Next Generation Networks – Mobile Netze der 4. Generation · Next Generation Networks – Mobile Netze der 4. Generation Neuss, ... UMTS R99:

11

Klingenhofstrasse 58, 90411 Nuremberg / Germany

Next Generation Networks –Mobile Netze der 4. Generation

Neuss, 05.04.2005

Bernhard KuhnGeschäftsbereichsleiter

Training & Consulting Telecommunication Networks

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NextGenerationNetworks –

Mobile Netze der 4.

Generation

Intro

HSDPA

WiMAX

HIPERLAN

MIMO

802.11n

MB-OFDM

UWB

UMA

Summary

Since 1994, independent training providerSince 2004, member of Grundig-Akademie-Gruppe

Training centers in Nuremberg and HamburgCore staff per 2004: ~50 (GAG: 135)Turnover per 2004: ~5,0m € (GAG: 14m €)DIN EN ISO 9001 certification since 1993ETSI, 3GPP, EFQM member

Who we are

TrainingInformationTechnology& Projects

TrainingTelecommsNetworks& Projects

TrainingHR Skills

OrganizationDevelopment

22

Current Status:2.5G / 3G Public Mobile Networks

Overview

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Mobile Netze der 4.

Generation

Intro

HSDPA

WiMAX

HIPERLAN

MIMO

802.11n

MB-OFDM

UWB

UMA

Summary

Public Mobile Data: Status quo 2005

Wireless

Voice SMS MMS Video

Text Image Sound Video

InternetConverged

GSM: 9.6 / 14.4....57.6kbps (HSCSD)– Globally available

GPRS: ~53kbps packet-switched– Globally available

UMTS R99: <384kbps p-s– Restricted availability

EDGE: ~120kbps p-s– In the Americas– “silent” introduction to European GSM networks in rural areas

802.11a/b/g: <11 / 54kbps p-s– Hotspots only

Insufficient data rates for mass-market mobile data!

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Mobile Netze der 4.

Generation

Intro

HSDPA

WiMAX

HIPERLAN

MIMO

802.11n

MB-OFDM

UWB

UMA

Summary

NGN Access Technology Candidates

Session Objective:clarify acronyms andprovide an overview on NGN technology features

HIPERLANIEEE

802.11nWiMAX

UMA UWB

MB-OFDM

HSDPA

MIMO

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Mobile Netze der 4.

Generation

Intro

HSDPA

WiMAX

HIPERLAN

MIMO

802.11n

MB-OFDM

UWB

UMA

Summary

The Problem

Higher data transfer rates in wireless systems require– more frequency spectrum or– higher order modulations or– higher spectral efficiency or– a combination of theseLimited spectrum and requirements of excellent Bit Error Rates (BER) call for enhanced spectral efficiencyAt the same time, new wireless transmission systems must coexist with already installed systems without interferenceEasy interconnection to existing core networks– Standard interfaces

44

3.5G - HSDPAHigh-speed Downlink Packet Access

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Mobile Netze der 4.

Generation

Intro

HSDPA

WiMAX

HIPERLAN

MIMO

802.11n

MB-OFDM

UWB

UMA

Summary

Motivation for HSDPA

HSDPA is a 3GPP release 5 feature for UMTS FDD/TDDMain focus: Data communication @ 10Mbps– Background Services: email delivery, file download, telematics– Interactive Services: web browsing, data base retrieval, server

access– Streaming Services: audio / video streamingMobility: 0-30 km/h (pedestrian – low speed vehicular)

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Mobile Netze der 4.

Generation

Intro

HSDPA

WiMAX

HIPERLAN

MIMO

802.11n

MB-OFDM

UWB

UMA

Summary

HSDPA Key Features (1)

Shared Channel transmission– Channelization codes and transmission power in a cell are

dynamically shared between users– A new transport channel High Speed Downlink Shared Channel

(HS-DSCH) is introducedAdaptive modulation and coding (AMC)– Adaptation of transmission parameters to radio conditions and

terminal capability– Modulation schemes:

• 16QAM (Quadrature Amplitude Modulation): UE capability• QPSK (Quadrature Phase Shift Keying): mandatory for UE

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Mobile Netze der 4.

