: I will be your God, and you will be my people. 6:7

Motto : Faith seeking understanding ? Old Testament is Gods revealed salvation history of his people(Israel). : Wenham : Pentateuch : 50 2300 : 81 , : 40 : 34 :

ANE : ancient near east Doctrine of Divine Inspiration : 1. Dictation theory ( 100%) 2. Limited Inspiration theory ( 100% 100%) 3. Plenary Verbal Inspiration theory ( 100% ) Stephen Langton ( 1200AC) History of the Old Testament : () 1. Three-age System of Archaeology BAR (Biblical archaeology review) Stone age (2000000BC 3300BC) Bronze age (3300BC 1200BC) early 3300 2000 middle 2000 1550 late 1550 - 1200 Iron age (1200BC-300BC) I 1200 930 II 930 - 539 III 539 - 332 2. Geography of the Old Testament The Fertile Crescent 1

3. Topography of the Land of Canaan 5 Major Longitudinal Zones 1. Coastal plains 2. Central Mountain Ranges 3. Jordan Rift Valley 4. Transjordanian Mountains 5. Eastern Desert

2

3

4

5

ANE(ancient near east ) : pp60-61 Egypt : pp62-63 Mesopotamia pp63 1. a. b. c. JEDP () 1. 6

A. Pre-Enlightenment Period : B. 1. : 18 2. 1. 2. 3. 1:1 Elohim 2:4 4. 5. 36 : 31 17 : 14-20 12 : 6

J : E: : 1. 2.1750 E J PD (1)J 950-850 (2)E 850-750 721-650 J E (3)D 690-630 (4)P 520-500 3. 450 4. (1)ElohimYahwehYahweh Elohim 6:3 Yahweh 7

(2) (3) (4) (5) (6).... 5. a. 1800-1200 b. 1200-1000 c. 950 d. 850 e. f. 621 g. 550 h. 400 6. P E J : (Ewald, de Wette) : (redaction criticism) ( + ) 16 11 1. 2. (Genesis) A. 1. Primeval History ( 1-11) Epic of Atrahasis Enuma Elish Creation Account Epic of Gilgamesh (Flood Account) Egyptian Cosmogony : () 2. The Patriarchal period ( 12-50)8

B. Literature of Genesis (Genealogy) () (Narrative) () C. 1. : () to give birth, to bear, to generate 2. (1) : : means (chaos) /(separate) : : means nothing 11:3 (2) Creation is by Gods Word (3) (4) (5) .( 1:21-25) 3. 4. ( to male/cut a covenant) a. : creation fall - recreation (1) (2) (3) : b. (1)land (2)descendants (3)Name (4)Blessing (5) ( 17:3-14) (1) (2) (3) 9

(4) (5) (6) (7)

:

c. De-godding God/De-centering God God owe us. ( 3:6-9) d. : famine nomadic : : () : Exodus A. Historical Background of Exodus B.C. (Amarna Tablets)15thBCE Merenetah Stele(13th BCE) : 1-18 Greta Hort God as the first Cause! () 19-40 Law and Tabernacle 1760BC

10

11

1. a. b. c. d. () : 12

36 - 39 : 40 40:34-38 (G. K. Beale)

Sacred space 4.(Divine Presence) 1:14 5. Theology of Covenant ( Suzerain Vassal) Suzerainty Treaty Covenantal faithfulness ( hesed ) : : 31:13 24:1-18

: 19 : 5-6 ( 10 24 : 10 - 23 ) (1-16) 16 () (17-27) 20:7, 26, (cf.11:44-45) 19:2, 13

20:7 20:26 21 :8 11:44 11:45 25 -40 () ( ) () -->--> justification () sanctification ()

vs

: / () mimetic/ritual () : gift theory : ()() communion theory : ( God is relational) communal meal Consecration theory (): : : 11 : 44-45 ( 10 : 10) : ()20 : 26 : : 6 : 16 : : 5 : 15 14

: : 23 : 2 : ( ) 13 : 45-46 () : 4:12 () : 11:46 47 : () 1. a. (1) ( 2 19 1418 (2)( 16 12 97 29 1951 b.( 912 (1) ( 15 1 14 16 (2) ( 17 6 c.( 1319 (1)( ( 2932 34 35 (2) 15 18 1118 3 3435 5 29 d.( 2031 (1) ( 15 17 2415

(2) 2426 1 : () ( : ()() Mary Douglas : Jacob Milgrom : 10 : 10 Discernment Separation ? 2 : 1-2 6 :15 16 : 12-13 2:14-15 12 : 1 13 : 15-16 5:8 10 --> --> : () 16

: v.s.

17

18

19

/ (Title/Preamble) ( 20 : 1) (Historical Prologue)( 20 : 2) (Stipulation) (apodictic laws) ( 20:3-17;22-26) (causistic laws) ( 21-23 ; 25-31) ( 1-25) ( 25:16) ( 26) 15 6 29 92426 1013 1630 147 114 156820

1415 3 9-13 : 31:11 31:12 31:13 : 1. , , 2. : a. (, ) b. (, ) c. ,

21

HYKSOS 34 1720 1570 1800 1500 22

AMOSISI 1567 THUTMOSEIII 1966 430 400 1879 1448 431 430 739 1710 1280 430 2l8 1570 70 1500 70 1200 370 400 430 738 430 400 250 215 738 38 77 2l5 40 430 430 430 430 2l5 215 430 MASORA 430 400

8:3b 6:4-5

23

24

25

26

27

: ( 38 ) 15:6 2:7 13:2 29: 42 29: 43 29: 44 29: 45 29: 46

: : 6 : () () () : : : :

: : : : : : : : : : :

