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1. What is the zenith d istance (ZX) o f the

body on the hor izon when i t is r is ing and

set t ing?

A. 45

B. 180

C. 90

D. 270

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2. If a celest ial body is at you r merid ian ,

the azimu th.

A. either south or west

B. either north or east

C. either east or west

D. either north or south

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Z

Na

HSHN

2. Lat. 20N

Dec. 20N

2. Lat. 20N

Dec. 20S

PN

PS

Q

Q

d

d

d

d

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3. A m inimum dis tance a vessel , i f

const rained by not enough sea room

shou ld pass w i th in a tropical storm is: A. 50 miles

B. 80 miles

C. 250 miles D. 100 miles

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APPROX. DIST. RATE OF FALL OF

OF STORM BAROMETER

( INCHES / HOUR )

50 TO 80 MILES 0.12 - 0.15

80 TO 100 MILES 0.08 - 0.12

100 TO 150 MILES 0.06 - 0.08

150 TO 250 MILES 0.02 - 0.06

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4. What is the mos t impo rtant publ icat ion

for co rrect ing charts and thus keeping

them up to date?

A. Radio signals

B. Light lists

C. Notice to Mariners

D. Sailing directions

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Notices to Marinersis published weekly by

United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO)for Admiralty Charts and Publications and the

Defense Mapping Agency Hydrographic /

Topographic Center (DMAHTC) for U.S.Charts and Publications.

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5. Relat ive hum idi ty is measu red by :

A. hydrometer

B. hygrometer

C. anemometer

D. barometer

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6. The geog raph ical posi t ion o f a ship

may be determ ined by observat ion s of

ei ther f ixed objects on shore or celest ial

bodies and by p lot t ing l ines of po si t ion

ob tained from these observat ions , the

intersect ion of these two l ines represents

the exact posi t ion o f the vessel and isusual ly referred to as a:

A. dead reckoning

B. running fix

C. fix

D. DR

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s

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Pilotage (coastal navigation);

Cross bearing;

The cocked hat;

A running fix;

Dead reckoning;

Astronomical navigation;Satellite.

s

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PILOTAGE

A CONSPICUOUS OBJECT (CONSPIC)

is an object on land or at sea, which is

mentionedand describedin the pilot book.

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Cross bearings form an

intersectionof twobearing lines

thathave been taken of two

conspicuous objects.

CROSS BEARING

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If possible, a third bearing (check line)

is taken of a third conspic.

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X

X

X

As the ship isproceeding,

a triangleis formed by thetwo bearing lines and the

check line.

Cocked Hat

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When there is only oneconspicuous object,

a position f ixis made

by taking two bearings

of that same conspic

at interval.

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XCourse line

1650

380

The first bearing

is taken at 16.50 hrs;

log reading:

distance travel led =380 nautical miles.

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Course line

16 50380

X

16 55381The second bearing is taken at

16.55 hrs; log reading: distance

travelled = 381 nautical miles.(the angle between the 2 bearing

l ines must be >30 degr.)

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1650

380

16

X

55381

Course line

With the aid of a chart

divider1is measured from the

chart scaleand transferred tothe course line.

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X

1650

380

16 55381The position of the ship is at the

intersectionof the second

bearing line with the line thatruns parallel to the first

bearing line.

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sound

By Dead Reckoning is meant

finding ones position by

taking into consideration:1. Last Known Position

2. Course and Speed

3. Sea and Weather Conditions.

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s

ASTRONOMICAL NAVIGATION

With astronomical navigation

(celestial navigation)

observations are taken of the sun, the moonor the stars (celestial bodies)

with the aid of a sextant.

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SEXTANT-BEARING

The angle between a celestialbodyand the horizon is measured.

With th id f th h t d

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With the aidof the chronometer andthe tables in the nautical almanac

the ships position can be

determined.

Altitude and Azimuthof the Sun at the Horizon

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SATELLITE-BEARING

When taking a satellite bearingby means of the

Global Positioning System

a signal is transmitted from

a satellite, indicating the vesselsposition on the GPS - display.

