Nahjul Balaaghah about Inciting Discord By A.S. Hashim. MD

Nahjul Balaaghahabout Inciting Discord

By A.S. Hashim. MD

Nahjul Balaaghah about Inciting Discord

Supplication

الرحيم الرحمن الله بـســـم

In the Name of God,

Lord of Mercy and

Lord of Grace


Nahjul Balaaghah

Nahjul Balaaghah, a highly valued book, consists of:– 254 sermons, – 48 letters, and – 212 sayings of Imam Ali

Nahjul Balaaghah is unique to Imam Ali

None of the Sahaaba was ever able to produce anything like it:1. neither in substance

2. nor in literary eloquence.

No wonder Ali was referred to as:1. Sayyid al-Bulaghaa' (Pinnacle of Literary Expression) and

2. Sayyid al-Fu'qahaa, (Pinnacle of the Jurisprudents)


References about Inciting Discord

Nahjul Balaaghah contains 14 references about Inciting Discord, some of which appear here

The quotes appear in various sermons, – said at variable occasions and – about different subjects.

1. The Arabic quotes are from the book of Nahjul Balaaghah, by Dr. Subhi Al-Salih, and so is the numbering of the sermons and pages, 1st Edition, Beirut 1967.

2. The Number of the sermons may differ by a factor of 1 in other volumes of Nahjul Balaaghah

3. The references are quotes by Abd al-Zahra' al-Husayni in vols. I & IV of his work (see Al-Islam.org, internet)


Time Element

The majority of Ali's sayings and speeches were stated:– During his Khilaafah when in Kufa, – At Different Places– At Different Occasions– Often at Khutba of Jumu’ah


In Sermon 2, Page 46 Ali: about Inciting Discord

This is part of a Khutba delivered on Ali’s return from Siffin. Ali describes Arabia before the proclamation of Prophethood, Inciting discord was the part appearing as follows:

See next slide pleaseOther sources:

1. Ibn Qutaybah, Ùyun, I, 326; 2. al-Tabari, al-Mustarshid, p. 73; 3. Ibn Àbd Rabbih, al-Ìqd, III, 112; 4. al-'Amidi, Ghurar, 331, 354; 5. Ibn Talhah, Matalib, I.


In Sermon2, Ali: about Inducing Discord

At that time people were in Discord with the rope of religion broken, the pillars of belief shaken, principles profaned, the order muddled, the exit narrow, the source dark, the guidance listless and ignorance predominant. And Allah was disobeyed, Satan given support and Belief betrayed.

Therefore the pillars of religion were ruined, its knowledge overlooked, its ways trampled upon, and its paths in decay.

People obeyed Satan and treaded his paths, sought its water from his wellspring. With them Satan's flag flew forward, his standard raised high.

In malicious discord it trampled them, and with its feet it treaded them. Vices stood high in it therefore they had strayed, were perplexed, ignorant, and seduced, ….

ف$يها *ج&ذ&م& ان &ن ف$ت في 0اس. و&النو&ار$ي س& ع&ت* ع*ز& &ز& و&ت ، الد=ين$ *ل. ب ح&0ت& ت &ش& و&ت ، 0ج*ر. الن &ل&ف& ت و&اخ* ، &ق$ين$ اليو&ع&م$ي& ، ج. م&خ*ر& ـ* ال و&ض&اق& ، &*م*ر. اال

، Kخ&ام$ل ف&اله.د&ى ، الم&ص*د&ر.. Kام$ل ش& &لع&م&ى ، وا ح*من. الر0 ع.ص$ي&

، $*يم&ان. اال و&خ.ذ$ل& ، *ط&ان. ي الش0 .ص$ر& و&نت* 0ر& &نك و&ت $م.ه.، د&ع&ائ ت* *ه&ار& ف&ان

و&ع&ف&ت* .ه.، .ل ب س. س&ت* و&د&ر& $م.ه.، م&ع&ال.ه. ك ر. ش.

