OECD STUDY

JOB CREATION THROUGH THE SOCIAL ECONOMY AND SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP

Quick overview of the 14 territories surveyed

Breta

gne, F

ranc

e

Quebe

c, C

anad

a

Bourg

ogne

, Fra

nce

Fland

ers,

Belgi

um

Västra

Götal

and,

Swed

en

Lomba

rdia

, Ita

ly

Luxem

bour

g

British

Col

umbi

a, C

anad

a

Regiu

nea

Sud E

st, R

oman

ia

Regiu

nea

Centru,

Rom

ania

Puglia

, Ita

ly

Tasm

ania

, Aus

tral

ia

Öster

götla

nd, S

wed

en

Wes

tern

Syd

ney, A

ustral

ia0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

Number of SEOs responding to survey in each territoryTotal (N) = 655

Quick overview of the sectors

Agriculture, forestry and fishing

Building support services

Construction

Culture and Recreation

Education and training services

Energy and water services

Environmental services

Financial and insurance services

Healthcare and medical services

Manufacturing

Professional and consultancy services

Wholesale and Retail Trading

Residential care services

Social assistance services

Work integration

Tourism

Other

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30%

Percentage of all SEOs operating in each sector

Quick overview of the sources of income

Public contracts Sale of goods/services

Donations/grants Membership fees Subsidies Other sources0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Average (mean) percentage of 2011 income received from different sources:

aggregate data for all territories

Job Creation by SEOs

Tasmania

Western Sydney

Flanders

British Columbia

Quebec

Bourgogne

Bretagne

Lombardia

Puglia

Luxembourg

Regiunea Centru

Regiunea Sud Est

Östergötland

Västra Götaland

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

Changes in full time equivalent employment during 2011 by territory 

Stayed at 2010 levels

Decreased overall number of paid employees

Increased overall number of paid employees

Number of organisations

Job Creation by SEOs

• Reasons for increased employment:– Increased sales of goods and services – Award of government contracts– Prevailing economic conditions

• Reasons for reduced employment:– Prevailing economic conditions– Decreased sales of goods and services– Loss of public sector contracts

SEOs’ work with vulnerable groups

26.0%

20.8%26.6%

26.6%

Nature of SEOs' work with vulnerable people: aggregated data for all territories

Organisation does not create employment opportunities for vulnerable individuals

Organisation provides train-ing opportunities for vulner-able individuals and supports them to find employment

Organisation provides stable employment opportunities for vulnerable individuals

Organisation provides support to individuals whose vulnera-bility limits their capacity to find paid employment in the open labour market

Job Quality in SEOs

Due to:• Uncertain funding• Short term contracts• Changing govt. priorities• Economic conditions

Due to:• Flat organisational structures• Limited capabilities

Due to:• Insufficient income• Low paying sectors• Competition• Market doesn’t maintain living

wage

Due to:• Lack of funding• Lack of availability

SEOs’ Policy Recommendations

• Longer term contracts – job security

• Social clauses to favour SEOs in procurement

• Reduce tax and insurance contributions for SEOs

• Government should financially support the ‘social’ dimension of SEOs’ work with vulnerable people

• Ensure that contracts support payment of living wages

• Streamline and simplify policy environment

SEOs’ Policy Recommendations

• Government provision of/funding for training

• Encouraging collaboration and resource sharing amongst SEOs

• Greater support for social enterprise in political discourses

• Stronger emphasis on social enterprise and social justice in the education system

Our Policy Recommendations

• Making SEOs favoured providers of public services;

• Awarding public sector contracts of a longer duration to SEOs and ensure that these give full cost recovery for the services provided;

• Ensure that subsidies recognise the social contribution of SEOs;

Our Policy Recommendations

• Government provision of and/or funding of training for SEO employees

• Reduced legislative burden for SEOs • Greater rhetorical support for the social economy by policy makers; and,• Embedding social enterprise courses in national curricula.

For further informationon this OECD study

please contactantonella.noya@oecd.org

Job Creation through the Social Economy