N SY G GVHD: TS.TRN VN VANGMc lcCHNG 1: NGHIN CU TNH CHT VT L CA G1.1 .Vai tr ca m trong g v mc ch sy g:1.1.1 Vai tr ca m trong g:1.1.2 Mc ch sy g:1.2 TNH CHT CA G LIN QUAN N QU TRNH SY1.2.1 Cu trc ca g:1.2.2 Tnh cht ha hc ca g1.2.3 m G1.2.3.1 m tng i 1.2.3.2. m tuyt i 1.2.3.3. m cn bng 1.2.3.4. m bo th g 1.2.4.Tnh cht nhit l ca g: 1.2.4.1.Tnh gin n do nhit 1.2.4.2.Tnh dn nhit* nh hng ca khi lng ring ca g * nh hng ca m * nh hng ca nhit 1.2.4.3.Khi lng ring ca g: 1.2.4.4.Nhit dung ring ca g: 1.3.S co rt v bin dng ca g1.4 Cc trng thi ng sut trong qu trnh sy g1.5. Cc nguyn nhn sinh ng sut v cc khuyt tt ca g lc sy1.6. CC PHNG PHP SY G1.6.1. Phng php sy i lu 1.6.1.1.Phng php sy nng 1.6.1.2.Phng php sy lnh1.6.2. Phng php sy chn khng1.6..3. Phng php sy bng in t trng cao tn1.6.4. Phng php sy tip xc1.7.CH SY V QUY TRNH SY G:1.7.1 Ch sy g: 1.7.1.2.C s thnh lp ch sy g 1.7.1.3.Cc loi ch sy g1.7.2.Qui trnh sy g1.7.2.1.Cng tc chun b1.7.2.2.Xp gSVTH: Bi Ngc Dng - Lp : 06N2 Trang 1 N SY G GVHD: TS.TRN VN VANG1.7.2.3.Chn v xy dng ch syCHNG 2: TNH TON THIT B SY2.1 Chn phng php sy2.1.1 Chn thit b sy2.1.2 Gii thiu phng php sy i lu2.1.3 Chn tc nhn sy, ch sy v quy trnh sy2.1.4 Chn vt liu v cch sp xp vtliu trong bung sy2.2 Tnh ton qu trnh sy l thuyt2.2.1 Trng thi khng kh bn ngoi2.2.2 Cc thng s trng thi khng kh trong bung sy2.2.3 Khi lng g vo v ra trong mi giai on2.2.4 Cc thng s trng thi mi giai on2.3 Xc nh kch thc bung syCHNG 3: TNH TON NHIT QU TRNH SY3.1 Tnh ton nhit bung sy theo l thuyt: 3.1.1 Tn tht do vt liu mang i 3.1.2 Tn tht ra mi trng 3.1.3 Nhit lng tiu hao 3.1.4 Lng nhit do tc nhn sy mang i 3.1.5 Tng lng nhit trong qu trnh sy 3.1.6 Lng nhit tiu hao trong qu trnh sy3.2 Tnh ton qu trnh nhit thc t: 3.2.1 Xc nh cc thng s trong qu trnh sy thc t 3.2.2 Lng khng kh kh thc t 3.2.3 Lng nhit tiu hao thc t 3.2.4 Tng tn tht nhit thc t3.3 Hiu sut nhit ca h thng syCHNG 4: TNH CHN CC THIT B PH TR4.1 Tnh chn Calorife4.2 Tnh chn qutSVTH: Bi Ngc Dng - Lp : 06N2 Trang 2 N SY G GVHD: TS.TRN VN VANGLI NI UHin nay, Vit Nam cng nh nhiu nc trn th gii cc sn phm c ch bin t g ng mt vai tr quan trng khng ch v mt thm m m cn v li ch kinh t. Hu ht g c khai thc t rng, trong c mt phn khng nh l g khai thc bt hp php, do lm cho ti nguyn rng ngy cng cn kit. nng cao thc v vic khai thc g, chng ta cn tng cng trng rng thay th v nng cao kh nng ch bin g nhm s dng mt cch ti a lng g khai thc. Vit Nam hin nay c nhiu doanh nghip ch bin g nhng tp trung ch yu TP H Ch Minh, Bnh Dng v Bnh nh. Cc doanh nghip sn xut ch bin g gp phn quan trng i vi s pht trin chung ca nghnh sn xut ch bin g xut khu ca Vit Nam v ng gp mt phn khng nh vo ngn sch ca a phng. Tuy nhin, nhiu doanh nghip sn xut ch bin g vn cha c nhn thc ng n v vai tr quan trng ca vic sy g. Mt s doanh nghip c quan tm n vic sy g nhng ch yu l lm theo kinh nghim, khng theo mt quy trnh bi bn, ng k thut. Trong , hn ch ln nht ca cc doanh nghip l kh nng nhn bit v tnh cht ca g, t c ch sy ph hp trnh xy ra cc khuyt tt cho g.y l ln u tin nhn ti Thit k h thng sy g mang tnh cht o su chuyn nghnh. Sau thi gian c giao v c s hng dn tn tnh ca Thy gio TS. Trn Vn Vang em hon thnh xong n ny. Tuy nhin, do kin thc v ti liu tham kho cn hn ch nn em khng th trnh khi sai st trong qu trnh thit k, v vy em rt mong c s ch bo ca Thy. Cui cng em xin chn thnh cm n Thy. Sinh vin thc hin : Bi Ngc DngSVTH: Bi Ngc Dng - Lp : 06N2 Trang 3 N SY G GVHD: TS.TRN VN VANGCHNG 1:NGHIN CU TNH CHT VT L CA G1.2Vai tr ca m trong g v mc ch sy g:1.1.1 Vai tr ca m trong g:Qu trnh sy g l qu trnh rt nc trong g ra, tc qu trnh lm bay hi nc trong g, qu trnh lm kh g. Lng nc cha trong g tn ti di nhiu dng khc nhau, ch yu di hai dng: nc t do v nc lin kt.Nc t do l nm trong cc khoang bo, rut t bo, nm trong h thng mao qun ca g nn cn gi l nc mao qun.Nclinkt lncdnht (ncthm)nmtrongvchtbo,giaccb sellulose v mt phn lin kt ho hc qua cu hir gia phn t nc v phn t sellulose. Ranh gii gia hai loi nc trn quyt nh im bo ho th g.Theo nh bc hc Kebol nghin cu v a ra kt lun: G ch b mc khi m ca g nm trong phm vi (22 130)%.Trong phm vi m ca g lm bin dng cong vnh cc x, dm v ct lm gim bn v sc chu lc ca vt liu.Trong cc hng mc dn dng th trong gia cng v ch bin g, m gy s co rt v bin dng hnh th sn phm gia cng nh lm bin mu, b nm, nt n v gim cht lng thnh phm.Qua nhiu nghin cu thc nghim cho thy bn c hc ca g tng khi m ca g gim t (30 0).Trong cc ngnh s dng g, yu cu v vt liu g phi kh, khng co rt, cong vnh, c kh nng chng c nm n, trnh s mt mu cng nh chu ng c s tn cng ca cn trng.G cng kh th dn in dn nhit cng thp, nhit tr tng ln, khi g kh d thm, tm cc cht cn thit v chng mi mt, tng thi gian s dng g.1.1.2 Mc ch sy g:Sy g l qu trnh