NỘI DUNGCUNG CẤP DIEN CHO NHA CAO TẦNG

n tt nghipCung cp in nh cao tng

CHNG IGII THIU V CNG TRNH1.1 Tng quan v cung cp in:1.1.1 S lc:Ngy nay, in nng ng vai tr ht sc quan trng trong i sng ca con ngi. Chnh v nhng u im vt tri ca n so vi cc ngun nng lng khc (d chuyn thnh cc dng nng lng khc, d truyn ti i xa, hiu sut cao), m in nng c s dng rng ri trong mi lnh vc, t cng nghip, dch v cho n phc v i sng sinh hot hng ngy ca mi gia nh. Hin ti, c th ni rng khng mt quc gia no trn th gii khng sn xut v tiu th in nng, v trong tng lai th nhu cu ca con ngi v ngun nng lng c bit ny s vn tip tc tng cao.Cng nghip in lc nc ta ng vai tr quan trng trong cng cuc xy dng hin i ho t nc. Trong nhng nm gn y, nn kinh t nc ta ang c nhng bc nhy vt ng k, i sng nhn dn ngy mt nng cao. Nhu cu in nng trong cc lnh vc cng nghip, nng nghip, dch v v sinh hot khng ngng tng trng. Nhm y nhanh tc pht trin ca t nc, p ng nhu cu v nng lng in, ng v nh nc quan tm u t mi mt v c s vt cht o to cn b k thut v cng nhn lnh ngh v c bit ch trng ti vic a li in quc gia ti mi min t nc, cung cp in phc v cho sinh hot v sn xut.Cng vi xu th hi nhp quc t hin nay l vic m rng quan h quc t, ngy cng c thm nhiu nh u t nc ngoi n vi chng ta. Do vy, vn t ra l chng ta cn phi thit k cc h thng cung cp in mt cch c bi bn v ng quy cch, ph hp vi cc tiu chun k thut hin hnh. C nh th th chng ta mi c th theo kp vi trnh ca cc nc. Tuy nhin, vic tnh ton thit k cung cp l mt cng vic ht sc kh khn i hi nh thit k ngoi lnh vc v chuyn mn k thut cn phi c s hiu bit v mi mt v mi trng, x hi, i tng cp in1.1.2 Nhng yu cu ch yu khi thit k mt h thng cung cp in:Thit k h thng cung cp in nh mt tng th v la chn cc phn t ca h thng sao cho cc phn t ny p ng c cc yu cu k thut, vn hnh an ton v kinh t. Trong mc tiu chnh l m bo cho h tiu th lun in nng vi cht lng nm trong phm vi cho php.Trong qu trnh thit k in, mt phng n la chn c coi l hp l khi n tho mn cc yu cu: Tnh kh thi cao. Vn u t nh. m bo tin cy cung cp in tuy theo mc tnh cht ph ti. Chi ph vn hnh hng nm thp. m bo an ton cho ngi v thit b. Thun tin cho vic bo dng v sa cha.m bo cht lng in, nht l m bo lch v dao ng in p b nht v nm trong gii hn cho php so vi nh mc.Ngoi ra, khi thit k cung cp in cng cn ch ti cc yu cu pht trin ph ti tng lai, gim ngn thi gian thi cng lp t v tnh m quan ca cng trnh.1.1.3 Cc bc thc hin thit k cung cp in:Cc bc chnh ca cng vic thit k cung cp in cho chung c ny bao gm:1. Xc nh ph ti tnh ton cho ton chung c.2. Tnh ton chn my bin p, dung lng t b v ngun in d phng.3. Chon dy dn, CB, tnh ton ngn mch v st p cho tt c cc thit b.4. Chn s an ton in cho chung c.5. Tnh ton chng st, ni t chng st v ni t an ton.1.2 Ta nh KTX F1-F2 i hc quc gia Tp.H Chnh Minh (KTX-HQG) :i hc quc gia thnh ph H Chnh Minh l i hc ln mnh ca thnh ph H Chnh Minh ni ring, v c nc ni chung. Chnh cht lng o to to nn mt ch ng vng chi cho h thng i hc quc gia. Do , sinh vin theo hc ti cc trng thuc h thng ngy cng nhiu. p ng nhu cu theo hc ca sinh, c mt ni khang trang, to khng gian tt cho sinh vin thoi mi hc tp th i hc quc gia tp.H Ch Minh ch ng xy dng nn mt h thng cc k tc x, v F1-F2 l mt trong s .S lc v K tc x F1&F2 Khu B, L F:a ch: khu B - k tc x sinh vin i Hc Quc Gia Thnh Ph H Ch Minh - p Tn Ha X ng Ha Huyn D An - Tnh Bnh Dng. Gm 16 tng:

Bng 1.1. Bng cn bng t ai l t L tDin Tch(m2)DinTchXDCng Trnh(m2)MtX (%)DtgtNi b(m2)DtCyXanhTDTT (m2)S TngDin Tch Sn XD (m2)H S S Dng tS Phng KTXSNgiPhcV

KHU B L F227872,38910.58,8911,5081640,2631.776725,376

1.2.1 Cc thit b tiu th in ca khu chung c :Cc thit b chiu sng: bao gm chiu sng cng cng (tng hm, hnh lang, cu thang, thang my). Chiu sng cho cc phng sinh hot cng ng v phng sinh hot-ng ca sinh vin.Chiu sng cho ton b cng trnh s dng cc loi n sau: n hunh quang. n compact. n ch li thot him. n Exit. n chiu sng s c Emegrency.ng c: thang my, bm nc, bm cha chy, bm tng p, bm b p, qut tng p (c s dng lm tng p sut, chng khi v la cho li thot him khi xy ra ho hon).Cc thit b in cho phng sinh hot ca sinh vin: qut, n1.2.2 Phng n phn phi h thng in : Ngun in t in lc: Cc t in tng dng loi t in v thp m km c sn tnh in dy ti thiu 2mm cho t MDB v 1,5mm cho cc t cn li. T phn phi chnh phi c lp t trn b b tng dy ti thiu 150mm v phi c ng cho h thng cp in i vo t. T phi c h thng thng gi khi cn thit c b tr bn hng hay trn nc t. Lp n bo pha, Vol k, Ampe k, Bin dng, o in cho Ampe k.

Ngun t my pht:Mt my pht in d phng 300 (KVA) t ti phng my pht tng hm cp ngun cho chung c khi s c my bin p hoc cp in. Khi chy my pht d phng, h thng ct bt ti s c iu khin bi phng k thut s sa thi bt ph ti khng quan trng, trnh qu ti cho my pht (cc ti b sa thi c th hin r trong chng 2). Phng n i dy ng lc v dy phn phi: Ly ngun t trm 1250(KVA) bn ngoi vo theo thit k h tng k thut- phn quy hoch cung cp in . Cp h th ngm i vo tng hm, sau i trn cable tray ti t in chnh. Cp t t in chnh ln cc t in tng c i trn thang cp 500.200mm. . Cp t cc t in tng qua t ng h bng cable tray ( theo bn v chi tit ) sau s i trn cc cable tray ti cc t in phng. Cp t cable tray n t cc phng c lun trong ng PVC D32. T t in phng, cp in s c lun trong ng, tan b s c i m tng/ trn ti cc thit b tiu th in. T in iu khin, t in phn phi:Cc t in tng dng t in loi v tole sn tnh in dy 2mm, lp n bo pha, Vol k, Ampe k, o in cho Ampe k, ngt in t ng CB.Cc t in tng dng t in loi v tole sn tnh in bt ni hoc m tng, thit b ng dng MCCB 1 pha hoc 3 pha bo v t v nhit. Chiu cao treo cc thit b :T in, cng tc mc cch sn 1.35 m. cm mc cch sn 0.35m.Cc hp t in mc cch sn 1.35 m tnh n y t. Ni t bng in, ni t thit b :Dng cc cc thp m km chng n mn v cc loi cp ng trn (50,70,95,120,185) mm2, tin hnh ni ng th cho ton to nh. Hnh v c th hin chng sau.H thng ni t ln cc bng in lu, cc thit b ng lc, dng cp rut ng mt li v cch in PVC lm dy ni t, cc mch ng lc nh cm bp, d tr my lnh u c dy ni t i km ni v v tole bng in tng.

1.2.3 S mt bng tng th ca KTX F1-F2 v phn thuyt minh:S mt bng ca KTX c th hin trong cc bn v. + Mt bng tng hm: l ni u xe, phng t my pht, phng t my bm, phng k thut. + Mt bng tng trt : l ni sinh hot cng ng, vn phng qun l sinh vin, vn phng qun l chung, git sy, nh v sinh.+ Mt bng tng 2: sinh hot cng ng, vn phng qun l sinh vin, vn phng qun l chung, nh v sinh.+ Mt bng tng 3-16: l cc phng sinh vin, mi tng gm 48 cn.+ Mt bng tng thng: tng trn cng vi cc qut gi v bung iu khin thang my.1.3 Nhng yu cu s dng in ca KTX Block F1-F2:1.3.1 Nhng yu cu v cht lng in : Vic cung cp in phi lin tc, trnh trnh trng gin on. Nu c s c mt in th phi gii quyt mt cch nhanh nht rt ngn nht thi gian mt in.1.3.2 tin cy cung cp in :L kh nng cung cp in lin tc cho cc thit b in, y tin cy tu thuc vo tnh cht quan trng ca cc loi thit b cn phi hot ng lin tc khi in khu vc b mt m bo an ton cho hot ng ca mi thit b trong nh my nh ng c, n1.3.3 Cht lng in nng :Cht lng in c nh gi qua hai ch tiu : Tn s f v in p U:-Tn s : Do trung tm iu iu khin ch c nhng h tiu th ln (hng chc MVA) mi quan tm n ch vn hnh ca mnh sao cho hp l gp phn n nh tn s ca h thng.-in p : l vn cn phi quan tm v n nh hng trc tip n vic vn hnh v tui th ca thit b. V vy phi lun m bo in p dao ng trong khong 5% xung quanh in p Um.1.3.4 An ton :Phi c bin php m bo an ton cho ngi v thit b. V vy, phi chn s v cch i dy phi r rng, trnh trng hp vn hnh nhm. Chn thit b ng tnh nng s dng, ph hp vi cp in p v dng in lm vic.

1.3.5 Kinh t : Thit k cung cp sao cho va m bo nhu cu s dng in hp l cng nh phi xt n tnh kinh t.Ngoi cc yu cu trn, tu theo iu kin c th i hi phi c cc nhu cu ring. i vi chung c ny ta phi thit k cung cp sao cho va c tnh an ton cao ng thi cng phi c tnh thm m, vn minh hin i.