Generation

Intro

HSDPA

WiMAX

HIPERLAN

MIMO

802.11n

MB-OFDM

UWB

UMA

Summary

HSDPA Key Features (2)

Hybrid automatic-repeat-request (HARQ)– Improving robustness against link adaptation errors– UE rapidly requests retransmissions of erroneously received

data– UE can combine information from the original transmission with

that of later retransmissions (Soft Combining)Fast scheduling in the Node B instead of RNC– Moving scheduling and processing of retransmissions closer to

air interface– New MAC-hs (Medium Access Control – high speed) protocol

entity in the Node BShort transmission time interval of 2ms– Accelerating packet scheduling for transmission

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Mobile Netze der 4.

Generation

Intro

HSDPA

WiMAX

HIPERLAN

MIMO

802.11n

MB-OFDM

UWB

UMA

Summary

Server RNC Node B

UE

RLC retransmissionsTCP retransmissions

MAC-hsretransmissions

Retransmissions in HSDPARetransmissions in HSDPA

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Mobile Netze der 4.

Generation

Intro

HSDPA

WiMAX

HIPERLAN

MIMO

802.11n

MB-OFDM

UWB

UMA

SummaryUE

Node B

RNC

Rel’99 DCH/DSCH Rel’5 HS-DSCH

Packet Retransmission

RLC ACK/NACK

Retransmission

L1 ACK/NACK

Packet

Rel’99 vs. HSDPA Retransmission handling

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Mobile Netze der 4.

Generation

Intro

HSDPA

WiMAX

HIPERLAN

MIMO

802.11n

MB-OFDM

UWB

UMA

Summary

Hybrid ARQ – Definitions

HSDP

A

ARQ (Automatic Repeat Request)– Receiver detects errors and requests retransmissions of erroneous

packets

HARQ / Hybrid-ARQ– Typ I: Coding is applied to transmission packets– Typ II: retransmission of packet information with additional or

incremental redundancy (re-transmission is not self-decodeable)– Typ III: retransmission of packet information is self-decodeable but

could be send with less power

Incremental Redundancy– Information and a selected number of parity bits are transmitted.– If transmission was not successful, transmitter sends additional selected

parity bits and receiver combines new bits with those previouslyreceived.

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Mobile Netze der 4.

Generation

Intro

HSDPA

WiMAX

HIPERLAN

MIMO

802.11n

MB-OFDM

UWB

UMA

Summary

Packet Scheduling

•Packet scheduler is located in the Node-B•Opens up for “fast scheduling” optimized according to the current channel conditions•Can yield large gain at cell and user levels. •Multi-user diversity = selection diversity among the active users

•Packet scheduler is located in the Node-B•Opens up for “fast scheduling” optimized according to the current channel conditions•Can yield large gain at cell and user levels. •Multi-user diversity = selection diversity among the active users

UE2

Channel quality(CQI, Ack/Nack, TPC)

Channel quality(CQI, Ack/Nack, TPC)

Data

Data

UE1

Multi-user selection diversity(give shared channel to “best” user)

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Mobile Netze der 4.

Generation

Intro

HSDPA

WiMAX

HIPERLAN

MIMO

802.11n

MB-OFDM

UWB

UMA

Summary

MAC-hs Protocol Entity – Protocol Stack

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Mobile Netze der 4.

Generation

Intro

HSDPA

WiMAX

HIPERLAN

MIMO

802.11n

MB-OFDM

UWB

UMA

Summary

HSDPA Functionality Enhancements in Node B (1)

Terminal 1 (UE)

Terminal 2

L1 Feedback

L1 Feedback

Data

Data

Fast schedulingdone directlyby Node B (BTS) basedon knowledge of:- UE's channel

quality- UE's capability- QoS demands- Power and code

resource availability- Node B buffer status

Users may be time and/or code multiplexed

Absolute Peak Data Rate 14.4Mbps

Typical User data rate 2-3Mbps

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Mobile Netze der 4.

Generation

Intro

HSDPA

WiMAX

HIPERLAN

MIMO

802.11n

MB-OFDM

UWB

UMA

Summary

UENode BRNC

PacketsScheduler

& BufferARQ & Coding

ACK/NACK & Feedback Decoding

Flow Control

New Node B functions:Scheduler: Terminal scheduling, Coding & Modulation selection (16QAM as new modulation)ARQ Retransmissions HandlingUplink Feedback Decoding Flow Control towards SRNC

HSDPA Functionality Enhancements in Node B (2)

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Mobile Netze der 4.

