nghUspay; I

- 1 -

f.ngh.j. (c.juk;) cjtpf; fUj;juq;F - 2016

nghUspay; I tpilaspj;jYf;fhd topfhl;ly;

tpdh

,yf;fk;

tpil tpdh

,yf;fk;

tpil

(1) 4 (26) 5

(2) 3 (27) 4

(3) 1 (28) 5

(4) 4 (29) 2

(5) 4 (30) 3

(6) 1 (31) 5

(7) 3 (32) 3

(8) 1 (33) 4

(9) 2 (34) 4

(10) 2 (35) 1

(11) 4 (36) 4

(12) 1 (37) 5

(13) 4 (38) 3

(14) 4 (39) 4

(15) 1 (40) 4

(16) 4 (41) 3

(17) 3 (42) 3

(18) 2 (43) 1

(19) 3 (44) 4

(20) 2 (45) 3

(21) 4 (46) 2

(22) 2 (47) 4

(23) 3 (48) 1

(24) 1 (49) 2

(25) 1 (50) 5

(02 Gs;spfs; tPjk; nkhj;jk; 100 Gs;spfs;)

- 2 -

1æ (i) Ú kPsikf;ff; $ba tsq;fs;- cw;gj;jpj; njhopw;ghl;bw;Fg; gad;gLj;jg;gLk; NghJ

Kbtile;jhYk; kP;z;Lk; cUthFk; tsk;.

c-k; : fhL> kPd; tsk;

Ú kPsikf;f Kbahj tsq;fs; - cw;gj;jpj; njhopw;ghl;bw;Fg; gad;gLj;jg;gLk; NghJ

Kbtile;jhYk; kP;z;Lk; cUthf;f Kbahj tsk;.

c-k; fdpa tsk; (04 Gs;spfs;)

(ii) A

B.

Y gz;lk;

nghUshjhug;

gpd;dilT

nghUshjhu

tPo;r;rp

X gz;lk;

0 0Y gz;lk;

X gz;lk;

X 0

X 1

Y 1 Y0

Ú nghUshjhug; gpd;dilT vd;gJ xU nghUshjhuj;jpd; ,uz;L fhyhz;Lfs; Nghd;w FWfpa

fhyj;jpDs; nka;j;Njrpa ntspaPL tPo;r;rpailjy;. ,q;F Ntiytha;g;G FiwtilAk;.

nghUshjhuj;jpd; cz;ikahd ntspaPL FiwAk;. cz;ikahd cw;gj;jp rhj;jpa vy;iyg;

Gs;sp NkYk; ,lJGwk; efUk;.

Ú nghUshjhu xd;wpy; nghUshjh tPo;r;rp vd;gJ Njwpa Njrpa ntspaPl;by; ePz;l fhyj;jpy;

eilngWk; tPo;r;rpahFk;. jPtpuj;jd;ik $Lk;. nghUshjhuj;jpy; cj;jk ntspaPl;L kl;lk;

gpd;dilAk; epiy Vw;gLtjhy; nkhj;jf; Nfs;tp kl;Lkd;wp nkhj;j epuk;gYk; tPo;r;rpailAk;.

,q;F cw;gj;jp rhj;jpa vy;iy tisap ,lJGwkhf efUk;.

(VjhtJ ,U fhuzfSf;F 02 Gs;spfs;)

(iii) (m) mbg;gilg; nghUshjhug; gpur;rpidfSf;F jPu;T fhz;gjw;fhd fUtpfs;

- re;ijg; nghUshjhu Kiwik

- fl;lisaply; (kj;jpa jpl;lkply;) nghUshjhu Kiwik

- ghuk;gupa nghUshjhu Kiwik (02 Gs;spfs;)

(M) ts cupik

- Kjyhspj;Jtg; nghUshjhu Kiwik

- rkTlikg; nghUshjhu Kiwik (01 Gs;sp)

(,) Cf;Ftpg;G Kiw

- re;ijg; nghUahjhu Kiwik

- fl;lis (kj;jpajpl;lkpy;) nghUshjhu Kiwik

- ghuk;gupa nghUshjhu Kiwik (01 Gs;sp)

- 3 -

(iv) Ú rkpf;iQ toq;fy; - Efu;Nthu;> cw;gj;jpahsu; kw;Wk fhuzp cupikahsu;fSf;F

jPu;khdk; Nkw;nfhs;tjw;fhd jfty;fis toq;fy;

Ú Cf;Ftpg;G toq;fy; - jPu;khdk; Nkw;nfhs;Sk; FOf;fis Cf;Ftpg;gjw;F

Ú gq;fPL - gw;whf;Fiwahd tsq;fis khw;Wf; Fwpf;Nfhs;fSf;Nfw;g gq;fply;

(%d;W fhuzpfSf;Fk; kl;Lk; 2 Gs;spfs;

(nkhj;jk; 4 Gs;spfs;)

(v) r%f re;ijg; nghUshjhuj; Kiwik vd;gJ nghUshjhuj;Jld; r%f epahaj;JtKk; jdpahu;

Rje;jpuKk; ,ize;J nraw;gLk; nghUshjhukhFk;. ,q;F r%f eyk; kpf Kf;fpaj;Jtk; ngWk;.

Fiwe;j tUkhd kl;lj;ij ciof;Fk; kf;fspd; tho;f;ifj; juj;ij cau;tilar; nra;tjw;Fk;

r%fj;jpy; cs;s midtiuAk; nghUshjhuf; f~;lq;fspy; ,Ue;Jk; Mgj;jpypUe;Jk; fhg;gJk;

,jd; Fwpf;NfhshFk;.

c-k; N[u;kd; cl;gl ];fz;bNdtpa ehLfs;

(tpsf;fq;fSf;F 2 Gs;spfs;> cjhuzj;jpw;F 1 Gs;sp)

(nkhj;jk; 4 Gs;spfs;)

2æ (i) gz;lq;fSf;F my;yJ NritfSf;fhd Njit fhzg;gly;.

nfhs;tdT nra;af;$ba Mw;wy; (nfhs;tdT rf;jp) fhzg;gly;.

nfhs;tdT nra;af;$ba jpl;lk; fhzg;gly;.

(xU fhuzpf;F 1 Gs;sp tPjk; 1 Gs;sp)

(ii) (m) 1' cs;sPLfspd; tpiy

2' ,izg;gGg; gz;lq;fspd; tpiy

3' njhopy; El;gk;

4' mur nfhs;if (tup. khdpak;)

5' cw;gj;jpahsu; vjpu;ghu;g;G

6' cw;gj;jpahsu; njhif

(xU fhuzpf;F 1 Gs;sp tPjk; 2 Gs;spfs;)

(M) 1' $br; nry;Yk; mikar; nryT tpjp (cw;gj;jpAld; vy;iyr; nryT mjpfupj;jy;)

2' tpiykhw;wj;Jld; ,yhgj;jd;ik khw;wkiljy;.


(iii) Fiwe;jgl;r tpiyia epu;zapj;J tpiy cjT njhif nraw;jpl;lj;ij mKy;gLj;jy;

cj;juthj tpiyiag; ngw;Wj; jUtjhf ,zq;fp Fiwepug;Gf; nfhLg;gdT toq;fy;.


Fiwepug;Gf; nfhLg;gdtpd; nghUshjhu tpisTfs;

1' cw;gj;jp kpif mjpfupj;jy;.

2' Efu;T kpif mjpfupj;jy;.

3' ,of;fg;gLk; r%f ey epiyik xd;W Vw;gly;.

4' muRf;F nryT Vw;f Ntz;b Vw;gLk;.

