Online Shooping

8/16/2019 Online Shooping

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Online Shopping

Practical file of Software Engineering

(BTCS – 606)

SUBMITTED TO! SUBMITTED B"!

Mr#$ Pra%h#haran &a'r Saneep &a'r

*+6,-

CSE 6T. SEM

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I/DE

S.no Name of experiment Page no. Teacher’s signature

$ Intro'ction to pro1ect -!+

*$ St'2 of 3ario'# e#igning tool# 4!5

-$ O%1ect oriente anal2#i# an e#ign(OO

7 OOD)

*0!**

+$ Platfor8 of pro1ect (fronten)$ *-

4$ Doc'8entation *+!*4

6$ Te#ting *6!*,

,$ Maintenance *9

9$ Intro'ction to #oftware reengineering an

CSE tool#$

*5!-+

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PRACTICAL-1

Aim ! Introduction to proect$

The title of the pro1ect i# :Online Shopping;$ Thi# pro1ect will hanle whole the acti3itie# of The

Online Shopping$ Online Shopping ha# 8o#t of the facilitie# that a there are late#t %ran# of

pro'ct# of #'ch a# top#< %ag#< #hoe# an #o on$ It pro3ie# facilitie# to #a3e o'r ti8e an o'r

price= we can orer an2thing in few #econ# an get a %etter >'alit2 with %etter Price#$ Thi#

pro1ect a# title :online #hopping :# co8e# 'ner the .TM?< D.TM?< CSS< P.P4n

M2#>l4$Thi# application can al#o %e r'n on The @irefoA an Internet Brow#er So it can %e Sai

a# e% application$

Online #hopping that offer# 8an2 fleAi%le an con3enient feat're#< allowing C'#to8er# an

Sealer# to 8aAi8ie ti8e an efficienc2$ Online Ser3ice gi3e# the all etaile infor8ation a%o'tnew pro'ct#< %ran# an fa#hion$ It will trac& on the how 8an2 Pro'ct# a3aila%le in Mar&et

an late#t pro'ct# are co8e o't in 8ar&et$ It #how# pop'lar pro'ct# a8ong the @a#hion$ It will

pro3ie pro'ct# with few co#t#$ It &eep# the recor of the #'pplier# an #eller#$ O'r #oftware i#

c'#to8ia%le for an2 we% #er3er$

@ESIBI?IT" STUD"

To o a fea#i%ilit2 #t'2< we nee to con#ier the econo8ic< technical factor# in #2#te8

e3elop8ent$ @ir#t a pro1ect ter8 i# for8e$ The tea8 e3elop# #2#te8 flowchart# that ientif2the characteri#tic# of caniate #2#te8#< e3al'ate the perfor8ance of each #2#te8< weigh #2#te8

perfor8ance an co#t ata an #elect the %e#t caniate #2#te8 for the 1o%$ The #t'2 c'l8inate#in a final report to the 8anage8ent$

$ The fea#i%ilit2 #t'2 i# con'cte to #elect the %e#t #2#te8 that 8eet# perfor8ance

re>'ire8ent#$*$ #tate8ent of con#traint#< the ientification of #pecific #2#te8 o%1ecti3e# an a

e#cription of o'tp't# efine a #2#te8# re>'ire perfor8ance$ The anal2#t i# then rea2

to e3al'ate the fea#i%ilit2 of caniate #2#te8# to pro'ce the#e o'tp't#$

-$ @o'r &e2 con#ieration# are in3ol3e in fea#i%ilit2 anal2#i# econo8ic< technical<operational an legal$

@ESIBI?IT" CO/SIDETIO/!$ ?egal @ea#i%ilit2 ! Deter8ine whether the propo#e #2#te8 conflict# with legal

re>'ire8ent#$*$ Operational @ea#i%ilit2 ! It i# a 8ea#'re of how well a propo#e #2#te8 #ol3e# the

pro%le8< an ta&e# a3antage of the opport'nitie# ientifie 'ring the #cope efinition

an how it #ati#fie# the re>'ire8ent# ientifie in the re>'ire8ent anal2#i# pha#e of

#2#te8 e3elop8ent$

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-$ Econo8ic @ea#i%ilit2 ! The p'rpo#e of econo8ic fea#i%ilit2 a##e##8ent i# to eter8ine

the po#iti3e econo8ic %enefit# to the organiation that the propo#e #2#te8 will pro3ie$