loi b nc khi g (n m yu cu) nh qu trnh bay hi nc.Sy g c vai tr rt quan trng, gp phn lm gim khi lng g nhng li tng cng , nng cao tnh n nh kch thc g trong qu trnh s dng, hn ch s cong vnh, nt n ca sn phm. ng thi, sy g cn nng cao kh nng dn dnh cc thanh g vi nhau, kh nng trang sc cho g, kh nng chng nm mc, sinh vt hi g v nng cao tnh m thanh ca g Mt vn cn lu trong qu trnh sy g l khu x l nhit,x l gia chng, x l cui Chng hn, mc ch ca khu x l nhit l lm nng g trong mi trng c m bo ha khng kh cao v nng cao kh nng thot m ca g giai on sau. Mc ch ca khu x l gia chng l lm gim hin tng nt n b mt g c th xy ra khi m lp mt kh qu nhanh, trong khi m bn trong cn rt cao. Khu x l cui cng l nhm loi b s khng ng u v m g trn b mt ct ngang, loi b ng sut d c th xy ra cc vt nt ngm v bin dng ca g sau khi sy 1.2 Tnh cht ca g lin quan n qu trnh sy:SVTH: Bi Ngc Dng - Lp : 06N2 Trang 4 N SY G GVHD: TS.TRN VN VANG1.2.1 Cu to g:G cng nh nhiu vt liu m khc c cu trc xp. Khong cch gia cc phn t cu to nn khung vt cht kh ln hn kch thc ca phn t. Khng gian gia cc phn t gi l cc mao dn hay cc l xp. i vi cc vt liu m th cc mao dn hay l xp cha y nc.Cu trc khng gian ca cc mao dn hay l xp rt phc tp. Tnh cht ca n c xc nh bi mt lot cc yu t nh xp, thm thu, dng v kch thc ca cc l xp. xp ca g c xc nh bng cng thc:VV VVVk lv (1-1)Trong : V, Vl, Vk - Th tch vt liu m, ca cc l xp v ca phn khung vt liu kh, m3; xp b mt c xc nh theo cng thc:FFLF (1-2)FL, - l tng din tch ca cc l xp trn mt ct c din tch F.Cu to g c lin quan cht ch n tnh cht g v khuyt tt t nhin, l c s cho s nhn bit, gia cng, ch bin v s dng g. Hiu r vn ny s s dng ng mc ch v xc nh ch gia cng hp l, qua nng cao c hiu sut s dng g. Chng hn, trong thin nhin c hai loi g chnh l g l rng (g cng) v g kim (g mm). Trong , phn tia g ca loi g l rng chim (510)% th tch cy, vi g l kim tia g ch chim (12)% th tch cy. ng thi, chng ta cn nm c nhng khuyt tt t nhin ca g nh: Mt g, khuyt tt hnh dng (cong, tht nhn, u bch, bng lm ), khuyt tt do cu to (th nghing, lon th, g lch tm, g hai tm )1.2.2. m ca g: m c nh hng ln n tnh cht ca g. Nc nm trong g c ba dng: nc mao dn (t do), nc hp th v nc lin kt. 1.2.2.1 m tng i: m tng i ca g l hm lng nc cha trong g qui v mt n v khi lng g ti v c xc nh theo cng thc sau y:

% 100 .GG - GWoa (1-3)Trong G, Go l khi lng g ti v g kh kit, kg. m tng i ca g bin thin t 0 n 100%.Trong qu trnh sy do nc bay hi, khi lng g s thay i t G1 n G2, tng ng m tng i trc lc sy Wa1 v sau khi sy Wa2 . V lng g kh trc lc sy v sau khi sy u ging nhau nn ta c mi quan h sau: a2a112W 1W 1GG (1-4)SVTH: Bi Ngc Dng - Lp : 06N2 Trang 5 N SY G GVHD: TS.TRN VN VANGHay:) W 1 (GG- 1 Wa121a2 (1-5)Trong thc t sy g ta thng xc nh c khi lng g ban u G1, m ban u Wa1 v m cui qu trnh Wa2 sy cn t c, nh vy khi lng g cui qu trnh sy s l: a2a11 2W 1W 1. G G (1-6)Nh vy trong qu trnh sy, ta ch vic theo di khi lng g s bit c m hin thi ca chng v bit cn dng sy lc no.1.2.2.2 m tuyt i ca g : m tuyt i ca g l hm lng nc cha trong g qui v mt n v khi lng g kh tuyt i (g kh kit) v c xc nh theo cng thc sau:

% 100 .GG - GWoo(1-7)Trong thc t ngi ta hay dng khi nim ny ni v m ca g. V l thuyt gi tr m tuyt i c th nm t 0 n + tu thuc vo lng nc trong g.Tng t vi m tng i, ta c mi quan h gia lng g trc v sau khi sy v m tuyt i nh sau: 1212W 1W 1GG++(1-8)Quan h gia m tng i v tuyt i nh sau: aaW - 1WW v 1 WWWa+ (1-9)Ta c th xc nh lng hi nc thot khi g trong mt n v thi gian nht nh:a2a2 a11a1a2 a12 2 1W 1W - W. GW 1W - W. G G G G (1-10)hoc xc nh theo m tuyt i:12 1122 12W 1W - W. GW 1W - W. G G++ (1-11)Nu sy kh kit hon ton th G = Ga tc bng lng hi nc cha trong gBng 2.1Wa, (-) 0,8 0,7 0,6 0,5 0,4 0,3 0,2 0,1 0,0Ga, kg 400 233 150 100 66,7 42,9 25 11,1 0Go, kg 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100G, kg- 167 83 50 33,3 23,8 17,9 13,9 11,1SVTH: Bi Ngc Dng - Lp : 06N2 Trang 6 N SY G GVHD: TS.TRN VN VANGT bng trn ta thy trong giai on u khi m Wacn ln khi gim m 10% lng hi nc thot ra rt ln, nhng cui qu trnh khi m thp, gim m Wa cng cng mt lng 10% th lng m thot ra rt b.1.2.2.3 m cn bng Wcb[%]: Nu ta t hai mu g trong mt mi trng khng kh c m no . Mt mu g c m ban u kh ln v mu kia c m kh nh, xp x 0%. Ngi ta nhn thy, m ca mu g t c xu hng gim dn v m ca mu g kh tng dn. m ca hai mu ny c xu hng tim cn dn n mt gi tr no gi l m cn bng Wcb. Thc t cho thy m ca hai mu g rt kh t gi tr cn bng m thng chnh lch nhau t 13% xung quanh gi tr . Nh vy khi t trong mi trng khng kh th mu g t s kh dn ( m gim) s thay i m theo ng cong lm kh, qu trnh ny gi l qu trnh lm kh hay kh hp th. Ngc li mu g kh s m t dn ( m tng) theo ng cong ht m, qu trnh ny gi l qu trnh ht m hay hp th.W, %, h30100Wcb WQuatrnh lam kh cua gQuatrnh hut m cua gHnh 2-1: Qu trnh cn bng m ca gTheo G.K. Phylonchenko m cn ca vt liu m c xc nh bng:,%b100.bBn / 1n / 1cb

