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Muhammad Irawan Saputra,
S.I.Kom., M.I.Kom
Nilai Berita
Elemen Nilai Berita
– Immediacy / kebaruan / trending
– Proximity / kedekatan
– Consequence / mempengaruhi pembaca
Elemen Nilai Berita
– Conflict
– Oddity / tidak biasa terjadi
– sex
Elemen Nilai Berita
– Emotion
– Prominence / ketokohan
– Suspense / sesuatu yang sangat ditunggu
– Progress / perkembangan sesuatu
Muhammad Irawan Saputra,
S.I.Kom., M.I.Kom
Philosophy of
The Press
Definition
– Reference of principal system for practical solving press problem
– Press philosophy build from national political system
Authoritarian Press Theory
– The oldest theory (Abad 16)
– Obsolute power
Basic thinking
– Civilized people must obey the government
– The thruth base from a few people
– Press support government policy
– Strict supervision to the press
Libertarian Press Theory
– As the development of enlightment, and the development of economic,
religious, and political, this theory emerges
– Human beings are rational creatures and is able to distinguish good and bad
– The press is not the government utility, but the tool seeker of the truth
Libertarian Press Theory
– All ideas should have the same opportunities to be developed, so that the right
to survive and the wrong vanished (self-righting process, John Milton)
Real implementation:
– Has the lowest grade to do the right thing
– Very rarely controlling the government
– High circulation and profit
– Provide the biggest quantity of information and entertainment
– Didn’t concern about people need
Social Responsibility Theory
– The Authoritarian and Libertarian theory as the basic of two others
– Social Responsibility Theory is improvement from Libertarian Theory
– Social Responsibility believe that Libertarian simplify the problem
Hutchins Commision
(Commision on The Freedom of The Press-1949)
Media requirements to be Social Responsibility Press
– Providing daily event informations that trustworthy, complete, separate facts and
opinions, depth, and meaningfull
– Providing a forum for exchange coment and criticism from all sides (include provide
opinion that is contradiction from media view, represent an important idea in society,
identify news source)
Hutchins Commision
(Commision on The Freedom of The Press-1949)
Media requirements to be Social Responsibility Press
– Media should project a picture that truly represents the constituent groups in society
(providing good and bad character of communities)
– Media should present and explain the objectives and values of the society (media as
educational instrument)
– Media must provide full access to information that is hidden somewhere
Social Responsibility Theory
– This theory respond hope of American people about waiting self control of
Libertarian Pers
– Double function of the Press as profit seeker and serving people must balance
– This theory have place guarantee of minority and opposition communitiy voices
The Soviet Communist Theory
– This theory emerged after the Russian revolution (1917)
– This theory was based on Authoritarian Theory
– Everithing on government oversight
– Only RRC still run this theory
The different from other theories
– Non profit motif of the press
– Non popularity content on the press
– Social change orientation
Development Press & Democratic
participant Theory (McQuail)
Development Press Theory
– Development Press Theory used by Third countries
– Press as tools of development, autonomy, and cultural identity
– Press as supporting system of national development policies
Development Press & Democratic
participant Theory (McQuail)
Development Press Theory
– Press freedom limited by economic and development priorities
– Press giving more prority to culture and national language
– Press giving more priority about regional information
– Press officers must have freedom to do their works
– Limitation from government is justified
Development Press & Democratic
participant Theory (McQuail)
Democratic Participant Theory
Honor of:
– Needs and interests of receiver of information in political society
– diversity
– Small scale
– locality
– De-insitututionalization
– Equality in society
– interaction
Development Press & Democratic
participant Theory (McQuail)
Democratic Participant Theory
Criticize:
– Modern Liberal pers society
– Civil media Commerciality and monopoly
– Centrality of public broadcast (social responsibility effect)
– Paternalistic and elitist of public broadcasting organizations
– Thank you