Hng dn trin khai h thng my ch o haTrin khai NComputing L-series v vSpace trn my o Cu hnh my ch Vi x l B nh Lu tr d liu Mng Thc hin my tnh o ESXi La chn h iu hnh M chc nng h tr USB Phng nga card mng o b g b Tt chc nng t kt ni ca CD-ROM Tt Transparent Page Sharing (TPS) Cc mu my o

Tng quanNcomputing c thnh lp vi mc tiu to ra mt h my tnh bn vi gi c phi chng cho mi ngi v ng thi cng lm tng tnh kinh t ca my tnh bn. Ncomputing l cng ty o ha my tnh bn pht trin nhanh nht vi 2.5 triu my tnh bn o c trin khai ti hn 140 nc trn th gii. Nhng gii php ca Ncomputing c th c trin khai theo nhiu hng khc nhau p ng nhu cu c th ca tng b phn, t chc. Khch hng cng c th trin khai Ncomputing vi gii php c lp End-to-end (thit lp kt ni trc tip t my tnh chia s n thit b Ncomputing) hoc s dng cc gii php o ha c s h tng my ch t cc nh cung cp o ha nh Microsoft, VMWare, Citrix. Kin trc trin khai tiu chun ca Ncomputing cung cp s cn bng tt nht v tnh n gin, hiu sut v gi c. Trong kin trc ny, phn mm o ha vSpace c ci t trn mt h iu hnh chy trc tip t mt my tnh (my tnh ny c th l PC hoc Server). Trong kin trc ny vSpace s nhanh chng chuyn i my tnh thnh mt h thng a ngi dng, c th phn phi ti nguyn n cho 30 my tnh o cng chy chung mt lc i vi sn phm trong dng L ca Ncomputing.

i vi nhng ng dng i hi tnh linh hot, kh nng m rng v kh nng qun l tt th Ncomputing cung cp gii php trin khai h thng trn cc my ch vi c s h tng c o ha, s dng my o v phn mm qun l cc my o. Trong kin trc ny, phn mm vSpace s c chy trn mt my tnh, vi mt h iu hnh c ci t trong mt my o. Thit lp ny gip cho mt my vt l c th chy c nhiu my ch vSpace dn n mt nn tng my ch vt l s c th p ng c mt s lng ln ngi s dng (trn 100 ngi). Hn na, my ch o vSpace c th c qun l bng nhng cng c qun l thng dng gip cho nhng ngi qun l IT c thm tnh linh hot v kh nng kim sot tt hn. Phng php ny c xem l mt phng tin hiu qu ca vic hp nht cc my ch. Trin khai gii php Ncomputing vi c s h tng o ha my ch cng cung cp nhiu li ch hn l vi m hnh truyn thng. Thm ch khi trin khai m hnh truyn thng th vic trin khai s phc tp v i hi s cn thn nhiu hn nu mun c c mt gii php hiu qu. Ti liu ny l mt ci nhn s b cho nhng ai d nh trin khai Ncomputing vSpace v nhng sn phm ca dng L trong mi trng o ha. N c vit cung cp phng php trin khai trn h thng o ha ESXi ca VMware. Nhng h thng qun l o ha khc nh Microsoft Hyper-V v Citrixs XenServer cng c th s dng Ncomputing, tuy nhin ESXi l mt h qun l o ha hng u c s dng trn cc my ch nhiu nht trn th trng hin nay, v vy h h qun l o ha ny s l trung tm ca ti liu hng dn. Tuy nhin, nhiu hng dn trin khai trong ti liu ny cng c th p dng cho cc h thng o ha khc.