CHNG IIPH TI TNH TON2.1 nh ngha v ph ti tnh ton :Vic xc nh ph ti tnh ton gip ta xc nh c tit din dy dn (Sdd) n tng t ng lc, cng nh n tng thit b, gip ta c s lng cng nh cng sut my bin p, ta chn cc thit b bo v cho tng thit b, cho tng t ng lc, cho t phn phi. tnh ton thit k in, trc ht cn xc nh nhu cu ti thc t ln nht. Nu ch da vo vic cng s hc ca tng ti trn li, iu ny s dn n khng kinh t. Mc ch ca chng ny l ch ra cch gn cc gi tr h s ng thi v h s s dng trong vic tnh ton ph ti hin hu v thit k. Cc h s ng thi tnh n s vn hnh khng ng thi ca cc thit b trong nhm. Cn h s s dng th hin s vn hnh thng khng y ti. Cc gi tr ca cc h s ny c c da trn kinh nghim v thng k t cc li hin c.Ti c xc nh qua hai i lng :+ Cng Sut (KW).+ Cng Sut biu kin (KVA). Cng sut t (KW):Hu ht, cc thit b u c nhn ghi cng sut nh mc ca thit b (Pn). Cng sut t l tng cng sut nh mc ca cc thit b tiu th in trong li. y khng phi l cng sut thc.Vi ng c, cng sut nh mc l cng sut u ra trn trc ng c. Cng sut u vo r rng s ln hn.Cc n Hunh Quang v phng in c Ballast c cng sut nh mc ghi trn n. Cng sut ny nh hn cng sut tiu th bi n v ballast. Cng sut biu kin (KVA):Cng sut biu kin thng l tng s hc (KVA) ca cc ti ring bit. Ph ti tnh ton (KVA) s khng bng tng cng sut t.Cng sut biu kin yu cu ca mt ti (c th l mt thit b) c tnh t cng sut nh mc ca n (nu cn, c th phi hiu chnh i vi cc ng c) v s dng cc h s sau:

Cng sut biu kin yu cu ca ti:

Thc ra th tng s KVA khng phi l tng s hc cc cng sut biu kin ca tng ti (tr khi c cng h s cng sut). Kt qu thu c do s ln hn gi tr thc. Nhng trong thit k, iu ny l chp nhn c. H s s dng Ksd:L t s ca ph ti tnh ton trung bnh vi cng sut t hay cng sut nh mc ca thit b trong mt khong thi gian kho st (gi, ca, hoc ngy m,)

+ i vi mt thit b:

+ i vi mt nhm thit b: Ksd ==H s s dng ni ln mc s dng, mc khai thc cng sut ca thit b trong khong thi gian cho xem xt. H s ng thi Kt:L t s gia cng sut tc dng tnh ton cc i ti nt kho st ca h thng cung cp in vi tng cc cng sut tc dng tnh ton c i ca cc nhm h tiu th ring bit (hoc cc nhm thit b) ni vo nt :

H s ng thi ph thuc vo s cc phn t n i vo nhm:Kt = 0,9 0,95 khi s phn t n = 2 4Kt = 0,8 0,85 khi s phn t n = 5 102.2 Phng php tnh ph ti tnh ton:Hin nay, c rt nhiu phng php tnh ton ph ti tnh ton (PTTT). Da trn c s khoa hc tnh ton ph ti in v c hon thin v phng din l thuyt trn c s quan st cc ph ti in h tiu th in ang vn hnh.Thng thng, nhng phng php tnh ton n gin, thun tin li cho kt qu khng tht chnh xc, cn mun chnh xc cao th phi tnh ton li phc tp. Do vy, ty theo giai on thit k thi cng v yu cu c th m chn phng php tnh ton cho thch hp.Nguyn tc chung tnh PTTT ca h thng l tnh t thit b in ngc tr v ngun, tc l c tin hnh t bc thp n bc cao ca h thng cung cp in, v ta ch cn tnh ton ti cc im nt ca h thng in.Mc ch ca vic tnh ton ph ti in ti cc nt nhm:- Chn tit din dy dn ca li cung cp v phn phi in p t di 1000V tr ln.- Chn s lng v cng sut my bin p.- Chn tit din thanh dn ca thit b phn phi- Chn cc thit b chuyn mch v bo v.Tnh ton ph ti tnh ton Ptt theo h s s dng Ksd v Kt:Dng in nh mc ca tng thit b:p dng cng thc :

Dng in lm vic ca tng thit b:

Dng in ti trong cc dy dn :

Phng php tnh ton Ptt h s s dng Ksd

cos tb = cos (arctan(Qtt/Ptt))Vic xc nh Kt (h s ng thi) i hi s hiu bit chi tit v li v iu kin vn hnh ca tng ti ring bit trong li do vy kh c th cho gi tr chnh xc cho mi trng hp.2.3 Nhng yu cu khi thit k cung cp in:Khi thit k cung cp in cho mt cng trnh no phi c nhng yu cu nht nh. Do o, vic thit k cung cp in phi m bo cho h tiu th in c lng in nng yu cu vi cht lng tt. C th nu ra cc yu cu sau: tin cy khi cung cp in : tin cy khi cung cp in tu thuc vo h tiu th loi no, trong iu kin cho php ngi ta c gng chn phng n cung cp in c tin cy cng cao cng tt. Cht lng in:Cht lng in c nh gi bng 2 ch tiu: tn s v in p.Ch tiu tn s do c quan iu chnh h thng in iu chnh. Ch c nhng h tiu th ln (hng chc MW tr ln) mi phi quan tm n ch vn hnh ca mnh sao cho hp l gp phn n nh tn s ca h thng in.V vy, ngi ta thit k cung cp in thng quan tm m bo cht lng in p cho khch hng.Ni chung, in p li trung p v h p cho php dao ng quanh gi tr 5% in p nh mc. i vi nhng ph ti c yu cu cao v cht lng in p nh nh my ho cht, in t, c kh chnh xc in p cho php dao ng 2.5% in p nh mc. An ton cung cp in:H thng cung cp in phi c vn hnh an ton tuyt i vi ngi lm vic v thit b. Mun t c yu cu , ngi thit k phi chn s cung cp in hp l, r rng, mch lc trnh b nhm ln trong vn hnh, cc thit b in phi c chn ng chng loi, ng cng sut.Cng tc xy dng, lp t h thng cung cp in nh hng ln n an ton cung cp in.Cui cng, cng vic vn hnh qun l h thng in mt cch an ton c vai tr c bit quan trng. Ngi s dng phi tuyt i tun th nhng quy nh v an ton s dng in. Kinh t:Khi nh gi cc phng n cung cp in, ch tiu kinh t c xt n khi cc ch tiu k thut nu trn c m bo.Ch tiu kinh t c nh gi qua: Tng s vn u t, chi ph vn hnh v thi gian thu hi li vn. Vic nh gi ch tiu kinh t phi thng qua tnh ton v so snh t m gia cc phng n, t mi c th a ra phng n ti u.

2.4 Tnh ton ph ti cho K tc x F1-F2 i hc quc gia Tp.H Ch Minh: thun tin cho vic tnh ph ti tnh ton ta phn chia chung c ra thnh tng phn:- Tng hm : phng t my pht, phng t my bm, snh tng, khu vc u xe.- Tng 1: phng dch v git sy, vn phng qun l sinh vin, vn phng qun l chung, khng gian cng ng(x hi ha), nh v sinh.- Tng 2: vn phng qun l sinh vin, vn phng qun l chung, khng gian cng ng(x hi ha), nh v sinh, snh tng.- Tng 3-16: y l cc tng in hnh, bao gm phng ng-sinh hot ca sinh vin, phng qun l chung, ging nhau v mt kin trc ln cng sut tiu th in: Mi tng gm c 48 phng sinh vin, 2 phng sinh hot, 1 phng WC chung, v 1 phng t in tng, snh tng. Mi phng c 1 phng ln bao gm sinh hot v ng, 1 tolet.-Tng 16 ( Sn Thng)Ta c s nguyn l cung cp in c bn nh sau:

Hnh 2.1 S s nguyn l chung2.4.1 Tnh ton ph ti cho tng hm :Do c rt nhiu phng php tnh ton ph ti cho nh cao tng, y, ta tnh ton ph ti cho k tc x sinh vin theo phng php h s s dng Ksd v h s ng thi. V phng php ny tng i n gin v d thc hin.2.4.1.1 Xc nh ph ti khu vc tng hm:DB-GTa tnh ton c th cho mt s trng hp, cc trng hp cn li tin quan st ta c th lp bng thng k chi tit.T cc bng thng k chiu sng ta c:Khu vc tng hm s dng cc loi ph ti sau: n hunh quang gn ni 1.36 W, cng sut ca b (Pb) l 36 W cng sut ca ballat (Pbl) l 20% cng sut ca b n, vi cos = 0,6

=> tg = 1,33.Ptt cho 1 b n l:Phq = Pb + Pbl = 36 + (36. 20/100) = 43,2 (W)

Qtt = Ptt . tg = 43,2 .1,33 = 57,6 (Var)

= 72 (VA) n hunh quang gn ni 2.36 W, cng sut ca bng n(Pb) l 72W, cng sut ca ballat (Pbl) l 20% cng sut n, vi cos=0,6

=> tg=1,33.Ptt cho 1 b n l:Phq = Pb + Pbl = 72 + (72 . 20/100) = 86,4 (W)

Qtt = Ptt . tg = 86,4 .1,33 = 114,9 (Var)

= 144 (VA) S dng cm n 3 chu 10/16A/220V vi cos = 0,8

= 0,75Ptt cho 1 cm l:

Po/c = U.I. cos = 220 .10 . 0,8 = 1760 (W)Dng cm i nn:Pbo/c = Po/c . 2 = 1760.2 = 3520 (W)Ptto/c = Ksd.Kt. Pbo/cKsd : H s s dng khong (0,8; 1)( Theo IEC B36)Kdt : H s ng thiKt = 0,2Ptt = Ksd.Kdt .Pbo/c = 0,2.0,8.1760 = 281,6(W)

Qtt = Ptt. = 281,6.0,75 = 211,2 (Var)S = 352 (VA). Bng 2.1. Tnh ton tng t theo cc cng thc trn ta c ph ti chiu sng cho tng hm (DBG) Ph tiS lngcos

Cng sut (VA)

n HQ gn ni 2.36W: L1, L2160,61,332304

n HQ gn ni 2.36W: L3, L4150,61,332160

n HQ gn ni 2.36W: L5, L6150,61,332160

n HQ gn ni 2.36W: L780,61,331152

cm i 3 chu 10/16A/220V90,80,753168

Tng11944

Vy tng ta chn l: 12 KVAH s ng thi l: Kt = 0,9Suy ra cng sut tnh ton: Stt = 11 (KVA).

= 2.4.1.2 Ph ti tnh ton cho cc ng c: My bm cp nc: c 2 my bm cp nc (1 hoat ng, 1 d phong):

15 (KW); n=2 ci; cos = 0,8 =0,75; = 0,8; Ksd= 0,8; Kt= 0,5

= = 15 KW

Qtt= Pttb/tn . = 15 .0,75 = 11,25 KVAr Stt = 18,75 (KVA) My bm tng p: C 2 my bm tng p (1 hoat ng, 1 d phong):

3 (KW); n =2 ci, cos=0,8 =0,75; = 0,8; Ksd = 0,8; Kt=0,5

KW

Qtt= Pttb/tn.= 3.0,67= 0,95 KVArStt = 3,75 (KVA) My bm nc thi: c 2 my bm chm

3 KW; n=2 ci; cos=0,8; =0,75; = 0,8; Ksd = 0,8; Kt=0,5

KW

Qtt= Pttb/tn.= 3 .0,75= 2,25 KVArStt = 3,75 (KVA) My bm cha chy: c 3 my Bm cha chy ng c in: Q=165m3/h. H=100m

75 KW; n=2 ci; cos=0,8; =0,75; = 0,8%; Ksd = 0,8; Kt=0,5

KW

Qtt= Pttb/tn.= 75 .0,75= 56,25 KVArStt = 93,75 (KVA) Bm cha chy ng c Diesel: Q=165m3/h. H=100m Bm b p: Q= 9m3/h. H=95m, 2 my, 1 hot ng, 1 d phng.