5' nkhj;jr; nrytpy; khw;wk; Vw;gLk; / Efu;Nthu; Ritapy; khw;wk; Vw;gLk;. 6' Efu;Nthu; toq;Fk; tpiy tPo;r;rpailAk;.

7' cw;gj;jpahsUf;F fpilf;Fk; tpiy mjpfupf;Fk;

- 4 -

tpiy cjT njhif jpl;lj;jpd; nghUshjhu tpisTfs;

1' cw;gj;jp kpif mjpfupf;Fk;

2' Efu;Nthu; kpif FiwAk;

3' Efu;Nthu; toq;Fk; kpif mjpfupf;Fk;./ cw;gj;jpahsUf;F fpilf;Fk; tpiy mjpfupf;Fk;

4' Fiw epug;Gf; nfhLg;gdTj; jpl;lj;ij tpl ,of;Fk; r%fey epiyik cau; ngWkjpiag;

ngWk;.

(VjhtJ %d;W tpisTfSf;F 3 Gs;spfs;)

(iv)

10

0-200 720 800 1300 Q

20

465058

130

P

S1

S

-800

Efu;Nthu; kpif = (P1 - 50) 800 232 000 = (P1 - 50) 40032 000 = 400 P1 - 20 00052 000 = 400 P1

400 400P1 = 130

cw;gj;jpahsu; kpif = (50 - P2) 800 216 000 = (50 - P2) 40016 000 = 20 000 - 400 P2 400 P2 = 4 000

400 400P2 = 10

''

(tiu glj;jpw;F 04 Gs;spfs;)

(m) ÷ Efu;Nthu; kpif ( ^130 - 58& × 720$2 } 72 × 360 } 25 920 (01 Gs;sp)

÷ cw;gj;jpahsu; kpif ( ^46 - 10& × 720$2 } 36 × 360 } 12960 (01 Gs;sp)

(M) ÷ mur tup tUkhdk; } tup × tpw;gidj; njhif } 12 × 720 } 8 640 (01 Gs;sp)

(,) ÷ kpif tupr;Rik } tup × rkepiyj; njhifapd; khw;wk; $2 } 12 × ^800 - 720&$2

} 12 × 80 $2

} 480 (01 Gs;sp)

- 5 -

3æ (i) cw;gj;jpj; njhopw;ghl;by; Fiwe;jgl;rk; Xu; cs;sPlhtJ epiyahff; fhzg;gLk; fhyk; FWq;fhykhFk;.

mjd;gb FWq; fhyk; vdf; ftdj;jpy; vLf;Fk; fhyg;gFjpapy; epiyahd cs;sPLfs;> khWk; cs;sPLfs;

vd cs;sPLfs; ,U tifahff; fhz;gLtJld;> ntspaPl;by; Vw;gLk; khw;wj;Jld; epiyahd cs;sPL

khwhky; fhzg;gLk;.

epWtdnkhd;wpy; cw;gj;jpr; nraw;ghl;bw;Fg; gad;gLj;Jk; vy;yh ntspaPLfisAk; khw;Wtjw;Fg;

NghJkhd fhy msT ePz;l fhykhFk;.

ePz;l fhyk; vdf; ftdj;jpw; nfhs;sg;gLk; fhyg;gFjpapy; epiyahd> khWk; ntspaPL vd

tifg;gLj;jg;glhJ. vy;yh ntspaPLfSk; khWk; ntspaPLfshff; fhzg;gLk; (02 Gs;spfs;)

(ii) epWtdj;jpd; nkhj;j tUkhdj;jpy; ,Ue;J epjpr; nryT my;yJ Neu;r; nryitf; fopj;j gpd; tUk;

kPjp fzf;fpay; ,yhgk; vdg;gLk;. (01 Gs;sp)

tpahghu epWtdj;jpdJ nkhj;j tUkhdj;jpypUe;J cw;gj;jpj; njhopw;ghl;by; nkhj;j mkar; nryitAk;

fopj;jgpd; tUk; kPjp nghUspay; ,yhgk; vdg;gLk;. cw;gj;jpapy; mkar; nrytpy; Neu; nryT kw;Wk;

cs;shu;e;j nryT vd ,uz;Lk; cs;slf;fg;gLk;. (01 Gs;sp)

cs;shu;e;j nryT fhzg;gLk; NghJ fzf;fPl;L ,yhgj;ij tpl nghUspay; ,yhgk; Fiwe;j

ngWkjpiag; ngWk;. (01 Gs;sp)

cjhuzk; :

epWtdj;jpd; nkhj;j tUtha; } &. 750 000

ntspapy; ,Ue;J nfhs;tdT nra;j cs;sPLfs; (Neu;nryT) } &. 300 000

fzf;fpay; ,yhgk; } &. 450 000

cs;shu;e;j nryT (,oe;j tl;b › ,oe;j rk;gsk; ›

rhjhuz ,yhgk; › nghUshjhuj; Nja;T) } &. 200 000

nghUshjhu ,yhgk; } &. 250 000 (01 Gs;sp)

(iii) xj;j jd;ikfs;1' epiwNghl;bapdJk; jdpAupik Nghl;bapdJk; epWtdq;fspd; njhif mjpfsT fhz;g;gLjy;.

2' epiwNghl;bapYk; jdpAupik Nghl;bapYk;; cl; gpuNtrpf;fTk; ntspNawTk; gpuNtrj;jil

fhzg;gl khl;lhJ.

3' epiwNghl;bapYk; jdpAupik Nghl;bapYk; ePz;l fhyj;jpy; rhjhuz ,yhgj;ij kl;Lk; ciof;f

KbAk;. (02 Gs;spfs;)

NtWghLfs;

1' epiwNghl;bapy; Xupdj;jd;ik tha;e;j gz;lq;fs; fhzg;gly;> jdpAupikg; Nghl;bapy; nghUl;

Ngjg;gLj;jy; fhzg;gly;.

2' epiwNghl;bapy; jfty;fs; g+uzkhfTk; nrytpd;wpAk; ngw KbAk;. jdpAupikg; Nghl;bapy;

jfty;fis g+uzkhfTk; nrytpd;wpAK; ngw KbahJ>

3' epiwNghl;b epWtdk; tpiyia Vw;Nghd;. Mdhy; jdpAupikg; Nghl;b epWtdk; tpiyiaj;

jPu;khdpg;NghDk; MFk;.

4' epiwNghl;b epWtdj;jpy; Nfs;tpf;NfhL g+uz Nfs;tp nefpo;r;rpf; NfhlhfTk; jdpAupik Nghl;b

epWtdj;jpy; Nfs;tpf; NfhL ,lkpUe;J tykhfr; nry;Yk; rhjhuz Nfs;tpf; NfhlhfTk;

fhzg;gLk;. (02 Gs;spfs;)

- 6 -

(iv) Fwpg;gpl;l xU njhopYf;F my;yJ cw;gj;jpf;F gpuNtrpf;ff; fhzg;gLk; ,aw;ifahd my;yJ

rl;luPjpahd jilfs; gpuNtrj; jilfs; vdg;gLk;. Fwpg;gpl;l xU re;ijf;F gpuNtrpg;gjw;Ff; fhzg;gLk;

gpujhd jilfshtd.

- Kf;fpa %yg; nghUl;fSk; njhopEl;g mwpTk; gw;wpa cupik xU epWtdj;jpw;F kl;Lk; fhzg;gLk;.