.وا &ك ل ف&س& *ط&ان& ي الش0 &ط&اع.وا أ$ه$م* ب &ه.، &اه$ل م&ن د.وا و&و&ر& &ه.، $ك ال م&س&

$و&اؤ.ه.، ل و&ق&ام& &ع*الم.ه.، أ ت* ار& س&&خ*ف&اف$ه&ا، $أ ب *ه.م* ت د&اس& &ن ف$ت فيو&ق&ام&ت* &ف$ه&ا، &ظ*ال بأ *ه.م* &ت و&و&ط$ئ

$ه.ون& &ائ ت ف$يه&ا ف&ه.م* $ك$ه&ا، &اب ن س& ع&ل&ى ، .ون& .ون م&ف*ت ج&اه$ل.ون& $رون& ائ ....ح&


In Sermon 5, 52 Page Ali: about

(After the Prophet’s death, Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib and Abu Sufyan offered to pay allegiance to Ali for the Khilaafah.) Ali sensing the ill intention of Abu Sufyan and the problems that may result, gave this Khutba part of which appears as follows:


1. Sibt ibn al-Jawzi, Tadhkirah, bab 6, 137; 2. al-Tabarsi, al-'Ihtijaj, I, 127; 3. al-Bayhaqi, al-Mahasin, II, 139, see Àrshi


In Sermon 5, Ali: about Discord

O’ people! Avoid the malice of discord by the vessels of deliverance,

And turn away from the path of dissension and dispense with the crowns of pride.

Prosperous is the one who rises with wings of power, or else remains peaceful so others enjoy ease.

The aspiration for Khilaafah is like turbid water or a morsel that suffocates the one who swallows it.

One who plucks fruits before ripening is like one who cultivates in another's field.

م*و&اج& & أ قeوا ش. 0اس.، الن eها &ي أ0ج&اة$، الن ف.ن$ $س. ب &ن$ الف$تط&ريق$ ع&ن* ج.وا و&ع&ر=

$يج&ان& ت و&ض&ع.وا ة$، &اف&ر& الـم.نة$. الـم.ف&اخ&ر&

أو$ &اح، ن $ج& ب &ه&ض& ن م&ن* &ح& &ف*ل أ ، &راح& ف&أ &م& ل &س* ت اس*

$ه&ا ب eغ&ص& ي Kق*م&ة. و&ل ، Kآج$ن Kم&اء.ه&ا، $ل آك

و&ق*ت$ *ر$ $غ&ي ل ة$ 0ثم&ر& ال $ي &ن ت و&م.ج*. ض$ه$ ر*

& أ *ر$ $غ&ي ب ارع$ كالز0 &اع$ه&ا $ين إ


In Sermon 50, Page 88 Ali: about Discord

Ali about the admixture of right and wrong, talks about Discord and enticing it as appears in the following:


1. al-Barqi, al-Mahasin, I, 208; 2. al-Kulayni, Usul al-Kafi, bab al-bida` wa al-ra'y wa al-

maqayis;3. Idem., Rawdat al-Kafi, 58;4. al-Ya`qubi, Ta'rikh, II, 136;5. al-Tawhidi, al-Basa'ir, 32.



O’ people! Avoid the malice of discord by the vessels of deliverance,

And turn away from the path of dissension and dispense with the crowns of pride.

Prosperous is the one who rises with wings of power, or else remains peaceful so others enjoy ease.

The aspiration for Khilaafah is like turbid water or a morsel that suffocates the one who swallows it.

One who plucks fruits before ripening is like one who cultivates in another's field.

م*و&اج& & أ قeوا ش. 0اس.، الن eها &ي أ0ج&اة$، الن ف.ن$ $س. ب &ن$ الف$تط&ريق$ ع&ن* ج.وا و&ع&ر=

$يج&ان& ت و&ض&ع.وا ة$، &اف&ر& الـم.نة$. الـم.ف&اخ&ر&

أو$ &اح، ن $ج& ب &ه&ض& ن م&ن* &ح& &ف*ل أ ، &راح& ف&أ &م& ل &س* ت اس*

$ه&ا ب eغ&ص& ي Kق*م&ة. و&ل ، Kآج$ن Kم&اء.ه&ا، $ل آك

و&ق*ت$ *ر$ $غ&ي ل ة$ 0ثم&ر& ال $ي &ن ت و&م.ج*. ض$ه$ ر*

& أ *ر$ $غ&ي ب ارع$ كالز0 &اع$ه&ا $ين إ



Malicious discords start through wishes followed and orders innovated, in which the Book of Allah is not followed. People assist each other about them though they contradict the Religion of Allah.

If falsehood had been unmixed with the Truth, it would have been clear for those in search of it.

And if Truth was pure from admixture with falsehood, it would have silenced those who defy.

However, something is taken from here and something from there, and the two are mixed! It is then that Satan overpowers his followers, but saved will be the ones whom Allah had apportioned virtue from before.