3 KW, n=2 ci, cos=0,8 =0,75; = 0,8;Ksd = 0,8; Kt=0,5

KW

Qtt= Pttb/tn.= 3 .0,75= 2,25 KVArStt = 3,75 (KVA) My bm cha chy mng nc: c 2 my

18 KW; n=2 ci; cos=0,8 =0,75; = 0,8%; Ksd = 0,8; Kt=0,5

KW

Qtt= Pttb/tn.= 18 .0,75= 13,5 KVArStt = 22,5 (KVA)

Bng 2.2. Ph ti cc ng c my bmPh tiS lng

costb

Cng sutABC(VA)CS tng (VA)

Bm cha chy40,80,80,759750097500

Bm nc thi sinh hot40,80,80,7537503750

Bm tng p40,80,80,7537503750

Bm nc sinh hot40,80,80,751875018750

Bm cha chy mng nc40,80,80,752250022500

Tng146250

Qut ht tng hm:

0,37 KW; n=9 ci; cos=0,8 =0,75;Ku = 1; Kt=1

Stt= 0,4625 KVA; n=9; Stt=0,4625.9=4,1625 KVA=4162,5 VA.

=0,8 Chiu sang snh cu (CSSCG) tng hm:

n hunh quang gn ni 1.36 W, cng sut ca b (Pb) l 36 W, cng sut ca ballat (Pbl) l 20% cng sut ca b n, vi cos = 0,6; tg = 1,33.Ptt cho 1 b n l:Phq = Pb + Pbl = 36 + (36 . 20/100) = 43,2 (W)

Qtt = Ptt . tg = 43,2 . 1,33 = 57,6 (Var)

= 72 (VA) n ch li thot him, n Emegrency, n Exit;

Bng 2.3. Bng ph ti CSSC G:Ph tiS lngcos

CS tng (VA)

n HQ gn ni 72W020,61,33288

n HQ gn ni 36W110,61,33792

n ch li thot him 1.3W070,352,6860

n Emegrency 2.3W180,80,75135

n Exit 1.8 W20,352,6846

Tng1321

Da vo bng tnh ton trn v do h s ng thi Kt= 1Suy ra tng cng sut cho phn ny l: Stt = 1321 VA

= 2.4.2 Tnh ton ph ti cho tng 1 :2.4.2.1 Xc nh ph ti tng 1 : DB-1Tnh ton s lc cho cc thit b sau:

n hunh quang gn ni 2.36 W co tu bu, cng sut ca b (Pb) l 72 W, cng sut ca ballat (Pbl) l 20% cng sut ca b n, vi cos = 0,8 tg = 0,75. Ptt cho 1 b n l:Phq = Pb + Pbl = 72 + (72 . 20/100) = 86,4 (W)

Qtt = Ptt . tg = 86,4 . 0,75 = 50,976 (Var)

= 108 (VA)

n p trn 1.23W: cos =0.8, tg = 0,75Ptt cho 1 b n l:Pb = 23(W)

Qtt = Ptt . tg = 23 . 0,75 = 13,5 (Var)

= 28,75 (VA)

n downlight m trn 1.15W: cos = 0,8 tg = 0,75Ptt cho 1 b n l:Pb = 15(W)

Qtt = Ptt . tg = 15 . 0,75 = 13,5 (Var)

= 18,75 (VA)

Qut trn 75W: cos = 0,8, tg = 0,75

= 93.75VABng 2.4. Ph ti cho tng 1 (DB-1)Ph tiSLcos

Cng sut (VA)CS tng (VA)

n HQ 2.36W: L8, L9240,61,3334563456

n a p trn 23W: L9030,80,7586,2586,25

n HQ 2.36W: L10, L11220,61,3331683168

n a p trn 23W: L10020,80,7557,557,5

n HQ 2.36W: L12,L13160,61,3323042304

n a p trn 23W: L11020,80,7557,557,5

Qut trn 75W: Q1, Q2130,80,751218,751218,75

Qut trn 75W: Q3, Q4080,80,75750750

Qut trn 75W: Q5, Q6080,80,75750750

cm khu A120,80,7542244224

cm khu B120,80,7542244224

cm khu C050,80,7517601760

n downlight tolet150,80,75281,25281,25

cm tolet020,80,75704704

n HQ 2.36W: VP.QLC020,61,33288288

Qut trn 55W010,80,7568,7568,75

cm VP.QLC020,80,75704704

Tng27102

H s ng thi: Kt =0,85Tng cng sut ta chn l: Stt = 24.2(KVA).

= 0,722.4.2.2 Xc nh ph ti chiu sng snh-cu : CSSC 1

n p trn 1.23W: cos = 0,8, tg = 0,75Ptt cho 1 b n l:Pb = 23(W)

Qtt = Ptt . tg = 23 . 0,75 = 13,5 (Var)

= 28,75 (VA)

n downlight m trn 1.15W: cos = 0,8, tg = 0,75Ptt cho 1 b n l:Pb = 15(W)

Qtt = Ptt . tg = 15 . 0,75 = 13,5 (Var)

= 18,75 (VA) n exit, n Emegrency, n ch li thot him, n hunh quang 1.36W (c pin).

Bng 2.5. Ph ti chiu sng snh-cu : CSSC 1Ph tiS lngcos

CS tng (VA)

n downlight 15W150,61,33281,25

n HQ gn ni 36W080,61,33576

n ch li thot him1.3 W020,352,6817,2

n Emegrency2.3 W130,80,7597,5

n Exit 1.8 W070,352,68161

Tng1132,95

H s ng thi: Kt =0,9Tng cng sut ta chn l: Stt = 1,1(KVA).

= 0,582.4.3 Tnh ton ph ti cho tng 2:3.4.3.1 Xc nh ph ti tng 2 : DB-2Bng 2.6.Tnh ton tng t cho ph ti cho tng 2 (DB-2)Ph tiSLcos

Cng sut (VA)CS tng (VA)

n HQ 2.36W: L14, L15240,61,3334563456

n HQ 2.36W: L16, L17240,61,3334563456

n HQ 2.36W: L18,L19240,61,3334563456

Qut trn 75W: Q7, Q8130,80,751218,751218,75

Qut trn 75W: Q9, Q10130,80,751218,751218,75

Qut trn 75W: Q11, Q12130,80,751218,751218,75

cm khu B070,80,7524644224

cm khu C120,80,7542244224

cm khu A050,80,7517601760

n downlight tolet150,80,75281,25281,25

cm tolet020,80,75704704

n HQ 72W: VP.QLSV030,61,33432432

Qut trn 55W010,80,7568,7568,75

cm VP.QLSV030,80,7510561056

Tng24774,25

H s ng thi: Kt =0,9Tng cng sut ta chn l: Stt = 24,8(KVA).

= 0,722.4.3.2 Xc nh ph ti chiu sng snh-cu : CSSC 2Bng 2.7 Tnh ton tng t cho ph ti chiu sng snh-cu ( CSSC 2)Ph tiS lngcos

CS tng (VA)

n downlight 15W140,61,33262,5

n HQ gn ni 36W060,61,33432

n ch li thot him 1.3W070,352,6860,2

n Emegrency 2.3 W200,80,75150

n Exit 1.8 W020,352,6846

Tng950,7

H s ng thi: Kt =1Tng cng sut ta chn l: Stt = 951(KVA).

= 0,62.4.4 Ph ti tnh ton t tng 3-16 : DB 3-16Tng in hnh gm 24 phng ng cho sinh vin, mi phng bao gm cc thit b: 8 cm i 3 chu, 2 qut trn o 55W, 3 b bng n hunh quang 36W, 3 n downlight 15W, 1 my nc nng 2000W. Chiu sng snh, hnh lang qut ht khi 352W. Tnh ton ph ti cho qut ht khi hnh lang tng in hnh:

352W, n=3 ci; cos=0,8 =0,75;Ku = 1; Kt=1

= 440VA; n=3; Stt=440.3=1320 VA= 1,32 KVA

=0,8 Ph ti tnh ton cho phng sinh vin tng in hnh:Bao gm chiu sng, cm, qut, my nc nng:My nc nng 2000W:

= 2,5 KVA.Bng 2.8 Tnh ton theo cng thc trn ta c bng ph ti phngPh tiS lngcos

CS tng (VA)

n HQ 1.36 W30,61,33216

n downlight 15W30,61,3356,25

Qut trn o 55W20,80,75137,5

cm i 3 chu 16A/220V80,80,752816

Qut ht tolet10,80,7525

My nc nng 2KW10,80,752500

n p trn 23W10,80,7528,75

Tng5779,5

Vy cng sut tng l: 5,7795 KVAH s ng thi l kt= 1Suy ra cng sut tnh ton Stt = 5,7795 (KVA).

= 0,8Bng 2.9 T tnh ton trn ta c bng ph ti t tng (DB-316 )Ph tiS lngcostbCng sut tng (VA)

Phng 0110,85779,5

Phng 0210,85779,5

Phng 0310,85779,5

Phng 0410,85779,5

Phng 0510,85779,5

Phng 0610,85779,5

Phng 0710,85779,5

Phng 0810,85779,5

Phng 0910,85779,5

Phng 1010,85779,5

Phng 1110,85779,5

Phng 1210,85779,5

Phng 1310,85779,5

Phng 1410,85779,5

Phng 1510,85779,5

Phng 1610,85779,5

Phng 1710,85779,5

Phng 1810,85779,5

Phng 1910,85779,5

Phng 2010,85779,5

Phng 2110,85779,5

Phng 2210,85779,5

Phng 2310,85779,5

Phng 2410,85779,5

Phng sinh hot chung10,81909

Phng sinh hot chung10,81909

Tng142526

Vy cng sut tng l: 142,6 KVAH s ng thi l kt= 0,65Suy ra cng sut tnh ton Stt = 92,7 (KVA).

= 0,8Bng 2.10. Bng ph ti chiu sng snh, hnh lang tng in hnhPh tiS lngcos

CS tng (VA)

n downlight 15W320,61,33600

n HQ gn ni 36W060,61,33432

n ch li thot him 1.3 W050,352,6843

n Exit 1.8 W020,352,6846

Tng1121

H s ng thi: Kt =1Tng cng sut ta chn l: Stt = 1,2(KVA).

= 0,582.4.5 Ph ti tnh ton sn thng:Bao gm iu p cu thang, bm tng p, thang my v thang my cu h. Ph ti qut iu p cu thang:

ng c 15KW; cos=0,8 =0,7;, = 0,8;Ksd = 1; Kt=0,8

= 351,5 KVA.