- mur rl;luPjpahd jil (mur cj;juTg; gj;jpuk;> Ra mjpfhu cupik Nghd;w jilfs;)

- msTj;jpl;l rpf;fdk; xU epWtdj;Jf;F fpilg;gjhy; Gjpa epWtdq;fSf;F njhopypy; cl;gpuNtrpf;f

jil Vw;gly;. (04 Gs;spfs;)

(v) (m) &. 40 I tplf; $l Ntz;Lk; P } 40 Mdhy; rhjhuz ,yhgk; kl;LNk ciof;fyhk;.

(01 Gs;sp)

(M) nkhj;j epiyahd nryT } ruhrup nryT Ÿ ntspaPl;Lr; nryT

TFC } AFC Ÿ Q TFC } (ATC - AVC) Ÿ Q TFC } (60 - 40) Ÿ 400 TFC } 20 Ÿ 400 TFC } &. 8000 (02 Gs;spfs;)

(,) cw;gj;jpapypUe;J ntspNaw jPu;khdpg;gJ gz;l myF &.20 I tplf; Fiwe;jhyhFk;. njhopypy;

njhlu;e;J jq;Ftjw;F tpiyahdJ Fiwe;jgl;r ruhrup khWk; nryTf;F rkkhf Ntz;Lk;.

(01 Gs;sp)

4æ (i) (m) Njwpa cs;ehl;L tUkhdk; } nkhj;jj; Njrpa tUkhdk; (r.tp) - ^Njwpa Neupy; tup › %yjdj; Nja;T&

} 6000 - ^100 › 600&

} 5300 (02 Gs;spfs;)

(M) nkhj;jj; Njrpa nryT } nkhj;jj; Njrpa tUkhdk; (r.tp) - Njwpa Vw;Wkjp

} 6000 - ^-400&

} 6400 (02 Gs;spfs;)

(,) nkhj;j Efu;T } nkhj;jj; Njrpa nryT - nkhj;j Efu;T

} 6400 - 3000

} 3400 (02 Gs;spfs;)

(<) Njrpa Nrkpg;G } nrytplj;jf;f Njrpa tUkhdk; - nkhj;j Efu;T

} 6000 › ^-200 › 300& - 3000

} 6000 › 100 - 3000

} 3100 (02 Gs;spfs;)

(ii) 1' nghUshjhunkhd;wpDs; eilngWk; vy;yhg; gaDs;s njhopw;ghLfSk; Njrpa fzf;fPl;bDs;

cs;slf;fg;glhik. (FLk;gg; ngz;fs; Nrit> rpy Ra nghUshjhu eltbf;iffs;)

2' Kiwrhuh nghUshjhu eltbf;iffs; (rupahf mwpf;ifg;glj;jg;glhjit) rPuhf

cs;slf;fg;glhik.

3' Xa;thf ,Uj;jy; Nghd;w Efu;Tfs; Njrpa cw;gj;jpapy; cs;slf;fg;glhik.

4' cw;gj;jpj; njhopw;ghl;bd;NghJ #oy; tsq;fSf;F Vw;gLk; Nja;TfSk; #oy; khriljYk;

ftdj;jpy; nfhs;sg;glhik.

5' mur flDf;Fr; nrYj;Jk; nkhj;j tl;b gaDs;s tUkhdkhff; ftdj;jpy; vLf;fhik.

(03 Gs;spfs;)

- 7 -

(iii)

Fbj;jdj;

Jiw

epWtdj;

Jiw

gzr;

Rw;Nwhl;lk;

nka;r;

Rw;Nwhl;lk;

cw;gj;jpf; fhuzpfs; (epyk;> ciog;G> %yjdk;> Kaw;rp)

gz;lq;fs; NritfSf;fhd

nryTfs;

gz;lq;fs; Nritfs;

ntspaPL

fhuzpfSf;fhd nfhLg;gdT

(02 Gs;spfs;)

ntspaPl;Lr; Rw;Nwhl;lk; %yk; tukhdk; Rw;Nwhl;lKk; tUkhdr; Rw;Nwhl;lk; %yk; nryTr; Rw;Nwhl;lKk;

eilngWk;. ntspaPl;Lr; Rw;Nwhl;lj;jpy; ngWkjp tUkhdk; Rw;Nwhl;lj;jpd; ngWkjpf;Fk; tUkhdr;

Rw;Nwhlj;jpd; ngWkjp nryTr; Rw;Nwhl;lj;jpd; ngWkjpf;Fk; nryTr; Rw;Nwhl;lj;jpd; ngWkjp ntspaPl;Lr;

Rw;Nwhl;lj;jpw;Fk; xd;Wf;nfhd;W rkkhdjhFk;. (02 Gs;spfs;)

(iv) murpd; rfy nryTfSk; Njrpa fzf;fpDs; mlq;fhJ. mjhtJ mur khw;wy; nryTk; mur

flDf;fhd tl;bAk; Njrpa fzf;fpy; cs;slf;fg;gLtjpy;iy. (02 Gs;spfs;)

(v) - gztPf;fj; jhf;fnkhd;W ,d;wp nghUshjhunkhd;wpdhy; cw;gj;jp nra;af;$ba cr;r

epiyahd ntspaPl;L kl;lk; cj;jk ntspaPL my;yJ cj;jk nkhj;j cs;ehl;L cw;gj;jp

vdf; fUjyhk;. cj;jk ntspaPL cr;r ntspaPl;L kl;lkhfhJ vd;gJld; epiyahdjhf

nfhz;L nry;yf;$ba cr;r ntspaPl;L kl;lkhFk;.

- ntspaPl;L ,ilntsp vd;gJ cz;ikahd ntspaPl;Lf;Fk; cj;jk ntspaPl;Lf;Fk;

,ilapyhd NtWghlhFk;. mJ ,U tifg;gLk;.

Ú kiw ntspaPl;L ,ilntsp (vjpu;kiwahd ,ilntsp) } cz;ik ntspaPL <

cj;jk ntspaPL

Ú Neu;fzpakhd ntspaPl;L ,ilntsp (Neu; ntspaPL) } cz;ik ntspaPL > cj;jk

ntspaPL (03 Gs;spfs;)

5' (i) Ú FLk;gq;fsplk; fhzg;gLk; nry;tk; (ts ,Ug;G)

Ú Fbj;jdq;fspd; vjpu;ghu;g;G

Ú Fbj;jdq;fshy; ngwg;gLk; fld;

Ú tpiy kl;lk; / vjpu;ghu;f;Fk; gztPf;fk; (VjhtJ ,U fhuzpfSf;F 02 Gs;spfs;)

(ii) Y = E Y = C + I + G + (X - M) W = J S + T + M = I + G + X

(Y = E Ak; W = J vd;Wk; kl;Lk; fhl;bapUe;jhy; Gs;sp toq;fg;gl khl;lhJ.) (02 Gs;spfs;

Fwpg;gpl;lnjhU nghUshjhuj;jpy; Nrkpg;G> tup> ,wf;Fkjp vd;gd ntspg;gha;r;ry;fshFk;. tUkhdr;

Rw;Nwhl;lj;jpy; ,Ue;J nryTr; Rw;Nwhl;lj;jpy; NruhJ tpyfpr; nry;tjhy; mJ ntspg;gha;;r;ry;fshf

fUjg;gLfpd;wJ. ,jdhy; nkhj;jf; Nfs;tp FiwAk; nghUshjhuj;ij tPo;r;rpailar; nra;Ak;.

