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ALIGNMENT POROS
SHAFT ALIGNMENTDefinisi shaft alignment ?
Adjustment posisi relatif dari dua poros, ex. motor (driver &pompa (driven).Pengaturan posisi center pada kondisi operasi normal.
EFEK MISALIGNMENTROTATING MACHINERY
Distorsi poros (Shaft) Konsumsi energi meningkat Mengurangi umur bantalan Kerusakan seal Shut down tidak terjadwal.
Misaligned
seal terbuka kebocorandan kontaminasi
Kondisi Aligned
JENIS MISALIGNMENT
Parallelmisalignment
Angularmisalignment
IDENTIFIKASI MISALIGNMENT
Inspeksi peralatan Kerusakan awal pada bearing, seal, shaft, or coupling
failures.
Temperatur tinggi pada bearings atau minyak pelumass
Kebocoran yang berlebihan pada seal
Longgar baut pengikat kaki
Longgar atau rusak baut pada kopling
Pecah atau rusak karet pada fleksibel kopling
INSPEKSI PERALATAN
Kerusakan tidak wajar pada kopling. Retaknya poros pada bagian bearing
dekat kopling Penambahan pelumas yang berlebihan
DATA ANALISA VIBRATION
Bentuk Vibrasi pada misalignment : Vibrasi pada arah aksial. High vibration at 1xTS or 2xTS in the
spectrum. Signifikasi fase getaran 180 derajat
ANGULAR MISALIGNMENT
High axial vibrationboth in 1X and 2Xrpm
180 Out-of-phaseacross the coupling(axial axial).
Spectrum
Phase
PARALLEL MISALIGNMENT
High radial vibration, 2x rpmoften larger than 1x rpm, butits height relative to 1x rpmis often dictated by couplingtype and construction
180 Out-of-phase acrossthe coupling (horizontal horizontal or vertical vertical)
Spectrum
Phase
INFRARED THERMOGRAPH
FLEXIBLE COUPLING
FONDASI DAN BASEPLATE
Bowed baseplate Skewed baseplate
PREALIGNMENT
Sebelum melakukan alignment Kondisi fondasi. Kerusakan bearings, shafts, seals, couplings dll. Poros bengkok Softfoot
KOREKSI SOFT FOOT
Soft foot = gap antara mesin dengan fondasi Diperbaiki sebelum alignment Soft foot menyebabkan tegangan pada baut dan bearing
KOREKSI SOFTFOOT
Stress lines due to softfoot Pre-loading bearingdue to softfoot
KOREKSI SOFTFOOTBentuk umum softfoot
KORESKSI SOFT FOOT
Dial IndicatorInstall a dial indicator on the footand watching the movementas you loosen the hold down bolt.
Laser MethodMount the laser on the machine shafton either side of coupling
Loosen individual bolt and retightenRead the live display
METODE ALIGNMENT
Straight edge and feeler gauge Face & Rim Reverse Indicator
STRAIGHT EDGE
FEELER GAUGE
FACE & RIM
PROSEDUR1. Attached bracket firmly to one shaft and position
indicators on face and periphery of other shaft2. Zero the indicators at the 12 oclock position3. Rotate slowly the shaft and bracket arrangement through
90 degrees interval stopping at the 3, 6 & 9 oclockpositions. Record each reading (+ or -)
4. Return to the 12 oclock position to see if the indicators re-zero
5. Repeat steps 2 through 4 to verify the first of readings
FACE & RIM
REVERSE INDICATORPROSEDUR1. Attached bracket(s) firmly to one shaft(s) and position
indicator(s) on face and periphery of other shaft(s)2. Zero the indicator(s) at the 12 oclock position3. Rotate slowly the shaft and bracket arrangement through
90 degrees interval stopping at the 3, 6 & 9 oclockpositions. Record each reading (+ or -)
4. Return to the 12 oclock position to see if the indicator(s)re-zero
5. Repeat steps 2 through 4 to verify the first of readings6. If one bracket was used, mount bracket on other shaft
and repeat steps 1 through 5
REVERSE INDICATOR
DIAL INDICATOR MOUNTING
The stem does not perpendicularto the reading surface
Mounting buruk Mounting benar
DIAL INDIKATOR
Dial tidak menyentuh
VALIDASI PEMBACAAN
kiri + kanan = atas + bawah
PERPINDAHAN PERALATAN
Vertical movement Horizontal movement
Axial movement
CARA PEMBACAAN
Apabila harga pergerakandial dari arah jam 12 ke jam6
Aktuak offset = selish indikatir pada dial
Axial view of the shaft
CARA MEMBACA
Solusi matematis(+) = the unit has to be raised
(add shim) for verticalmovement or moved to theleft for horizontalmovement
(-) = the unit has to be loweredor moved to the right
CARA PEMBACAAN
Solusi matematis
(+) = the unit has to be raised(add shim) for verticalmovement or moved to theleft for horizontalmovement
(-) = the unit has to be loweredor moved to the right
ALIGNMENT(Metode graphis)
Position of the driven shaft when the bottom reading is negative (-)
ALIGNMENT(Metode graphis)
Position of the driven shaft when the bottom reading is positive (+)
ALIGNMENT(Metode graphis)
Position of the driver shaft when the bottom reading is negative (-)
ALIGNMENT(Metode graphis)
ALIGNMENT(Metode graphis)
Position of the driver shaft when the bottom reading is positive (+)
LASER ALIGNMENT
LASER ALIGNMENT
LASER ALIGNMENT
Keuntungan Cepat Panjang poros sampai 20 m Ketelitian tinggi Perhitungan otomatis Pengaruh temp. kecil
Kekurangan Dikalibrasi secara periodik
LASER ALIGNMENT
TOLERANSI ALIGNMENT
CSI RecommendedTolerances forShaft Alignment
FixturlaserRecommendedTolerances forShaft Alignment
Ludeca RecommendedTolerances for ShaftAlignment John Piotrowski
LASER ALIGNMENT