdf · Psikologi Industri 2012. TENTANG MOTIVASI MEMBANGKITKAN MOTIVASI ... Forces acting on an employee that initiate

Reinforcement Theory

Page 23: MOTIVATION AT WORKwidhadyah.lecture.ub.ac.id/files/2012/03/PSI_4.pdf · Psikologi Industri 2012. TENTANG MOTIVASI MEMBANGKITKAN MOTIVASI ... Forces acting on an employee that initiate

Goal Setting Theory

Page 24: MOTIVATION AT WORKwidhadyah.lecture.ub.ac.id/files/2012/03/PSI_4.pdf · Psikologi Industri 2012. TENTANG MOTIVASI MEMBANGKITKAN MOTIVASI ... Forces acting on an employee that initiate
Page 25: MOTIVATION AT WORKwidhadyah.lecture.ub.ac.id/files/2012/03/PSI_4.pdf · Psikologi Industri 2012. TENTANG MOTIVASI MEMBANGKITKAN MOTIVASI ... Forces acting on an employee that initiate

Expectancy Theory

Model Vroomian

1964Model Lowler & Porter

1967Model Aderson & Butzin

1974

Performance = Motivation x Ability

Page 26: MOTIVATION AT WORKwidhadyah.lecture.ub.ac.id/files/2012/03/PSI_4.pdf · Psikologi Industri 2012. TENTANG MOTIVASI MEMBANGKITKAN MOTIVASI ... Forces acting on an employee that initiate

Model Vroomian

Instrumentally

•seberapa besarhubungan antaraprestasi kerjadengan hasil kerjayang lebih tinggi

Valence

•seberapa pentingsi pekerja menilaipenghasilan yang diberikanperusahaankepadanya

Expectancy

•seberapa besarkemungkinan jikamerekamelakukanperilaku tertentumereka akanmendapatkanhasil kerja yang diharapkan

Page 27: MOTIVATION AT WORKwidhadyah.lecture.ub.ac.id/files/2012/03/PSI_4.pdf · Psikologi Industri 2012. TENTANG MOTIVASI MEMBANGKITKAN MOTIVASI ... Forces acting on an employee that initiate

Model Lawler and Porter

• Banyaknya enersi yg dikelaurkanseseorang dalam situasi tertentu.Effort

• Karakteristik individuAbilities

• Kesesuaian antara effort yg dilakukanseseorang dengan pandangan atasanRole Perceptions

Page 28: MOTIVATION AT WORKwidhadyah.lecture.ub.ac.id/files/2012/03/PSI_4.pdf · Psikologi Industri 2012. TENTANG MOTIVASI MEMBANGKITKAN MOTIVASI ... Forces acting on an employee that initiate

Model Anderson & Butzin

Future Performance = Past Performance + (Motivation x Ability)

Page 29: MOTIVATION AT WORKwidhadyah.lecture.ub.ac.id/files/2012/03/PSI_4.pdf · Psikologi Industri 2012. TENTANG MOTIVASI MEMBANGKITKAN MOTIVASI ... Forces acting on an employee that initiate

Equity Theory

Page 30: MOTIVATION AT WORKwidhadyah.lecture.ub.ac.id/files/2012/03/PSI_4.pdf · Psikologi Industri 2012. TENTANG MOTIVASI MEMBANGKITKAN MOTIVASI ... Forces acting on an employee that initiate
Page 31: MOTIVATION AT WORKwidhadyah.lecture.ub.ac.id/files/2012/03/PSI_4.pdf · Psikologi Industri 2012. TENTANG MOTIVASI MEMBANGKITKAN MOTIVASI ... Forces acting on an employee that initiate

TUGAS INDIVIDU

Self – Analisys

(Knowing Your Self)

Page 32: MOTIVATION AT WORKwidhadyah.lecture.ub.ac.id/files/2012/03/PSI_4.pdf · Psikologi Industri 2012. TENTANG MOTIVASI MEMBANGKITKAN MOTIVASI ... Forces acting on an employee that initiate

ACHIEVEMENT ORIENTATION

CHARACTER

(who am I?)

EXPOSURE

(minat)

KNOWLEDGE

(pengetahuan)

Page 33: MOTIVATION AT WORKwidhadyah.lecture.ub.ac.id/files/2012/03/PSI_4.pdf · Psikologi Industri 2012. TENTANG MOTIVASI MEMBANGKITKAN MOTIVASI ... Forces acting on an employee that initiate

PLANNING YOUR FUTURE

• Gambarkan rencana hidupmu secara detail dalam :

– 3 tahun ke depan

– 5 tahun ke depan