Generation

Intro

HSDPA

WiMAX

HIPERLAN

MIMO

802.11n

MB-OFDM

UWB

UMA

Summary

FDD HS-DSCH Physical Layer Categories for UEs

1.80.9

(14.0) 14.4

(10.1) 10.8

7.2

7.2

3.6

3.6

1.8

1.8

1.2

1.2

MaxData Rate

(Mbps)

2880014400

172800

172800

134400

115200

67200

57600

38400

28800

28000

19200

HARQ Memory

(bits)

QPSKQPSK

16QAM & QPSK

16QAM & QPSK

16QAM & QPSK

16QAM & QPSK

16QAM & QPSK

16QAM & QPSK

16QAM & QPSK

16QAM & QPSK

16QAM QPSK

16QAM & QPSK

Supported Modulations

3630151236302511

2795211510

202511159

144111108

144111107

7298156

7298155

7298254

7298253

7298352

7298351

MaxTB size(bits)

Inter-TTI Interval

Max # ofHS-PDSCH

Codes

Cat

1010

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Mobile Netze der 4.

Generation

Intro

HSDPA

WiMAX

HIPERLAN

MIMO

802.11n

MB-OFDM

UWB

UMA

Summary

HSDPA boosts Mobile Data Download

780

390

120

40

0 200 400 600 800 1000

DL M

edia

sec.

HSDPAUMTSISDNGPRS

DL object: ~3MB MP3 audio file

Source: Funkschau 2/2005

Only 5% ofGPRS DL time

Observed Average Data Rates::GPRS: 30kbpsISDN: 64kbpsUMTS: 200bkpsHSDPA: 600kbps

WLL Revival:WiMAX

Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access

TOP Business AGKlingenhofstrasse 58, D-90411 Nuremberg / Germany

1111

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TT / BKU, DECUS05, V1.0, 28.03.2005


Mobile Netze der 4.

Generation

Intro

HSDPA

WiMAX

HIPERLAN

MIMO

802.11n

MB-OFDM

UWB

UMA

Summary

The “Last Mile” (or the “First Mile”)– Fast local broadband connection to network, <70Mbps,

<30km– Data, voice, videoEvery customer wants it– Business– SoHo– ResidentialEvery operator wants it– Not just telephone & cable companiesHigh-capacity cabling to every user is expensiveWiMAX = “WLL No.2” or “High-speed Wireless DSL”

Broadband Access

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Mobile Netze der 4.

Generation

Intro

HSDPA

WiMAX

HIPERLAN

MIMO

802.11n

MB-OFDM

UWB

UMA

Summary

International– 3.5 GHz– 10 GHzU.S.– 2.5-2.7 GHzLicense-Exempt Bands– 5.725-5.825 GHz (“U-NII” in U.S.)– 2.4 GHz ISM-Band

• Wireless LANs– 59-64 GHzLOS – NLOS Problem

Centimeter-Wave Bands

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Mobile Netze der 4.

Generation

Intro

HSDPA

WiMAX

HIPERLAN

MIMO

802.11n

MB-OFDM

UWB

UMA

Summary

WiMAX System Architecture

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Mobile Netze der 4.

Generation

Intro

HSDPA

WiMAX

HIPERLAN

MIMO

802.11n

MB-OFDM

UWB

UMA

Summary

Wired:– 802.3 (Ethernet, 10 Gbps approved in June 2002)– 802.17 (Resilient Packet Ring)Wireless:– 802.11: Wireless LAN

• Local Area Networks– 802.15: Wireless PAN

• Personal Area Networks, incl. Bluetooth, ZigBee, UWB– 802.16: Wireless MAN™

• Metropolitan Area Networks• WiMAX: Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access

- 802.20: MB-OFDM• Vehicular Mobility

IEEE 802 – The LAN / MAN Standards Committee

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Mobile Netze der 4.

Generation

Intro

HSDPA

WiMAX

HIPERLAN

MIMO

802.11n

MB-OFDM

UWB

UMA

Summary

Medium MediumPhysical

Data Link

Network

Transport

Session

Presentation

Application

Physical

Logical Link Control---------------------------------

Medium AccessControl

UpperLayer

Protocols

OSI ReferenceModel

IEEE 802

~ ~LLC ServiceAccess PointLSAP

Scopeof

IEEE 802Standards

Scope of IEEE 802 Standards

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Mobile Netze der 4.

Generation

Intro

HSDPA

WiMAX

HIPERLAN

MIMO

802.11n

MB-OFDM

UWB

UMA

Summary

WiMAX PHY Considerations

OFDM technologySub-ChannelizationDirectional antennasTransmit and receive diversityAdaptive modulationError correction techniques– FEC– ARQPower control

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Mobile Netze der 4.