&ن$ *ف$ت ال و.ق.وع$ &د*ء. ب 0م&ا $ن إ&د&ع.، *ت .ب ت Kام& &ح*ك و&أ &ع.، 0ب .ت ت Kه*و&اء& أ

الله$، $تاب. ك ف$يه&ا .خ&ال&ف. ي ،u ر$ج&اال Kر$ج&ال *ه&ا &ي ع&ل &و&ل0ى &ت و&ي

الله$، د$ين$ *ر$ غ&ي ع&ل&ىم$ن* خ&ل&ص& &اط$ل& *ب ال &ن0 أ &و* ف&لع&ل&ى &خ*ف& ي &م* ل *ح&ق= ال اج$ م$ز&

، &اد$ين& ت *م.ر* الم$ن* خ&ل&ص& ال*حق0 &ن0 أ &و* و&ل

*ه. ع&ن *ق&ط&ع&ت* ان &اط$ل$ الب *س$ &ب ل ; $د$ين& *م.ع&ان ال &ل*س.ن. أ

هذ&ا م$ن* .ؤ*خ&ذ. ي و&لك$ن ، Kض$غ*ث هذ&ا و&م$ن* ، Kض$غ*ث

&و*لي! ت &س* ي $ك& &ال ف&ه.ن ج&ان$ .م*ز& ف&ي$ه$، &ائ $ي و*ل

& أ ع&ل&ى *ط&ان. ي الش0&ه.م* ل &ق&ت* ب س& 0ذ$ين& ال *ج.و &ن و&ي

. ن&ى *ح.س* ال الله$ م$ن&


In Sermon 93, 137 Page Ali: about Benu Umayya

About the mischief mongering of Benu Umayya and the discord they lead to, as appears in the following: See next slide please

Other sources:1. Al-Ya`qubi, Tar'ikh, II, 182; 2. Abu Nuàym, Hilyah, I, 68;3. al-Thaqafi, al-Gharat, I, 6, 7, 16;4. Ibn al-'Athir, al-Nihayah, I, 377 (h.z.b), III, 200 (à.dh.m);5. al-Hakim, al-Mustadrak, II, 466;6. Ibn Àbd al-Birr, Jami`, I, 114;7. Ibn Hajar, al-'Isabah, II, 509;8. al-Tabari, al-Riyad, 198;9. al-Suyuti, Ta'rikh al-khulafa', 124;10. Dahlan, al-Futuhat, II, 337;11. al-Qunduzi, Yanabi`, 224.


In Sermon 93, Ali: about Benu Umayya

When malicious discords arrive they confound the right with the wrong, and when they clear away they leave a warning.

The discords cannot be known as they approach but would be recognized as they leave. Discords inflict just like winds blowing, striking some cities and missing others.

Beware that in my view the worst discord for you is the discord of Benu Umayya, because it is a dark discord that is blinding.

Its sway is wide spread and its ill-effects are meant for particular people. He would be in distress who remains clear-sighted about it, and he would be worry free the one who is blinded about it.

&ل&ت* &ق*ب أ $ذ&ا إ &ن& *ف$ت ال $ن{ إت* &ر& د*ب

& أ $ذ&ا و&إ ، 0ه$ت* ب ش&، 0ه&ت* &ب ن

&ت، $ال م.ق*ب ن& &ر* *ك .ن يات، $ر& م.د*ب ف*ن& .ع*ر& و&ي

، &اح$ ي الر= ح&و*م& &ح.م*ن& ي*ن& .خ*ط$ئ و&ي u &دا &ل ب *ن& .ص$ب ي

.u &دا &ل ب&ن$ *ف$ت ال &خ*و&ف& أ $ن0 و&إ & &ال أ&ن$ي ب &ة. *ن ف&ت .م* *ك &ي ع&ل *د$ي ن ع$&اء. ع&م*ي Kة& *ن ف$ت 0ه&ا $ن فإ 0ة&، .م&ي ا

: Kم&ة$ م.ظ*لو&خ&ص0ت* .ه&ا، خ.ط0ت ع&م0ت*

&ء. &ال *ب ال ص&اب&& و&أ .ه&ا، 0ت $ي &ل ب

& &خ*ط&أ و&أ ف$يه&ا، *ص&ر& &ب أ م&ن*. *ه&ا ع&ن ع&م$ي& م&ن* &ء. &ال *ب ال


In Sermon 102, Page 148 Ali: about Inducing Discord

Ali about future discords likely to show up. This is part of a Khutba about the Day of Judgment, part of which appears here:


1. Ibn Qutaybah, al-'Imamah, I, 153;

2. al-Harrani, Tuhaf, 131;

3. al-Kulayni, Furu` al-Kafi, IV, 31;

4. al-Mufid, al-Majalis, 95;

5. al-Tusi, al-'Amali, I ,197.