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s

sound

With the aid of theecho sounder

the depth of the water

can be determined.

TAKING SOUNDINGS

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TAKING SOUNDINGSA signal is transmitted to

the sea bed.

This signal bounces backand is received again

by the echo sounder.

From the time elapsed

between transmission

andreceptionof the signal,the depth of the water

can be determined.

Ocean Bottom

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7. If the alt i tu de of the body is 45, what

w i l l be its zeni th distance?

A. 40 B. 50

C. 45

D. 90

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8. The stronger the pressu re gradient,

the w ind w i l l be.

A. unchanged

B. none of these

C. weaker

D. stronger

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The pressu re gradient forceis the force that is

usually responsible for accelerat ing a parcel of

ai r f rom a high atmospher ic pressure region

to a low pressure region , resu l ting in w ind. In

meteorology, pressu re gradient forcerefers to

the ho r izon tal movement of ai r.

The pressu re gradient forceacts at r ightang les to isobarsin the direct ion from high

to low pressure. The greater the pressure

differenceover a given horizontal distance, thegreater the force and hence the stronger the

wind.

Pressure Gradient Force

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Pressure Gradient ForceThe change in pressure measured across a

given distance is called a "pressure

gradient" .

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9. In tended fo r navigat ion and

ancho rage in harbors and smal l

waterways.

A. harbor charts

B. general charts

C. sailing charts

D. coastal charts

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CHART CLASSIFICATION 1.HARBOUR CHART-(1:50,000 & LARGERSCALE)USE IN HARBOUR AND SMALLERWATERWAYS.

2.COASTAL CHART-(1:50,000150,000)USEFOR INSHORE NAVIGATION,ENTERING/LEAVING HARBOURS.

3.GENERAL CHART-(1:150,000600,000)OUTSIDE OF OUTLYING REEF AND SHOALS.

4.SAILING CHART-(1:600,000 & SMALLER

SCALE)USE FOR VOYAGE PLANNING,FORSAILING BETWEEN DISTANT COASTWISEPORT.

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10. From lat 14 N thru lat 14 S, what is

the d lat?

A. 28 S B. 22 S

C. 22 N

D. 28 N

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10. Solu t ion :

Lat = 14 N

Lat = 14 S ( + )

Dlat = 28 S

Rules fo r Dlat.

Lat Same Name ( - )

Lat Diff . Name ( + )

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11. It is the direct ion in wh ich a vessel is

po inted as the angular distance from

North usually 000 at North c loc kw iseth ro ugh 360.

A. track

B. heading C. course

D. bearing

AZIMUTH The hori ontal direction or b i f

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AZIMUTH = The horizontal direction or bearing o fa celest ial po int from a terrestr ial poin t,expressed as the angular distance from a referencedirection measured from 000 clockwise to 360.

COURSE = The direct ion in w/c a vessel issteered o r intended to be steeredexpressed asangular distance from north usually from 000clockwise / counterclockwise through 360

HEADING = The horizontal direct ionin w/c shipusual ly po ints or heads at any instant, expressedin angular units from 000 clockwise to 360.

TRACK= The path o f intended travel of a ship

with respect to the Earth as drawn in the chart

TRUE

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By headingis meant:

the angle between

the fore-and-aft line

and True North.

SOUND

HEADINGTRUE

NORTH

COURSE

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sound

COURSE

Bycourse

is meant:the direction

in which the vessel

is steered.It is expressed in

degrees.

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Do not confuse

headingand

course;

HEADING AND COURSE

heading constantlychanges due to

sea- and wind

influencesandand steer ing errors.

TRACK

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sound

TRACK

The track

consists of oneor a number of

course lines

along which thenavigator

intends to proceed.WK

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13. Formation of water vapor in free

atmosphere takes p lace by the presence

o f m inu te part ic les, cal led : A. gases

B. nuclei

C. all of these D. carbons

14 M i d i h M

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14. Measu ring d istances on the Mercator

chart is done through the use of :

A. longitude scale B. latitude scale

C. speed scale

D. weighing scale

SC

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SCALE RATIO OF A LENGTH ON A CHART TO THE

ACTUAL LENGTH ON THE SURFACE OF THEEARTH.

