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Load Out Training
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www.bimv.com
LOAD OUT TRAINING - DAY 3:OFFSHORE MARITIME RISK ANALYSIS
Capt. Nol Haegeman
Kuala Lumpur, June 2011
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LOAD OUT MOVES TO LOCATION
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Mooring/Move procedures
Consideration of the planning mooring operations
Short move from docking to heavy weight or towed move to location
Transported & moored on heavy weight ships or under tow by tugs & AHTs
Interfield move
Coastal interfield move
Oceanic move
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Basic steps
Local law application as on Unclos EEZ considerations
Preparing of checklists based from barge to all assisting equipment units
Capability of barge / offshore unit for mooring in designated location
Are AHTs & mooring anchor equipment available & in good condition
Use of competent, experienced and certified labour
Time schedule planning based on meteological & geographical limiations
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Cont. Basic steps
With drawings provided proposed mooring-anchor pattern described & approved by authorities & experts
Anchor-mooring procedures & sequence as location approaches described &planified based on drawings
Positioning by tugs & AHTs based on DP & transponder observations
Sufficient tugs available as required bollard power based on Deadweight & prevailing weather conditions
Good communication required between all individual & combined offshore units
Approvals & permissions by oil/mineral industry departments and marine underwriters by warranty surveyors-certifications
Certificate of Approval
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Approval Certificate
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Operations planning check list
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Positioning procedure
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NOBLE DENTON
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Tow - Mooring gear
Considerations of strenght Arrangements for each different unit Towing bridles Tow mooring planifications Use of mooring-tow lines
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TOWING ARRANGEMENTS
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STRENGHT TOWING GEAR
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TYPICAL TOWING GEAR REQUIREMENTS Equipment
Minimum Breakings Strength (ST)1.3 in. Pendant Wire 6 x 37 Galv. IWRC3602.2 in. Pendant Wire 6 x 37 Galv. IWRC2723.2 in. Pendant Wire 6 x 37 Galv. IWRC(Weak Link)180-2604.3 in. 85 ton G-2130 Safety Anchor Shackle4255.2 in. 55 ton G-2130 Safety Anchor Shackle3306.3 in. G RIII Stud Link Chain552.57.Triangular Flounder or Fish Plate290
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STANDARD MAIN BRIDLE
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Towing Bridle
Fishplate
Hawser
Tugger line
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FISHPLATE
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TOWING RINGS & HARP SHACKLE
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Connection Details
STUD LINCK &PINS
Dont use Panama
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Deep draft towing gear
3/ 85 ton shackles
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2 Tugs towing
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Towing using anchor/chain
Chain out minimum 150 ft
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Narrow Water Towing
Short tow line
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LONG DISTANCE OCEAN TOW
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TOW GEAR INSPECTION
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STRENGHT OF TOWING GEAR
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Basic Tow Line Configuration
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Towing arrangements for heavy duty semi-submersible
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Heavy duty strenght towing gear components
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Stowage of Towing gear
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Bridle Stowage
Maintenance bridle & padlocks
Emergency bridles
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HIGHLINE TOWING BRIDLE
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MINIMUM B.L & STRAND ROPE
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SHACKLES STRENGHT
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Strenght Requirements Towing Gear
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TOWING LINE / PENDANT
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MULTIPLE STRAND WIRE ROPE
S- lay strand composition
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Strenght composition for mooring lines ( wire synthetic)1 ) Parallel yarn :
- Highest strenght conversion
- High modulus
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Wire/Rope strenght configuration
2) Parallel strand
3) Limited parallel strands
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Mooring materials
Strength:Construction:Fibre:(KN) Wire Rope
Aramid HM strong synthetic fibre
HMPE(high modulus polyethylene)= spectra or dyneema
LCAP(liquid crystal aromatic polyester) =vectran
Nylon( strong dry / 20% less wet)
Polyester( strength dry = wet)
Polypropylene ( floating)
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Minimum Break Load for 8 strand synthetics
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Wire mooring lines
Hexagon wire ( same diam)
Warrington ( diff diam)
Warrington Seal comp.