Generation

Intro

HSDPA

WiMAX

HIPERLAN

MIMO

802.11n

MB-OFDM

UWB

UMA

SummaryManagement andsecurity complexitiesQoS standards not notified

Not yet avaibleNot yet avaibleDrawbacks

Internal building andpublic hot-spot deployments

Designed for portabi-lity, point-to-multipoint

Broad standard, deterministic, point-to-point and point-to-multipoint

Usage Characteris-tics

2,4 GHz and 5 GHz< 11 GHz2-66 GHzFrequencies

Enterprise, serviceproviders

WISPs, serviceproviders, carriers

Enterprise WISPs, service providers,carriers

Target Market

License exemptLicensed (futurePotential for licensedexempt

Licensed and licensedexemptLicensing

11 Mbps – 54 MbpsUp to 15 Mbps in a5 MHz channel

Up to 70 Mbps in a20 MHz channelData rate

300 ft indoor1,500 ft outdoor

Typical cell radius1-3 miles

Up to 30 miles, Typical cell radius3-5 miles

Distance

802.11802.16e802.16dProtocol

Wi-FiWIMAX 802.16eWIMAX 802.16dTechnology

Today’s 802.xy Performance (1)

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Mobile Netze der 4.

Generation

Intro

HSDPA

WiMAX

HIPERLAN

MIMO

802.11n

MB-OFDM

UWB

UMA

Summary

Today’s 802.xy Performance (2)

1-2 milesUp to 120 milesUp to 10 miles(projected)Distance

Free Space OpticsGigabit EthernetOver Fiber

IEEE 802.20Technology

Limited distancePerformance impactin poor weather

Lack of flexibiltyhigher cost

Slow standards processDrawbacks

Point-to-Point bridging accross short distance

Scalable data rates, reliability

Mobility connectivity at up to 200 mph

Usage Characteristics

N/AN/ABelow 35 GHzFrequencies

Enterprise,service provider

Enterprise, service providerService providerTarget Market

License exemptLicense exemptLicensedLicensing

Up to 1,250Mbps1,000Mbps>1MbpsData rate

Laser (no standard)802.3802.20Protocol

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Mobile Netze der 4.

Generation

Intro

HSDPA

WiMAX

HIPERLAN

MIMO

802.11n

MB-OFDM

UWB

UMA

Summary

The Flarion Solution

Flarion solution is centered on– FLASH-OFDM® (FLASH (Fast Low-latency Access with Seamless

Handoff) OFDM® (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing))– FLASH-OFDM is the culmination of a focused design effort to produce

a broadband mobile communications system utilizing standardInternet protocols (IP)

– System is this highly efficient, mobile implementation of OFDM– Flarion's Vector-LDPC® codes - an advanced and efficient forward

error correction code scheme.End-to-end network for mobile operators– includes the RadioRouter® base station product line– wireless modems– embedded chipsets– system softwareAll-IP wireless network supports– broadband data and– packetized voice

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Mobile Netze der 4.

Generation

Intro

HSDPA

WiMAX

HIPERLAN

MIMO

802.11n

MB-OFDM

UWB

UMA

Summary

Flarion Product Portfolio

1616


HIPERLAN

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Mobile Netze der 4.

Generation

Intro

HSDPA

WiMAX

HIPERLAN

MIMO

802.11n

MB-OFDM

UWB

UMA

Summary

HIPERLAN Standard (1)

ETSI Standard– European Standard, similar to GSM, DECT, etc.– Enhancement of Local Area Networks– Access to Fixed Networks– Time-critical services integrated from the beginning

HIPERLAN Standards Family– One Standard can not cover all requirements

• Range, Bandwidth, Quality of Service• General Commercial Conditions

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Mobile Netze der 4.

Generation

Intro

HSDPA

WiMAX

HIPERLAN

MIMO

802.11n

MB-OFDM

UWB

UMA

Summary

HIPERLAN Standard (2)

Specification approach

Physical Layer

Channel AccessControl Layer

Medium Access Control Layer

Physical Layer

Data Link Layer

Higher Layers

HIPERLAN Layers OSI Layers

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Mobile Netze der 4.