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(2-12)Trong B, b v n l cc hng s thc nghim v cho bng di y:Bng 2-1 : Cc gi tr thc nghim B, b v nVt liu B b NLen d 205 0,75 2T tm 730 1 3Bng 45 1 2G 81 1 2Thuc l 273 1 2i vi cc loi ht, G.A. Egorov xut cng thc xc nh m cn bng hp ph nh sau:SVTH: Bi Ngc Dng - Lp : 06N2 Trang 7 N SY G GVHD: TS.TRN VN VANG2 / 12 1 cbh100100ln . K . 435 , 0 K

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+ (2-13) Trong K1 v K2 l cc hng s thc nghim v c xc nh tu thuc vo khong ca cb. Nu cbh = 08% v 0 < 30%)(Giai on sy ng tc):Giai on ny ko di trong mt thi gian cho g sy kh gn n im bo ho th g. thi gian di hay ngn, ph thuc vo m ban u(Wa), loi g v kch thc vn (theo quy trnh sy).th sy (t) khng c qu ln. Mc dy l giai on m thot ra nhiu, c cng thot m ln, nhng thng xy ratrng hp chai cng b mt g cn tr s thot m v sau, ko di thi gian sy ; hocb mt g b nt.Trong thi gian ny cn duy tr nhit sy n nh, bng nhit sy ban u v hm khng cho lp g b mt kh qu nhanh, m bo qu trnh di chuyn m t bn trong ra mt ngoi g mt cch lin tc v mc ti a ph hp vi tng loi g sy. Theo kinh nghim, trong giai on ny cn phi ng cc ca thot kh v tng t = 710oC (i vi g d sy) v t = 57oC (i vi g kh sy).- Giai on x l gia chngX l gia chng thng c thc hin i vi cc loi g kh sy (d sinh khuyt tt, g c qui cch ln . .). tin hnh giai on ny ta phi phun m lin tctrong sut thi gian x l gia chng, ph thuc vo qui cch g ( 2 gi/1cm chiu dy g)- Giai on sy 2 (Giai on sy cui cng hay giai on sy gim tc):Giai on ny biu th qu trnh sy m m ca g sy gim xung di im bo ho th g . giai on ny qu trnh thot m s kh khn. Do vy trong qu trnh sy SVTH: Bi Ngc Dng - Lp : 06N2 Trang 20 N SY G GVHD: TS.TRN VN VANGbc sang giai on sy II s tng dn nhit sy v ng thi m dn ca thot m tng dn t ca mi trng sy (gim m mi trng sy), nhm h tr cho qu trnh lm kh g giai on cui.Giai on cui thot m lin kt (w30% ). th sy (t) khng c qu ln. Mc d y l giai on m thot ra nhiu. c cng thot m ln nhng thng xy ra trng hp chai cng b mt g cn tr s thot m v sau. ko di thi gian sy hoc b nt. - Giai on g c m nm trong khong m bo ha th g(Wbhtg= 25 30%) g thng hay b cng vnh. bin dng. V vy giai on ny ngi vn hnh phi ch gim th sy bng cch tng cng phun m b sung iu ha m trong g sy.- Giai on cui thot m lin kt ( w< 20%) cn tng dn th sy rt ngn thi gian sy.- Khi m ca g gim xung di im bo ho th g.tc sy gim dn.Cc loi ch sy: Trong phm vi n s dng phn loi ch sy nh sau:-Ch sy gia tc: Nhit sy cao hn nhit sy nh mc 20 250C. -Ch sy nhit cao: Ch sy ny ch yu dng cho l sy hi qu nhit vi nhit cao hn 2000C v nhit nhit k t gi c nh ttt=2000C. -Ch sy nhit thp: Nhit sy trong khong t 500600C. mt s nc ng u s dng ch yu ch sy sp xp theo thi gian . Cn ch sy c ch dn din bin ca ng sut trong nguyn liu l loi ch sy mi hin nay. tuy nhin cn nhiu tr ngi v k thut kim tra nn cha c s dng rng ri.SVTH: Bi Ngc Dng - Lp : 06N2 Trang 23 N SY G GVHD: TS.TRN VN VANG2.1.4 Chn vt liu sy v cch sp xp g trong bung sy 2.1.4.1 Chn vt liu sy: n mn hc ny em chn vt liu sy l g trm hay cn gi l g keo lai vi cc thng s nh sau:Chiu dy ca g = 25mm m ca g trc khi sy : 60% m ca g sau khi sy : 12%c im ca g keo lai:G keo l loi g kh sy, gsau khi s y chu yu c s dung san xut hang m c xut khu hoc dng trong cng nghip sn xut giy.G keo thuc nhm g sy 3.-Sc chu nn dc th (kg/cm2): thuc nhm g c sc bn chu nn dc c xp vo loitrung bnh (550-750 kg/cm2). Trong , Trm l di (606 kg/cm2) c sc chu nn dc cao hn trm ta (554 kg/cm2) cng l c chn l 9,38%.-Khi lng ring ca g keo: = 800 kg/m3 ng vi m ca g keo = 12% 2.1.4.2 Yu cu i vi vic xp g:Thng thng g c xp trn cc xe gng rt thun li cho vic a vo v ra hm sy, g c xp bn ngoi v a vo l sy.G trn xe c xp theo ng theo tng lp, gia cc lp c cc thanh k vi tit din khong 25x25, chiu di thanh k bng b rng ng g hoc bng b rng ng g, c ly gia cc thanh k tu thuc qui cch g sy nhng khong 200400mm. B rng mi ng g l x 1.500mm. Thanh k c t ngang l sy cn g c xp dc l. Vi cch xp g nh th dng khng kh nng s lun chuyn mt cch kh thun li qua khe h gia hai lp g do thanh k to nn. Hnh 2-5:Cch xp g trong hm syKhi xp g cn khc phc c nhng hn ch sau:- Chng loi cng nh kch thc g cha ng nht, c bit l chiu dy cc thanh g nhiu khi kh chnh lch. iu ny gy bt li trong qu trnh iu chnh ch SVTH: Bi Ngc Dng - Lp : 06N2 Trang 24 N SY G GVHD: TS.TRN VN VANG sy v thng ko di thi gian sy khng cn thit.- m ca g trc khi sy cha c kim tra v khng ng u. V vy, ngi cng nhn vn hnh rt kh chn ch sy bt u t u, c bit l vi cc hm sy t ng.- Khe h trn tit din tc nhn sy i qua khng ng u, c nhng khongtrng qu ln. y l mt trong nhng nguyn nhn dn n g sy kh khng u v tiu tn NL v ch khi sy.