A. REPRESENTIVE FRACTION

OR NUMERICAL SCALE( EX. 1:50,000 )

B. GRAPHIC SCALE

CHARTS ACCORDING TO SCALE:

1.SMALL SCALE - COVERS LARGE AREA

2.LARGE SCALECOVERS SMALL AREA

EXAMPLE:

15 Th t i t i i d b th

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15. The steam ing t ime acqu ired by the

vessel is 149.6 hou rs, how many days

of navigat ion d id she travel? A. 6 days 5 hours 36 minutes

B. 6 days 8 hours 35 minutes

C. 6 days 6 hours 30 minutes D. 6 days 7 hours 30 minutes

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15. Solu t ion :

149.6 / 24

Ans. 06 days 05 hours 36 minu tes

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16. This is the direct ion in which the ship

is heading

A. course B. meridional parts

C. dlat

D. dlo

Merid ional Parts = The leng th o f the arc

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Merid ional Parts = The leng th o f the arcof a meridian between the equator andag iven paral lelon a Mercator chart,

expressed in units of 1 minute of longitude atthe equator.

Difference of Lat i tude= The shorter arc o f

any meridian between the paral lel of twoplaces, expressed in angular measure.

Difference of Long i tude= The smallerang le at the poleor the shorter arc o f aparal lel between the meridian of two

placesat the equator, expressed in angularmeasure.

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17. The LMT of longitude 78 18 W is

04H 03M. Find the GMT.

A. 23H 00M

B. 23H 03M

C. 09H 00M

D. 09H 16M

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17. Solu t ion :

Long in Time = 05h 13.2m (78 18 W ) LMT = 04h 03m ( + )

GMT = 09h 16.2 m

Rules For GMT

From LMT to GMT, Long W ( + ) E ( - )

From GMT to LMT, Long W ( - ) E ( + )

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18. Compass best, error is :

A. west

B. east

C. north

D. south

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19. The ship left from latitude 42 29.7 N,

and the Dlat is 8.8 S, find the latitude

in?

A. 42 23 N

B. 42 22 N

C. 42 20.9 N

D. 42 25 N

19 S l t i

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19. Solu t ion :

Lat fr. = 42 29.7 N

Dlat. = 8.8 S ( - )

Lat in = 42 20.9 N

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20. The cons truc t ion o f charts requires

that the areas o f certain spaces on the

chart shal l have the same rat io to oneano ther as the corresponding spaces on

the surface of the earth .

A. equivalence B. convergence

C. inconvenience

D. convenience

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21. For 18 hours, a vessel steamed at

an average speed o f 10 kts . What was

the total distance? A. 200 miles

B. 100 miles

C. 300 miles

D. 180 miles

22 The chart indicates the variat ion was

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22. The chart indicates the variat ion was

3 48 W in 1996 and the annual change

is 8 W. If you use the chart in 2000, howmuch var iat ion should you apply?

A. 3 16 W

B. 4 20 W C. 4 20 E

D. 3 16 E

22 Solu tion :

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22. Solu t ion :

Variation = 3 48 W ( 1996 )

Annual Change = 8 x 4 ( 2000 ) Correction = 0 32 W

Variation = 3 48 W ( + )

Actual = 4 20 W

Variat ion

23 The co rrect ion to be app l ied to ships

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23. The co rrect ion to be app l ied to ship s

t ime to obtain the co rrespond ing

Greenw ich Meridian Time pref ixed by

plus (+) sign at Western Longi tude and

by m inus (-) sign at Eastern Longi tude.

A. longitude in time

B. zone description

C. equation of time

D. zone meridian

24 The Great Circle d istance from

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24. The Great Circle d istance from

Latitude 35 08 S, Longitude 029 26 E

to Latitude 33 16 S, Longitude 116 36

E is 4,172.7 miles and the In it ial course

is 117 T. What is the Latitude of Vertex?