Generation

Intro

HSDPA

WiMAX

HIPERLAN

MIMO

802.11n

MB-OFDM

UWB

UMA

Summary

HIPERLAN Standards Family

ATM-fixed networksConventional LAN

Interface

155Mbps>20Mbps23.5MbpsData rate

Similar to ATM-fixed networksStatisticQuality of Service

Quasi-stationary<10m/sMobility

Point-to-Point wireless ATMconnections

Radio based access

networks

Access to ATM-fixed networks

Wireless LANApplication

Point-to-PointPoint-to-Multipoint

Cellular, central

Local ad-hoc infrastructure

Topology

17.2-17.3GHz5.1- 5.3GHzFrequency

Not mandatoryYesEnergy-saving arrangements

150m5,000m50-100m50mRange

directionaldirectionalomniomniAntenna

HIPERLAN 4HIPERLAN 3HIPERLAN 2HIPERLAN 1

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Mobile Netze der 4.

Generation

Intro

HSDPA

WiMAX

HIPERLAN

MIMO

802.11n

MB-OFDM

UWB

UMA

Summary

HIPERLAN 1 Features

Data transfer– Point-to-Point, Point-to-Multipoint, connnectionless– 23,5 Mbps, 1W transmission power, 2,383 Byte packet sizeServices– Asynchronous and temporary services with hierarchically

independent priorities– Compatible with ISO MACAccess topology– Infrastructure or ad hoc-networks– „Forwarding“ (handover) can be integrated in the access nodeOther mechanisms– Energy-saving mode, ciphering, check sum calculation

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Mobile Netze der 4.

Generation

Intro

HSDPA

WiMAX

HIPERLAN

MIMO

802.11n

MB-OFDM

UWB

UMA

Summary

HIPERLAN 1 – Physical Layer (1)

Standard provides 3 mandatory and 2 optional channels with the corresponding carrier frequencies– Mandatory

• Channel 0: 5,1764680GHz• Channel 1: 5,1999974GHz• Channel 2: 5,2235268GHz

– Optional (not available in some countries)• Channel 3: 5,2470562GHz• Channel 4: 5,2705856GHz

Support of high data rates of 23,5 Mbps requires a lot of energy – fatal for portable equipment– low bit rate header includes all information about the recipient of the

message– Only the concerned receiver activates reception

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Mobile Netze der 4.

Generation

Intro

HSDPA

WiMAX

HIPERLAN

MIMO

802.11n

MB-OFDM

UWB

UMA

Summary

HIPERLAN 1 – Physical Layer (2)

Frame Structure– LBR (Low Bit Rate) header with 1,4 Mbps– 450 bits for synchronisation– Minimum 1, maximum 47 data blocks of 496 bits each– For mobile station speeds over 1,4m/s the maximum data block rate

must be reduced

Modulation– GMSK for high bit rate, FSK for the LBR-header

Data1Data0SyncLBR Datam-1.......

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Mobile Netze der 4.

Generation

Intro

HSDPA

WiMAX

HIPERLAN

MIMO

802.11n

MB-OFDM

UWB

UMA

Summary

HIPERLAN 1 Channel Access Control (CAC) Sublayer

Assures that no party accesses on blocked channelsPriority scheme, access via EY-NPMA (Elimination Yield Nonpreemptive Priority Multiple Access)– 5 priority levels define quality of service (QoS)– Quality of service is converted in a prioritiy level using packet

life time– 3 phases: priority definition, competition, transmission

Syn

chro

nis

atio

n

Prio

rity

De

finiti

on

Prio

rity

Ass

ura

nce

Era

sin

g

Era

sin

g C

he

ck

Yie

ld

Pay

loa

d

TransmissionTransmission Priority Definition Competition

2020

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Mobile Netze der 4.

Generation

Intro

HSDPA

WiMAX

HIPERLAN

MIMO

802.11n

MB-OFDM

UWB

UMA

Summary

HIPERLAN 2

Application scenarios– Wireless local loop– Wireless access network for Wide Area Network - Completion to

UMTS?

Features– 5,150 – 5,350MHz, 5,470 – 5,725MHz– Data rates up to 54 Mbps– Range: 30m in buildings and 150m outside– Ad-hoc Mode (Direct Mode) and Infrastructure Mode (Centralized

Mode)– Definition of Quality of Service parameters– Definition of energy saving mechanisms

Properties comparable to 5GHz-Standards of IEEE 802.11– HIPERLAN 2 often considered as ETSI counterpart of 802.11


MIMO:Multiple Input – Multiple Output

Technology

2121

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Mobile Netze der 4.

Generation

Intro

HSDPA

WiMAX

HIPERLAN

MIMO

802.11n

MB-OFDM

UWB

UMA

Summary

MIMO Philosophy

Applying low-power spread spectrum techniques– No interference with existing systemsUtilizing robust modulation schemes– Excellent BERDividing the data stream in space and time and sending it over multiple transmission channels– High spectral efficiency

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Mobile Netze der 4.