Hnh 3.6 ng g .H1: Cc thanh k c xp ng H2: Cc thanh k xp khng ng.2.1.5 Chn thi gian sy:Tham kho bi bo co nghin cu khoa hc v sy g ca thy Trn Vn Vang : NGHIN C U TINH HINH SY G CAC N VI CHBIN G MIN TRUNG -TP CH KHOA HC V CNG NGH, I HC NNG - S 1(36).2010Thi gian sy v t l ph phm G keo v g Bch n nh sau:Stt Kiu hm syThi gian sy(ngy) T l ph phm(%)Chiu dy(mm) Chiu dy(mm)20 25 30 40 20 25 30 401 Hm sy gia nhit bng khi 17 20 22 25 4 5 8 82 Hm sy gia nhit hi nc 16 19 21 23 4 4 5 7Cn c vo thng s G sy:SVTH: Bi Ngc Dng - Lp : 06N2 Trang 25 N SY G GVHD: TS.TRN VN VANGChiu dy ca g = 25mm m ca g trc khi sy : 60% m ca g sau khi sy : 12%Chn thi gian sy l 10 ngy (tc l 240 gi)Giai on 1 : 1 ngy (tc l 24 gi)Giai on 2 :3,5 ngy(tc l 84 gi)Giai on 3 : 5,5 ngy (tc l 132 gi)2.2 Tnh ton qu trnh sy l thuyt:2.2.1 Trng thi khng kh bn ngoi:Thng s ngoi tri c xc nh da vo iu kin kh hu ngoi tri ti ni lp t cng trnh, cng nh m bo cho h thng hot ng tt trong sut qu trnh sn xut. Trong n mn hc ny em chn v tr lp t cng trnh l ti Qung Tr.Thng s kh hu ti Qung Tr nh sau:Nhit trung bnh thng lnh nht:ttb = 17,30CNhit thp tuyt i:tmint = 9,30C m trung bnh nm:tbnm = 81,8% m ban u ca g sy Wa = 60% . m ca g sau khi sy Wc = 12%T cc thng s trng thi khng kh ngoi tri ta c th xc nh c trng thi khng kh trc khi vo bung sy:t0 = tmintt = 0,4.ttb + 0,6.tmintTrong :ttb =17,30C: nhit trung bnh thng lnh nht.tmint = 9,30C : nhit tuyt i.t0 = tmintt = 0,4.17,3 + 0,6.9,3 = 12,50C m ca khng kh tnh ton nhit bung sy: 0 = tbnm = 81,8%T cp thng s (t0 ; 0) ta tra th I-d c cc thng s sau:I0 = 25,15 kJ/kg kkk d0 = 7,5 g/kg kkk2.2.2 Cc thng s trng thi VLS trong bung sy:Qu trnh sy trong bung sy s din ra theo ba giai on khc nhau, da vo m ca g mi qu trnh ta chn cc thng s nhit ph hp:Chs y ca g keo (G nhm III) theo chiu dy g keo phi = 25 mm, theo ti liu 1 ta chia thnh 3 cp:Bng 3.1 Cp ch sy ca g keoGiai on m u vo m u raNhit KK u voNhit KK u raGiai on 160%35% 55 27Giai on 235%20% 60 30Giai on320%12% 75 35SVTH: Bi Ngc Dng - Lp : 06N2 Trang 26 N SY G GVHD: TS.TRN VN VANG2.2.3 Khi lng g vo v ra trong mi giai on:Khi lng g vo v ra mi giai on c xc nh da vo khi lng ban u ca g v m vo v ra, ta c:Khi lng g ra khi thit b sy:G2 = .V2 = 800.20 =1600 = 1,6.104 ,[kg/m]Khi lng ca g cc giai on trc :

iii iG G++100100.11,[kg/m]T ta c kt qu nh sau:Giai on 3: 20 10012 100. 10 . 6 , 143 G = 22.103kgGiai on 2: 35 10020 100. 10 . 2232 G = 27076,92 kgGiai on 1: 60 10035 100. 92 , 270761 G = 44.103 kgLng m bc hi sau mi giai onW = Gi Gi+1[kg]Ta c kt qu nh sau:Giai on 1: W1 = 44.103 27076,92 = 16923,08 kg = 2408 , 16923 = 705,128 kg/hGiai on 2: W2 = 27076,92 - 22.103 = 5076,92 kg = 8492 , 5076 = 60,44 kg/hGiai on 3: W3 = 22.103 1,6.104 = 2.103 kg = 1322000 = 15,152 kg/h2.2.4 Cc thng s trng thi mi giai on ca TNS:2.2.4.1 Trng thi khng kh trc khi vo bung:Trng thi khng kh ban u c chn theo thng s khng kh ngoi tri, ly trng thi khc nghit nht v ta c:t0 = 12,50C d0 = 7,5.10-3 kg/kg kkk0 = 81,8%I0 = 25,15 kJ/kg kk2.2.4.2 cha m v m tng i:Da vo cc thng s v m ban u, nhit dung ring dn xut ta c th xc nh theo phng php i s, hoc da vo nhit v entanpy ta c th xc nh c:Phng php i s c xc nh theo cng thc sau: cha m: Theo trang 130 TL1d2 = d1 + 22 1 0. 842 , 1 2500) ).( (tt t d Cdx+,[kg m/kg kkk]Trong : t1 ; t2 Nhit TNS u vo v ra d1 = d0 m ban uCdx Nhit dung ring dn xut B = 750/745 mmHSVTH: Bi Ngc Dng - Lp : 06N2 Trang 27 N SY G GVHD: TS.TRN VN VANGdi cha mTheo TL1 ta c: Cdx(d0) = 1,004 +1,842.d0 = 1,004 + 1,842.0,0075 = 1,0178[kJ/kg.K] m tng i: i = ) 621 , 0 .(.i hsid pd B+ % phs p sut bo ha:Phs = exp;'+25 , 23542 , 402612t, [bar] I = 1,004.t1 +d0.