In Sermon 102, Ali: Inducing Discord

Ahead of you are blinding discords like a dark night, neither horses can stand to face them, nor their banners can turn back. The discords arrive unrelenting, their leader accosts them to leap, and their rider would exhaust them urging.

The instigators of the discords are people who are rudely boisterous, pilfering little. They will be fought (for the sake of Allah) by a people held low in the estimate of the arrogant and insolent of the earth, but well regarded in Heavens.

Then woe to you O' Basra! Facing up the infliction of Allah’s soldiers, not able to raise dust or cries. And your inhabitants would face a bloody death and dire hunger.

*ل$ 0ي *ل ال &ق$ط&ع$ ك Kن& ف$ت&ه&ا ل &ق.وم. ت & ال ،$ $م *م.ظ*ل ال

،Kة& اي ر& &ه&ا ل eد .ر& ت & و&ال ،Kم&ة$ ق&ائ : uة& ح.ول م&ر* uم.وم&ة م&ز* .م* $يك *ت &أ ت&ج*ه&د.ه&ا و&ي $د.ه&ا، ق&ائ ه&ا &ح*ف$ز. ي

.ه&ا، $ب اك ر& ، .ه.م* &ب &ل ك Kد$يد ش& Kق&و*م .ه&ا ه*ل

& أ.ج&اه$د.ه.م* ي ، .ه.م* &ب ل س& Kيل$ ق&ل*د& ن ع$ K0ة &ذ$ل أ Kق&و*م الله$ ف$يض$ &*ر* اال ف$ي ، =ر$ين& &ب &ك *م.ت ال

ماء$ الس0 و&ف$ي ، .ون& م&ج*ه.ول. وف.ون& م&ع*ر.

*د& ن ع$ ة. &ص*ر& ب &ا ي &ك$ ل Kل* ف&و&ي $ $ق&م ن م$ن* ج&ي*ش م$ن* ، ذل$ك&

ح&س0،! & و&ال &ه.، ل ه&ج& ر& & ال الله*م&و*ت$ $ال ب &ه*ل.ك$ أ &ل&ى *ت .ب ي و&س&

&ر$ &*غ*ب اال *ج.وع$ و&ال *ح*م&ر$، اال



Ali gave a sermon about the condition of the people during disorder, and advice against oppression and unlawful earning. Part of this sermon is about Discord as appears in the following:


1. Al-Sayyid al-Yamani, al-Taraz, I, 334



You, O' people of Arabia, calamities have come near, avoid the intoxication of wealth, beware the mishap of the reprimand, keep steadfast during the mischief of discord, (when the discord’s insides disclose itself, manifesting its secrets, and its axis straitens up, and its rotation gains strength).

Discord begins in imperceptible stages but develops as hideous. In its youth it is like a teen age but with ominous effects.

Oppressors inherit each other by agreement. Their first serves as a leader for him who follows and vice versa. They vie with each other for this lowly world, and clamor over this smelly carcass. But shortly they would renounce each other, annihilating by despise, and cursing one another when they meet.

اض. &غ*ر& أ ب$ *ع&ر& ال ر& م&ع*ش& .م* 0ك $ن إ .م0 ثات$ &ر& ك س& 0ق.وا ف&ات ، &ت* ب &ر& اق*ت ق&د$ &ا &ي &ال ب=ق*م&ة$، الن $ق& $و&ائ ب وا و&اح*ذ&ر. =ع*م&ة$، الن

و&اع*و$ج&اج$ و&ة$، *ع$ش* ال $ &ام ق&ت ف$ي .وا 0ت &ب &ث و&تو&ظ.ه.ور$ $ه&ا، $ين ن ج& .وع$ ط.ل *د& ن ع$ &ة$ *ن *ف$ت الو&م&د&ار$ $ه&ا، ق.ط*ب $ص&اب$ *ت و&ان $ه&ا، &م$ين ك

ح&اه&ا. ر&&ؤ.ول. و&ت 0ة، خ&ف$ي م&د&ار$ج& ف$ي . *د&أ &ب ت

&اب$ ب &ش$ ك .ه&ا &اب ب ش$ 0ة، $ي ل ج& ف&ظ&اع&ة $ل&ى إ ،$ &م ال الس= &ار$ &آث ك ه&ا &ار. و&آث ،$ &م *غ.ال ال