Generation

Intro

HSDPA

WiMAX

HIPERLAN

MIMO

802.11n

MB-OFDM

UWB

UMA

Summary

MIMO Technology (1)

Multiple antennas on Base Station and Mobile Station sides

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Mobile Netze der 4.

Generation

Intro

HSDPA

WiMAX

HIPERLAN

MIMO

802.11n

MB-OFDM

UWB

UMA

Summary

MIMO Technology (2)

b) shows mobile station with multiple antennas (increased data rate)

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Mobile Netze der 4.

Generation

Intro

HSDPA

WiMAX

HIPERLAN

MIMO

802.11n

MB-OFDM

UWB

UMA

Summary

MIMO Technology (3)

Diagram shows that BER improves drastically using more antennas (L=4)

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Mobile Netze der 4.

Generation

Intro

HSDPA

WiMAX

HIPERLAN

MIMO

802.11n

MB-OFDM

UWB

UMA

Summary

MIMO Technology Implementation

Laptop computer with MIMOantenna systemSpatial distribution of 3 antennas5.2 GHzSpectral Effiency >20 bit/s/Hz– existing systems: ~2bit/s/HzData Rates 20 – 100 Mbps


IEEE 802.11n

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Mobile Netze der 4.

Generation

Intro

HSDPA

WiMAX

HIPERLAN

MIMO

802.11n

MB-OFDM

UWB

UMA

Summary

IEEE 802.11 Background

Constant increase in data throughput in wireless LAN systems requires also next generation WLANsIEEE and WiFi Alliance workgroups have set goals for this need

100 Mbps200+ Mbps802.11n

25 Mbps54 Mbps802.11a

25 Mbps (when.11b is not present)

54 Mbps802.11g

5 Mbps11 Mbps802.11b

MAC Layer Estimated DataRate

Over-the-Air (OTA) Estimated Data Rate

IEEE WLAN Standard

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Mobile Netze der 4.

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802.11n

MB-OFDM

UWB

UMA

Summary

Technology Approach (1)

Increasing Physical Transfer RateMIMOSpatial Division Multiplexing SDM (over one spectral channel)Wider bandwidth channels (e.g. 40 MHz)

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MIMO

802.11n

MB-OFDM

UWB

UMA

Summary

Technology Approach (2)

Improving transfer efficiencyNew MAC featuresReduced overhead load (simpler Aggregate Exchange Sequences)Backward compatibility to 802.11a/b/g devicesCompatibility with OFDM modulation schemes

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MIMO

802.11n

MB-OFDM

UWB

UMA

Summary

Standardization Status

At this time, there are 2 different groups working on high throughput data rate:– TGn Sync task group and– WWiSE (World Wide

Spectrum Efficiency)Decision which approach will be followed is due in summer 2005Standard will still require several years for detailed approval

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MB-OFDM:Multi-band Orthogonal Frequency

Division Multiplexing

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UMA

Summary

Use of Multimedia Terminals

At 2008 high-end camera phone withseveral megapixel sensor, several gigabytes of storage, video editing capabilityvideo super distribution capability

Display & print Internet

Fast IP access

Synchronisation, downloading content sharing

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MIMO

802.11n

MB-OFDM

UWB

UMA

Summary

MBOA – MB-OFDM Alliance

Requirements– Coexistence with other wireless systems – Worldwide standard– Outstanding radio performance

The Multi-band OFDM proposal is based on– proven OFDM technology used in IEEE 802.11a/g & WiMAX– Achieves data rates of 53 to 480Mbps– Support for 4 to 16 simultaneous piconets– Spectrum easily sculpted for international regulatory domain

compliance– Is easily extensible for future range/rate improvements

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HIPERLAN

MIMO

802.11n

MB-OFDM

UWB

UMA

Summary

Coexistence Features

OFDM provides low emission levels – Rec. level ca. –76 dBm/MHz at cellular bands

MB-OFDM enables interference avoidance techniques including transmitter and receiver– Enables avoidance at 528MHz resolution – Sub-carrier nulling easily achieved

MB-OFDM good for narrowband interference mitigation in receivers to deal with spurious emissions in multi-radio devices

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HSDPA

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MIMO

802.11n

MB-OFDM

UWB

UMA

Summary

MB-OFDM Key Features

MB-OFDM is robust technology being able to capture the most channel energy MB-OFDM complexity and power consumption are highly understood as based on well-known technology

