NFC收發器搭配微控制器的設計應用(Secure Element)

意法半導體/ STMicroelectronics

安全微控制器部門/Secure Microcontroller Division

凌立民/ Robert Ling

Agenda

• An Update of NFC Marketing

• ST NFC Portfolio

• Introduction to SWP/HCI (w/ NFC Forum NCI)

• Conclusion

2

An Update of NFC Marketing

3

NFC Market Vision 4

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Munits

Embedded SE

SWP-SIM

Connectivity Combo

NFC Ctrl

20

40

100

32

60

180

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

2011 2012 2013

SWP SIMs Establish STMicroelectronics as a Leading

Secure Element Vendor

“Both secure microcontroller categories are also benefiting from

the acceleration in NFC deployments that we have detected,

although the ramp up in NFC SIMs is greater, with it now

expected to account for approximately 40% of secure elements

in 2012 and 2013. “

“STMicroelectronics, however, is the standout winner, with

faster development of NFC SIMs occurring. ABI Research

estimates that it will achieve SWP SIM secure element market

share in the region of 2-3 times that of its nearest competitor. “

Source : ABI 2012, ST

SWP-SIM : MNOs to achieve critical mass in deploying NFC services

e_SE : Google and OEMs deploying new services around Google Wallet

Mobile

Payment

Access

Control

Transport

Pairing

NFC: from Application to Product 5

Mobiles, Tablets,

PCs, Notebooks…

Medical, Peripherals,

Accessories, Cards…

Multiple platforms The right products

Multiple NFC

use cases

Multiple applications

Consumer,

Industrial,

Metering,

Automotive…

ST NFC Portfolio

The Most Complete NFC Portfolio 7

SWP

Secure

SIM

NFC

Transceiver

embedded

Secure

Element

NFC

Tags

ST33 ST21NFC

LRIxx ST33

ST NFC Portfolio Overview (1) 8

Terminal Host

NFC

Ctrl

SIM

SWP

• Widely used by major Operators

• Leadership position

• MIFARE compatible

• Multiple SE support

• Reduced BOM

• Android & WP8 compatible

ST NFC Portfolio Overview (2) 9

Terminal Host

NFC

CTRL

SIM e-SE

SWP SWP

• GP2.2 Operating System

• Google Wallet Compliant

• Large user Memory 1.2MB

• MIFARE compatible

• DFN, WLCSP or stacked with NFC

• Used by all major card vendors

• Leadership position

• MIFARE compatible

• Multiple SE support

• Reduced BOM

• Android & WP8 compatible

ST Secure Products 10

Class. SIM

ST32

M2M

ST32-M/C

NFC SIM

ST33

e-SE

ST33

NFC Ctrl

ST21NFC

Wide Portfolio covering all SIM/M2M/SE/NFC segments

11

HOST Controller

Mobile Payment Architectures

COMPLETE ST Offering

• Multiple SE support

• Reduced BOM

• Android & WP8

compatible

• EMVCo, Isis, MCI

certified

• Leadership position

• 1.2 Mb Secure Flash

• Mifare compatible

• EMVCo / EAL5+

certified

• Secure GP2.2 OS

SWP SWP

SWP

NFC

controller

Secure

SWP-SIM Handset

independent,

inter-changeable

MNO

driven

Secure

NFC µSD OEM & MNO

independent

removable

Banks

driven

Embedded

secure

element Soldered on

motherboard

OEM

driven

100 Mp in

2013

< 0.5 Mp in

2013 (CUP mainly)

180 (?) Mp in

2013 (Samsung +

Google Nexus)

>100 Mp NFC phones in 2012 250 Mp in 2013 Source ABI Research

>200 Mp ST33

ST21NFCA / B ramp up

2013 plan

Introduction to SWP/HCI (NCI)

RF Communication

• RF Field manages three tasks

• Energy transfer: The antenna of the RF card provide the power to the RF chip

• Communication from RF-reader to RF-card: Signal modulation

• Communication from RF-card to RF-reader: Load modulation

13

RF-card RF-reader

Energy: RF-field

Signal modulation

Load modulation

Layers of Main RF Protocols

ISO/IEC

14443-2

RF

Application

ISO/IEC

14443-4

RF appl.