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Tension on wire lines only
2,2 GN ( giga newton) = 10 kip
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Only H.M mooring lines
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Wire lines & Auxilary synthetics
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Wire + Synthetic Fibre mixed Lines
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Use of lines by deadweight
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TUG HORSE POWER BHP
Field Moves Ocean Tows
Small semi-submersible
8-10,000 15 16,000
Large semi-submersible with propulsion
8 10.000 10 18,000
Large semi-submersible without propulsion
11 13,000 20 22,000
Small jack-up (100-150 ft. waterdepth)
6 8,000 8 9,000
Medium jack-up (150 250 ft. waterdepth)
8 10,000 12 16,000
Large jack-up (300+ ft. waterdepth)
10 16,000 15 18,000
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STILL WATER RESISTANCE vs SPEED
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AHTs Supplys Tugs
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BOLLARD POWER AHT
BP is tractive force in tonnes or Kn
Depends on propeller type/ available nozzlesshape of hull draught & trim
Rules of thumb conversion BHP to B.P
- 0,9 x BHP x 1,1/100 (fix pitch - rudder)
- 0,9 x BHP x 1,2/100 (fix pitch - nozzle)
- 0,9 x BHP x 1,25/100 (contr.pitch - rudder)
- 0,9 x BHP x 1,4/100 (contr.pitch - nozzle)
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Bollard Power Test
Static bollard power
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Cont. BP test
Dynamic bollard power
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REQUIRED BOLLARD POWER
Required B.P=
(Displacement (t) x 60) : 100.000 + 40
In still water to move up to 3 4 knts
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Warranty B.P for ZERO Knts
-To remain in position meteo elements in opposite direction of heading
- Wind 44 knts
- Current 3 knts
- Wave height 25 ft
Beaufort Force 9Strong galeWind speed (knots): 41 - 47
Wave height (feet): 23 - 32Sea state: High waves; sea begins to roll; densestreaks of foam; spray may reducevisibility
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B.P (resistance factors)
Wind Resistance (Rw) ( area- wind velocity-still water tow speed)
Wave forming Resistance ( Rwf) ( hull shape- under water area)
Current Effect (Rc) ( wetted underwater area)
Hawser Resistance (Rh)
Wave height Effects (Rwh)
Shape Coefficient (Bc)
Height Coefficient ( Freeboard)
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Meteological aspects wind current
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Forecasting & prevailing synopsis
Petterssen, 1958
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Global Meteo Services
For accurate meteo planning acc. Wind, swell, current
Wefax by NOAA(Nat.Oceon.Atm.Ass)USA
AWT ( applied weather techno.)
BVS ( Bon Voyage System)
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WIND VERSUS DRAFT
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CANDRIL WAVE/CURRENT
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Example AHT
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EXAMPLE OCEAN AHT
16.500BHP emergency towing vessel 180 tons bollard pullfull Built 2002 chinaclassed lloyds +100a1 +lmc, ums2,258 grt / 677 nrt
1,800 dwt 67.40m loa x 15.50m beam x 7.50m x depth x 6.20m draft
2 x wartsila 16v 32lnd main engines 2 x cp propellers in nozzles2 x 9t bow thrusters1 x 8t stern thrustermax speed 17 knots1 x
triple drum ah/towing winch, 450t brake2 x 10t tugger winches 2 x 10t capstans 180 cbm
chain locker1 x j-hook344 m2 clear deck area - 12.6m x 27.3m10.0 t/m2
deck strength700 tons deck cargo1 x deck crane (3t @ 15m 420 cbm fresh water 1,200 cbm fuel oilfifi 1: 2 x 1200 cbm/hr fifi pumps accommodation for 20 persons in 17 cabins
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OFFSHORE POSITIONING
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ANCHOR PATTERNS
45 symmetric 8 line pattern
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10 line spread pattern
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12 line spread pattern (e.g FPSO)
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Pulling Barge spread
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Drilling Tender Spread Combination to other units
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Support Vessel Mooring Spread
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Mooring Catery Curves
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POSITION CALCULATING
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Move to position
2 AHT
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3 AHTs
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To location
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Alongside platform
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Dropping anchors
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Running Anchors
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Move of anchor
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PRELAID MOORINGS
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AHT Pull Leads
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D.O.P use of 2 AHT
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MOORING CHAIN EQUIPMENT
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D.O.P in Confined Area
Use of 3 AHT
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USE OFYOKOHAMA SUPPORT & SUPPORT BOUY BLOCK
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Deploy yokohama support
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Yokohama Support Block
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Deploy midline support block
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Cont. M.S.L
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Cont M.S.L
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Midline support bouy blocks
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MULTIPLE POINT MOORING
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MULTIPLE SUPPORT POINT MOORING
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SURFACE BLOCK
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SINGLE POINT MOORING
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TAKE OFF ANCHOR POSITION
Chase of anchors
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TAKE off BUOY / ANCHOR
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LIFTING CHAIN
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Departure Sequence
Open water 2 AHT
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Departure confined space
3 AHT
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INSTALLATION OF CALM BUOY
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Calm buoy
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Positioning Jack up barge
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Jack up leg penetration
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Thank you & enjoy the offshore