(2500 + 1,842.t1), kJ/kg kkkTng giai on ta c cc gi tr nhit cng nh p sut khc nhau, t cc thng s nhit vo v ra ta chn ta xc nh c cc gi tr l cc im nt trn th I-d trong qu trnh sy v c xy dng theo bng kt qu sau:Giai onEntanpy I [kJ/kgkk] cha m KK ra d [kgm/kg kkk]p sut bo ha phs [bar] m tng i [%]Giai on 174,730,01869 0,03548 85,325Giai on 279,820,01945 0,0422 73,357Giai on 395,0860,02338 0,05585 66,345 th I-d biu din qu trnh sy:d0=d1 d20t0t2t1I [kJ/kg kk]d [kg am/kgkk]100 %0I=const2.2.4.3 Lng khng kh l thuyt:Lng khng kh kh l thuyt cn lm bay hi 1kg m trong mi giai on. c xc nh da vo cha m trong mi giai on v lng m bay hi ta c th tnh theo cng thc sau:SVTH: Bi Ngc Dng - Lp : 06N2 Trang 28 N SY G GVHD: TS.TRN VN VANGl =0 21d d , [kg kkk/kg m] L = l.W , [kg kkk/h]T ta c bng kt qu sau:2.3 Xc nh kch thc bung sy:Kch thc bung sy phi m bo c nng sut theo yu cu l 20 m3/m ng thi phi m bo lng khng kh lu thng trong phng mt cchng u v xp d vn chuyn d dng.Cc s liu v thanh g sy, ng g sy v hm sy thc nghim theo bng di:Tn cc i lng Cng thc tnh Kt qu n vKch thc thanh g:Chiu dia 1,5 mChiu rng b 100 mmChiu dy 25 mmKch thc bung sy:Chiu caoH3,5 mChiu rng R4 mChiu di L5,5 mKch thc ng g:Chiu cao ng g h 3,1 mChiu di ng g l 1,5mChiu rng ng g r 3mTh tch ng g Vng = h.l.r 13,95m3H s in y 0,4S ng g trong hm m 3

SVTH: Bi Ngc Dng - Lp : 06N2 Trang 29 Giai on Lng KK kh/KK mLng KK cn trong mi giai onGiai on 189,33962995,28Giai on 283,6845057,891Giai on 362,99954,418 N SY G GVHD: TS.TRN VN VANG HNH NHBUNG SY THC TCHNG 3SVTH: Bi Ngc Dng - Lp : 06N2 Trang 30 N SY G GVHD: TS.TRN VN VANGTNH TON NHIT QU TRNH SY3.1 Tnh ton nhit bung sy theo l thuyt:S nguyn l h thng sy v th I-d.S nguyn l: th I-d:p=f(d)dIo122'MI = constM'd0t0tMt2t1d1=dMd2 d2'3.1.1 Tn tht do vt liu mang i:SVTH: Bi Ngc Dng - Lp : 06N2 Trang 31 Kh hi lukhng khG0 t0Ght2 GhG0t2QutcalorifeBung sy N SY G GVHD: TS.TRN VN VANGTn tht do g mang i cng d dng tnh c da vo nng sut sy v nhit dung ring.Qm= Gi.Cm.(tiR tiV), [kJ/h]Trong :Gi Nng sut sytiR ; tiV Nhit trung bnh vo v ra ca TNS.Do giai on 1 nhit TNS nh bng nhit mi trng nn giai on 1 ta ly nh hn nhit trung bnh TNS t (4 5)0C, nh vy ta c:Giai on 1:t1V = t0 = 12,5 0Ct1R = 36 5227 55 +0CGiai on 2:t2V = t1R = 36 0Ct2R = 45260 30+0CGiai on 3: t3V = t2R = 45 0C t3R = 55275 35+0CCm Nhit dung ring ca vt liu m.Theo cng thc thc nghim ta c th xc nh c nhit dung ring ca vt liu m (VLA) bng cng thc:Cm = 4,19.;'++ +100116 , 0 6 , 26, [kJ/kg.K]Trong : - m tng i ca VLA. Theo tng giai on sy ta c cc gi tr ca khc nhau t ta c th tnh Cm qua cc giai on sy:Giai on 1: Cm = 4,19.;'++ +35 , 0 10035 , 0 116 , 0 6 , 26 = 1,13 kJ/kg.KGiai on 2: Cm = 4,19.;'++ +2 , 0 1002 , 0 116 , 0 6 , 26 = 1,126 kJ/kg.KGiai on 3: Cm = 4,19.;'++ +12 , 0 10012 , 0 116 , 0 6 , 26 = 1,123 kJ/kg.KTa xc nh c lng nhit do VLA mang theo tng giai on:Giai on 1:Q1 = 44.103.1,13.(36 - 12,5) = 1168420 [kJ/h]qSP1 = 032 , 1657128 , 705116842011 WQ kJ/kgmGiai on 2:Q2 = 27076,92.1,126.(45 - 36) = 274397,5 [kJ/h]qSP2 = 998 , 453944 , 605 , 27439722 WQkJ/kgm.Giai on 3:Q3 = 22.103.1,123.(55 - 45) = 247060 [kJ/h]SVTH: Bi Ngc Dng - Lp : 06N2 Trang 32 N SY G GVHD: TS.TRN VN VANGqSP3 =96 , 16305152 , 1524706033 WQkJ/kgm.Tng lng nhit do g mang i: QSP = 31 iiQ= 1168420 + 274397,5 + 247060 = 1459123,46[kJ/h]3.1.2 Tn tht ra mi trng qua kt cu bao che:3.1.2.1 Tn tht qua hai tng bn:Nhit truyn qua tng bung sy do chnh lch nhit trong bung sy v nhit mi trng, tn tht ny c chia lm 3 thnh phn:Nhit tn tht qua tng l:Q1 = 3,6.qt.Ft, [kJ/h]Trong :Din tch tng: Ft= 2.H.L=2. = 2.3,5.5,5 =35,2 m2Mt nhit trao i nhit i lu gia TNS v mt trong ca tngq1 = 1,715.(tf1 tw1)1,333