Ti liu ny cung cp mt ci nhn tng quan v k thut chnh c th trin khai thnh cng mt h thng my tnh o vi sn phm ca Ncomputing, v n cng bao gm nhng hng dn gip ti u ha hiu xut ca my ch o ha v nhng phin lm vic ca ngi s dng. Trc khi bt u, bn nn lm quen vi nhng hng dn s dng dng sn phm L ca Ncomputing. Nhng hng dn ny c th c tm thy trn mc Support ca website : www.ncomputing.com

Ch :Do s phc tp ca cc h thng qun l o ha v chng trnh qun l my o, mi vic trin khai vi phn mm my ch o ha s ch ng trong mt trng hp. Nhng li khuyn v th thut trong ti liu ny s khng th p dng cho mi trng hp c. Nu bn khng quen vi cu hnh my ch, o ha my tnh bn hoc trin khai mt h thng ln th bn nn cn mt li khuyn t nhng ngi chuyn gia c kinh nghim o ha.

Cu hnh my chKhi la chn phn cng cho my tnh o, iu quan trng nht l phi d kin c cc trng hp s dng. Mt mi trng h tr mt s lng ln ngi s dng i hi ngun ti nguyn nhiu hn so vi mi trng t ngi s dng. V iu cng tng t trong mi trng m cc yu cu v i hi ca ngi s dng phc tp hn. Phn sau y s tho lun v cc phn cng d phng khc nhau trong mt h thng my ch o. Nhng ngh ny ch mang tnh c lng, v cc nhu cu khi trin khai thc t S rt khc nhau. Ch rng nhng ngh ny s khng bao gi vt qu 80% vic s dng ti nguyn my ch, iu cng c ngha l ngi s dng s t c tc nhanh hn 25% so vi h mong i.

Vi x lNgy nay, mt my tnh c nhn tm trung thng c mt vi x l trong tm t 2.42.6 GHz. Mt ngi s dng thng th ch s dng mt phn nh ca sc mnh x l ny, ngoi tr nhng qu trnh x l i hi tnh chuyn su. Trong hu ht mi trng hp s dng n gin, tm 600-800 Mhz l cung cp cho cho mt ngi s dng. Trong nhng trng hp i hi x l cao hn, v d nh nghe nhc, cc chng trnh a phng tin hay x l hnh nh th con s ny c nng ln t 1.0 1.2 Ghz.

Khi nhn con s ny vi s ngi s dng th bn s c c mt c tnh s b cho nhu cu trin khai h thng ca bn. Trong mt vi trng hp, nhng nhu cu ny c th c p ng bi mt my ch vt l, nhng c nhng trng hp i hi phi c mt cm 2 hoc nhiu my ch mi c th p ng nhu cu cho ngi s dng. Khi tnh ton kh nng ca mt vi x l, ta nhn tc ca vi x l cho s lng li vt l. Nu vi x l c h tr a lung th ta thm vo 25% sc mnh cho n. Sau y l vic tnh ton mt VXL 4 nhn siu phn lun tc 3.0 Ghz : 3.0 GHz x4 li x 1.25 (HT) = 15.0 GHZ = 12-25 ngi dng (ty vo tng trng hp s dng)

B nhNcomputing lm tng ng k hiu sut s dng b nh trong mi trng mi ngi 1 h iu hnh. V nh vy, n i hi phi cung cp y b nh (t 23GB RAM) cho mi 10 ngi s dng. R rng l nhng gi tr ny s thay i nhiu ty thuc vo loi ng dng m ngi dng s dng. Nhng chng trnh nh hng n b nh nhiu nh chng trnh chnh sa nh hoc phim s cn phi c mt s xem xt c bit.

Lu tr d liuVn lu tr trn a thng c b qua trong vic trin khai mt my tnh bn, nhng n nhanh chng tr thnh mt nt tht c chai nghim trng trong vn s dng my tnh o. Thay v tnh dung lng a bng Gigabytes, hoc o tc a th my ch o i hi phi xem xt IOPS (Input/Output operations Per Second kh nng x l d liu vo/ra trong mi giy ca cng). Mt cng SATA ca my bn c th cung cp t 80 n 100 IOPS, v mt ngi dng trung bnh s s dng t 5 n 10 IOPS. Da trn , bn c th tnh ton mt cch lp tc bao nhiu lun truy cp c th s dng cng lc khi bn kt ni t 15 n 20 ngi dng vo my ch. Gii php ny thng c thc hin trong mi trng lu tr RAID. Di y l mt vi im xem xt khi quyt nh loi RAID no s c s dng, nhng vic cui cng l bn s chn gii php lu tr no t hiu qu tt nht. Read/write IOPS : trong mt mi trng o, him khi no c s cn bng gia read IOPS v write IOPS. Tht vy, n 80% hot ng ca cng l ghi, v iu ny rt quan trng xem st khi tnh ton loi RAID no c s dng. IOPS Penalty : nhng loi RAID c s dng c th gy nh hng n IOPS ca cng, kt qu l lm IOPS suy gim khi thm nhiu cng.