(ngaupl 01 Gs;sp tpsf;fj;jpw;F 01 Gs;sp)

- 8 -

(iii) (m) S = -1000 + 0.2 yd C = 1000 + 0.8 yd C = 1000 + 0.8 (y - T) C = 1000 + 0.8 (y - 100) C = 1000 + 0.8y - 80 C = 920 + 0.8y (01 Gs;sp)

C = 920 + 0.8 × 5000 C = 4920 kp. &. (01 Gs;sp)

(M) Y = C + I + G Y = 920 + 0.8y + 200 + 80 Y = 1200 + 0.8y Y - 0.8y = 1200 Y = 1200 / 0.2 Y = 6000 kp. &. (02 Gs;spfs;)

(,) APC = c / y APC = 5720 / 6000 APC = 0.95

(01 Gs;sp)

APS = S / y = 180 / 6000 = 0.03 (01 Gs;sp)

S = -1000 + 0.2yd = -1000 + 0.2 (y-t) = -1000 + 0.2(y-100) = -1000 + 0.2y - 20 = -1020 + 0.2y S = -1020 + 0.2(6000) = -1020 + 1200 = 180

(<) K = 1 / 1 - b K= 1 / 1- 0.8 K = 1 / 0.2 K = 5 (02 Gs;spfs;)

∆ Y = ∆ Y × K

100 = 20 × 5

rkepiyj; Njrpa tUkhdk; = 6000 + 100 = 6100 kp. & (02 Gs;spfs;)

- 9 -

(iv)

Y10 YF

E1

EF

Y = E

nka; cw;gj;jp ^Y)

nkhj;jr; nryT (E)

(tupg;glj;jpw;F 02 Gs;spfs;)

nghUshjhuj;jpy; cj;jk ntspaPl;L kl;lk; yf MFk;. ntspaPl;il epiyahf Nkw;nfhs;sj; Njitahd

nkhj;jf; Nfs;tp EF MFk;. Mdhy; nghUshjhuj;jpy; cz;ikahd nkhj;jf; Nfs;tp E1 Mifahy;>

nghUshjhuj;jpy; cj;jk ntspaPl;L kl;lk; fPo; Y1 ntspaPl;L kl;lj;jpy; rkepiy milAk;. mjd;gb

(Y1-YF) vjpu;fzpa ,ilntsp Vw;gLk; Y1 ntspaPl;L kl;lk; cw;gj;jpr; rhj;jpa vy;iyapd; ,lJ

gf;fj;jpy; fhzg;gLk; ntspaPl;L kl;lkhFk;.

(tpsf;fj;Jf;F 02 Gs;spfs;)

6' (i) ÷ gzk; g+uz jputj;jd;ikAs;s nrhj;jhFk;. mjhtJ khw;W}lfkhf nghJkf;fshy; Vw;Wf;nfhs;sg;gLk;

Xu; ClfkhFk;.

÷ gzg;gjpyPL vd;gJ jw;fhypf gupkhw;wy; Clfkhf gad;gLj;jf; $ba Mdhy; ngWkjpj; jpul;lhf

njhopw;glhj nrhj;jhFk;.

c-k; : fld; ml;il> nryT ml;il

÷ mz;kpa gzk; vd;gJ gupkhw;W}fkhfr; nraw;glhJ. vdpDk; ngWkhdj; jpul;lhf njhopw;gLk;

nrhj;jhFk;.

c-k; : Nrkpg;Gk; jtiz itg;Gf;fSk;> nryhtzp cz;bay;. nghWg;gspf;fg;gl;l jhs;ehzak;.

÷ fWg;Gg; gzk; vd;gJ cioj;j Kiwia ntspf;fhl;l Kbajh gzkhFk;. ,it gzr;

Rw;Nwhl;lj;jpypUe;J ePq;fp nraypoe;j gz kPjpahff; fhzg;gLk;.

(01 Gs;sp tPjk; 04 Gs;spfs;)

(ii)

MD

tl;b tPjk;

cj;Njr Nehf;f mbg;ilapy;

gzj;jpw;fhd Nfs;tp

0 (tupg;glk; fl;lhakpy;iy)

cj;Njr Nehf;f gzj;jpw;F Vw;gLk; Nfs;tpapd; fPo; gzj;jpw;F eilKiwapy; cs;s Nfs;tp tl;b

tPjj;jpd; kiwr;rhu;ghFk;. ,jdhy; gzj;jpd; Nfs;tp tisap ,lkpUe;J tykhff; fPo;Nehf;fpr;

rupAk; (01 Gs;sp)

- tl;b tPjj;jpw;Fk; cj;Njr Nehf;fj;jpw;Fk; ,ilNa vjpu;fzpa njhlu;G fhzg;gLtJ

- 10 - ÷ tl;b tPjj;jpy; Vw;gLk; khw;wj;jw;F Vw;g gzj;ijf; ifapy; itj;jpUg;gjw;fhd mkar;

nryT khw;wkilAk;.

÷ tl;b tPjk; khw;wkilAk;NghJ vjpu;ghu;f;ifapy; Vw;gLk; nry;thf;F fhuzkhf

gpizg;gj;jpuq;fs; nfhs;tdTk; tpw;gidAk; eilngWtjhy; MFk;.

rupAk; (VjhtJ xU fhuzpf;F 01 Gs;sp)

(iii) (m) M1 } 500 › 1700 } 2200 (01 Gs;sp) M2 } 2200 › 600 } 2800 (01 Gs;sp)&

M2b } 2800 › 200 › 500 } 3500 (01 Gs;sp)&

(M) js ehzak; } 500 › 300 › 200 } 1000

tpupe;j gz epuk;gypd; Fzfk;. } 2800 $ 1000 } 2'8 (01 Gs;sp)

(iv) (m) tzpf tq;fp kpif xJf;ifg Ngzpr; nry;yy;.

tq;fp Kiwf;F ntspNa gzk; Royy;

- nghJkf;fspd; flDf;fhd Nfs;tp

- kj;jpa tq;fpapd; rl;ljpl;lq;fs;

(VjhtJ ,U fhuzfSf;F 2 Gs;spfs;)

^M&

Njrpa Efu;Nthu; tpiyr;Rl;nlz; nfhOk;G Efu;Nthu; tpiyr;Rl;nlz;

÷ mbahz;L

÷ Gtpapay; gug;G

÷ ,yf;fhff; nfhs;sg;gl;l FLk;g myFfs;

÷ gz;lj; njhif

÷ epiwaply; - czT - czty;yhjit ÷ tpiy Nrfupf;Fk;

kj;jpa epiyaq;fspd;

vz;zpf;if

2013 } 100

,yq;ifapd; vy;yh khfhzq;fSf;Fk;

xt;nthU khtl;j;jpy; cs;s vy;yhf;

FLk;gq;fSk;.

407

(kJghdk;> Nghijg;nghUs;> rpful;

cs;slf;fg;gLk;.)

44.04%55.96%vy;yh khtl;lq;fspYk; 3

epiyaq;fs;.

2006$07 } 100

nfhOk;G khtl;j;jpy; cs;s vy;yh

efuq;fspYk; css FLk;gq;fs;

nfhOk;G khtl;j;jpy; cs;s vy;yh

efuq;fspYk; css FLk;gq;fs;

373

(kJghdk;> Nghijg;nghUs;> rpful;

cs;slf;fg;glkhl;lhJ.)

41.03%58.97%nfhOk;G khefu; gpuNjrj;jpy;

cs;s 14 kj;jpa epiyaq;fs;.

(04 Gs;spfs;)

(v) nkhj;j tpw;gid tpiyr;Rl;nlz;Zf;Fg; gjpyhf jw;NghJ mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;s tpiyr;Rl;b

cw;gj;jpahsu;fspd; tpiyr; Rl;nlz; MFk;.