A. 43 13.4 S

B. 43 18.5 S

C. 43 15.9 S

D. 44 49.1 S

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25 T i d i hi 20

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25. Two w ind pressu re system w ithin 20

- 30 Lati tu des:

A. trade wind belt B. westerlies

C. polar low belt

D. doldrum

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EQ DOLDRUMS

30N

30S

HORSE LAT.

HORSE LAT.

60N

60S

CORIOLIS FORCE

N E TRADE

S E TRADE

P. WLY

P. WLY

POLAR ELY

POLAR ELY

40 40ROARINGFORTIES

26 A vessel sails from Lat 30 13 14 N

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26. A vessel sails from Lat 30 13 14 N.

Long 125 30 20 E to Lat 45 N, Long

108 45 30 E. Find DLAT and DLO? A. 75 13 14 N / 016 44 50 W

B. 14 46 46 N / 016 44 50 W

C. 75 13 14 N / 125 44 10 E D. 14 46 46 S / 125 44 10 E

26 Solu tion :

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26. Solu t ion :

Lat 1 = 30 13 14 N

Lat 2 = 45 N Dlat = 14 46 46 N

Long 1 = 125 30 20 E

Long 2 = 108 45 30 E

Dlo = 16 44 50 W

27. Defini te pattern o f weather fo r a long

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p g

per iod of t ime.

A. all of these B. season

C. climate

D. weather

28 What is the per iodical publ icat ion s o f

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28. What is the per iodical publ icat ion s o f

astronom ical data designed pr imar i ly for

marine navigat ion?

A. Nautical Almanac

B. World Almanac

C. Notice to Mariners D. Sailing directions

29 On the Trop ic where the Earths

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29. On the Trop ic where the Earth s

def lect ing force is very s l ight , the

dom inant factor is a force wh ich

contr ibute to the tendency o f the w ind

to go o ff at a tangent to the isobars is:

A. frictional resistance force

B. centrifugal force

C. centripetal force

D. coriolis force

30 I t t i l l d l f th

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30. In ternat ional ly used value o f the

atmospher ic p ressu re in metr ic sys tem .

A. 29.92 inches B. 760 mm column of mercury

C. 14.7 lbs per square inch

D. 1,013 millibars

31. Find what course to steer from a

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31. Find what course to steer from a

p lace in lat i tude 12 17 Sand long i tude

34 29 E to latitude 12 17 Sand

longitude 79 16 E.

A. south west

B. west C. east

D. south east

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33 Visibi l i ty is affected by l iqu id

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33. Visibi l i ty is affected by l iqu id

part ic les wh ich condenses less than 0

C or 32 F in the atmosphere is called: A. mist

B. frost

C. dew D. fog

Mist = An aggregate of very small water

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Mist = An aggregate of very small water

droplets suspended in the atmosphere. It

produces a thin, grayish vei l over thelandscape. The relat ive hum idi tyis often

95%.

Dew

= Thecondensation formed dur ing

the night as a result of relatively warm area

contact ing a coo l sur face.

Fog= A visible accumulation oftiny

droplets of water formed bycondensat ion

of water vapo r in the air, with the base at

the surface of the Earth.

34. What sai l ing method should not be

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34. What sai l ing method should not be

used for d is tances more than a few

hundred m i les?

A. Plane sailing

B. Mercator Sailing

C. Parallel Sailing D. Traverse Sailing

35. If the LHA o f the sun is 270, what is

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,

the meridian ang le?

A. 90 E B. 80 E

C. 80 W

D. 90 W

MERIDIAN ANGLE = Angular distance

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MERIDIAN ANGLE Angular distance

measured East or West from the Local

Celestial Meridian ( M ) to the body up to180.

LOCAL HOUR ANGLE= Angular distance

measured Westerly from the Local Celestial

Meridian ( M ) to the body up to 360.

MMeridian Angle = 90 E

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M

m

LHA 270

Meridian Angle 90 E

S

36 The sequence of in tervals o f l igh t

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36. The sequence of in tervals o f l igh t

and darkness in which the who le

sequence being repeated ident ic al ly atregu lar interval.