Mt dng nhit do truyn nhit qua tng bung sy:q2 = ) .(2 1 w wt t Mt nhit trao i nhit i lu gia TNS v mt trong ca tngq3 = 1,715.(tw2 tf2)1,333 Trong :Nhit khng kh ngoi bung sy: tf2 = t0 = 12,50CNhit trong bung sy tf1 c ly l nhit trung bnh ca tng giai on:Giai on 1: tf1 = 41227 55+0CGiai on 2: tf2 = 45260 30+0CGiai on 3: tf3 = 55275 35+0CS dng phng php lp vi gi s nhit mt ngoi tng bung sy cao hn nhit khng kh bn ngoi 50C khi khng kh chy ri.Giai on 1: tw1 = 32,260C ; tw2 = 21,240C Giai on 2: tw1 = 35,180C ; tw2 = 22,310CGiai on 3: tw1 = 42,570C ; tw2 = 24,950C Do ta suy ra:Giai on 1: q11 = q21 = q31 = 30,856 W/m2 Giai on 2: q11 = q21 = q31 = 36,036 W/m2 Giai on 3: q11 = q21 = q31 = 49,336 W/m2 Giai on 1: Qt1 = 3,6.qt1.Ft= 3,6.30,856. 35,2 = 8.103 [kJ/h]Giai on 2: Qt2 = 3,6.qt2.Ft= 3,6.36,036. 35,2 = 9,35.103 [kJ/h] Giai on 3: Qt3 = 3,6.qt3.Ft= 3,6.49,336. 35,2 = 12,8.103 [kJ/h]Vy tn tht qua tng l l:SVTH: Bi Ngc Dng - Lp : 06N2 Trang 33 N SY G GVHD: TS.TRN VN VANGQt = 33110 . 15 , 30 8 , 12 35 , 9 8 + + itiQ [kJ/h]3.1.2.2 Tn tht qua nn:Tn tht qua nn: Gi s bung sy ca chng ta xy cch tng nh 1m.Tra theo bng 7.1 trang 142 TL1.Giai on 1: qn1 = 35,675 W/m2Giai on 2: qn2 = 38,375 W/m2Giai on 3: qn3 = 45,125 W/m2 Vy tn tht qua nn l:Giai on 1: Qn1 = 3,6.Fn.qn1 = 3,6.22.35,675 = 3,352.103 kJ/hGiai on 2:Qn2 = 3,6.Fn.qn2 = 3,6. 22.38,375 = 3,606.103 kJ/hGiai on 3: Qn3 = 3,6.Fn.qn3 = 3,6. 22.45,125 = 3,24.103 kJ/h Hay Qn = 3,6.26,1.(35,675 + 38,375 + 45,125) = 11,2.103 [kJ/h]Tng tn tht qua kt cu bao che l:Giai on 1: qBC1 = 099 , 16 10 .128 , 705352 , 3 8311 1++WQ Qn t kJ/kgmGiai on 2: qBC2 = 363 , 214 10 .44 , 60606 , 3 35 , 9322 2++WQ Qn t kJ/kgmGiai on 3: qBC3 =64 , 1058 10 .152 , 1524 , 3 8 , 12333 3++WQ Qn t kJ/kgm QBC = Qt + Qn = (30,15 + 11,2).103 = 41,35.103 [kJ/h]3.1.3 Nhit lng tiuhao:Lng nhit cn thit cung cp lng m trong g gim xung mt lng nht nh sau mi giai on. Lng nhit tiu hao c th xc nh trn c s khi lng khng kh kh v entanpy ca khng kh sau tng giai on v c xc nh theo cng thc: Qth = Li.(Ii1 I0), [kJ/h]Giai on 1: Qth1 = 62995,28.(74,73 25,15) = 3123305,98[kJ/h]Giai on 2: Qth2 = 5057,891.(79,82 25,15) = 276514,891[kJ/h]Giai on 3: Qth3 = 954,418.(95,086 25,15) = 66748,196[kJ/h]Tng lng nhit tiu hao trong qu trnh sy l:Qth = Qth1 + Qth2 + Qth3 Qth = 3123305,98 + 276514,891 + 66748,196 = 3466569,068[kJ/h]3.1.4 Lng nhit do tc nhn sy mang i:Do khi c thi ra mi trng nhit ca TNS lun ln hn nhit khng kh trong mi trng, do n gy ra tn tht v c xc nh theo cng thc:QTNS = Li.Cpk.(t1 t0), [kJ/h]Trong :Li Lng khng kh kh cn cp trong 1 gi ng h trong tng giai on.Cpk Nhit dung ring ca khng kh. Cpk = 1,004 kJ/kg.KSVTH: Bi Ngc Dng - Lp : 06N2 Trang 34 N SY G GVHD: TS.TRN VN VANGt1 Nhit khng kh ra khi bung syt0 Nhit khng kh mi trngGiai on 1: QTNS1 = 62995,28.1,004.(27 12,5) = 917085,286[kJ/h]Giai on 2: QTNS2 = 5057,891.1,004.(30 12,5) = 88867,142[kJ/h]Giai on 3: QTNS3 = 954,418.1,004.(35 12,5) = 21560,309 [kJ/h]Tng lng nhit do TNS mang i l:QTNS = QTNS1 + QTNS2 +QTNS3 QTNS = 917085,286 + 88867,142 + 21560,309 = 1027512,736 [kJ/h]3.1.5 Tng lng nhit trong qu trnh sy:Q = QSP + QBC + Qth + QTNSQ = 1459123,46 + 41350 + 3466569,068+ 1027512,736 = 5994555,264 [kJ/h]3.1.6 Lng nhit tiu hao trong qu trnh sy:Q = Q.h, [kJ]Q* = 5994555,264.240 = 1438693263,414[kJ]3.2 TNH TON QU TRNH SY THC:Trong thc t h thng sy ta phi tnh n mt lng nhit b sung cho cc tn tht qua kt cu bao che.Do xc nh cc thng s trong sy thc t chng ta t ra gi tr .Trong : = Ca.tiV qSP qBC Ca = 4,18 kJ/kg.KtiV Nhit trung bnh trong bung sy theo tng giai on.Giai on 1: = 4,18.12,5 - 1657,032 16,099 = - 1620,881Giai on 2: = 4,18.36 - 4539,998 214,363 = - 4603,881Giai