,jd; Kf;fpaj;Jtk;

re;ij tpiykl;lj;jpy; Vw;gLk; khw;wq;fs; ,jd;%yk; fhl;l KbtJld; Mj;Jld; ,jd;Nghf;ifg;

gad;gLj;jp rupahd rpwe;j jPu;khdq;fis Nkw;nfhs;sf;$ba Mw;wy; Vw;gLk;.

,r;Rl;nlz; tpisjpwd; gFg;gha;Tf;F kl;Lkd;wp xg;ge;jq;fspd; NghJ ngWkjpiaj; jPu;khdpf;fTk;

tpahghuj; jfty;fisg;; gFg;gha;T nra;aTk; epiyahd nrhj;Jf;fSf;F jw;NghJ epyTk; tpiyfisf;

fzpg;gplTk; gad;gLj;jg;gLk;.

nkhj;j cs;ehl;L cw;gj;jp tpiyr;RUf;fj;ijf; fzpg;gpl kpfTk; nghUj;jkhd tpiyr;Rl;nlz;iz

toq;fy; (VjhtJ ,U fhuzpfSf;F 2 Gs;spfs;)

- 11 -

7' (i) r%f ed;ikf;fhf tpidj;jpwDld; tsq;fisg; gq;fPL nra;tjw;Fr; re;ijf; fUtpf;F Kbahky;

Nghjy;. re;ijj; Njhy;tp vdyhk;. (01 Gs;sp)

re;ijj; Njhy;tp vdg;gLtjw;fhd fhuzpfs; fPNo fhl;lg;gl;Ls;sJ.

Ú nghJg;gz;lq;fis toqfhik.

Ú ntspthupfs; Vw;gly;

Ú G+uzkw;w jfty;fs;

Ú G+uzkw;w Nghl;b

Ú nghJr; nrhj;Jf;fspd; kpif ghtid

Ú fhuzp mirtpd;ik

Ú epahakhd tUkhdg; guk;gy; ,d;ik (VjhtJ %d;W fhuzpfSf;F 3 Gs;spfs;)

(ii) ÷ cw;gj;jpapy; vjpu;fzpa ntspthup tpisT fhzg;gLk;NghJ

Efu;tpy; vjpu;fzp ntspthup tpisT fhzg;gLk;NghJ

cw;gj;jpr; nraw;ghl;by; ntspr; nryTfs; fhzg;gLk;NghJ mt; ntspr;nryTfs; cw;gj;jpapy;

jdpahu; nryTld; Nru;j;j gpd; vy;iyr; r%fr; nryT vy;iyj; jdpahu; nryit kPwpr; nry;Yk;.

,jdhy; re;ijapy; cw;gj;jp nra;Ak; msT r%fk; njhlu;ghf cr;r ntspaPl;L kl;lj;ijj;

jhz;br; nry;Yk;. (02 Gs;spfs;)

r%fr;

nryT

kpif cw;gj;jp

jdpahu;

nryT

ntspr

;

nryT

Rs

MC S

MC P

MBP = MBS QQMQS

0

kpif cw;gj;jp

Rs

MC S

MBP MBS QQMQS0

(02 Gs;spfs;)

(iii) rl;luPjpahf tupnrYj;j Ntz;ba egu; tup nrYj;Jk; re;ju;g;gj;jpy; jhq;Fk; tupr;Rik rl;luPjpahd

tupr;Rik vdg;gLk;.

cjhuzk; : rpful; cw;gj;jpahsuhy; cw;gj;jp nra;ag;gLk; rpful; xd;wpw;F &. 20 tup nrYj;Jk;

epiyapy; cw;gj;jpahsupd; gz tUkhdj;jpy; Vw;gLk; jw;fhypf nry;thf;fhFk;.

tupia efu;j;jy; nraw;ghl;by; tup nrYj;JNthupd; nka; tUkhdj;jpy; Vw;gLk; nry;thf;F nghUspay;

tupr;Rik vdg;gLk;.

Nkw;$wg;gl;l cjhuzj;jpd; gb rpful;bd;kPJ &. 20 tup mwtplg;gl;lhy; rpful;bd; tpiy &. 12 My;

mjpfupj;jhy; cw;gj;jpahsupd; nka;tUkhdj;jpy; cz;ikapy; Vw;gLk; nry;thf;F &.8 MFk;. ,J

cz;iahd tupr;Rik vdf;fUjyhk;.

rl;luPjpahd tupr;Rikf;Fk; nghUshjhu tupr;Rikf;Fk; ,ilapyhd NtWghL tupia efu;j;JtjpNyNa

jq;fpAs;sJ. tupia efu;j;jf; $ba Mw;wy; gz;lj;jpd; Nfs;tp epuk;gy; nefpo;r;rpapNyNa jq;fpAs;sJ.

(04 Gs;spfs;)

- 12 -

(iv) mur tUkhdk; nkhj;j cs;ehl;L cw;gj;jpapy; rjtPjkhf

1978 2013 2014 201527.4 14.5 11.4 13

(02 Gs;spfs;)

fle;j ehd;F jrhg;jq;fspy; ,yq;ifapd; mur tUkhdk; nkhj;j cs;ehl;L cw;gj;jpapd; rjtPjkhf

ftdpf;fj;jf;f mstpy; tPo;r;rpaile;Js;sJld; mur tUkhdk; tPo;r;rpailtjw;F gpd;tUk; fhuzpfs;

nry;thf;Fr; nrYj;jpAs;sJ.

nkhj;j cs;ehl;L cw;gj;jpapd; rjtPjkhf

÷ tup tUkhdk; Fiwjy;.

- jilaw;w tu;j;jfg; gpuNjrk;

- mz;ikf;fhy tup kWrPuikg;gpy; fhzg;gl;l FiwghLfs;

- tup epu;thfk; f~;lkhjy;. ,jdhy; tup fl;LtjpypUe;J jg;gpNahu; njhif mjpfupj;jy;.

- 2002 ,y; tw; tup mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;l gpd; gy;NtW gz;lq;fSf;F toq;fg;gl;l tupr;rYif

500 ,w;F NkyhFk;.

- tUkhd tupAk; fk;gdp tupAk; njhlu;ghf 40 ,w;F Nkw;gl;l gy;NtW rYiffs; cz;L.

mjw;F Nkyjpfkhf BOI KjyPl;lhsu;fSf;F Nkyjpf tupr;rYif toq;fg;gl;lik.

- ,izaj;jsj;jpd; %yk; gz;lq;fs; nfhs;tdT nra;jy;.

- tup Kiwapy; fhzg;gLk; rpf;fy; jd;ikfs;

÷ mur Kaw;rpfspd; tUkhdk; tPo;r;rpailjy;.

(02 Gs;spfs;)

(v) (m) mur nkhj;j tUthapy; ,Ue;J (tup kw;Wk; tup my;yh) eilKiwr; nryitf; fopj;jgpd; ngWk;

ngWkjp eilKiwf;fzf;F epYit vdg;gLk;. (01 Gs;sp)

(M) mur tUkhdk; kw;Wk; ed;nfhilfspy; ,Ue;J mur flDf;fhd tl;b jtpu;e;j Vida mur

nryTfis fopj;jgpd; ngwg;gLk; ngWkjp Muk;gf; fzf;F kPjp vdg;gLk;. (01 Gs;sp)

(,) mur tUkhdk; kw;Wk; ed;nfhilapypUe;J mur fld; kPs; nfhLg;gdT jtpu;e;j Vida mur

nryTfis fopj;jgpd; tUk; ngWkjp Njwpa %yjdg; gw;whf;Fiw vd;ggLk; (01 Gs;sp)

(<) Fwpg;gpl;l xU mikr;Rf;F ghjPl;bd; %yk; xJf;fpa epjp ghjPl;L tUl KbTf;F Kd; nryT nra;J

Kbe;Jtpl;lhy; kPjp FWfpa fhyj;Jf;Fj; Njitahd epjp xJf;fPL nra;tjw;F mikr;Rf;Fg; nghWg;ghd

mikr;ru; %yk; ghuhSkhd;wpj;jpy; rku;gpf;fg;gLk; nryT kjpg;gPL Fiwepug;Gg; gpNuuiz vdg;gLk;.