Tnh ton RAID IOPS : h tr 50 ngi dung (t 250 n 500 IOPS), my ch cn phi cung cp khon 600 IOPS. tnh ton tr ca RAID, chng ta ly 80% ca tng s IOPS (480 IOPS) nhn cho h s Writes Used, sau cng chng vo s Read IOPS cn li (120). V kt qu ca n s l s IOPS m chng ta cn RAID 1: (480 x 2) + 120 = 1,080 IOPS 12 SATA Drives RAID 5: (480 x 4) + 120 = 2,040 IOPS 23 SATA Drives RAID 6: (480 x 6) + 120 = 3,000 IOPS 34 SATA Drives

MngKhi xc nh nhu cu trin khai h thng mng, iu quan trng l ta phi bit l khi s dng cc sn phm dng L th hot ng mng s c 2 lung d liu khc nhau. u tin l lung d liu giao tip gia vSpace trn my ch vi thit b Ncomputing. Da trn tng loi sn phm v phng php s dng, h thng mng c th dao ng t 100 kbps n 10 hay 15 Mbps cho mi thit b c kt ni. Hy xem bng bn di nm r hn :

Lung d liu th 2 ca lu lng mng l gia my ch v ton b h thng mng. Lu lng ny c tnh ton mt cch kh d dng, v cch tnh ca n s tnh gn ging nh ngi s dng ang ngi trn nhng my tnh ring bit (thng l khng qu 10 Mbps). Khi lp k hoch thit k mng, hy nh nhng iu ny: Khi nhng mng con ang c s dng th phi chc chn rng cc thit b ca dng L ca NComputing v my ch tng ng ca n c t trong cng mt VLAN hoc mt mng con. iu s gip m bo rng tt c cc tnh nng ca sn phm da trn UDP c th hot ng bnh thng (i vi vic giao tip v qun l thng tin gia my ch o vSpace v cc thit b)

S dng t nht 1 card mng Gigabit trn my ch v s dng switch hoc router c h tr cng Gigabit kt ni n cc thit b Ncomputing L. iu ny gip ngn chn vic nghn c chai v mt d liu, ng thi lm tng tnh n nh ca kt ni.

Ch : Cc thit b dng L ca Ncomputing c trang b cng kt ni 100 Mbps vkhng th chy vi cng Gigabit. Tuy nhin, kt ni gia my ch phi cn n tc Gigabit ngn chn vic tht c chai v mt d liu. S dng Switch c chc nng qun l hoc t pht hin cng mng 10/100/1000 Mbps s gip m bo rng cc thit b Ncomputing khng b trn gi vi lun d liu gigabit khi m my ch vSpace c chy ch gigabit. Chc chn rng chc nng Jumbo Frames c tt trong h thng mng. Chc nng ny c th dn n vn mt n nh cho cc thit b dng L ca NComputing. ci thin hiu nng cho h thng mng, hy s dng nhng card mng ring bit v/hoc nhng kt ni mng ring bit gi v nhn tnh hiu t vSpace n cc thit b dng L (Tch ring lu lng mng ny ra khi ton h thng mng). iu ny gip trnh khi cc xung t v tht c chai khi truyn nhiu loi lu lng mng khc nhau, chng hn nh giao tip ra internet hoc truyn ti tp tin trn mng.