MB-OFDM is the strongest candidate as a WW standard due to wide industry supportDirectly competes with DS-UWB

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MIMO

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MB-OFDM

UWB

UMA

Summary

MB-OFDM Frame Format

Preamble– Deterministic sequence– Allows packet detect and piconet identification

Header– Encoded at 53 Mbps– Contains reserved bits for future extensions

Payload– Coded at 53 to 480 Mbps

Each frame contains multiple OFDM symbols

Preamble PHYHeader

MACHeader HCSTail

BitsTailBits

PadBits

Frame PayloadVariable Length: 0 - 4095 bytes

PadBits

TailBitsFCS

53.3 Mb/sPLCP Header 53.3*, 80, 110*, 160, 200*, 320, 400, 480 Mb/s * - Mandatory Rates

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UWB:Ultra Wide-Band Systems

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MB-OFDM

UWB

UMA

Summary

UWB Objectives

Effective build-up of wireless ultra high-speed data connections between devices in a Private Area Network (PAN) including– home theater environment without cables – live multimedia content share between televisions – Instantaneously image transfer from a digital camera to another

device– quick synchronization of ultra high capacity digital audio players Transmission range flexible between 100 Mbps and 2 GbpsNo interference with existing wireless systemsLow cost, low power devices for mass market purposesFCC approved– NTIA appoach

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Mobile Netze der 4.

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HIPERLAN

MIMO

802.11n

MB-OFDM

UWB

UMA

Summary

UWB Technology (1)

1.6 1.9 2.4

Bluetooth,802.11bCordless PhonesMicrowave Ovens

GP

S

PC

S

5

802.11a

-41 dBm/MHz“Part 15 Limit”

UWB Spectrum

Frequency (Ghz)

EmittedSignalPower

10.63.1

Frequency range and transmit power limitation– Almost 7,5 GHz of spectrum available– DS-Spread Spectrum technology– Low transmit power avoids interference with coexisting systems

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Mobile Netze der 4.

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MIMO

802.11n

MB-OFDM

UWB

UMA

Summary

UWB Technology (2)

7.5 GHz of “free spectrum” in the U.S.– FCC recently legalized UWB for

commercial use– Spectrum allocation overlays existing

users, but its allowed power level is very low to minimize interference

Very high data rates possible– 500 Mbps can be achieved at distances of

10 feet under current regulationsSimple CMOS transmitters at very low power is suitable for battery-operated devicesLow cost

– Integration of more components on a chip (e.g. antennas)

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UWB

UMA

Summary

Future of UWB

Technology still needs further developmentWorldwide frequency assignments necessaryPromising technology for very short range applications (< 10 m)Promoted in IEEE802.15 (Bluetooth TSG)Best performance for very high throughputProven Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum radio partIn case of mass production, the ultimate solution for home PANs and elimination of wired solutionsNot likely to be used in public applications

UMA:Unlicensed Mobile Access

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UMA

Summary

UMA Key Features (1)

Unlicensed Mobile Access (UMA) technology enables access to GSM and GPRS mobile services over unlicensed spectrum, including Bluetooth™ and WiFi™Highlights of UMA Technology:– Seamless delivery of mobile voice and data services over

unlicensed wireless networks – Provides the same mobile identity on Cellular RAN and

unlicensed wireless networks – Seamless transitions (roaming and handover) between Cellular

RAN and unlicensed wireless networks– Preserves investment in existing / future mobile core network

infrastructure

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UWB

UMA

Summary

UMA Key Features (2)

Independent of underlying unlicensed spectrum technology (e.g., WiFi™, Bluetooth™) Transparent to existing, standard CPE devices (e.g. access points, routers and modems)Utilizes standard “always on" broadband IP access networks, e.g., DSL, Cable, T1/E1, Broadband Wireless, FTTH…Security equivalent to current GSM mobile networks No impact to operations of Cellular RAN, e.g., spectrumengineering, cell planning,…

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MB-OFDM

UWB

UMA

Summary

UMA Functional Architechture

UMA Network (UMAN) consists of– one or more access points (AP)– one or more UMA Network Controllers (UNCs)– interconnected through a broadband IP network.

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UWB

UMA

Summary

UMAN Architecture Features (1)

New Access Points (AP)– provide the radio link to the mobile station using unlicensed

spectrum.UMA Network Controller (UNC)– UNC appears to the core network as a GERAN Base Station

Contoller (BSC)– Includes a Security Gateway (SGW) that terminates secure

remote access tunnels from the MS, providing mutual authentication, encryption and data integrity for signaling, voiceand data traffic.