A. period

B. fixed light C. rhythmic light

D. characteristic

37. Find the Great Circle dis tance from

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lat itude 03 S, long itude 134 W to

lat itude 14 S, long itude 103 W.

A. 1,909 miles

B. 1,988 miles

C. 1,899 miles D. 1,951 miles

37. Solu t ion :

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Cos. Dist = ( Cos. L1 x Cos. L2 x Cos. Dlo )

+/- ( Sin L1 x Sin L2 ) =( Cos. 3 x Cos. 14 x Cos. 31 ) +

( Sin 3 x Sin 14 )

Cos. Dist. = 0.83056 + 0.01266

Dist. = 0.84322 inv Cos.

GC Dist. = 32.52

x 60

GC Dis t. = 1,951 nm

38 How far can a ship sai l in 15 m inu tes

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38. How far can a ship sai l in 15 m inu tes

i f her speed is 18 knots?

A. 4.0 N.M

B. 4.5 N.M

C. 4.8 N.M

D. 5.0 N.M

39. The actual speed o f the vessel over

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39. The actual speed o f the vessel over

the su rface o f the earth at any g iven

time. A. speed over the ground

B. speed of intention

C. speed of advance D. speed on the water

Speed o f Advance = The speed made

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p pgood along the track or the average speedin knots w /c must be maintained dur ing a

passage to arr ived at a dest inat ion.Speed Made Good= The speedest imated by d iv id ing the last f ix and an

EPby the time between the fix and the EP.Speed on the Water= The speed obtainedby the vessel after allowing for the effects o fcu rrent , wind, waves, swel letc. It is alsoknown as Speed Made Good.

COURSE OVER GROUND

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S

soundA

B

By course over ground

is understood thecourse that the ship

will follow if no

allowances are made

for the effects caused

by wind and sea

(the vessel will end up

in C).

C

COURSE MADE GOOD

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soundA

B

By course made

goodis

understood

the course that

the ship will follow

after allow ing forthe effects caused

by w ind and sea.

40. Wind tend s to b low in circular along

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the isobar instead o f perpend icular to

the isobar, part ly due to:

A. difference in pressure and

temperature between two localities

B. difference of pressure between twolocalities

C. coriolis force

D. difference of temperature betweentwo localities

41. The course given is S 83 22 E, find

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41. The course given is S 83 22 E, find

the true course?

A. 96 39 B. 96 36

C. 96 38

D. 96 40

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1stQuadrant

AS IS

2ndQuadrant

( - ) 180

3rdQuadrant

( + ) 180

4thQuadrant

( - ) 360

N

S

EW

180 00

S 83 22E ( - )96 38

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43. The type of c louds prom inent in

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hi lly or mountainous dis t ric ts covering

the hi l l tops.

A. cumulus-nimbus

B. frontal cloud

C. orographic cloud D. cumulus

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OROGRAPHIC CLOUDS

44. If the given course is S 69 W, what

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is the true course?

A. 248 B. 249

C. 246

D. 247

45. Which of the fo l low ing pub l ications

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wou ld you refer to ob tain navigational

in format ion when enter ing a foreign port?

A. Sailing Direction

B. Coast Pilot

C. World Port Index D. Notice to Mariners

Sail ing Direct ions= A descriptive book

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containing information of coastal waters,

harbor facilities of an area.

2 K inds o f Sai l ing Direct ion

1. Enroute= consist of 37 volumes

describing features o f coast l ine, po rts and

harbors.

2. Plann ing Guide= consist of 10

volumesdescribe the general features of 8

ocean basins of the wor ld.

46. The meridian ang le o f the body is

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090 W, lati tu de is 45 S. What is the

LHA of the body?

A. 270

B. 090 W

C. 090 E D. 090

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47. The l ine of in tersect ion of a sphere

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and plane through i ts center.