=0,8. Ph ti thang my:

14KW; n=3 ci; cos=0,8 =0,75;Ksd = 1; Kt=1

= 17,5 KVA, n=3 => =17,5.3=52,5 KVA

=0,8 Ph ti thang my cu h: 26,3KW; n=1 ci;

cos=0,8=0,75;Ku = 1; Kt=1

= 32,875 KVA

=0,82.4.6 Tnh ton ph ti cho ton ta nh:2.4.6.1 Ph ti qut ht khi hnh lang (3-16) Bng 2.11. Bng ph ti cho qut ht khi hnh lang(3-16)Ph tiS lngcostbCS tng (VA)

Tng 0310,81320

Tng 0410,81320

Tng 0510,81320

Tng 0610,81320

Tng 0710,81320

Tng 0810,81320

Tng 0910,81320

Tng 1010,81320

Tng 1110,81320

Tng 1210,81320

Tng 1310,81320

Tng 1410,81320

Tng 1510,81320

Tng 1610,81320

Tng18480

H s ng thi: Kt =1Tng cng sut ta chn l: Stt = 18,48(KVA)

= 0,82.4.6.2 Ph ti chiu sng exit, s c, khn cp, hnh lang (CSSC):Bng2.12. Ph ti chiu sng exit, s c, khn cp, hnh lang (CSSC)Ph tiS lngcostbCng sut tng (VA)

Tng G10,61321

Tng 0110,581133

Tng 0210,6950

Tng 0310,581200

Tng 0410,581200

Tng 0510,581200

Tng 0610,581200

Tng 0710,581200

Tng 0810,581200

Tng 0910,581200

Tng 1010,581200

Tng 1110,581200

Tng 1210,581200

Tng 1310,581200

Tng 1410,581200

Tng 1510,581200

Tng 1610,581200

Tng20204

H s ng thi: Kt =1Tng cng sut ta chn l: Stt = 20,204(KVA)

= 0,58

Bng 2.13. Bng tng kt ph ti cho ton Block F1-F2: Khu vcTn ph tiS lngCostb (Kt)Tng(KVA)

Tng hmDB-G10,66111

Cssc10,8120,204

T Qut Ht Hnh Lang10,8118,48

T Qut Ht Tng Hm10,814,1625

T Bm Cha Chy Mng Nc10,80,522,5

T Bm Cha Chy10,80,597,5

T Bm Nc Thi Sinh Hot10,80,53,75

T Bm Tng p 10,80,53,75

T Bm Nc Sinh Hot10,80,518,75

Tng 1DB-110,72124,2

Tng 2DB-210,72124,8

Tng 3=>16DB-3->1610,80,81038,24

Sn thngT Thang My Cu H10,8132,875

T Thang My10,8152,5

T Qut To p10,8118,75

Tng0,791393,5

Vy cng sut biu kin ton ton nh l: Stt = 1393,5 KVAVi h s ng thi ton ta nh:

Kt= 0,8 Stt = 1393,5 0,8=1114,8 KVAPtt=1098,8 KW

Qtt=1098,80,78=857 kVArcostb = 0,79tg = 0,78

2.4.6.3 Ph ti tnh ton thanh ci ngun in d phng:Khi xy ra s c mt in hay h hng my bin p, My pht d phng s hot ng cung cp ngun cho cc ti tiu th in cn thit.Khi t tng 3 n tng 16 cc cng tc t cc t in ca cc tng s t ng ct cc ti tiu th cng sut ln ra khi ngun (theo quy c t cc bng v ca chng sau).Khi ngun in cung cp tr li bnh thng th lc ny nhn vin k thut s ng cng tc t li (cc cun cng tc t c iu khin phng k thut tng 1), v lc ti tiu th cc cn h tr li bnh thng.Ta s dng h thng ATS, c iu khin t ng v bng tayBng2.14 Thit b dng ngun d phng my pht:TIPHA[FL,]

KtTNG

ABC(VA)

Cssc F130,8120204

Cssc F230,8120204

T Qut Ht Hnh Lang F130,8118480

T Qut Ht Hnh Lang F230,8118480

T Thang My F130,8132875

T Thang My F230,8132875

T Qut Ht Tng Hm F130,814162,5

T Qut Ht Tng Hm F230,814162,5

T Bm Cha Chy Mng Nc30,80,522500

T Bm Cha Chy30,80,597500

T Bm Nc Thi Sinh Hot30,80,53750

T Bm Tng p F130,80,53750

T Bm Tng p F230,80,53750

T Bm Nc Sinh Hot30,80,518750

T Qut To p F130,8118750

T Qut To p F230,8118750

Tng30,80,9288101,55

Bng 2.15 Bng trng thi:Trng thi b cu dao o/ATSMCCBTng

ng ngun ling ngun MF

Bnh thng(ngun in lc)101

S c mt in (ngun MF)011

S c chy010

Sa cha000

CHNG IIICHN MY BIN P V MY PHT D PHNG3.1 Chn my bin p:3.1.1 Tng quan v chn trm bin p :Trm bin p: Trm bin p dng bin i in p t cp in p ny sang cp in p khc. N ng vai tr rt quan trng trong h thng cung cp in.Theo nhim v, ngi ta phn ra thnh hai loi trm bin p: + Trm bin p trung gian hay cn gi l trm bin p chnh: Trm ny nhn in t h thng 35220kV, bin thnh cp in p 22kV,15kV, hay 6kV,c bit c khi xung 0.4 kV.+ Trm bin p phn xng: Trm ny nhn in t trm bin p trung gian v bin i thnh cc cp in p thch hp phc v cho ph ti ca cc nh my, phn xng, hay cc h tiu th. Pha s cp thng l cc cp in p: 6kV 15kV,22kV,. Cn pha th cp thng c cc cp in p: 380/220V, 220/127V hoc 660V.V phng din cu trc, ngi ta chia ra trm trong nh v trm ngoi tri. + Trm BA ngoi tri: trm ny cc thit b pha in p cao u t ngoi tri, cn phn phn phi in p thp th t trong nh hoc trong cc t st ch to sn chuyn dng phn phi cho pha h th. Cc trm bin p c cng sut nh ( 300 kVA) c t trn tr, cn trm c cng sut ln th c t trn nn b tng hoc nn g. Vic xy dng trm ngoi tri s tit kim chi ph so vi trm trong nh.+ Trm BA trong nh: tram ny th tt c cc thit b in u c t trong nh.Chn v tr, s lng v cng sut trm bin p: Nhn chung v tr ca trm bin p cn tha cc yu cu sau: Gn trung tm ph ti, thun tin cho ngun cung cp in a n. Thun tin cho vn hnh, qun l. Tit kim chi ph u t v chi ph vn hnh,v.v Tuy nhin, v tr c chn la cui cng cn ph thuc vo cc iu kin khc nh: m bo khng gian khng cn tr n cc hot ng khc, tnh m quan,v.v Trong ti ny ta s t trong tng hm v yu cu v mt bng.Chn cp in p: Do chung c c cp in t ng dy 22kV, v ph ti ca chung c ch s dng in p 220V, v 380V. Cho nn ta s lp t trm bin p gim p 22/0.4kV a in vo cung cp cho ph ti ca chung c.3.1.2 Chn s lng MBA. V vic chn s lng MBA, thng c cc phng n: 1 MBA, 2 MBA.- Phng n 1 MBA: i vi cc h tiu th loi 2 v loi 3, ta c th chn phung n ch s dng 1 MBA. Phng n ny c u im l chi ph thp, vn hnh n gin, nhng tin cy cung cp in khng cao.- Phng n 2 MBA: Phng n ny c u im l tin cy cung cp in cao nh chi ph kh cao nn thng ch s dng cho nhng h tiu th c cng sut ln hoc quan trng ( h loi 1).

Chn phng n cung cp inDo c tnh ca ti, ti ang s dng l ti loi 2 :c cung cp in bng t nht mt ngun cung cp in chnh v mt ngun d phng, c php ngng cung cp in trong thi gian cn thit ng ngun d phng( ng bng ATS hoc bng tay): nn ta chn theo phng n 1 My bin p.

3.1.3 La chn s cung cp in trung p: S la chn:

Hnh 3.2 S cung cp in pha pLa chn phng n:Phng n A: dng my ct ph ti v cu ch.Phng n B: dng dao cch ly v my ct.Phng n C: dng dao cch ly v cu ch.So snh 3 phng n la chn phng n ti u m bo an ton thun tin cho s cung cp in.* Phng n A:Do dng my ct ph ti nn c th ng ct mch in c ti v bo v ngn mch cho my bin p bng cu ch, v vy an ton v thun tin cho vn hnh.* Phng n B: Phng n ny dng dao cch ly v my ct, dao cch ly lm nhim v cch ly v to khong cch nhn thy c m bo an ton. Cho php ng ct v bo v khi c dng in ngn mch, tuy nhin phng n khng kinh t.

* Phng n C:Dng cu ch bo v ngn mch cho my bin p v dao cch ly cch ly an ton. Phng n n gin, r tin, nhng khng cho php thc hin cc thao tc ng ct khi mang ti.* Chn phng n:Qua cc phng n trn hnh 3.2, ta so snh v thy rng mi phng n c nhng u nhc im khc nhau. Vic ng dng s no, u th ph thuc vo tm quan trng v yu cu tin cy cung cp in ca ph ti. y ph ti cung cp in l khu chung c cao cp, v vy ta chn phng n A m bo an ton v thun li cho vn hnh, sa cha, kinh t.3.1.4 Chn my bin p cho KTX F1-F2:Ta bit block F1-F2 ging nhau hon ton v mt cu trc (block i), nn nh phn tnh ton ph ti chng 2, ta ch tnh ton chn MBA cho mt block F2, bock F1 s tng t nh vy. Ch c thanh ci khn cp th s c dng chung My Pht cho c 2 block.

=> Chn =1250 (KVA). c th m rng ph ti trong tng lai, ta chon my bin p nh sau:Ta chn my bin p ba pha hai dy qun do Vit Nam ch to (THIBIDI). in p 22 kV/ 0.4 kV. T u dy D / Y0 11 vi cc thng s nh sau:Bng 3.1 Thng s my bin p.Sm(kVA)Um (kV)Thng s k thutKch thc (mm)

U1U2P0(W)I0(%)PN(W)UN(%)Rngdicao

220.4

125032.81804.218001.0150006.0149023002660

3.2 Chn my pht d phng:Khi xy ra s c mt in hay h hng my bin p. My pht d phng s hot ng cung cp ngun cho cc ti tiu th in cn thit trn thanh ci d phng.Khi t tng 3 n tng 16 cc cng tc t cc t in ca cc tng s t ng ct cc ti tiu th cng sut ln ra khi ngun (theo quy c t cc bng v ca chng sau).Khi ngun in cung cp tr li bnh thng th lc ny nhn vin k thut s ng cng tc t li (cc cun cng tc t c iu khin phng k thut tng1) v lc ti tiu th cc cn h tr li bnh thng.Trnh t hot ng Khi ngun pha MBA mt hay chp chn th ATS s ct MBA v a tn hiu khi ng my pht sau ng my pht vo lm vic khi in p my pht t nh mc. Khi ngun pha MBA bnh thng tr li th ATS s a tn hiu ngng my pht vi thi gian tr t 5 10 pht nhm trnh tnh trng ngun pha MBA chp chn s xy ra tnh trng khi ng my pht lin tc trong nhiu ln trong thi gian ngn gy tnh trng hao mn v chng hng my pht. Vic b tr my pht s t gn trm bin p d vn hnh, kim tra v ng thi trnh gy ting n khi vn hnh.Ta s dng h thng ATS, c iu khin t ng v bng tayTheo phn tnh ton ph ti chng 2:Stt = 288,1 (KVA)

Sm My Pht Stt , => ta chn Sm MF = 300 (KVA) ca hng Mitsubishi.My pht in MITSUBISHI 300 KVAC im ni bt l ht thng iu khin t xa kt ni bng Internet v mn hnh hin th l LCD. Hiu my:MITSUBISHI. Nh sn xut:MITSUBISHI (NHT BN) ng c:MITSUBISHI. u pht:TAIYO. H thng iu khin:Hin th mn hnh LCD vi x l kt ni t xa bng Internet H thng iu p:Kch tDiod khng chi than, kt hp mch AVR. H thng gii nhit:Lm mt bng nc, kt nc, cnh qut gi. Cu trc my:My thng cch m, chng n. Cng sut:300KVA. in th:380V/440V. Tn s:50Hz/60Hz. Vng tua:1500rpm/1800rpm. Loi nhin liu:Diesel. Nm sn xut:2004MODELng cCng sutSm (KVA)in p(V)Tn s(Hz)S cc, pha, dyRPM

DIEZEL300380/22050-604 cc, 3 pha 4 dy1500

CHNG IVCHN DY DN V THIT B BO V CHO TA NH4.1 Chn dy dn:Chn dy dn cng l mt cng vic kh quan trng, v dy dn chn khng ph hp, tc khng tho cc yu cu v k thut th c th dn n cc s c nh chp mch do dy dn b pht nng qu mc dn n h hng cch in. T lm gim tin cy cung cp in v c th gy ra nhiu hu qu nghim trng. Bn cnh vic tho mn cc yu cu v k thut th vic chn la dy dn cng cn phi tho mn cc yu cu kinh t.Cp dng trong mng in cao p v thp p c nhiu loi, thng gp l cp ng, cp nhm, cp mt li, hai li, ba hay bn li, cch in bng du, cao su, hoc nha tng hp. cp in p t 110kV n 220kV, cp thng c cch in bng du hay kh. Cp c in p di 10kV thng c ch to theo kiu ba pha bc chung mt v ch, cp c in p trn 10kV thng c bc ring l tng pha. Cp c in p t 1000(V) tr xung thng c cch in bng giy tm du, cao su hoc nha tng hp.Dy dn ngoi tri thng l loi dy trn mt si, nhiu si, hoc dy rng rut. Dy dn t trong nh thng c bc cch in bng cao su hoc nha. Mt s trng hp trong nh c th dng dy trn hoc thanh dn nhng phi treo trn s cch in.4.1.1. Nhng yu cu trong qu trnh chn dy:Ty theo nhng yu cu v cch in, m bo bn c, iu kin lp t cng nh chi ph ta la chn dy dn m n p ng c yu cu v k thut, an ton v kinh t.Trong mng in chung c, dy dn v cp thng c chn theo hai iu kin sau: Chn theo iu kin pht nng cho php. Chn theo iu kin tn tht in p cho php. Nhng cch xc nh tit din dy dn : Xc nh tit din dy theo st p. Xc nh tit din dy theo iu kin pht nng v bn c.4.1.2 Nguyn tc chn dy dn:Nguyn tc chn dy li h th ( 16 mm2 : SN Spha.

