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£]T2 ¤T" ����� <`" D �Vw�Vs�ael!��]" ��¥%ij �2* kPaij� �¦§¨©*5ª�6�7«8� ��]T2 ij�bc!" ¬�/���� �¦§®," 9�Y¯:M.��¡`4]M8� " �;°<=�6�*%A«±,]hh" �#�t�²)>³9%A,$O´@P1µ¶A·]@P12����� : ?¸�" ¹º%,»"¯:"@¼$"6�%
E#ects of Organic Matter, Clay, and Water
Content on Water Repellency of Sandy Soils
Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
D.A.L. LEELAMANIE, Jutaro KARUBE
E#ects of hydrophobic and hydrophilic organic
compounds, clays, and water content on soil water
repellency under wetting and drying processes were
examined. Stearic acid or glucomannan or both were
used as organic compounds and kaolinite or Na-mont-
morillonite was used as a clay conditioner. Soil wa-
ter repellency was estimated using water drop pene-
tration time test. Repellency did not appear in sam-
ples without stearic acid. In wetting process, addi-
tion of + to ,� clay increased soil water repellency.
In drying process, critical water content increased
with kaolinite content. Soil water repellency disap-
peared with montmorillonite but not with kaolinite.
Maximum repellency was observed not at oven dried
but at air dried condition. The range of water con-
tent at which soils exhibit water repellency increased
with kaolinite content and further increased with glu-
comannan addition. Soil water repellency was sen-
sitive to water content at about air dried condition.
Key words : soil water repellency, organic matter, clay,
water content
J. Jpn. Soc. Soil Phys.
�#���%No. +*/, p. .3./2 /,**10
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ing Device, Sandy Soil, Soil Pollution
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e©f7ª�;<«¬6C70CC���,TY�«f�7®¯T9: �NO--N� gP99:°�3±hi �d+/N� �j²AK� �6k,���U3³P«f��7 NO--NgP�´�A� l7µk��J3³P¶.��K� mnµk97·¸�¹�º�;�K� ��\�� ��op^»hjqrop79:�U.��A23�9SX<1K������ : �s4� ®¯T9:gP� 9:°�3±
hi� GIS
Measurements of Moisture Properties of
Takamatsuzuka Tumulus Soil
National Institute of Cultural Properties Tokyo
Magdi KHALIL, Takeshi ISHIZAKI
The University of Tokyo Masaru MIZOGUCHI
There are many beautiful mural paintings inside
the stone chamber of tumulus in Asian countries. In
Japan, mural paintings of Takamatsuzuka tumulus
were painted in eighth century. The special commit-
tee for the conservation of these paintings decided to
keep these paintings in the tumulus in the similar con-
dition before the excavation. Recently fungi were
found on the wall surface and caused severe damages
for paintings. In order to clarify the cause of the fun-
gi and find suitable protective measures, it is neces-
sary to know the moisture and temperature condi-
tions and other necessary physical properties of the
mound soil and stone chamber. For this purpose, soil
samples were obtained from the mound by air boring
method and moisture, thermal and mechanical prop-
erties were obtained. These measured physical prop-
erties were used to propose protective measures of
the Takamatsuzuka Tumulus.
Key words : Takamatsuzuka Tumulus, mural paint-
ings, soil physics properties
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YZ������������9�[\�]^ _
:`����� ;<ab+,=cdT�>?�8G",� +,=c88Ref�.@g�3hA�ij+A6 =+!��=�.hA3� generalized Clausius-Claypeyron kGCCl mnD471:�!#�BC=c+,43 GCCmnD�opD30ED�q� 9+A6 r�A�� sFmnD�Gt+A6 r�u��",=c88Ref�.hA�vwxy�z+Ac{� =c88�H�I�J�!2�40ED�opD3"*|K+A6����� : �=��Generalized Clausius-Claypeyron
mnD� +,=c� }~�+
Comparison of the Penman-Call model with
the Classical Models in Predicting Soil-Gas
Di#usivity for Volcanic Ash Soils
Graduate School of Science and Engineering,
Saitama University
Augustus C. RESURRECCION, Ken KAWAMOTO,
Toshiko KOMATSU
Dept. of Biotechnology, Chemistry and
Environmental Engineering, Aalborg University
Per MOLDRUP
The soil-gas di#usion coe$cient (Dp) govern the
transport and emission of greenhouse gases and vol-
atile organic chemicals in the unsaturated zone. Ac-
curate description of Dp is needed to realistically sim-
ulate the transport of gaseous phase contaminants.
In this study, we compare the performance of the re-
cently developed Penman-Call linear model with the
universally-used Millington-Quirk (+30+) and the clas-
sical Buckingham-Burdine-Campbell models for vol-
canic ash soils. The classical models failed to pre-
dict measured Dp especially at high soil-air contents
(dry soil conditions) whereas the Penman-Call model
captured the observed linear behavior of Dp for vol-
canic ash soils.
Key words : soil-gas di#usion coe$cient, air permea-
bility, organic matter, soil-water reten-
tion
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Biomass Decomposition and It’s E#ect On
Soil Physical and Hydraulic Properties
United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences,
Iwate University
Moniruzzaman Khan EUSUFZAI
Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University
Katsumi FUJII
A Field experiment was carried out to investigate
the e#ect of straw, sawdust and compost on three-
phase composition, water retention and hydraulic con-
ductivity. The rate of decomposition was also meas-
ured by the fine mesh litterbag study. The experi-
mental design was nine split blocks incorporated with
Sawdust, Rice straw and Compost at *�, +*�, ,*�and -*� of apparent soil volume. Mesh bags were
randomly assigned to three plots and buried below /
cm from the surface soil. Hanging water column and
centrifuge method was used to measure the water
retention curve. Hydraulic conductivity was deter-
mined by the disc permeameter (Perroux and White,
+322) method. Among the all amendments -*� in-
corporation reduced the solid phase as /.0*�, /.+0�and ..*2� for compost, sawdust and straw, respec-
tively. Compost incorporated soil retained high soil
moisture at any suction level than straw and saw-
dust amended soil. Unsaturated hydraulic conduc-
tivity K (h), increased for compost and straw but de-
creased for sawdust incorporated soil for the same
potential used. Field saturated hydraulic conductiv-
ity (Kfs) increased by / times and - times for compost
and straw amended soil.
Key words : Biomass, decomposition, three-phase com-
position, hydraulic conductivity, water re-
tention
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