3 7 4-6 8-10 7 11 8-11 12-15 12 1628

13 17 14 18 15 19 16 20 17 21 37-39 1-3 4 5-10

1. 1:1-12:15 2. 12:16-19:22 3. 20 4. 21:1-3 5. 20:14-22 21:4-9 6. 21:21-32 7. 21:33-35 8. 22:1 9. 22:2-24:25 10. 32:

29

- 1. 7 14-25 - 2. 7 26 -8 11 - 3. 8 12-15 - 4. 8 16-28 - 5. 9 1-7 - 6. 9 8-12 - 7. 9 13-35 - 8. 10 1-20 - 9. 10 21-29 - 10. 11 1 -12 36 30

: : ()// Deuteronomistic History ( ) Martin Noth 1. Deuteronomistic History (DH) 2. DH was composed during the exile () 3. Dh is unified and well planned whole. 4. DH is constructed via a judicious combination of source materials and redactional commentary. 5. DH is a document of judgment and condemnation of Israel. Frank Moore Cross (Qumran Scholar) 1. Pre exilic Josiahs time 2. DH as a call to conversion and hope of new era under Josiah Rudolf Smend 1. Accepts Noths exilic DH 2. Prophetic redactor (DtrP) 3. Nomistic redactor (DtrN) : () : 1. : 6-9 2. : 10 3. : 11 : : 1. List : (12 ) 2. Land Grants (13-19 20-21 ) Babylonian Kudurrun Stone : ( )31

aniconic view Annals of War (1-11 ) ? ? (13th BCE) : 1. : Minimalist a. immigration model (Noth) Peasant revolt : Israel as native Canaanite (Gottward) (K. Lawson Younger) : 10:20 , 11:23, 21: 15 :63 () ? b. : (Hyperbolic Language in Annals of War) : () 1. : Harold Hill Myth ( Rebutal) 2. : () : 1. 2. 9 :4 3. 4. : 8:19-20 : ( )32

: ()

: ( 19 : 5-6) 12 : ? 1. 2. 1:9 3. 4. 5. (divine warrior) 6. : ? 9 :: 4 -5 ? : Collateral Damage 6:1 5 : 19-20 : : : ? ? Jihad ? 6 :10 20 : 33

980 1. 1:21 2. 1:29 970 970 9:16 3. 17:6 18:1 19:1 21:25 4. 3:3 1200 1020 1043 150 180 350 1390 1043 11:27 2:16-19 3:10 4:4 10:2-3 11:27 () 32:12 36:11 & 34

11:18-25 1:19 17:6 , 18:1 , 19:1 , 21:25 1400 Hittite Empire Kizzuwatnabarzel barzillu 3:11 17:16 4:3 13:19-22 : : 35

: 1. inclusio of rologue and Epilogue A : B B A : 2.Pattern and repetition --> 3. Expansion and Omission vs K. Younger : : (herem) : 7:16 1. 2. 3. ? ? : : ? ? ( ) 1. 2. (3:6) 3. 4. ( : My father is king.) 5. 6. 7. 8. () 9. (19:29) 10. 36

Downward spiral ? : 17 21 ? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. ? () () :

: /? ? : Novella or story : : Kinsman Redeemer : Inclusiveness in Gods salvation plan / : 37

: ( ) :

narrative preaching : 1st person narrative preaching 3rd person narrative preaching

: : : narrative criticism Sternberg, Meir. The Poetics of Biblcal Narrative : Ideological Literature : : Development of Biblical Narrative : : : : : 38

: ? ( Let the ark of the covenant be what it is meant to be. ) Theology of Kingship ( Monarchy ) ( 8 ) : : 8 : 4 7 12 : 12 13 1. 2. 17 : 14 ? ? Replacement theme : ? Divine Impassibility : 39

Dispensational Theology : : Classical Dispensational Theology : Millenialism : : : : ( 1000 ) ? : : : : 1. 2. ( ) 3:1 9 : 10 : 25 baniti () Privatized morality 40

: Compare vs contrast Horned alter : (745 727 BC) 586 516 BC Captivity 17 : 22-23 Apis the Bull god 721 BC ? 11 : 34-38 ?

( 24-25) 1. 20 2. a. ` 3. 4. 586 BC 5. 23 : 26-27 6. ( 21 : 2-7) () 7. ( 17 : 24-40 ; 24 -25 ) 41

? ( Doctrine of sin) : - ( 1-8) ( 29 ) ( 27 ) / : ? Chronicler ? () ? : post-exilic period : 3 : 17-19 9 : 1-2 : : Historiography : / : : Vorlage () : 1. 2. 3. 4. : 1. ( P64) 2. p65 3. p66 4. ( P68) 5. ( P69) 6. ( P62) 7. 8. Zadokite priests ( 6 : 8) 9. 10. (558 529 BCE 36 : 22-23) : 42

a b c d e 33 f 89 7:14 17:13 7:15 17:14 / 22 : 6 -10 : ritually un clean Sin of Census taking led to plague/death of 70K people at the future temple site 26 : 16 27 : 2 24 : 4-5 29 3143

33 35 36 : 23 3 : 16-17 / 1. 2. 3. 4. / 4 : 8 6 :18 ; 7 : 12- 26 4 7 ? refrain 4 6 4:5 vs tangential or parenthetical reading : 44

Return (going astray) : 9 : 7 ; 1 : 6 7 9 : 33 35 1 : 1 36 : 22 23 7 : 27 -28 8 2 : 18 (remnant) 9 : 8 4 : 6 4 : 1-3 ;6 3 :12 confession and repentance Renewal 7 : 25 usury ? 2 : 16; 19:8 divorce separate 10:18 44

Saga novel ? Etiology ? Diaspora narrative 45

No God talk 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

122 ; 137 vs

46