Dy nhm : Spha 25 mm2 : SN = Spha.Spha > 25 mm2 : SN Spha.4.1.6 Xc nh tit din dy PE:Cc dy c th c chn lm dy PE : kt cu kim loi, mng b tng, ng thp, ng cp, v kim loi cp. Khng c dng ng kh, nc nng, v ch ca cp... lm dy bo v.Theo tiu chun IEC 724 c th chn dy PE theo phng php ng nhit hoc phng php n gin.Theo phng php ng nhit :

Trong :t : thi gian ng ct dng chm v.IChm v : dng chm v.k : hng s, ph thuc vo vt liu dy, cch in, nhit ban u v nhit cui ca dy khi c dng chm v chy qua.Theo phng php n gin : (dy ng)Spha 16 mm2 : SPE = Spha16 mm2 Spha 35 mm2 : SPE = 16 mm2.Spha > 35 mm2 : SPE = Spha/2.4.2 La chn cp pha trung pTheo tiu chun v qui nh ca ngnh in, vic la chn cp cho khu nh cao tng ny c tit din: F = 240 mm2, bi v tit din cp ny c u im trong s mch vng kn vn hnh h l:- C ng, tin dng khi phi tng ph ti. Nu la chn cp v kim tra theo ph ti sn c th khi c mt s ph ti mi c hnh thnh v cn ly in t ng cp ny, khi cng sut ca ph ti s tng. Nu cc iu kin v pht nng cho php, v tn tht in p tng vt qu mc cho php th buc phi thay li cp vi tit din ln hn th s gy lng ph rt ln.- m bo tin cy cung cp in. Trong trng hp xu nht c th xy ra l khi mt on cp u ngun ca mch ny b s c th ng cp cn li cn phi cp in cho ton b ph ti c trn mch vng. Khi cp phi c tit din ln m bo c iu kin pht nng v tn tht in p.Tra PL 4.26 TL 1vi tit din F = 240 mm2, tra bng chn cp ng 3 li, cch in XLPE, ai thp, v PVC do hng ALCATEL (Php) ch to. C cc thng s ca cp cho bng 4.1.Bng 4.4. Thng s cp XLPE (3. 240)Fm 3 liIcp ngoi tri 300Cr0L0 vi 50 Hz

mm2A / kmmH/km

2405330,0980,38

4.3 Tnh ton chn dy cho ta nh F1-F2:4.3.1 T my bin p vo t in chnh MSB:

Cch i dy: chn ngm di t. Chn cp ng 1li cch in PVC do Cadivi ch to. Iz =Ilvmax =1755 (A)Cp c chn di tCp t trong ng ngm:K4 = 0,8 (tra bng H1_19 IEC)C 4 dy dn cho 1 pha:K5 = 0,7 (tra bng H1_20 IEC)Nhit t 20o:K7 = 1 (tra bng H1_15 IEC)t t: K6 = 1,13(tra bng H1_15 IEC)

K = K4K5K6K7 = 0,64Dng in lm vic cho php lm vic lu di ca dy dn :

Chn cp ng h p CXV 1 li cch in XLPE, v PVC c gip bo v do Cadivi ch to, mi pha 4 si cp n S=400mm2, mi cp n mang dng 700 (A) (Tra bng Catolog cp in ca Cadivi). Icp=700.4=2800 AChn dy trung tnh v dy PE c S = Spha = 400 (mm2)

Vy ta chn c kt qu: 4(4.1c400mm Cu/1C XLPE/PVC)4.3.2 Chn dy t t tng MSB n t tng hm DB-G:

Ilvmax = Cch i dy:i trn cable tray. H s hiu chnh: K = K1.K2.K3 = 0,75K1 = 1 h s nh hng cch thc lp tK2 = 0,75 v xem nh c 5 cp 3 pha t trong hngK3 = 1 tng ng nhit mi trng l 300C

iu kin chn dy: = 22,28 (A)

=22,28 A, so snh vi gi tr bng H1-17 (trang H1-28, IEC), th ta chn c dy Spha= 6 mm2 (m lp t F dy PVC3)

Do Spha= 6mm2 16 mm2 SPE = Spha=6 mm2

Quy cch dy l: Cable (Cu/XLPE/PVC 46 mm2) + E 6mm2.4.3.3 Chn dy t t tng MSB n t tng 1 DB-1:


iu kin chn dy: = 49 (A)

=49 A, so snh vi gi tr bng H1-17 (trang H1-28, IEC), th ta chn c dy Spha= 10 mm2 (m lp t F dy PVC3)

Do Spha= 10mm2 16 mm2 SPE = Spha=10 mm2

Quy cch dy l: Cable (Cu/XLPE/PVC 410 mm2) + E 10mm2.4.3.4 Chn dy t t tng MSB n t tng 2 DB-2:



=50 A, so snh vi gi tr bng H1-17 (trang H1-28, IEC), th ta chn c dy Spha= 10 mm2 (m lp t F dy PVC3)

Do Spha= 10mm2 16 mm2 SPE = Spha=10 mm2.

Quy cch dy l: Cable (Cu/XLPE/PVC 4.10 mm2) + E 10mm2.4.3.5 Chn dy t t tng MSB n t tng 3->16: DB-3>16:



=187,7 A, so snh vi gi tr bng H1-17 (trang H1-28, IEC), th ta chn c dy Spha= 70 mm2 (m lp t F dy PVC3)Do Spha = 70mm2 > 35 mm2 , nn dy PE l: SPE = Spha/2= 35 mm2.

Quy cch dy l: Cable (Cu/XLPE/PVC 4.70 mm2) + E 35mm2.4.3.6 Chn dy t t tng MSB n t thang my:



=107 A, so snh vi gi tr bng H1-17 (trang H1-28, IEC), th ta chn c dy Spha= 50 mm2 (m lp t F dy PVC3)Do Spha = 50mm2 > 35 mm2 , nn dy PE l: SPE = Spha/2= 25 mm2.

Quy cch dy l: Cable (Cu/XLPE/PVC 4.50 mm2) + E 25mm2.4.3.7 Chn dy t t tng MSB n t chiu sng s c CSSC:



=41 A, so snh vi gi tr bng H1-17 (trang H1-28, IEC), th ta chn c dy Spha= 10 mm2 (m lp t F dy PVC3)Do Spha = 10mm2 < 16 mm2 , nn dy PE l: SPE = Spha= 10 mm2.

Quy cch dy l: Cable (Cu/XLPE/PVC 4.10 mm2) + E 10mm2.4.3.8 Chn dy t t tng MSB n t qut ht hnh lang:



=37,5 A, so snh vi gi tr bng H1-17 (trang H1-28, IEC), th ta chn c dy Spha= 6 mm2 (m lp t F dy PVC3)Do Spha = 6mm2 < 16 mm2 , nn dy PE l: SPE = Spha= 6 mm2.

Quy cch dy l: Cable (Cu/XLPE/PVC 4.6 mm2) + E 6mm2.

4.3.9 Chn dy t t tng MSB n t qut ht tng hm:

Ilvmax = Cch i dy:i trn cable tray. H s hiu chnh: K = K1. K2.K3 = 0,75K1 = 1 h s nh hng cch thc lp tK2 = 0,75 v xem nh c 5 cp 3 pha t trong hngK3 = 1 tng ng nhit mi trng l 300C


=8.5 A, so snh vi gi tr bng H1-17 (trang H1-28, IEC), th ta chn c dy Spha= 6 mm2 (m lp t F dy PVC3)Do Spha = 6mm2 < 16 mm2 , nn dy PE l: SPE = Spha= 6 mm2.

Quy cch dy l: Cable (Cu/XLPE/PVC 4.6 mm2) + E 6mm2.4.3.10 Chn dy t t tng MSB n t bm cha chy mng nc:



=45,7 A, so snh vi gi tr bng H1-17 (trang H1-28, IEC), th ta chn c dy Spha= 10 mm2 (m lp t F dy PVC3)Do Spha = 10mm2 < 16 mm2 , nn dy PE l: SPE = Spha= 10mm2.

Quy cch dy l: Cable (Cu/XLPE/PVC 4.10 mm2) + E 10mm2.4.3.11 Chn dy t t tng MSB n t bm cha chy:



=197,3 A, so snh vi gi tr bng H1-17 (trang H1-28, IEC), th ta chn c dy Spha= 70 mm2 (m lp t F dy PVC3)Do Spha = 70mm2 > 16 mm2 , nn dy PE l: SPE = Spha/2= 35mm2.

Quy cch dy l: Cable (Cu/XLPE/PVC 4.70 mm2) + E 35mm2.4.3.12 Chn dy t t tng MSB n t bm nc sinh hot:

Ilvmax = Cch i dy:i trn cable tray.

H s hiu chnh: K = K1K2.K3 = 0,75K1 = 1 h s nh hng cch thc lp tK2 = 0,75 v xem nh c 5 cp 3 pha t trong hngK3 = 1 tng ng nhit mi trng l 300C


=38 A, so snh vi gi tr bng H1-17 (trang H1-28, IEC), th ta chn c dy Spha= 10 mm2 (m lp t F dy PVC3)Do Spha = 10mm2 < 16 mm2 , nn dy PE l: SPE = Spha= 10 mm2.

Quy cch dy l: Cable (Cu/XLPE/PVC 4.10 mm2) + E 10mm2.4.3.13 Chn dy t t tng MSB n thang my cu h:



=66,7 A, so snh vi gi tr bng H1-17 (trang H1-28, IEC), th ta chn c dy Spha= 6 mm2 (m lp t F dy PVC3)Do Spha = 16mm2 =16 mm2 , nn dy PE l: SPE = Spha= 16 mm2.