on 3: = 4,18.45 - 16305,96 1058,64 = - 17176,53.2.1 Xc nh cc thng s trong qu trnh sy thc t:Xc nh cha m:di = d0 + ( ) idxit td C1 20). ( [kgm/kgkkk]Trong :i = 2500 + 1,842.ti [kJ/kg kkm]d0 m ban u ca khng khCd0 Nhit dung ring ca khng kh ng vi m d0Cdx(d0) = Cpk + Cpa.d0 = 1,004 + 1,842.0,0075 = 1,0178 kJ/kg.Kt1, t2 Nhit khng kh vo v ra khi bung syGiai on 1:i1 = 2500 + 1,842.27 = 2549,734[kJ/kg kkm]Giai on 2:i2 = 2500 + 1,842.30 = 2555,26[kJ/kg kkm] Giai on 3:i3 = 2500 + 1,842.35 = 2564,47[kJ/kg kkm] Entanpy: Ii = 1,004.ti + di.ii Trong : Ii Entanpy giai on i[kJ/kgkk]di m giai on iVi Cpa = 1,842 kJ/kg.K SVTH: Bi Ngc Dng - Lp : 06N2 Trang 35 N SY G GVHD: TS.TRN VN VANG m tng ii = ( )i biid pdB+ 622 , 0 .. , %Giai on cha m d [kgm/kgkkk] Entanpy I [kJ/kgkk] m tng i %Giai on 1 0,0143363,65463,06Giai on2 0,0117760,18343,7Giai on 3 0,0095659,66226,933.2.2 Lng khng kh kh thc t:Lng khng kh kh cn bc hi 1kg m c xc nh theo cng thc:li = 01d di , [kgkkk/kg m]Trong :d0 - m khng kh ban udi m khng kh giai on i.Lng khng kh thc t s dng trong mi giai on:Li = li.W [kg kkk]Trong :W- Lng m bay hi trong mi giai on , %Giai onLng KK cn bay hi 1kg mLng KK kh cp trong mi giai onGiai on 1 146,343103190,848Giai on 2 234,46114170,829Giai on 3 484,8867346,9933.2.3 Lng nhit tn tht theo thc t:3.2.3.1 Lng nhit do TNS mang i:QTNS = Li.Cpk.(t2 t0), [kJ/kg]Trong :Li Lng khng kh kh cn cp theo thc t trong 1 gi trong tng giai onCpk Nhit dung ring ca khng kh , Cpk = 1,004 kJ/kg.KTa tnh c lng nhit do TNS mang ra ngoi:Giai on 1: Q1 = 103190,848.1,004.(27 - 12,5) = 1502252,371kJ/hSVTH: Bi Ngc Dng - Lp : 06N2 Trang 36 N SY G GVHD: TS.TRN VN VANGq1 = 468 , 2130128 , 705371 , 1502252[kJ/kgm]Giai on 2: Q2 = 14170,829.1,004.(30 12,5) = 248981,473 kJ/hq2 = 482 , 411944 , 60473 , 248981 [kJ/kgm]Giai on 3: Q3 = 7346,993.1,004.(35 12,5) = 165968,566 kJ/hq3 = 575 , 10953152 , 15566 , 165968 [kJ/kgm]Tng lng nhit tn tht do TNS ra mi trng l:QTNS = 31 iiQ= 1502252,371 + 248981,473 + 165968,566 = 1917202,41[kJ/h]3.2.3.3 Lng nhit tn tht qua kt cu bao che:Do ch ph thuc vo nhit khng kh bn trong v bn ngoi phng, khng ph thuc vo cc c tnh khc nn khi thay i cc gi tr th tn tht qua kt cu bao che khng i so vi thc t.Tng tn tht qua kt cu bao che l:Giai on 1:QBC1 = 8 + 3,352 = 11,352kJ/hqBC1 = 099 , 16 10 .128 , 705352 , 3 8311 1++WQ Qn t kJ/kgmGiai on 2:QBC2 = 9,35 + 3,606 = 12,956kJ/h qBC2 = 363 , 214 10 .44 , 60606 , 3 35 , 9322 2++WQ Qn t kJ/kgmGiai on 3:QBC3 = 12,8 + 3,24 = 16,04kJ/h qBC3 =64 , 1058 10 .152 , 1524 , 3 8 , 12333 3++WQ Qn t kJ/kgmQBC = Qt + Qn = (30,15 + 11,2).103 = 41,35.103 [kJ/h]2.2.3.4 Tn tht do sn phm sy mang i:Giai on 1:Q1 = 1168420 [kJ/h]qSP1 = 032 , 165711WQ kJ/kgmGiai on 2:Q2 = 274397,5 [kJ/h]qSP2 = 998 , 453922WQkJ/kgm.Giai on 3:Q3 = 247060 [kJ/h]qSP3 =96 , 1630533WQkJ/kgm.Tng lng nhit do g mang i: QSP = 31 iiQ= 1168420 + 274397,5 + 247060 = 1459123,46[kJ/h]SVTH: Bi Ngc Dng - Lp : 06N2 Trang 37 N SY G GVHD: TS.TRN VN VANG3.2.3.5 Lng nhit tiu hao thc t:Theo thc t ta c cc thng s entanpy thc t v lng khng kh cp theo tng giai on ta c nhit lng tiu th theo thc t c xc nh:q = l.(Ii1 - I0)[kJ/kgm]Qth = Li.(Ii1 I0)[kJ/h]Giai on 1:Qth1 = 146,343.(74,73 25,15) = 7255,707 [kJ/kgm] Qth1 = 103190,848.(74,73 25,15) = 5116202,263kJ/hGiai on 2:Qth2 = 234,461.(79,82 25,15) = 12817,989 [kJ/kgm] Qth2 = 14170,829.(79,82 25,15) = 774719,244kJ/hGiai on 3:Qth3 = 484,886.(95,086 25,15) = 33910,988 [kJ/kgm] Qth3 = 7346,993.(95,086 25,15) = 513819,286kJ/hTng lng nhit tiu hao trong qu trnh sy:Qth = 31 ithiQ = 5116202,263 + 774719,244 + 513819,286 = 6404740,792[kJ/h] 3.2.3.6 Tng lng nhit tn tht trong qu trnh sy thc t:q = qBC + qSP + qTNS + qth[kJ/kgm]QTT = QTNS + Qth + QSP +QBC[kJ/h] Giai on 1: q1 = 16,099 + 1657,032 + 2130,468 + 7255,707 = 11059,306[kJ/kgm] Q1 = W1.q1 = 705,128. 