A. small circle B. half circle

C. hour circle

D. great circle

PNTHE EARTH AS A SPHERE

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EQUATOR

MERIDIANS

SMALL CIRCLE

EW

PS

SEMI GREAT CIRCLE

48. Compass least , erro r is:

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48. Compass least , erro r is:

A. east

B. north

C. south

D. west

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50. The shape of the earth is:

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p

A. sphere

B. elliptical

C. circle

D. oblate spheroid

51. The rate of temperatu re decrease

i th h i ht l t i d t

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w ith height , common ly not iced at

troposphere is cal led:

A. inversion rate

B. adiabatic changes

C. lapse rate D. none of these

Adiabat ic Changes= Referring to a

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thermodynamic change of state of a system

in w/c there is no transfer of heat or mass

across the boundaries of the system. In

Adiabatic process, Compression causes

Warm ing whi le Expans ion causes

Cool ing.

Temperature Inversion= An atmospheric

condition in which the temperature

inc reases w ith inc reasing alt itude.

52. Desc ript ive term used fo r Beaufo rt

N 10 ith i d 48 55 k t i

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No.10 w ith w ind 48-55 kno ts is :

A. storm B. hurricane

C. violent storm

D. strong gale

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53. A pro ject ion o ften i l lustrated as a

l i d

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cyl inder.

A. mercator projection

B. polyconic projection

C. gnomonic projection

D. lambert conformal

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54. Wh ich of the fol low ing is the off ic ial

publ icat ion fo r the co rrect ion of charts

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publ icat ion fo r the co rrect ion of charts,

sai l ing d irect ions, l igh t l ist , etc.

A. list of radio signals

B. coast pilot

C. list of lights D. notice to mariners

55. This is the symbo l for stratus c loud.

A St

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A. St

B. Cu C. Cs

D. Ci

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57. A low form of sheet cloud

resembl ing a fog bu t not rest ing on the

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resembl ing a fog bu t not rest ing on the

ground.

A. cirrus

B. nimbus

C. stratus D. cumulus

58. The po int w h ich the Great Circle

track reaches its h ighest lat i tude

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t rack reaches its h ighest lat i tude.

A. vertex

B. rhumb course

C. vortex

D. rhumbline

59. An error o f the magnet ic compass

ca sed b the magnet ic f ield of the

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caused by the magnet ic f ield of the

earth.

A. compass

B. refraction

C. variation D. deviation

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61. A re small circ le o f the earth whose

p lane are paral lel to the p lane o f the

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p lane are paral lel to the p lane o f the

equator.

A. great circle

B. small circle

C. parallel of latitude D. equator

PNTHE EARTH AS A SPHERE

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EQUATOR

MERIDIANS

SMALL CIRCLE

EW

PS

SEMI GREAT CIRCLE

62. Your are in 120 W and your sh ip

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t ime is 2030 hrs . June 20th . Find GMT?

A. 0430 hrs / 21 June B. 1230 hrs / 20 June

C. 0430 hrs / 20 June

D. 1230 hrs / 21 June

63. Fron t replacing co ld air masses.

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A. stationary front

B. cold front

C. occluded front

D. warm front

64. The best course of act ion i f a storm

is suspected in the vic in i ty the

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is suspected in the vic in i ty, the

fo l low ing know ledge is necessary.

A. all of these

B. the bearing of the center of the storm

C. the drop of the barometric pressure D. the path of the storm

65. The art o f conduct ing a vessel in

channels harbo rs and along the coast

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channels, harbo rs and along the coast.

A. dead reckoning

B. terrestrial navigation

C. piloting

D. electronic navigation

66. If the latitu de is 47 N and the

decl ination is 18S the amplitude of

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declination is 18 S, the amplitude of

the body when set t ing is:

A. S 27 E

B. W 27 N

C. E 27 S D. W 27 S

66. Solu t ion :

Sin Ampl = Sin Dec

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Sin Ampl. = Sin Dec

Cos. Lat Sin Ampl. = Sin 18

Cos. 47

Ampl. = 0.45310 inv Sin Ampl. = W 26.94 S

67. A sh ip covers a distance of 12 m iles

in 2 hrs Find her speed?

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in 2 hrs . Find her speed?

A. 8 knots B. 6.5 knots

C. 7 knots

D. 6 knots

68. Is fo rmed by the aggregat ion o f ice

crystal

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crystal .