Quy cch dy l: Cable (Cu/XLPE/PVC 416 mm2) + E 16mm2.4.3.14 Chn c dy cho cc thit b s dng trong nh: Ti chiu sng:Do cc ti chiu sng c cng sut thp trong nhng cn h ny: t 9W ->50W nn dng i n n kh nh ch t: 74-413mmA. Nn ta chn c dy c tit din nh nht l Sdd=1,5 mm2 (H1-17 (trang H1-28, IEC)th vi m lp t nh vy th dng cho php ca dy 1,5 l 14,5A).Cc qut ht cong sut nh cng tng t ta chn c dy Sqh=1,5mm2.Do Sqh=1,550 mm2 )

R0 = = = 0,09375 (/Km)Cos = 0,79 sin = 0,61

= I (R0 Cos + X0 sin) L

= .1755,3.(0,093750,79+0,080,61)0,05 = 18,2

% = = = 4,79 % < 5%4.4.4 Tnh st p t t MSB n t in tng hm DB-G:Tit din : S = 6 mm2Dng in :I = 16,71 AChiu di :L = 5 mX0 = 0 /Km (i vi dy c tit din 50 mm2 )

R0 = = = 0,32 (/Km)Cos = 0,8 sin = 0,6

= I (R0. Cos + X0. sin) L

= .140,8.(0,320,8+0,080,6)0,058 = 4,32

% = = = 1,14 % < 5%.4.4.7 Tnh st p t t MSB n t in bm cu ha:Tit din : S = 70 mm2Dng in :I = 148 AChiu di :L = 35 mX0 = 0,08 /Km (i vi dy c tit din >50 mm2 )

R0 = = = 0,32 (/Km)Cos = 0,8 sin = 0,6


= .148.(0,320,8+0,080,6)0,035 = 2,74

% = = = 0,72 % < 5%.4.4.8 Tnh st p t t MSB n t in thang my:Tit din : S = 50 mm2Dng in :I = 80 AChiu di :L = 60 mX0 = 0,08 /Km (i vi dy c tit din >50 mm2 )

R0 = = = 0,32 (/Km)Cos = 0,8 sin = 0,6


= .80.(0,320,8+0,080,6)0,06 = 3,39

% = = = 0,9 % < 5%.4.4.9 Tnh st p t t MSB n t in bm cha chy mng nc:Tit din : S = 10 mm2Dng in :I = 34,2 AChiu di :L = 16 mX0 = 0 /Km (i vi dy c tit din Um.m = 22 ( KV )ImDCPT = 630 > Icb = 32.8 ( A )I. m =50 > iNmax =9,28 ( KA )

Vi : tq l thi gian qui i: tq = 0,3 ( s )I = Ixk = IN = 9,28 ( KA )Vy my ct ph ti ( MCPT ) c chn t yu cu.Cu ch t ri (FCO):iu kin bnh thng: Icc Ilvmax.

Vi: Bng 4.11. La chn cu chi lng chn v kim traCng thc tnh ton

in p nh mc ( KV )UmCC > Um.mng

Dng in lu di nh mc ( A )ImCC > Ilvmax

Cng sut ct nh mc ( MVA )SmCC > S

T nhng iu kin trn tra bng PL 2.19- TL 1 ta chn c cu ch cao p loi 3GD1 420-4B do hng SIEMENS ch to:Bng 4.12.Thng s ca cu chLo6Um ( KV )Im ( A )IctN ( KA )IctNmin (A )

3GD1 420-4B2410031,5540

Bng 4.13 kt qu kim tra cu ch ( CC )i lng chn v kim traKt qu

in p nh mc ( KV )UmCC = 24 > Um.m = 22

Dng in nh mc ( A )ImCC = 100 > Ilvmax = 32,8(A)

Dng ct nh mc ( KA )Icm = 31,5 > IN = 9,28

Cng sut ct nh mc(MVA)

SmCC=>

Cu ch cao p 3GD1 420-4B t yu cu. Ngn mch trong mng h p:Khi tnh ton, cn xt n tng tr cc phn t trong mng: MBA, dy dn, in tr tip xc xc nh tng tr ca cc phn t trong mng, t s nguyn l ca trm bin p v kt qu tnh ton cc chng trc ta chn s b cc phn t tnh gi tr ngn mch.

Hnh 4.2S ngn mch phia h pin tr v in khng M I0% = 1% BA:MBA c thng s sau:Sm= 1250 KVAP0= 1800 WPN= 15 KWUN%= 6,0%1. in tr MBA:

1. in khng MBA:

Trong :

M

Xc nh cc tr khng v cm khng ca dy dn :* Tr khng dy dn :

Rd =* Cm khng dy dn :

Xd = xo.LTrong :. : in tr sut ca dy dn nhit lm vic bnh thng.. L (m ) : chiu di dy dn.. F ( mm2 ) : tit din dy dn.. r0 ( m /m ) : tr khng ca 1 mt dy dn.. x0 ( m /m ) : cm khng ca 1 mt dy dn.

*Nu khng c s liu c th ly : x0 = 0,08 m/m, x0 = 0 m/m nu F < 50mm2 (ng) = 22,5 m.mm2/m (nhm) = 36 m.mm2/m0. khng v cm khng ca MBA:

RMBA = 1,54[m] = 1,54.10-3 []XMBA = 7,55[m Ngn mch 3pha t MBA n MSB: L= 50m

Tr] =7,55.10-3 []0. Tr khng v cm khng ca cp:

R =

X = 0,08 . 50 =4[m]0. Tng tr tnh t MBA n t chnh MSB:

0. Dng ngn mch ti thanh ci t MSB:

Ngn mch 3pha t t MSB n DB-G: L= 5m0. Tr khng v cm khng ca cp:

R =

X0 = 0[/km] v F X = 0 [m]0. Tng tr tnh t MBA n

0. Dng ngn mch ti thanh ci TL1:

Ngn mch 3pha t t MSB n t DB-1: L=10m0. Tr khng v cm khng ca cp:

R =

X = 0[m]0. Tng tnh t MBA n BD-1:

0. Dng ngn mch ti thanh ci Bd-1


R =

X = 0[m]0. Tng tr tnh t MBA n BD-2:



R =

X = 0,08.17=1,36[m]0. Tng tr tnh t MBA n BD-3:



R =

X = 0,08x20=1,6[m]0. Tng tr tnh t MBA n BD-4:


Tnh ton tng t cho cc t cn li, ta c:Bng 4.14. Bng tng kt ngn mchim ngn mchL[m]F[mm]Rd

[m]Xd

[m]

[m]

[m]I(N)3[kA]

MBA-MSB5024028,13429,65511,557,30

MSB-DBG5618,75048,40511,554,64

MSB-DB1101022,50052,20011,554,32

MSB-DB2151033,75063,40011,553,58

MSB-DB317705,501,3635,15512,96,17

MSB-DB420706,431,636,08413,156,01

MSB-DB523707,391,8437,04813,395,86

MSB-DB626708,362,0838,01213,635,72

MSB-DB729709,322,3238,97613,875,58

MSB-DB8327010,292,5639,94114,115,45

MSB-DB9357011,252,840,90514,355,33

MSB-DB10387012,213,0441,86914,595,21

MSB-DB11417013,183,2842,83414,835,09

MSB-DB12447014,143,5243,79815,074,99

MSB-DB13477015,113,7644,76215,314,88

MSB-DB14527016,714,1646,36915,714,72

MSB-DB15557017,684,447,33415,954,62

MSB-DB16587018,644,6448,29816,194,53

MSB-TM655029,255,258,90516,753,77

MSB-TMCH161622,50052,15511,554,32

MSB-CSSC3106,75036,40511,556,05

MSB-QHHL16660,00089,65511,552,55

MSB-QHTH5618,75048,40511,554,64

MSB-CCMN161036,00065,65511,553,46

MSB-BCC357011,252,840,90514,355,33

MSB-BNSH5010112,500142,1511,551,62

MSB-BNT5428,13057,78011,553,92

MSB-BTA5428,13057,78011,553,92

MSB-QTA6510146,250175,911,551,31

4.5.3 Chn thit b bo v :CB4.5.3.1 L thuyt: Cu to CB:1. B phn ct gm cc tip im c nh, tip im di ng v cc bung dp h quang.1. C cu cht s khng b kha bi b tc ng ct khi c dng bt thng . C cu ny cng ni vi cn gt thao tc ng ct ca thit b.1. B tc ng : Kiu t nhit trong c hin tng qu ti c pht hin nh s bin dng ca thanh lng kim v hin tng ngn mch bng c cu in t. C th c Rle in t vi bin dng t mi pha.1. Mt khong khng dnh cho ni kt vi mch ng lc.1. Chc nng: cch ly, bo v chng qu dng. Ngoi ra cn c cc chc nng khc nh iu khin t xa v ch th nh thit k dng mdun v cc khi b tr.1. c tnh CB: in p s dng nh mc Ue: l gi tr in p m thit b c th vn hnh trong iu kin bnh thng. Dng nh mc In: l gi tr cc i ca dng lin tc m CB vi Rle bo v qu dng c th chu c v hn nhit mi trng. Dng tc ng c hiu chnh khi qu ti Ir v khi ngn mch Im: l dng ngng tc ng khi qu ti v khi ngn mch. nh mc ct ngn mch cho s dng cng nghip ICU hoc s dng dn dng ICN l gi tr ln nht ca dng ngn mch m thit b c th ct c m khng b h hng. La chn CB: Vic chn CB ty thuc vo : c tnh in ca li in m n c t vo. Mi trng s dng ca thit b, nhit , lp t trong t, cc iu kin kh hu. Kh nng to v ct dng ngn mch.iu kin chn CB nh sau:UmCB Umli = 380 [V]ImCB Ilvmax [A]ImCB Ir [A]INCB IN(3) [KA]

Trong : Umli = 380V: i vi CB ba pha, Umli = 220V: i vi CB mt pha Ilvmax = Itt: dng lm vic cc i Icpdd: dng in cho php ca dy dn INCB : dng ngn mch ca CB IN(3) : dng ngn mch ba pha tnh ton ca ph ti Yu cu ca c tuyn :Ict t CB (Im) > In Ict t CB (Im) = ( 2 10 ) ImCB Ir = ( 0,7 1 ) ImCB

4.5.3.2 La chn CB bo v: Chn CB t MBA n t MSB:UmCB Umli = 380 [V]ImCB Ilvmax = 1755,3 [A]ImCB Ir [A]INCB IN(3) = 7,3 [KA]1. .

Chn: K0=0,88 => (A).1.

Chn Kr = 1 => Dng chnh nh l: 1. 1760 = 1760 (A) Vy ta chn CB: Compact NS2000N-NS200N3M2/3p/2000A/415V UmCB = 415 [V]. ImCB = 2000 [A], ICu = 70 [kA], S cc: 4. Chn CB t MSB n t DB-G:UmCB Umli = 380 [V]ImCB Ilvmax = 16,71 [A]ImCB Ir(A)INCB IN(3) = 4,64 [KA]1.

Chn K0 = 0,85 =>(A).1. => Chn Kr = 1

=> Dng chnh nh l: 1 17 = 17 (A)Vy ta chn CB do Sino ch to.Loi: MCCB SBS63b/20 UmCB = 400 [V], ImCB = 20 [A],ICU = 10[kA]. Chn CB t MSB n t DB-1:UmCB Umli = 380 [V]ImCB Ilvmax = 36,8 [A]ImCB Ir(A)INCB IN(3) = 4,32 [KA]1.

Chn K0= 0,75 =>(A).1.

Chn Kr = 1=> Dng chnh nh l: 1.37,5 = 37,5 (A)Vy ta chn CB do Sino ch to.Loi: MCCB SBS63b/50 UmCB = 400 [V],ImCB = 50 [A], ICU = 10 [kA]. Chn CB t MSB n t DB-2:UmCB Umli = 380 [V]ImCB Ilvmax = 37,6 [A]ImCB Ir(A)INCB IN(3) = 3,58 [KA]1.

Chn K0 = 0,75 =>(A).1.