ISO/IEC

14443-1

ISO/IEC

14443-3

Physical layer RF card size, Antenna size

RF Byte layer RF field characteristics,

RF modulation, bit coding

RF Frame layer Initialization and anti-collision,

RF frames

RF Transport layer RF Blocks

Application layer RF Commands & data

JIS X 6319-4

Chapter 4

JIS X 6319-4

Chapter 5-7

JIS X 6319-4

Chapter 8-9

RF appl.

ISO/IEC

15693-3

ISO/IEC

15693-2

ISO/IEC

15693-1

14

NFC Enabled Device

• As defined by ETSI

15

UICC/ eSE Host CLF

Host controller

Antenna

Terminal Host

SWP

Terminal

HCI

ISO/IEC 7816

RF-card

RF-reader

NFC-device

ETSI SWP/HCI (NCI) Specifications 16

Single Wire

Protocol (SWP)

Host Controller

Interface (HCI)

Interface

specifications

Test

specifications

for cell phone

Test

specification

for NFC

controller

Test

specifications

for UICC

Single Wire Protocol (SWP) 17

• Full duplex protocol with only one communication line (single wire)

• CLF sends its message (S1) by modulation of the voltage on the SWP I/O line

• Logical 0: ¼ T high + ¾ T high

• Logical 1: ¾ T high + ¼ T low

• At default up to 1 Mbps transfer speed

• Optionally up to 1.6 Mbps transfer speed

• The modulation of S1 carries also a clock signal for synchronization: Rising edge of every T period

• UICC/ eSE sends its message (S2) by modulation of the current during a high signal at SWP I/O line

• Two data link layers

• Medium Access Control: Lower data link layer

• Logical Link Control: Higher data link layer

T

0

T

1

CLF

CLT Mode

SWP-MAC

SWP-CLT RF-Frame

RF-Byte

UICC/ eSE

SWP-MAC

SWP-CLT

RF reader

RF-Frame

RF-Byte

RF reader

application RF card

application Logical connection

SWP interface RF interface

18

CLF

SHDLC Mode

SWP-MAC

HCI

SWP-SHDLC RF-Frame

RF-Transport

RF-Byte

UICC /eSE

SWP-MAC

HCI

SWP-SHDLC

RF reader

RF-Frame

RF-Transport

RF-Byte

RF reader

application

RF card

application

Logical connection

SWP interface RF interface

19

CLF

Example EMV Payment Application

SWP-MAC

HCI

SWP-SHDLC 14443-3

14443-4

14443-2

UICC /eSE

SWP-MAC

HCI

SWP-SHDLC

EMV terminal

14443-3

14443-4

14443-2

EMV terminal

application

EMV

application

Logical connection

SWP interface RF interface

20

HCI Network 21

Administration Link

manager

Link

manager

Link

manager Administration

Administration

Identity

manager Loop back

Card RF

type A

Card RF

type B

Card RF

type B‘

Card RF

type F

Reader

RF type A

Reader

RF type B

Identity

manager Loop back

Card appl.

type A

Identity

manager Loop back

Card appl.

type B

Reader

appl. type B

Pipe 1 (static) Pipe 0 (static) Pipe x Pipe y Pipe z

Host controller with ContactLess Frontend (CLF)

UICC host Terminal host

Management

gates

Generic

gates

Conclusion

Secure Element NFC Controller

ST NFC Summary 23

ST33 – 90nm – eFlash • 1MB eSE, Mifare

• Visa – Master & CC-certified

• >> 50% MS in SWP SIM

• Approved by Google

• Used in Nexus 10 & Nexus 4 projects

ST33 – 80nm • 1MB, Mifare, improved performances

• mass production e/o 2013

ST33 – 40nm • 2MB, Mifare, Smaller size

ST21NFCA - HCI • Available now

• ISIS certified

• LGU+ certified

• In mass production

ST21NFCB – HCI/NCI • Improved power consumption & chip’s

peripheral circuits

• Triple Secure Element (3 SWP)

24

Thank You for Listening !

Contact: robert.ling@st.com