8' (i) ÷ cw;gj;jpf; fhuzpfs; cupikapd; ,ay;G

÷ cw;gj;jp El;g Kiwfs; (njhopy; El;gk;)

÷ ru;tNjr rpwg;Gj; Nju;r;rp

÷ Fwpg;gpl;l cw;gj;jpj; njhopw;ghl;by; msTj;jpl;l tpisT

÷ ehl;bd; gug;gsTk; mikTk;

÷ njhopypd; Muk;g epiy

÷ mur nfhs;if

÷ re;ijapd; Nghl;bj; jd;ik

÷ cw;gj;jpj; njhopw;ghl;by; gz;lq;fis tifg;gLj;jy;.

÷ cw;gj;jp tpUg;gk; (VjhtJ ehd;F fhuzpfSf;F 04 Gs;spfs;)

- 13 -

(ii) ,f;$w;wpw;F ,dq;fyhk;. ,yq;ifapd; Vw;Wkjpg; Nghf;F INuhg;gpa ehLfspdJk;; mnkupf;f ehLfspdJk; gf;fk;

jpirKfg;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sJ.

c-k; : 2015 Mk; Mz;L ,yq;ifapd; Vw;Wkjpg; Nghf;Fj; jpir gpd;tUkhW

ehLfs; nkhj;j Vw;Wkjpg; gq;fspg;G ^]&

If;fpa mnkupf;f ehL 27

If;fpa ,uhr;rpak; 11

INuhg;gpa rq;fk; 12

mNj Nghy; ,yq;ifapd; ,wf;Fkjpg; Nghf;F Mfpa ehLfspd; gf;fk; jpirKfg;gLj;jgg;gl;lJ.

c-k; : 2015 Mk; Mz;L ,yq;ifapd; ,wf;Fkjpg;; Nghf;Ffspd; jpir gpd;tUkhW

ehLfs; nkhj;j Vw;Wkjpg; gq;fspg;G ^]&

,e;jpah 23

rPdh 20

rpq;fg;g+u 6

ag;ghd; 7

(02 Gs;spfs;)

(iii) (m) tu;j;jf epYit = Vw;Wkjp - ,wf;Fkjp = 1200 - 1800

= -600 (01 Gs;sp)

(M) Nritf; fzf;F = fhg;GWjp (NjwpaJ) + Rw;Wyh (NjwpaJ) + Nghf;Ftuj;J + epjpr; Nrit (NjwpaJ)

= (30 - 20) + (60 - 10) + ( 140 - 120) + (25 - 15) = 10 + 50 + 20 + 10 = 90 (01 Gs;sp)

(,) Muk;gf; tUkhdf; fzf;F epYit = Njwpa tl;bAk; ,yhgKk; + Copau; rk;gsk; (NjwpaJ)

= (5 - 25) + (7 - 12) = (- 20) + (-5) = - 25 (01 Gs;sp)

(<) ,ilepiy tUkhdf; fzf;F epYit = Copau; efu;T NjwpaJ

= 300 - 80 = 220 (01 Gs;sp)

(iv) Kfhik nra;ag;gl;l ngausT ehza kw;WtPjk; my;yJ kpjf;Fk; ehza khw;WtPjk; vd;gJ

epiyahd ehza khw;WtPjk; kw;Wk; kpjf;Fk; ehza khw;WtPjk; Mfpa ,U KiwfspYk; cs;s

rpwe;j ,ay;Gfspd; mD$yq;fisg; ngw;Wf;nfhs;s vLf;fg;gl;l mt;tpUKiwfspd; fyg;ghFk;.

,q;F ehza mjpfhupahy; cs;ehl;L ehza myF xd;Wf;F epiyahd ehza khw;WtPjk;

xd;iwj; jPu;khdpj;J mij Fwpg;gpl;l xU guk;gypy; jsk;g tplg;gLk;.

gug;igj; jhz;b ehza khw;W tPjk; khw;wk; milAk; epiyapy; ehza khw;WtPjj;jpd; Nja;itAk;

ngWkjp mjpfupg;igAk; jLg;gjw;F kj;jpa tq;fpahy; ru;tNjr ehzar; re;ijapy; cs;ehl;L ehza

tpw;gdT nfhs;tdT nra;tjd; %yk; ehza khw;WtPjj;jpd; jsk;gy; fl;Lg;gLj;jg;gLk;.

,k;Kiwapd; fPo; re;ij rf;jpfs; %yk; ehza khw;W tPjk; Rje;jpukhf jPu;khdpf;f ,lkspf;fhJ>

- 14 -ehza khw;WtPjj;jpy; jsk;giyf; fl;Lg;gLj;j kj;jpa tq;fp ru;tNjr ehza re;ijapy;

jiyaPl;il Nkw;nfhs;tjhy; mJ Rj;je;jpukhd kpjf;f tply; my;yhJ mRj;jkhd kpjf;ftply; vd

mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gLk;.

kpjf;Fk; ehza khw;WtPjj;jpd; fPo; FWq;fhyj;jpy; ehza khw;WtPjjjpd; jsk;giyf; fl;Lg;gLj;j

ehzar; re;ijapy; jiyapLtJld; ePz;lfhyj;jpy; re;ijrf;jpfs;%yk; ehza khw;WtPjj;ijj;

jPu;khdpf;f ,lkspf;fg;gLk;. (04 Gs;spfs;)

(v) ghJfhg;G thjk; vd;why; cs;ehl;L ,ilepiy ifj;njhopy;fis ntspehl;Lg; Nghl;b cw;gj;jpahsu;fsplk;

,Ue;J ghJfhg;gjhFk;. ghJfhg;G thjj;Jf;F vjpuhf cyfpy; tu;j;jf xOq;fikg;G cUthfpAs;sJ.

mtw;wpd; %yk; ehLfshy; Rq;ftup Rq;ftup my;yh tu;j;jfj; jilfs; Nkw;nfhs;tjw;F jiltpjpg;gjd;

%yk; cyf tu;j;j;fj;ij NkYk; tpupthf;f eltbf;if Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;Ls;sd. ,q;F cyf tu;j;jf

mikg;Gf;fs; gpd;tUk; njhopw;ghLfis Mw;wpAs;sJ. (02 Gs;spfs;)

- tu;j;jf xg;ge;jq;fis Nkw;nfhs;s Ngr;Rthu;j;ijfis Nkw;nfhs;sy;

- xg;ge;jq;fis eilKiwg;gLj;jYk; mtw;wpd; Nkw;ghu;itAk;

- tu;j;jf ru;r;irfis ePf;fy;

- mq;fj;Jt ehLfSf;fpilNa tu;j;jff; nfhs;ssit tpUj;jp nra;jy;.

- r%fj;ij mwpTWj;jy;.