Chn Kr = 1=> Dng chnh nh l: 137,5 = 37,5 (A)Vy ta chn CB do Sino ch to.Loi: MCCB SBS63b/50 UmCB = 400 [V], ImCB = 50 [A], ICU = 10 [kA].Bng 4.15. Bng chn CB cho t MSBng dyLoiS lngItt[A]K0KrIr[A]Im[A]Icu[KA]

MBA-MSBMCCB Compact NS2000n41755,30,8811760200070

MSB-DBGMCCB SBS63b/20316,70,85117,002010

MSB-DB1MCCB SBS63b/50336,80,75137,505010

MSB-DB2MCCB SBS63b/50337,60,75137,505010

MSB-DB3MCCB SBS203b/1753140,80,811141,7517525

MSB-DB4MCCB SBS203b/1753140,80,811141,7517525

MSB-DB5MCCB SBS203b/1753140,80,811141,7517525

MSB-DB6MCCB SBS203b/1753140,80,811141,7517525

MSB-DB7MCCB SBS203b/1753140,80,811141,7517525

MSB-DB8MCCB SBS203b/1753140,80,811141,7517525

MSB-DB9MCCB SBS203b/1753140,80,811141,7517525

MSB-DB10MCCB SBS203b/1753140,80,811141,7517525

MSB-DB11MCCB SBS203b/1753140,80,811141,7517525

MSB-DB12MCCB SBS203b/1753140,80,811141,7517525

MSB-DB13MCCB SBS203b/1753140,80,811141,7517525

MSB-DB14MCCB SBS203b/1753140,80,811141,7517525

MSB-DB15MCCB SBS203b/1753140,80,811141,7517525

MSB-DB16MCCB SBS203b/1753140,80,811141,7517525

MSB-TMMCCB SBS203b/125380,00,65181,2512525

MSB-TMCHMCCB SBS103b/63350,00,80150,406325

MSB-CSSCMCCB SBS103b/40330,70,78131,204025

MSB-QHHLMCCB SBS103b/32328,10,91129,123225

MSB-QHTHMCCB SBS103b/1036,40,6516,501025

MSB-CCMNMCCB SBS103b/50334,20,70135,005025

MSB-BCCMCCB SBS203b/2003148,00,751150,0020050

MSB-BNSHMCCB SBS103b/32328,50,90128,803250

MSB-BNTMCCB SBS103b/1035,70,5815,801025

MSB-BTAMCCB SBS103b/1035,70,5815,801025

MSB-QTAMCCB SBS103b/32328,50,90128,803250

Bng 4.16.Bng chn CB cho t DB-Gng dyLoiPoleItt[A]K0KrIr[A]Im[A]Icu[KA]

DBG-L1,L2MCB PS45N/C3016110,50,66110,50164,5

DBG-L3,L4MCB PS45N/C301619,80,85113,60164,5

DBG-L5,L6MCB PS45N/C301619,80,75112,00164,5

DBG-L7MCB PS45N/C301015,30,7517,50104,5

DBG- cmMCB PS45N/C3020214,40,81116,20204,5

Bng 4.17. Bng chn CB cho t DB-1ng dyLoiPoleItt[A]K0KrIr[A]Im[A]Icu[KA]

DB1-L8,L9MCB PS45N/C3016115,00,95115,20164,5

DB1-L10,L11MCB PS45N/C3016115,00,95115,20164,5

DB1-L12,L13MCB PS45N/C3016115,00,95115,20164,5

DB1-Q1,2MCB PS45N/C301025,50,5615,60104,5

DB1-Q3,4MCB PS45N/C301025,50,5615,60104,5

DB1-Q5,6MCB PS45N/C301025,50,5615,60104,5

DB1- cm BMCB PS45N/C302029,80,50110,00204,5

DB1- cm CMCB PS45N/C302025,30,2815,60204,5

DB1- cm AMCB PS45N/C3020214,40,75115,00204,5

DB1-ToletMCB PS45N/C301025,30,5515,50104,5

DB1-PQLCMCB PS45N/C300622,70,4612,7664,5

Bng4.18. Bng chn CB cho t DB-2ng dyLoiPoleItt[A]K0KrIr[A]Im[A]Icu[KA]

DB2-L14,L15MCB PS45N/C3016115,00,95115,20164,5

DB2-L16,L17MCB PS45N/C3016115,00,95115,20164,5

DB2-L18,L19MCB PS45N/C3016115,00,95115,20164,5

DB2-Q7,8MCB PS45N/C301025,50,5615,60104,5

DB2-Q9,10MCB PS45N/C301025,50,5615,60104,5

DB2-Q11,12MCB PS45N/C301025,50,5615,60104,5

DB2- cm BMCB PS45N/C3020211,20,57111,40204,5

DB2- cm CMCB PS45N/C3020211,20,57111,40204,5

DB2- cm AMCB PS45N/C3020211,20,57111,40204,5

DB2-ToletMCB PS45N/C301025,30,5515,50104,5

DB2-PQLCMCB PS45N/C300622,70,4612,7664,5

Bng 4.19. Bng chn CB cho t tng in hnh DB-3 ->16ng dyLoiPoleItt[A]K0KrIr[A]Im[A]Icu[KA]

DB3-Phng 1MCB PS45N/C3032226,00,85127,203210

DB3-Phng 2MCB PS45N/C3032226,00,85127,203210

DB3-Phng 3MCB PS45N/C3032226,00,85127,203210

DB3-Phng 4MCB PS45N/C3032226,00,85127,203210

DB3-Phng 5MCB PS45N/C3032226,00,85127,203210

DB3-Phng 6MCB PS45N/C3032226,00,85127,203210

DB3-Phng 7MCB PS45N/C3032226,00,85127,203210

DB3-Phng 8MCB PS45N/C3032226,00,85127,203210

DB3-Phng 9MCB PS45N/C3032226,00,85127,203210

DB3-Phng 10MCB PS45N/C3032226,00,85127,203210

DB3-Phng 11MCB PS45N/C3032226,00,85127,203210

DB3-Phng 12MCB PS45N/C3032226,00,85127,203210

DB3-Phng 13MCB PS45N/C3032226,00,85127,203210

DB3-Phng 14MCB PS45N/C3032226,00,85127,203210

DB3-Phng 15MCB PS45N/C3032226,00,85127,203210

DB3-Phng 16MCB PS45N/C3032226,00,85127,203210

DB3-Phng 17MCB PS45N/C3032226,00,85127,203210

DB3-Phng 18MCB PS45N/C3032226,00,85127,203210

DB3-Phng 19MCB PS45N/C3032226,00,85127,203210

DB3-Phng 20MCB PS45N/C3032226,00,85127,203210

DB3-Phng 21MCB PS45N/C3032226,00,85127,203210

DB3-Phng 22MCB PS45N/C3032226,00,85127,203210

DB3-Phng 23MCB PS45N/C3032226,00,85127,203210

DB3-Phng 24MCB PS45N/C3032226,00,85127,203210

DB3-SHCMCB PS45N/C301028,70,8818,801010

DB3-SHCMCB PS45N/C301028,70,8818,801010

BN V CUNG CP IN CHI TIT CHO BLOC F1-F2

BN V CUNG CP CHO DB-G;DB-1,DB-2

BN V CHO 1 TNG BT K T3=>16 (BN V TH HIN TNG 3)

CHNG VB CNG SUT PHN KHNG5.1 Tc dng ca vic b cng sut phn khng:Do chung c c rt nhiu loi ph ti khc nhau, cc ph ti ny thng c h s cng sut (cos) khc nhau v thng khng cao lm. Do vic b cng sut phn khng l ht sc cn thit.Tc dng chnh ca b cng sut phn khng l nng cao h s cng sut cos nhm lm tit kim in nng tiu th.Hu ht, cc thit b in u tiu th cng sut tc dng (P) v cng sut phn khng (Q). Nhng thit b tiu th nhiu cng sut phn khng l:- ng c khng ng b, tiu th 60 - 65% tng cng sut phn khng ca mng.- My bin p tiu th khong 20 - 25%.- ng dy trn khng, in khng v cc thit b in khc tiu th khong 10%.Nh vy, ng c khng ng b v my bin p l hai loi thit b tiu th nhiu cng sut phn khng nht. Cng sut tc dng (P) l cng sut c bin thnh c nng hoc nhit nng trong cc my dng in; cn cng sut phn khng (Q) l cng sut t ho trong cc my in xoay chiu, n khng sinh ra cng. Qu trnh trao i cng sut phn khng gia my pht in v ni dng in l qu trnh dao ng. Mi chu k ca dng in (Q) i chiu bn ln, gi tr trung bnh ca(Q) trong chu k dng in bng khng. Cho nn, vic to ra cng sut phn khng khng i hi tiu tn nng lng ca ng c s cp quay my pht in. Mt khc, cng sut phn khng cung cp cho h dng in khng nht thit phi ly t ngun. V vy, trnh truyn ti mt lng (Q) kh ln trn ng dy, ngi ta t gn cc ni dng in cc my sinh ra (Q) ( t b, my b ng b) cung cp trc tip cho ph ti, lm nh vy c gi l b cng sut phn khng. Khi c b cng sut phn khng th gc lch pha gia dng in v in p trong mch s nh i. Do , h s cng sut cos ca mng s c nng cao.H s cng sut cos c nng ln s a n nhng hiu qu sau y:- Gim c tn tht cng sut trn mng in. - Gim c tn tht in p trong mng in.- Tng kh nng truyn ti ca ng dy v my bin p.Ngoi ra, vic nng cao cos cn a n hiu qu l gp phn lm n nh in p, tng kh nng pht in ca my pht inDo , b cng sut phn khng rt quan trng cn phi c quan tm v tnh ton ng mc. ci thin h s cng sut ca mng in, cn c b t in lm ngun pht cng sut phn khng. Cch gii quyt ny c gi l b cng sut phn khng. V tr t thit b b: t ti v tr c li nht v mt tn tht ip p, in nng cho i tng dng in. T in in p thp (0,4KV) c t theo 3 cch : t tp trung thanh ci pha sau in p thp ca trm bin p ca ta nh. t thnh nhm t phn phi, t ng lc. t phn tn tng thit b dng in.Do tnh cht ca cc thit b trong ta nh v vy cch t th 2 v 3 khng hp l v cc nhm t in t nhiu ch khin vic theo di chng trong khi vn hnh, khng thun tin v kh thc hin vic t ng iu chnh dung lng b, do ta chn cch t tp trung thanh ci in p ca trm bin p.5.2 B cng sut phn khng cho KTX Block-F2: T b c mc vo thanh ci v pha h p t in chnh (MSB):Dung lng b c xc nh theo cng thc:

Qb = Ptt ()Cng sut ton chung c c xc nh li nh sau:

Qb thc t = n . Q0Trong :n: S t bQ0: Cng sut nh mc t bTheo kt qu tnh ton ph ti chng 2 ta c: Tnh dung lng t b:Ptt = 1098,8 (KW)Qtt = 857 (KVar)Stt = 1393,5 (KVA)cos = 0,79tg = 0,78Chung c c h s cng sut cos1 = 0,79; tg1 = 0,78 nng h s cng sut ny ln n cos2 = 0,95; tg2 = 0,33.Dung lng cn b:Qb = Ptt . (tg1 - tg2) Qb = 1098,8 . (0,78 0,33) = 494,46 (KVar)Vy ta chn 5 b t b loi: KC2-0,38-100-3Y3 do Lin X (c) ch to vi cc thng s sau: (Da vo Bng 8.18 trang 57, sch Hng dn AMH thit k cung cp in Phan Th Thu Vn).Bng 5.1 Thng s t b.Thng sKC2-0,38-100-3Y3

in p nh mc (kV)0,38

Cng sut nh mc (kVAr)100

in dung (F)1102

Kiu ch toMt Pha & Ba pha

Chiu cao (mm)725

Khi lng (kg)60

Cng sut tnh ton ca chung c sau khi b:Qb thc t = 5 . 100 = 500 (KVar)

Stt (sau b) == 1155,3 (kVA)H s sau khi b cng sut:

cos = 5.3 iu chnh dung lng b:iu chnh dung lng b ca t in c th c thc hin bng tay hoc t ng.iu chnh t ng dung lng b ca t in thng ch c t ra trong trng hp b tp trung vi dung lng ln. C bn cch iu chnh dung lng b t ng: iu chnh dung lng b theo nguyn tc in p, theo thi gian, theo dng in ph ti v theo hng i ca cng sut phn khng. iu chnh dung lng b theo in p v thi gian thng c dng hn c.Vic iu chnh c th thc hin bng rle (s dng phn t c tip im), mch in t (s dng phn t khng tip im).