A. snow B. frost

C. rain

D. drizzle

69. What is the meridional parts o f

latitude 6 47 S?

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latitude 6 47 S?

A. 405.7

B. 405.2

C. 405.6

D. 405.5

How To Acquire Meridional Parts

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Meridional Parts= Lat. / 2 + 45 = Tanlog x 7915.7Lat Sin x 23.3

70. In paral lel sai l ing the difference of

long i tude can be ob tained by

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long i tude can be ob tained by

mul t ip ly ing.

A. dep. and sec. mlat

B. dep. and sine lat

C. dep. and sec. lat D. dep. and sine mlat

71. Find the GHA of A ries from the

following: GHA of star 061 34 5 and

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following: GHA of star 061 34.5 and

SHA of star 301 47.6?

A. 119 46.9

B. 240 13.1

C. 120 49.6 D. 191 49.6

71. Solu t ion :

GHA = ?

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GHA ?

SHA* = 301 47.6 GHA* = 061 34.5

SHA* = 301 47.6 ( - )

GHA = 119 46.9

( + ) 360

G

GHA * = 61 34.5

SHA * = 301 47.6

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g

S

GHA = 119 46.9

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73. The apparen t path o f the sun

around the earth

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around the earth .

A. hour angle B. ecliptic

C. ellipse

D. equinoctial

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74. A lso in the construct ion of charts

requ ires that the distances from any two

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q y

po ints to the center of the chart shal l

have the same rat io to each oth er as the

co rrespond ing distances.

A. semi-distance

B. variable distance

C. short distance

D. equidistance

75. Which of the fo l low ing publ icat ions

wou ld you refer to ob tain navigat ional

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ou d you e e to ob ta a gat o a

informat ion when enter ing a foreign

por t?

A. Light lists

B. Sailing directions

C. Radio signals

D. Notice to mariners

76. The rat io o f a given d istance on the

chart to the actual distance wh ich i t

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represents on the earth .

A. terrestrial distance

B. scales

C. measurements

D. rhumbline

77. The Great Circ le d istance from

Latitude 36 57.2 N, Longitude 006 45.7

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, g

W to Latitude 24 25.3 N, Longitude 085

02.6 W is 3,999 miles and the initial

course is 283.8 T. What is the long itude

of the vertex?

A. 039 19.5 W

B. 059 09.5 W

C. 029 09.5 W

D. 019 19.5 W

77. Solut ion:

CosLat V = Cos L1 x Sin I.C.

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= Cos 36 57.2 x Sin 76.2

= 0.776058 inv Cos

Lat V = 39.09N

Lat V = 39 05.9 N

Sin Dlo V = Cos I.C. / Sin Lat V

= Cos 76.2 / Sin 39.09

= 0.37830 inv Sin

Dlo V = 22 13.7 W Long 1 = 006 45.7 W (+)

Long V = 28 59.4 W

RULES FOR DLO OF VERTEX

DLO of vertex is the DLO from Departure

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DLO of vertex is the DLO from Departure

to the vertex. If the I.C. ang le is less than 90,then

vertex is aheadof you and in the direction

of your original DLO. If the I.C. ang le is more than 90,then the

vertex is behindand in the direction of

your DLO.

78. The alternative sail ing in l ieu o f Great

Circle to l im it the lat i tude of vertex.

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Circle to l im it the lat i tude of vertex.

A. mercator sailing B. composite sailing

C. parallel sailing

D. great circle sailing

79. This is the symbo l for cum ulus

cloud

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cloud.

A. St B. Cs

C. Cu

D. Ci

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81. From long 155 E th ru 155 W, what is

the dlong?

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g

A. 310 E

B. 050 E

C. 050 W

D. 310 W

81. Solu t ion :

Long 1 = 155 E

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Long 1 155 E

Long 2 = 155 W ( + ) Dlo = 310

(-) 360

Dlo = 50 E

82. Sai l ing method where a vessel is

due east o r west.

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A. parallel sailing

B. mercator sailing

C. traverse sailing

D. plane sailing

83. Convert 7 hrs 15 m ins. 42 secs . to

ARC.