- ehLfSf;F njhopDl;g cjtp toq;fy; (VjhtJ ,uz;L fhuzpfSf;F 02 Gs;spfs;)

9 (i) cau; nghUshjhu tsu;r;rp Ntfj;ij vjpu;ghu;f;Fk; nghUshjhunkhd;wpy; gpd;tUk; Njitfs; g+u;j;jp

nra;ag;gly; Ntz;Lk;.

- Ngupdg; nghUshjhu cWjpiag; Ngzy;.

- nghUshjhuj;jpy; Nrkpg;igAk; KjyPl;ilAk; cau;kl;lj;jpy; Ngz Ntz;Lk;.

- tl;b tPjj;ij Fiwe;j kl;lj;jpy; Ngzy;.

- tuptPjj;ij ,yFgLj;jy;.

- ntspehl;L KjyPl;il Cf;Ftpj;jy;;.

- tsq;fis mjpfupj;jy; - njhopDl;gj;ij tpUj;jp nra;jy;.

- khdplj; jpwid tpUj;jp nra;jy;.

- ey;yhl;rp

(VNjDk; 04 fhuzpfSf;F 04 Gs;spfs;)

(ii) nghUshjhu tsu;r;rpapd; mD$yq;fs;.

- cau;kl;l tho;f;ifj;juj;ijg; ngw;Wf;nfhs;s Kbjy;.

- Ntiy tha;g;G tPjk; mjpfupj;jy;.

- mur epjpapy; rhjfkhd jd;ik Vw;gly;.

- tu;j;jfj;Jiwapy; ek;gpf;ifj; jd;ik tpUj;jpailAk;.

- kf;fSf;F Kd;igtpl tha;g;Gf;fs; $Lk;.


nghUshjhu tsu;r;rpapd; nryT

- #oy; gpur;rpid.

- gztPf;f epiy Vw;gLk;.

- tUkhdg; guk;gy; rkdpd;ik Vw;gLk;.

- epfo;fhy Efu;Tkl;lk; tPo;;r;rpailjy;.


- 15 -

(iii) mgptpUj;jp vd;gJ gy;gupkhzj; nraw;ghlhFk;. tUkhdk; cau;tiljy;> tho;f;ifj;ju cau;T>

cau;kl;l Rfhjhu Nghrid epiyik> nropg;ghd fyhrhu tho;f;if> jdpegu; Rje;jpuj;ij

cWjpg;gLj;jy; Nghd;w Njitfs; g+u;j;jpailjy; mgptpUj;jpahFk;. nghUshjhu tsu;r;rp Vw;gLtij

kl;Lk; mgptpUj;jpahff; nfhs;sKbahJ vd;gJ ,jd;%yk; fhl;lg;gLfpd;wJ.

Nkw;Fwpg;gpl;l epyikfis miltjw;F mtrpakhd cau;tUkhdj;ij mile;Jnfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.

mt;thwhd tUkhd kl;lj;ij cau;e;j nghUshjhu tsu;r;rpapdhy; jhd; mile;Jnfhs;s KbAk;.

nghUshjhu tsu;r;rpAld; Ntiytha;g;gpy; mjpfupg;Gk; tUkhd kl;lk; mjpfupg;Gk; Vw;gLk;. vdNt

mgptpUj;jpf;Fg; nghUshjhu tsu;r;rp vd;gJ Kd; epge;jidahFk;.

(iv) r%ftpay; khWepiyg; Nghf;fpy; njl;lj;njspthff; fhzg;gLk; ,ay;Gfis %d;W fhuzpfspd;

cjtpAld; tpsf;fyhk;.

÷ kpfTk; cau;e;j gpwg;G tPjk;> nkhj;j ,wg;G tPjk; mjw;Fr; rkkhd jho;e;j rdj;njhif

tsu;r;rp Ntfk; Nghd;w rhjfkw;w epiyapypUe;J kpfTk; jhoe;j ,wg;G tPjk;> gpwg;GtPjk; jho;e;j

rdj;njhif tsu;r;rp Ntfk; vd;w rhjfkhd epiyf;F khwy;.

÷ rdj;njhifapd; taJf;fllikg;G $k;gf tbtpypUe;J cUis tbTf;F khWjy;.

÷ kpfTk; cau;e;j jq;fptho;Nthu; epiyapy; ,Ue;J rhjhuz jq;fptho;Nthu; epiyf;F khWjy;.

(02 Gs;spfs;)

mjd; tpisTfshf gpd;tUtdtw;iw Kd;itf;fyhk;.

÷ rdj;njhif cgfhuj; njhif$ ed;nfhil rhjfkhd epiynahd;W cUthfpAs;sJld;

Ntiynra;Ak; tanjy;iy 60 tajhff; nfhz;ly;. mJ 2017 tiu epyTk;.÷ mjd; rhjfj;jd;ikfs;

- Fbj;jdr; Nrkpg;G tYg;ngWk;.

- r%f eyr; nryTfs; Fiwtiltjhy; mur epjpnjhlu;ghd gpur;rpidfs; xU tifapy

jPu;thf mikAk;.

- jdpahu; kw;Wk; mur Nrkpg;ig KjyPLfspy; <LgLj;jyhk;.

- nghUshjhu tsu;r;rp vjpu;ghu;g;G cau;tilAk;.

÷ vdpDk; ,r;rhjfj;jd;ik Fwpg;gpl;l fhy vy;iy Kbtile;jjd; gpd; jq;fp thOk; KjpNahu;

tPjk; mjpfupg;gjhy; Ntiynra;Ak; tajpYs;s rdj;njhif Fiwtiljy;> r%f eyr; nryTfs;

mjpfupj;jy;. KjpNahUf;F ghJfhg;gpd;ik Nghd;w gpur;rpidfshd epiyikfSf;F Kfq;nfhLf;f

Ntz;b Vw;glyhk;.

÷ ngz;fspd; MAs; vjpu;ghu;g;G Mz;fspd; MAs; vjpu;ghu;g;ig kpQ;rpr; nry;tjhy; taJ Kjpu;e;j

ngz;fspd; njhif mjpfupg;gjhy; mtu;fs; ghJfhg;gw;w epiy vd;gd Vw;glyhk;.

(v) fle;j %d;W gj;jhz;Lfspy; ,yq;ifapy; nkhj;j tWik kl;lk; tPo;r;rpaile;J fhl;LtJld; gpuNjr

uPjpahfTk; JiwuPjpahfTk; tWikapy; ,d;Dk; NtWghL fhzg;gLfpd;wJ.

cjhuzk; : rdj;njhif tWikr;Rl;nlz; khw;wkile;j Kiw.