11059,306 = 7798226,321 kJ/hGiai on 2:q2 = 214,363 + 4539,998 + 4119,482 + 12817,989 = 21691,832 [kJ/kgm] Q2 = W2.q2 = 60,44. 21691,832 = 1311054,326kJ/hGiai on 3:q3 = 1058,64 + 16305,96 + 10953,575 + 33910,988 = 62229,163[kJ/kgm] Q3 = W3.q3 = 15,152. 62229,163 = 942896,278kJ/hHoc QTT = 31 iiQ= 7798226,321 + 1311054,326 + 942896,278 = 10052176,925[kJ/h]Lng nhit cn cung cp trong 1 m sy:Q*TT = QTT.h[kJ]Q*TT = 10052176,925.240 = 2412522462[kJ] 3.3 Hiu sut nhit ca h thng sy:Lng nhit cung cp ca HTS ch s dng mt phn bay hi m, ngoi ra lng nhit cn c cc tn tht nh qua kt cu bao che, do vt liu sy mang ra ngoi, do TNS mang i. Ta c th xc nh hiu sut theo cng thc: = 100 .TThiQQ %SVTH: Bi Ngc Dng - Lp : 06N2 Trang 38 N SY G GVHD: TS.TRN VN VANGTrong :Qhi Nhit lng c ch Qhi = Qth =6404740,792[kJ/h]QTT Tng lng nhit cn tiu tn cho qu trnh sy thc t QTT = 10052176,925[kJ/h]Vy = 71 , 63 100 .925 , 10052176792 , 6404740 % CHNG 4 :TNH CHN CC THIT B PH TRGiai on 1:Q1 = 7798226,321 kJ/hGiai on 2:Q2 = 1311054,326kJ/h Giai on 3:Q3 = 942896,278kJ/hSau khi tnh ton tn tht nhit qua cc giai on, ta thy tn tht nhit giai on 1 Q1 l ln nht. Do ta tnh thit bi ph theo Q1. 4.1 Tnh chn qut:Tnh theo giai on c lng khng kh cn thit ln nht : giai on 1S tnh ton kh ng : Tr lc ca h thng bao gm : tr lc ca calorife , tr lc ma st ca cc knh dn kh 2, 4, 46 cc tr lc cc b ti cc tit din tng ng trn hnh v .Tr lc trong cc xe g c xc nh theo cng thc 22 tddLp ; N/m2Trong - l h s tr lc ma st = 0.05W/mK.L - l chiu di bung sy dtd l ng knh tng ng ca khe thng gi gia cc tm g , l tc v khi lng ring ca kh trong bung sy .Cc tr lc cc b tnh theo cng thc :22 cp; N/m2 y cc h s tr lc cc b c xc nh theo ti liu [4 ] Ta c tng tr lc ca h thng l 340 N/m2 iu kin nhit kh tMv M .Chuyn v iu kin tiu chun k thut ta c : 53077 . 02 , 1340 p ptctc; N/m2Nh vy ta chn qut theo iu kin :Lu lng : 13401277 . 0103190,848 KLVm3/h. = 37,2 m3/sSVTH: Bi Ngc Dng - Lp : 06N2 Trang 39 N SY G GVHD: TS.TRN VN VANGTc lu thng ca khng kh : 72 , 3102 , 37 tdFVm/sp sut :p = 530 N/m2 = 53mm H2OTa chn 5 qut ly tm loi 4-70N010 c th c tuyn :Thng s qut :Vn tc gc = 65rad/s Tc ca bnh gung = 34m/sHiu sut qut q = 0,754.2 Tnh ton calorife :Tnh theo cng sut nhit cc i 4.2.1Cng sut nhit ca calorife :46385 . 055 . 393 calcalQcdQ; kWcal hiu sut nhit ca calorife ; 4.2.2 Xc nh b mt trao i nhit ca calorife :

cdcdtbcdqQt kQF .; m2qc mt dng nhit cc i l mt dng nhit ln nht trong 3 giai on tm qc ta s dng phng php lp vi cc thng s sau :ng thp c thng s : d2/d1 = 51/49,5 mm( chn theo tiu chun )dtb = 50,25mm = 1.5mm = 50W/mKSVTH: Bi Ngc Dng - Lp : 06N2 Trang 40 N SY G GVHD: TS.TRN VN VANGNhit khi trong ng : tf1 = 4000CNhit trung bnh khng kh ngoi ng : tf2 = ) (211t tM+0CtM nhit khng kh ha trnt1 nhit khng kh vo bung sy .Tng chiu di ca ng trao i nhit ca calorife tbcaldFl. ; mSVTH: Bi Ngc Dng - Lp : 06N2 Trang 41 N SY G GVHD: TS.TRN VN VANGTI LIU THAM KHO1 PGS.TSKH Trn Vn Ph :Tnh ton v thit k h thng sy ,NXB KHKT2 Hong Vn Chc :K thut sy NXB KHKT3 Hong Vn Chc: Thit k thit b h thng sy NXB KHKT4. TS TRN VN VANG: NGHIN CU TI NH HI NH S Y G CA C N VICHBIN GMI N TRUNG- TP CH KHOA HC V CNG NGH, I HC NNG - S 1(36).20105. TS TRN VN VANG: NGHIN C U TH C NGHI M S Y G - TP CH KHOA HC V CNG NGH, I HC NNG - S 2(37).20106. BO CO:Tng cng k nng v ci tin cng ngh cho cc xng x quy m nh vng nng thn Vit nam.MS4: Sy g Vit NamBy : Gerry Harris, Peter Vinden, Philip Blackwell and Pham Duc ChienSVTH: Bi Ngc Dng - Lp : 06N2 Trang 42