CHNG VITHIT K NI T CHO TRAM BIN AP V CHNG ST CHO TA NH6.1 Tnh ton h thng ni t My bin p c 2 cp in p U = 22/0,4 kV. cp h p c dng ln v vy in tr ni t ca trm yu cu khng vt qu 4 . Theo s liu a cht ta c th ly in tr xut ca t ti khu vc xy dng trm bin p l : = 100 /m Xc nh in tr ni t ca 1 cc.

[].Trong ::in tr xut ca t /md: ng knh ngoi ca cc, ml: chiu di ca cc, mh: chn su ca cc, tnh t mt t ti im gia ca cc, mTa dng cc ng thp trn ng knh d = 0,05 m, di lc = 2,5 m, chn su h = 0,7m

Hinh 6.1. Chn su in cc Vi tham s cc nh trn, thay vo cng thc trn ta tnh c in tr tip xc ca mi in cc nh sau:

- Xc nh s b s in cc.

Trong :Ryc: in tr ni t yu cu, Ryc = 4 .

Ta c: cc.Ta ly trn s n = 8 cc, phn b theo chu vi ca trm bin p Xc nh in tr thanh ni nm ngang

Trong ::l in tr sut ca t su chn thanh nm ngang /m (ly su = 0,5m) . = 100 /m.L: chiu di (chu vi) mch vng to nn bi cc thanh ni ,m. Trm bin p thit k c kch thc l :+ Chiu di: a = 7 m+ Chiu rng: b = 6 mMch vng ni t chn xung quanh trm thit k c chu vi: 2.(7+6) =26 mb: b rng thanh ni b = 0,04 m.h: chiu chn su thanh ni h = 0,7 m.

Ta c: =

Xc nh h s s dng ca cc cc v thanh ni ngang vi t s v s lng in cc n = 8 ta tm ct = 0,6 tra bng 6.6 TL1, = 0,8 Tra bng 6.4 TL1.+ Vy in tr thc t ca thanh l:

+ in tr thc t cc in cc thng l:

Ta tnh c in tr ni t cn thit ca ton b s cc l:

Vy Rnd = < Ryc = in tr ca h thng ni t tha mn yu cu k thut.Kt lun: h thng ni t cho trm c thit k nh sau:Dng 8 ng thp trn ng knh d = 0,05m, di lc = 2,5m, chn su h = 0,7m chn thnh mch vng 26m.S h thng ni t uc b tr nh hnh sau:

1:Cc 2: Thanh ni Hinh 6.2: S ni t trm bin p

6.2 Tnh ton chng st6.2.1 Khi nim v st Trong kh quyn, gia cc m my khi tch in tri du s sinh ra s phng in. Trc khi c s phng in ca st, c s phn chia v tch lu in tch rt cao trong cc m my ging, do tc ng ca cc lung kh nng bc ln v hi nc ngng t trong cc m my. in p gia cc m my ging v t c th t ti tr s hng chc, thm ch hng trm triu volt. Gia cc m my v t hnh thnh cc t in khng l. Cng in trng ca t in gia my v t khng ngng tng ln v nu cng in trng t ti gi tr ti hn (25-30 KV/cm) th bt u c s phng in hay gi l st.6.2.2 Cc hu qu ca st v vic bo v chng st trc tip:Khi la chn phng php bo v chng st nh trc tip vo cc cng trnh, cn phi la chn phng php bo v thch hp vi c tnh cu trc, mc ch s dng, yu cu ca cng ngh ca cng trnh .St nh trc tip vo ng dy ti in gy ra nhiu tc hi nghim trng nh: lm gin on vic cung cp in ca h thng, lm ngn mch, chm t cc pha cc thit b din do hin tng qu in p dn n h hng cch in ca cc thit b. Khi st nh vo cc cng trnh in, to nh cao tng; dng in st sinh ra s gy cc tc dng nhit, c, in t gy h hi ti sn : vt dng, thit b v nguy him cho tnh mng con ngi. Do , bo v chng st l vic cn thit cho cc cng trnh.Vic bo v chng st nh trc tip thng thc hin bng phng php dng ct thu st hoc dy thu st. Bao gm : b phn thu st, b phn ni t v b phn dn dng in st tn xung t (ni lin t b phn thu st v b phn ni t).C cc loi kiu thu st nh sau :Ct thu st t c lp.Dy thu st (dy cng dng ng-ten).Li thu st (cn gi l dng thu st).B phn thu st hn hp, gm : ct thu st v dy thu st kt hp vi nhau.6.2.3 Bo v chng st nh trc tip: 6.2.3.1 Cc nguyn tc bo v: Bo v chng st theo nguyn tc trng im :p dng i vi cc cng trnh c cao di 15(m) v cc cng trnh khng quan trng. Theo phng thc bo v trng im, ch nhng b phn thng b st nh mi phi bo v. i vi cng trnh mi bng, trng im bo v l bn gc, xung quanh tng chn mi v cc kt cu nh cao khi mt t. i vi cc cng trnh mi dc, trng im l cc nh ti cc gc, b nc b chy, cc gc dim mi v cc kt cu nh cao ln khi mt mi. Bo v chng st theo nguyn tc ton b :p dng i vi cc cng trnh c cao trn 20 (m) v cc cng trnh quan trng, d chy n. Theo nguyn tc ny th ton b cng trnh phi nm trong phm vi bo v ca cc ct thu st. y, i vi to nh ny c cao 57 (m) ta s thc hin bin php bo v ton b v s c 2 phng n thc hin, l bo v chng st dng kim thu st c in v bo v chng st dng u thu st c bit.6.2.3.2 Bo v dng kim thu st:Nguyn tc tnh ton vng bo v ca kim thu st :

Hnh 6.3 Vng bo v kim thu strx : bn knh bo v ca cng trnh.Bn knh bo v ca kim cao hx :

Trong :h : cao ca ct thu st.hx : cao ca cng trnh cn bo v.

p = 1 nu h 30 (m).

p = nu h > 30 (m).Khi c hai kim t gn nhau th s c hin tng tng h gia hai kim, s to nn mt ct gi tng h0 c gy ra phm vi bo v trong thc t.

Vi h0 = h - nu h > 30 (m).

Khi phi hp nhiu ct bo v mt din tch, th tng i ct mt c phm vi bo v nh hai ct. Phm vi bo v pha trong cc ct khng cn v, nhng c yu cu nh sau : D 8 (h-hx) p

Hnh 6.4 Phm vi bo v6.2.3.3 Bo v chng st dng u thu st ESE (Early Stream Emision):Nguyn tc tnh ton vng bo v ca u thu ESE : Cch lp t :u Ese c th c lp t trn ct c lp hoc trn kt cu cng trnh cn bo v, sao cho nh kim cao hn cc cao cn bo v. Nguyn l hot ng :ESE hot ng da trn nguyn l lm thay i trng in t chung quanh cu trc cn c bo v thng qua vic s dng vt liu p in. Cu trc c bit ca ESE to s gia tng cng in trng ti ch, to thi im kch hot sm, tng kh nng pht x ion, nh to c nhng iu kin l tng cho vic pht trin phng in st. Vng bo v :

Tu theo loi u ESE, cao ca ct thu st v cp bo v m s cho ta bn knh bo v Rp = f ( khong cch kch hot sm trung bnh L(m) ca kim, khong cch phng in Rs (m) tu theo cp bo v).Rs : khong cch phng in hay khong cch cc tia tin o c th ni lin.

+ Bo v cp I : Ist 2 (KA); RS = 20 (m)

+ Bo v cp II : 2 (KA) Ist 6 (KA);RS = 45 (m)

+ Bo v cp III : Ist 6 (KA);RS = 60 (m)Bng bn knh bo v ca cc loi u thu st ESE, theo cao lp t kim (trch sch an ton in ca c Phan Th Thu Vn).Bng 6.1. Bng bn knh bo v ca cc loi u thu st ESERp(m)SE6, L = 15mSE9

L = 30mSE12L=45mSE15

L= 60m

H(m)I(20m)II(45m)III(60m)IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII

2131820192528253236313943

4253641385157516572637885

63246524864726381907997107

83347544965736482917998108

103449564966756483927999109

2035556350718164869780102113

30355869507385658910180104116

60356075507590659010580105120

Bn knh cnh tranh :Theo phng php ny, th cc gc ca to nh v cc nh nhn s to ra mt vng cnh tranh vi bn knh cnh tranh c cho trong bng sau : (trch sch an ton in ca c Phm Th Thu Vn).

Bng 6.2. Bn knh cnh tranh ca cc nh nhnHx (m)Rct (m)Hx (m)Rct (m)

3122034

4172235

6202436

8232637

10262838

12283239

14303440

16314541

18337042

6.2.3.4 Tnh ton bo v cho ton cng trnhDin tch (87,5 . 51,5) m2. Chiu cao ti a ca to nh l 57,3 m.Ta s dng u thu st ESE bo v cho cng trnh.Ta ch dng mt u thu st t pha trn trung tm tng mi.Vi H = 65 (m) Rct = 42 (m)Khi bn knh cn bo v :RBV = Rct + 57,3/2 = 42 +31,2 = 70,65 (m)Khi mun bo v cp III :Tra bng trn ta s chn u SE -15 , vi H = 85 (m)Rp = 120 (m) > 70,65 (m)Suy ra, cng trnh c bo vKhi mun bo v cp II .Tra bng 6.1 ta s chn u SE -15 , vi H = 60 (m)Rp = 105 (m) > 70,65 (m)

Hnh 6.5 Mt bng din tch ca chung cTm li, ta s dng u SE 15 vi Rp = 120 m.Tnh ton ni t chng st :in tr ni t tnh ton cho h thng chng st phi tho mn Rn 10 ()Chn h thng ni t hnh tia:Ta chn cc thng s nh sau:Cc : thp gc 16 (mm) , di lc = 2,4 (m)Thanh ngang : ni dy bng dy ng trn 70 (mm) bng mi hn ha nhit(hoc kp).

Chn = 100 ()Khong cch gia 2 cc a = 5 (m)Cc chn su t0 =0,8 (m)Tra bng PL 03 sch bi tp K Thut in Cao p_ H Vn Nht Chng, ta c h s theo ma : Km (cc) = 1,3 ; Km (thanh) = 1,45 in tr sut tnh ton :

in tr ca cc :

R1cc = ( ln)

Vi t = t0 + = 0,8 + 1,5 = 2,3 (m)

R1cc = ) = 37,19 ()

Kt lun: vi tnh ton sn b, h thng li cc tip a chng st ca ton nh gm 2 bi cc tip a, mt bi 8 cc thp m ng 16 di 2,4m, mt bi 4 cc thp m ng 16 di 2,4m lin kt vi nhau bng cp truyn st bng mi hn ha nhit, in tr c m bo

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