Jiw 1995/96 2002 2006/7 2009/10 2012/13,yq;if 28.8 22.7 15.2 8.9 6.7efuk; 14.0 7.9 6.7 5.3 2.1fpuhkk; 30.9 24.7 15.7 9.4 7.6ngUe;Njhl;lk; 38.4 30.0 32.0 11.4 10.9

- 16 -

khfhz uPjpahf vLj;Jf;nfhz;lhy; Fiwe;j tWik kl;lkhf 2'0] Nky; khfhzk; gjpT nra;ag;gl;Ls;sJld;

cau;e;j tWik kl;lkhd 15'4] Cth khfhzj;jpy; gjpT nra;ag;gl;lJ.

khtl;l kl;lj;jpy; ftdpf;Fk;NghJ nfhOk;G khtl;lj;jpy; tWik 1'4] MfTk; Ky;iyj;jPT khtl;lj;jpy;

27'8] MfTk; gjpT nra;ag;gl;Ls;sJ.

fle;j gj;jhz;Lfspy; ,yq;ifapd; tUkhdg; guk;gy; rkkpd;ik cau;kl;lj;jpy; fhzg;gl;lJld; mjd;

jPtpuj;jd;ik rpwpjsT Fiwe;Js;sJ>

FLk;gq;fSf;fpilNa tUkhdg; guk;gy;

tUlk;Fiwe;j tUkhdk; ngWk;

10] ,d; tUkhdj;jpy; tPjk;

cau; tUkhdk; ngWk;

FLk;gq;fspd; 10]cupa

tUkhd tPjk;

FLk;gq;fspd;gb

fpdpf;Fzfk;

2006/7 1.6 40.1 0.49

2009/10 1.6 39.5 0.49

2012/13 1.5 38.0 0.48

fle;j rpy jrhg;jq;fspy; ,yq;ifapd; tWik Fiwtjw;F tUkhdg; guk;gypd; rkj;Jtkpd;ikapd;

jPtpuj;jd;ik tPo;r;rpaile;Js;sik xU fhuzkhff; fhzg;gl;lhYk; murpdhy; Kd;ndLf;fg;gl;l tpupthd

r%fg; ghJfhg;G tiyaikg;G> twpNahu; epthuzk;> fy;tp kw;Wk; Rfhjhu Nghd;w r%f ey Nritfs;

vd;gd Kf;fpa gq;fspg;Gr; nra;Js;sjhff; fhl;Lfpd;wJ.

10 (i) ,yq;ifapd; Rw;Wyhj; Jiw njhlu;ghd vjpu;ghu;g;Gf;fis fPNo Fwpg;gpl;lthW fhl;lyhk;. - ,yq;iff;F tUk; cy;yhrg; gpuahzpfspd; njhif mjpfupj;jy;.

- cau;> jho;> kj;jpa vd;w vy;yh kl;lq;fspYKs;s cy;yhrg; gazpfisAk; ftu;jy;.

- jdpahs; nryT cau; kl;lj;jpy; fhzg;gLk; cs;shrg; gazpfisf; ftUjy;.

rthy;fs;.

- vjpu;ghu;f;Fk; cy;yhrg; gazpfspd; njhiff;F Vw;g N`hl;ly; Jiwfs; fhzg;glhik.

- gapw;wg;gl;l Copau;fspd; NjitAk; - Copa efu;Tk;

- cyfg; gpurpj;jpngw;w N`hl;ly;fs; ,yq;if gw;wp Fwpg;gpl;lsT fuprid nfhs;shikAk; nfhOk;gpy;

N`hl;ly;fSf;F tpjpf;fg;gl;Ls;s Fiwe;j fl;lzKk;.

- Rw;Wyhj; Jiwapy; cau;> kj;jpa> jho;e;j ju cy;yhrg; gpuahzpfs; njhlu;ghf cghaq;fis

Nkw;nfhs;sy;

- Kiwaw;w Jiwfis khw;wpaikj;jy;.

- ghupa guk;gYila rPdhtpy; ,Ue;J tUk; Rw;Wyhg; gpuahzpfspy; tpUj;jpf;F Vw;w tifapy;

trjpfis toq;ff; $ba Mw;wy;.

- ,uT jq;fpapUf;Fk; gazpfspd; njhiff;F Vw;g ruhrup fhytiuaiuia gytUlq;fSf;F mt;thNw

elhj;jpr; nry;yy;

- Gj;jhf;fg; gpuNtrj;jpd; mtrpak;

(ii) NghjpasT cl;fl;likg;G trjpapd;ik. - njhopw;rq;fq;fspd; jiyaPL

Kiwaw;w kpd;rhu toq;fy; - tupKiwapy; fhzg;gLk; ,lu;ghLfs;

cWjpaw;w mur nfhs;if - fLk; rl;ljpl;lq;fs;.

murpay; ];jpukw;w jd;ik - ntspehl;L ehzakhw;W mirT njhlu;ghd tiuaiwfs;.

- 17 -

(iii) ,yq;ifapy; mz;ikf; fhyj;jpy; nghUshjhu tsu;r;rpapy; cau;e;j gq;fspg;Gr; nra;j Jiwfs; fPNo

fhl;lgl;Ls;sJ.

2015 Mz;L nkhj;j cs;ehl;L

cw;gj;jpapd; gq;fspg;G (tPjj;jpy;)

- tu;j;jfk;> Nghf;Ftuj;J> jq;Fkpl trjpfs; 23'2] - cw;gj;jpf; ifj;njhopy; 15'7] - epjp> fhg;GWjp> tPl;LupikAk; nrhj;J tpw;gidAk;. 12'3] - njhopy; NritfSk; Vida jdpg;gl;l NritfSk; 11'8] (iv) - ru;tNjr tu;j;jfk; ghupastpy; tPo;r;rpg; Nghf;iff; fhl;Lfpd;wJ.

- 2000 Mk; Mz;by; nkhj;j cs;ehl;L cw;gj;jpapy; 80% nghUl;fs; Nritfs; tu;j;jfk; 2013 MFk;

NghJ 54% tPo;r;rpaile;Js;sJ.

- Aj;jk; Kbtile;J 5 tUlq;fSf;F Nkyhff; fhzg;gl;lhYk; Neub ntspehl;L KjyPL nkhj;j

cs;ehl;L cw;gj;jpapy; 25% tplf; FiwT. - ,yq;if cyf tu;j;jfj;jpy; 1980 ,y; fhzg;gl;l tpfpjhrhuj;jpw;F Fiwe;Js;sik

- 2004 ,y; Vw;Wkjpg; ngWkjp nkhj;j cs;ehl;L cw;gj;jpapy; 28% kl;Lk;. mJ 2014 y; 15%

Fiwe;Js;sJ.

- ,yq;ifapd; Vw;Wkjpf; fl;likg;G ,d;Dk; Muk;gepiyapy; fhzg;gLfpd;wik.

(v) 2000 tUlj;jpy; Kd;itf;fg;gl;l Gj;jhapukhk; Mz;L mgptpUj;jp Fwpf;Nfhs;fspd; njhlu;r;rpahf 2015 Mz;L If;fpa ehLfs; rigapy; epiyNgwhd mgptpUj;jp FwpaPLfs; ntspaplg;gl;Ls;sJ.

,e; epiyNgwhd mgptpUj;jpapy; 5 gue;j Jiwfs; cs;sd. mit>

÷ kf;fis tWikapy; ,Ue;J kPl;nlLj;jy;.

÷ g+Nfhsj;ijg; ghJfhj;jy;.

÷ nrsghf;fpaj;ij cUthf;fy;

÷ rkhjhdj;ij epiyehl;ly;.

÷ cyf gq;Fliknahd;iw Vw;gLj;jy;.

,g;gue;j Jiwfis epiwNtw;wpf; nfhs;s 17 epiyNgwhd mgptpUj;jpf; Fwpf;Nfhs;fs;

mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sd.

cjhuzk; - vy;yh tifahd tWikiaAk; xopj;jy;.

- gl;bdpia ePf;fYk; czTg; ghJfhg;Gk; epiyNgwhd tptrha tpUj;jpAk;.

- midtUf;Fk; Rfeykhd tho;f;if epiyia cWjpg;gLj;jy;.

,f;Fwpf;Nfhs;fs; %yk; mila vjpu;ghu;f;Fk; ,yf;Ffs; 169 MFk;. 2030 Mk; Mz;L KbtilAk;NghJ

,t;tpyf;Ffis epiwNtw;wpf; nfhs;s vjpu;ghu;f;fg;gLfpd;wJ.

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