Nu nhiu my ch vSpace c s dng kt ni thit b ca dng L thng xuyn th phi chc rng cc my ch ny c th giao tip vi h thng my ch ng k s dng ca Ncomputing. Giao tip ny s dng giao thc TCP trn cng 3630, v my ch c a ch l register.ncomputing.com

Ch : nu Background Activation c m, th tin trnh s din ra mt cchlng l, khng cn i hi nhp bt c g khi mt thit b mi c kt ni.

Thc hin my o ESXiBy gi bn c ng cu hnh ca my ch o, bc tip theo l phi quyt nh xem lm th no phn chia ti nguyn hp l vo cc my o ring bit. Vi my ch vt l vSpace, chng ta thng s c gng hn ch n mc thp nht ti nguyn cho mi my con. Tuy nhin, xu hng cn bng li thng t c thy trn cc my o. i vi trng hp nhu cu s dng a phng tin thp th cc thng s sau c th p ng c. Bn phi kim tra my ch ca mnh ch ti cao m bo mi ti nguyn c phn b ng u v ko b qu ti. 2 CPU o 2-3 GB RAM 8-10 ngi s dng (s lng s t hn nu s dng a phng tin)

La chn h iu hnhNcomputing h tr rt nhiu h iu hnh ca Windows, cng nh Ubuntu. Hy tm vSpace OS Support Matrix bng cch tm OS support ti website ncomputing.com/kb trc khi quyt nh chn loi h iu hnh no s c trin khai.V cng nn c cn thn trang ncomputing.com/mslicensing bit thng tin v bn quyn trn mi trng a ngi dng trong Windows

Bt chc nng h tr USBMc nh, khi ci t Windows trn ESX Virtual Machine th n s khng h tr chc nng USB. V vy tt c cc thit b ca dng L s khng c chc nng USB cho n khi trnh iu khin ca n c thm vo Windows Phng php thm chc nng USB thm vo khi ang to my o Trong qu trnh to ra mt my o trn ESXi th ngi qun tr c th chn thm vo mt cng USB o n my o. Bc ny c xem nh l bc cui trong vic to my o, v n c minh ha nh hnh di :

Phng php thm USB 2 Thm chc nng USB vo mt my o c sn Nu bn mun thm chc nng USB vo mt my o to sn, ta c th lm iu theo nh hnh sau :

Phng nga card mng o b g bTrong mt vi trng hp, ESXi s t card mng o ca my tnh o trn thanh h thng trong h iu hnh, v n c th b g b thng qua Safely Remove Hardware. Nu card mng c t ch ny, bn c th phng nga s g b khng mong mun bng cch lm nh sau : Kt ni my trm vSphere n my ch ESXi hoc vCenter Tt my trm o Nhp chut phi vo my o Nhp chn vo Edit Settings, sau chn th Options Nhp chn vo General, sau vo Configuration Parameters, chn Add Row Thm vo mt dng mi vi tn l devices.hotplug v gi tr l false M li my trm o

Tt chc nng t kt ni ca a CD-ROMVic tt chc nng t kt ni ca my o n CD-ROMs ca my tnh tht gip trnh c vic my tnh o chy mt s lng ln tin trnh khng mong mun, gip tit kim c nhiu ti nguyn cho my ch.

Tt chc nng Transparent Page Sharing (TPS)Mc d TPS c th cung cp mt s li ch trong vic s dng dung lng b nh, nhng chng ti khuyn bn nn tt n i v mt s vn n gy ra cho Vmkernel ca mi my tnh vSpace ESX m bn ang chy Bn c th tt chc nng ny trong b chnh sa ca vSphere trn my tnh o

u tin, t vSphere editor, ta m Setting cho my tnh o ging nh phn trn. Sau , chn th Options and Configure Parameters

Chnh gi tr ca Sched.mem.pshare.enable sang false

My o muTo ra cc my o mu c sp sp hp l v ti u ha chng l qu trnh quan trng m bn phi i mt. iu ny c th vt ra ngoi nhng kin trc m bn tng bit. Vic tn dng nhng mu c sn ca Vmware gip bn c th to ra nhng h thng o mnh m v d qun l. Di y l mt s mu tt nht dnh cho vic to v qun l my o.