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A. 108 45 10

B. 105 13 55

C. 108 10 30

D. 108 55 30

Convert Time to A rc

7 Hrs. 15 mins. 42 secs.

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7 Hrs. x 15 = 105 15 m / 4 = 3

0.75 m x 60 = 45

42 s / 4 = 10 0.5 x 60 = ( + ) 30

Answer = 108 55 30

84. A great c irc le at lati tu de 0.

A prime meridian

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A. prime meridian

B. poles C. equator

D. international date line

85. The three-d imens ional shape

ob tained by rotat ing an el lipse about i ts

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mino r axis.

A. ellipsoid of revolution

B. precession of the axis

C. rotation of the earth D. revolution of the earth

86. Notices to Mariners are pub l ished:

A weekly

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A. weekly

B. bi-annually

C. monthly

D. yearly

87. From position Lat. 23 21 N, Long

125 28 E, vessel proceeded through

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along the great circ le track to arr ival

position at Lat. 40 08 N, Long 175 45W. Find the Great Circle Distance?

A. 4,104 nm

B. 3,104 nm

C. 2,104 nm

D. 5,104 nm

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88. Distance along the great circle

connect ing two points .

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A. small circle distance

B. loxodromic curve

C. great circle distance

D. distance

89. The l ine o f intersect ion o f a sphere and

plane wh ich does not pass through i ts

t

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center.

A. half circle

B. great circle

C. hour circle

D. small circle

90. Find the LHA of star, i f the GHA of

the star is 81 57.3 and the longitude is

174 32 9 W

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174 32.9 W.

A. 240 24.4

B. 92 35.6

C. 267 24.4

D. 256 30.2

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M

g LONG. = 174 32.9 WLHA * = 267 24.4

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m

S

G GHA * = 81 57.3

91. A U.K . based pub l icat ion agency

which special izes in the naut ical

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publ icat ions.

A. DOD

B. DMA

C. MMDA D. UKHO

92. When the air is heated at the bo ttom ,

i t becom es:

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A. none of these

B. saturated

C. unstable

D. stable

93. Wh ich is LEAST true why there is a

non-constant rate on the apparent sunas

l t i l f f t i ?

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a celest ial reference for t ime?

A. Motion of the sun along the ecliptic is tilted

B. Revolution of the Earth on its orbit is not

constant

C. The effect of the nutation on the Earths

rotational axis

D. Rotation of the Earth on its axis is notconstant

94. It is th e sextant erro r on the index

m irror when not perpend icular to the

l f h i

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plane of the ins trument.

A. parallax error

B. index error

C. side error D. perpendicularity

ERROR OF PERPENDICULARITY

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96. Ocean average depth is:

A. none of these

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B. 2,075 feet C. 2,075 meters

D. 2,075 fathoms

97. You are in long 175 W and head ing

270, where do you change clocks?

A 172 30 E

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A. 172 30 E

B. 165 30 E

C. 172 30 W

D. 180

175 W172 30 E

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180

IDL

165 W165 E150 E 150 W

CO. =270

+1112-11-10

12 +11 +10-11

98. Type of t idal occu rrence wh ich is

character ized by a larger inequali ty in

th hi h t h i ht i b th H

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the high water heights or in both . Hence

are usual ly two h igh and low water each

day, bu t occasional ly the t ide may

become diu rnal .

A. none of these

B. diurnal

C. semi-diurnal

D. mixed type

MIXED TIDE

LARGE INEQUALITIES

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100. When the temperature decreases o r

the dens i ty o f the atmosphere inc reases,

the propagated waves are bended upward

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the propagated waves are bended upward

causing the decrease of radar hor izon.

A. none of these

B. normal refraction

C. sub- refraction

D. super-refraction

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Super Refract ion

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SUB-REFRACTION

DECREASED RANGE OF RADIO SIGNAL

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DECREASED RANGE OF RADIO SIGNAL

(ABSORBED BY COLD MOIST AIR)

MOIST & COLD

DRY & WARM

TX RX

Sub-Refract ion

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