A broadband IP network– provides connectivity between the AP and the UNC– IP transport connection extends all the way from the UNC to the

MS, through an APA single interface, the Up interface, is defined between the UNC and the MS

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UMA

Summary

UMAN Architecture Features (2)

Co-existence with GERAN and interconnection with theGSM Core Network (NSS) via the standardized interfaces defined for GERAN:– A Interface for circuit-switched services [TS 48.008]– Gb Interface for packet-switched services [TS 48.018]As in GSM, transaction control, e.g., call processing anduser services are provided by MSC / VLR and SGSN / GGSN.Use of AAA server over the Wm interface as defined by3GPP [TS 29.234]– used to authenticate the MS when it sets up a secure tunnelUMAN shall support simultaneous CS and PS servicesUMAN / GERAN roaming is supported

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UMA

Summary

UMA Mobile Stations

Include dual mode (GSM and unlicensed) radios and the capability to switch between themSupports either Bluetooth (PAN profile) or IEEE802.11Supports an IP interface to the access point– IP connection from the UNC extends all the way to the MS

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UMA

Summary

UMA Access Points

Provide the radio link towards the mobile station using unlicensed spectrumConnect through the broadband IP network to the UNCProvides Bluetooth (PAN profile) [BTSIG3] or 802.11 accesspoint functionality [802.11]Does not provide any UMA-specific gateway functions, andany generic AP can be used to interconnect the MS to theUNC via the broadband IP network.Handover between APs is possible

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UWB

UMA

Summary

UMA Access Procedure

Dual mode access to mobile networks

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Summary:Infrastructure Technologies for

NGN

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UMA

Summary

Revenues: Mobile Voice vs. Data in Western Europe

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10

Data revenues

Voice revenues

Year

In billions of €

Source: Siemens Com Mobile Networks, August 2004

Stesses the need for powerful mobile access systems!

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Mobile Netze der 4.

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HSDPA

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MIMO

802.11n

MB-OFDM

UWB

UMA

Summary

NGN Access Technologies For Different Usage

Degree of mobility

Stan

ding

Walk

ing

Drivi

ng

User data rate10 Mbps

IEEE802.16a,d

1 100

HSDPA

IEEE802.16e

WLAN(IEEE 802.11a/b/g)

GSMGPRS

DECT

EDGE

FlashOFDM (802.20)

Systems beyond3G >2010??

0.1Bluetooth

UMTS

CDMA

EV-DOEV-DV

WLAN(IEEE 802.11n)

MB-OFDM /UWB

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UMA

Summary

IMS - The Convergence Platform of the Future

DSL

3G

2.5G

BroadbandWireless access

Fixed line

Enterprise Consumers

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Mobile Netze der 4.

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UWB

UMA

Summary

Combined Future: UMTS R-5 Architecture

IP / MPLS Backbone

IP Connectivity Layer

.

Signaling & Data Transfer InterfaceSignaling Interface

IPv6 CoreNetwork

SGSN Router

IP-RAN

CRRM Server

Radio Access Server

Application Servers

GGSN

RANGW

SGSNServer HSS

ServiceEnablingPlatform

IP Multimedia & Messaging

CPS Messaging Servers

OSS &Policy

ServiceCreationEnvironment

BroadbandGW

MediaGW InternetInternet

PSTN PSTN xDSLWLANBRAN

xDSLWLANBRAN

GSM / EDGE

TDMA / EDGE

WCDMA1XEV-DV

GSM / EDGE

TDMA / EDGE

WCDMA1XEV-DV

Control Plane

User & GW Plane

MSS

B-(R)AN OMC

NetwNetw. . MngmtMngmt..

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MB-OFDM

UWB

UMA

Summary

The Challenge – Managing Network Complexity

More info...– [email protected]– www. topbusinessag.com– www.business-interactive.com

3-days Course “4G Mobile Networks”– At TOP Business AG, Nuernberg– At customer’s premises– http://www.topbusinessag.com/e/training/wireless/mob-4g.php

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MIMO

802.11n

MB-OFDM

UWB

UMA

Summary

Thanks a lot for your attention...

...and further enjoy the conference!!

And finally...

Documents

Next Generation Networks – Mobile Netze der 4. Generation · Next Generation Networks – Mobile Netze der 4. Generation Neuss, ... UMTS R99: