Nonferrous Alloys ( 비철금속 )

Metal AlloysMetal AlloysManufacturing ProcessesManufacturing Processes

© 2013 Su-Jin Kim, GNU© 2013 Su-Jin Kim, GNU

Nonferrous Alloys ( 비철금속 )

More expensive than ferrous metals.Applications:• aluminium for aircraft bodies • copper wire • titanium for jet-engine turbine blades • tantalum for rocket engines


© 2013 Su-Jin Kim, GNU© 2013 Su-Jin Kim, GNU2

Nonferrous Alloys( 비철금속 )

NonFerrous Alloys

• Al Alloys-low : 2.7 g/cm3 -Cu, Mg, Si, Mn, Zn additions -solid sol. or precip. strengthened (struct.

aircraft parts & packaging)

• Mg Alloys-very low : 1.7g/cm3 -ignites easily -smartphone

• Refractory metals-high melting T’s -Nb, Mo, W, Ta• Noble metals

-Ag, Au, Pt -oxid./corr. resistant

• Ti Alloys-relatively low : 4.5 g/cm3

vs 7.9 for steel -reactive at high T’s -space applic.

• Cu AlloysBrass: Zn is subst. impurity (costume jewelry, coins, corrosion resistant)Bronze : Sn, Al, Si, Ni are subst. impurities (bushings, landing gear)Cu-Be: precip. hardened for strength



Copper alloys

• Copper alloys( 구리합금 ) have electrical and mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, thermal conductivity and wear resistance.

• Applications are electronic components, springs and heat exchangers.

Brass( 황동 ) is an alloy of copper and zinc (Zn 30%). Applications are costume jewelry, coins, corrosion resistant.

Bronze( 청동 ) is an alloy of copper and tin (Sn 10% , Al, Si, Ni). Applications are bushings, landing gear.



Aluminium alloys

Factors for selecting Aluminum (Al) alloys are:•High strength to weight ratio ( 2.7 g/cm3) •Resistance to corrosion•High thermal and electrical conductivity•Ease of machinability•Non-magneticEx) A7075 A6061 A5052



Magnesium alloys

• Magnesium (Mg) is the lightest metal (1.7g/cm3).• It ignites easily.• Typical uses of magnesium alloys are the frame of

electric device like as smart phone.



Nickel alloys

• Nickel (Ni) has strength, toughness, and corrosion resistance to metals.

• Used in stainless steels and nickel-base alloys at chemical and food processing industry (Nikel200).

• Inconel 600 (Cr 15% Fr8%) alloys are used for high temperature applications, such as jet-engine components and rockets.



Superalloys

• Superalloys ( 초합금 ) are high-temperature alloys use in jet engines and gas turbines.

Ex) IN-100 -102, Inconel 625 718, MAR-M 200 432 …



Titanium alloys• Titanium (Ti) is expensive, has high strength-to-weight

ratio and corrosion resistance. Relatively low density 4.5 g/cm3.

• Used as components for aircrafts, jet-engines, racing-cars and medical equipments.

• Ex) Ti-6AI-4V



Refractory metals

• Refractory metals ( 고용융점 금속 ) have a high melting point and retain their strength at elevated temperatures.

• Applications are electronics, nuclear power and chemical industries.

• Molybdenum, columbium, tungsten, and tantalum (Nb, Mo, W, Ta) are referred to as refractory metal.



Other nonferrous metals

1. Beryllium (Be)2. Zirconium (Zr)3. Low-melting-point ( 저 용융점 ) metals:

- Lead (Pb, 납 )- Zinc (Zn, 아연 )- Tin (Sn, 주석 )

4. Precious metals ( 귀금속 ): - Gold (Ag, 금 )- Silver (Au, 은 )- Platinum (Pt, 백금 )



Special metals and alloys

1. Shape-memory alloys2. Amorphous alloys3. Nanomaterials4. Metal foams



Korea Zink ( 고려아연 )

• Zinc (Zn) : Galvanized steel plate(pipe, wire), color steel plate, automobile part, machine/electronic part, anti-corrosion paint

• Lead (Pb) : Automobile and industrial battery, electric wire coating, radiation shielder

• Copper, God, Silver, Indium, nickel, bismuth, antimony trioxide, palladium, platinum, cadmium, gallium, germanium, tellurium, cobalt



Poongsan ( 풍산 )

• Copper (Cu) : sheet & strips, tubes, rods, coin blanks, semiconductor leadframe

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Nonferrous Alloys ( 비철금속 )