! .ه.م* و0ل& أ *ع.ه.ود$ بال &م&ة. الظ0ل .ه&ا ث &و&ار& &ت ي&د م.ق*ت ه.م* و&آخ$ر. ، $خ$ر$ه$م* ال Kد$ ق&ائ

0ة، $ي د&ن *يا د.ن في &اف&س.ون& &ن &ت ي ، $ه$م* و0ل& بأ

و&ع&ن* م.ر$يح&ة، ج$يف&ة ع&لى .ون& &ب &ال &ك &ت و&ي ، .وع$ *ب *م&ت ال م$ن& $ع. 0اب الت

. أ &ر0 &ب &ت ي $يل ق&ل&ل.ون& اي &ز& &ت ف&ي *م&ق.ود$، ال م$ن& $د. *ق&ائ و&ال

. =ق&اء$ الل *د& ن ع$ .ون& &ع&ن &ال &ت و&ي $غ*ض&اء$، *ب $ال ب



About the malice in Basra; and warning the people of Basra about what was to occur as follows:


1. Al-Tusi, Talkhis al-Shafi, I, 326;

2. al-Hilli, Mukhtasar Basa'ir al-darajat, 195;(3) al-Tabarsi, al-'Ihtijaj, I, 326;(4) al-Muttaqi, Kanz, VIII, 215;(5) al-Majlisi, Bihar, bab al-fitan wa al-mihan, 448.



"The Prophet replied, "Yes it is so, but what about your enduring at present?" I said, "O' Prophet of Allah, this is not an occasion for endurance, but rather an occasion for glad tidings and gratefulness." Then he said:

“O' Ali, people will be tested through their wealth, as if favoring Allah by their faith and expecting His mercy. Thus they feel safe from His wrath, regard His unlawful as lawful by raising false doubts and foolish desires. They will hold lawful the use of wine by calling it barley water, a bribe by calling it a gift, and taking of usurious interest by calling it sale.”

I said, "O' Prophet of Allah, how should I deal with them at the time, whether to hold them to have gone back in heresy or just in discord." He said, "in discord."

« : $ن0 ف&إ ، ر* *ش$ &ب أ $ي ل ف&ق.ل*ت&. » ؟ $ك& ائ و&ر& م$ن* ه&اد&ة& : الش0 لي ف&ق&ال&

ك&» *ر. ص&ب *ف& &ي ف&ك ، $ك& &ذل &ك ل $ك& ذل $ن0 إ. ؟« $ذ&ن* الله$،: إ س.ول& ر& &ا ي ف&ق.ل*ت.

*ر$، الص0ب م&و&اط$ن$ م$ن* هذ&ا &يس& لالبشرى م&و&اط$ن$ م$ن* و&لك$ن*

.ر$. ك eو&الش : و&ق&ال&.ون&» &ن .ف*ت ي س& *ق&و*م& ال $ن0 إ ، eي$ ع&ل &ا يع&ل&ى $ه$م $د$ين ب eون& &م.ن و&ي ، $هم* م*و&ال

& $أ ب.ون& م&ن

* &أ و&ي &ه.، ح*م&ت ر& 0و*ن& &م&ن &ت و&ي ، =ه$م* ب ر&ام&ه. ح&ر& &ح$لeون& ت &س* و&ي &ه.، س&ط*و&ت&*ه*و&اء$ و&اال &ة$، &اذ$ب *ك ال .ه&ات$ ب eالش$ ب*خ&م*ر& ال eون& &ح$ل ت &س* ف&ي &ة$، اه$ي الس0

&ا ب و&الر= 0ة$، *ه&د$ي $ال ب و&السeح*ت& $يذ$، 0ب $الن ب.» *ع$ &ي *ب $ال ب

ي=: & $أ ف&ب الله$، س.ول& ر& &ا ي ق.ل*ت.

&ة$ *ز$ل $م&ن ب& أ ؟ $ك& ذل *د& ن ع$ .ه.م* *ز$ل ن

. أ &از$ل$ *م&ن ال&ة؟ *ن ف$ت &ة$ *ز$ل $م&ن ب &م* أ ر$د0ة،

.» &ة: » *ن ف$ت &ة$ *ز$ل $م&ن ب ف&ق&ال&


Be in Allah’s Care

Thank you and May God Bless you.

Dr. A.S. Hashim

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Nahjul Balaaghah about Inciting Discord By A.S. Hashim. MD