Namakanje v SlovenijiIrrigation in Slovenia

prof. dr. Marina Pintar, univ. dipl. ing. agr. dr. Rozalija Cvejić, univ. dipl. ing. agr.dr. Matjaž Glavan, univ. dipl. ing. agr.

Univerza v Ljubljani, Biotehniška fakulteta Oddelek za agronomijomarina.pintar@bf.uni-lj.si

Seminar on Irrigation, 9th Feb. 2015, Krško

Površina njiv in vrtov (m2) na prebivalca v državah EU Area of crop and vegetable field (m2) per inhabitant in EU countries in 2007

(source Eurostat, cit. by Court of Audit of RS, 2013)

SI866 m2

EU -272094 m2

Stopnja samooskrbe s hrano v SlovenijiThe degree of self-sufficiency in agriculture in Slovenia(source: SURS, cit. by Court of Audit of RS, 2013)

vegetable

ARSO, 2007

Revizijsko poročilo o smotrnosti ravnanja RS pri preprečevanju in odpravi posledic suše v kmetijstvu

Audit report on the practice advisability in the prevention and elimination of the effects of drought in agriculture in RS

(mio EUR) (%)

Total estimated damage caused by the drought in years 2000, 2001, 2003, 2006 247,0 100,0

The costs of compensation of the droughts

85,9 35,0

The costs or prevention (e.g. irr. systems) 3,3 1,3

(Source/Vir: Court of Audit/ Računsko sodišče RS, 2007)

Delež površin, opremeljenih z namakalnimi sistemi in delež namakanih površin od kmetijskih površin v uporabi v državah EU v letu 2007

The proportion of the areas provided with irrigation systems (IrS) and the proportion of irrigated areas of agricultural land in use in the EU in 2007

(vir: Eurostat)

1.6 %

38.3

50 h

a

4.10

0 h

a, 7

.100

ha

138.

190

ha

23.3

50 h

a

MKGP (2014) 7.511 ha; 6.448 ha public IrS (app. 70, 86 %) and 1.063 ha private IrS (app. 380 , 14 %)

No of irr. systems

Area of irr. systems (ha)

Costs(mio EUR)

New irr. systems (public)

7 1.753 10,5

Renovation 2 396 1,0

New irr. systems (private)

1,0

Rural development program 2007-2013 in RS (implemented)

Rural development program 2014-2020 in RS (planned)Area of irr. systems (ha)

Costs(mio EUR)

New irr. systems 2.400 14,7

Renovation 700 1,7

Public irr. systems – 100 % of (co)fininancingPrivat irr systems – up to 30 % (co)financing

(source: Strategy for irrigation in RS (draft)

Action of the Ministry for Agriculture, Forestry and Food (MKGP) in 2013 -

Groups for irrigation in Slovenia

(1) Central group for irrigation in Slovenia8 Regional groups for irrigation in Slovenia

Members: extention service, researchers, local authorities, companies that design irrigation systems, Institute for Nature Protection, etc.

Scope:- to promote irrigation- to give information - to facilitate implementation of irr. Systems- Etc.

Q =10 l/s at high water floworQ = x 0,1 l/ 24 ur per day Small water reservoir

x 100 m3

Irrigaton from water reservoir

Primer mali namakalni sistem (MNS)

Private irr. systems - example

Sprinkler irrigation (50 %) Drip/micro-sprinkler (app. 50 %)

Irrigation technologies in Slovenia

(source: SURS, 2014)

95%

5%

sprinklingdrop by drop

Irrigated areas by method of irrigation in Slovenia

In total: 2741ha (2003)1812 ha(2005)

Tendency of the ministry for agriculture of RS

Približno 220.000 ha kmetijskih zemljišč, ki so primerna za namakanje.Approximately 220,000 ha of agricultural land suitable for irrigation .

Vodni viri za namakanje/Water sources for irrigation (Mokri) vodni zadrževalniki – omejitev morebitna druga raba vode - *Vodotoki - omejitev ekološko sprejemljiv

pretok (Qes) in morebitna druga raba vode - *Surface water – restrictions is ecologically acceptable flow (Qes) and any other water use

Podzemna voda – omejitev rezervacija za pitno vodo - *

Iztoki iz čistilnih naprav – omejitev kakovost - večinoma so znane letne količine snovi v iztoku, ne koncentracije - *

Opomba: - * potreba po pridobitvi vodnega dovoljenja

Hillel,

(Wet) water reservoirs – restriction is any other water use

Groundwater - the limitation is provision for drinking water

The effluent from WWTP - restriction is water quality- Generally known annual quantity of the substance in the effluent without concentration Note: - * the need to obtain a water permit

Vodni viri za namakanje/Water sources for irrigation in Slovenia

(source: SURS, 2014) water reimbursement in 2015- Irrigation in agriculture = 1.5 eur/1000 m3 - Drinking watrer = 63 eur/1000 m3 - Irrigation other = 91 eur/1000 m3

Ground water Surface water Water reservoir Drinking water

the need to obtain a water permit

Surface water: 62 909 ha of agricultural land potentially suitable for irrigation (3km from water body, 100 m of elevation)

Water reservoirs:32 of diff. primary use- for additional 6 770 ha

Groundwater (shallow and deep): not used amounts (some of them are reserved – e.g. for drinking water: for additional 117 950 ha

The location of potential water reservoir with the conjugated water catchment area.

(Fazarinc, 2011)

Accumulation of diffuse runoff (yet unformed riverbed) =potential source of water for small irrigation systems (up to approximately 1 ha)

Average irr. norm in Slovenia is 2.500 (500 – 4.500) m3/ha/year

Potential winter runoff in a drought year

e.g. Q =10 l/s at high water flowore.g. Q = x 0.1 l/ 24 ur per day

Small water reservoirx 100 m3

Irrigaton (directly from water course)

or from water reservoir

Primer mali namakalni sistem (MNS)

Private irr. systems - example

Irrigated area e.g. 1-2 ha

VEČ MNS 1 VNS

S

River/Reka

U2: 10 l/s (3 ha)When?

U1: 10 l/s (1 ha)When?

U3: 10 l/s (3 ha)When?

U5… U4: 10 l/s (2 ha) When?

Exaple:4 Private IrS 40 l/s - 9 ha1 Public IrS 40 l/s npr. 40 – 60 ha

VODNO DOVOLJENJE (24 ur/dan....)

WATER PERMIT(24 h/day, ...month...20 years)

More Private IrS 1 Public IrS

Primer veliki namakalni sistem (VNS) Kalce Naklo

110 ha + 155 ha (265 ha)

Public irr. system – example

Veliki namakalni sistem Kalce Naklo8 irrigation cycles/day 18 hour/day, 2 h 15 min/cycle

Q =242 l/s for 265 ha

Public irr. system Kalce Naklo

Hvala za pozornost!

(Foto: Marko Modic)