It incl'e# the >'antification an ientification of all the %enefit# eApecte$ Thi#a##e##8ent t2picall2 in3ol3e# a co#tF%enefit# anal2#i#$

+$ Technical @ea#i%ilit2 ! It i# foc'#e on gaining an 'ner#taning of the pre#ent technical

re#o'rce# of the organiation an their applica%ilit2 to the eApecte nee# of the propo#e#2#te8$ It i# an e3al'ation of the harware an the #oftware an how it 8eet# the nee of the propo#e #2#te8$

R!"#IR!$!NTS

$ .DE EGUIEME/TS

• Proce##or Intel Core i4 or e>'i3alent

• Me8or2 *HB (-*!%it) or +HB (6+!%it)

• Di#& #pace$4 HB of free i#& #pace

• Screen re#ol'tion i# 0*+A,69 piAel#

*$ SO@TE EGUIEME/TS

• DJ 1a3a #e e3elop8ent &it (DJ) ,

• e% #er3er apache *$*A

• e #cripting lang'age P.P 4$-A

• Data %a#e M2 S>l 4$4A

• En3iron8ent /et Bean# IDE ,$*A F ,$-A

• S'pporte operating S2#te8# inow# P F inow# , F ?in'A feora +

%!AT#R!S

• Unli8ite pro'ct# an other#

• Sec're SS? #hopping cart

• C'#to8ia%le

• Calc'late# #ale# taA

• eal! ti8e creit car proce##ing

• @ree real!ti8e #hopping

• Orer 8anage8ent #2#te8

• M'ltiple pa28ent 8etho#

• Co'pon an #pecial offer i#co'nt#

• or with an2 ho#ting platfor8

• or great with front page an Drea8wea3er • C'#to8er# #tati#tic#

• S'pport# 8'ltiple e8ail orer notification

• E8aile c'#to8er receipt

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PRACTICAL-&

AI$ -' Stud( of )arious designing too*s.

$ DT @?O DIHM

ata flow iagra8< al#o &nown a# :%'%%le chart; ha# the p'rpo#e of clarif2ing #2#te8

re>'ire8ent# an ientif2ing 8a1or tran#for8ation that will %eco8e progra8# in #2#te8

e#ign$ It i# a graphic repre#entation of a #2#te8 or portion of #2#te8$ D@D con#i#t of

#erie# of %'%%le 1oine %2 line#$ It con#i#t# of ata flow#< proce##e#< #o'rce#< e#tination#

an #tore all e#cri%e thro'gh the '#e of ea#il2 'ner#too #28%ol#$ n entire #2#te8

can %e e#cri%e fro8 the 3iew point of the ata it proce##e# with onl2 fo'r #28%ol#$

The D@D i# al#o powerf'l eno'gh to #how parallel acti3itie#$

T"PES O@ DT @?O DIHM

• Ph2#ical ata flow iagra8 ! Ph2#ical ata flow iagra8 i# i8ple8entation

epenent$ The2 #how the act'al e3ice# epart8ent< people etc$ in3ol3e in the

c'rrent #2#te8$

• ?ogical ata flow iagra8 !it e#cri%e the #2#te8 inepenentl2 of how it i#

act'all2 i8ple8ente< that i#< the2 #how what ta&e# place< rather than how an

acti3it2 i# acco8pli#he$

COMPO/E/TS O@ DT @?O DIHM!

a) So'rce or e#tination ! The So'rce or e#tination i# graphicall2 repre#ente a# a

rectangle$ So'rce or e#tination eAternal entitie# with which the #2#te8 co88'nicate#$ #o'rce or e#tination i# a per#on or a gro'p of per#on# that are o't#ie the control of the

#2#te8 %eing 8oele$

%) Data flow ! The flow i# repre#ente graphicall2 %2 an arrow into or o't of a proce##$ The

flow i# '#e to e#cri%e the 8o8ent of ch'n or pac&et of infor8ation fro8 one part of

the #2#te8 to another part$ The flow repre#ent# ata in 8otion$c) Proce## ! The proce## #how# a part of the #2#te8 that tran#for8# inp't into o'tp't$ The

proce## i# repre#ente graphicall2 a# a circle or %'%%le$

) Data #tore ! The ata #tore i# '#e to 8oel a collection of ata pac&et at re#t$ Thenotation of a ata #tore i# two parallel line#$ Data #tore# are t2picall2 i8ple8ente a# file#

or ata%a#e# in co8p'terie #2#te8$ Data #tore# are connecte %2 flow to proce##e#$Data #tore# ha3e two t2pe# of flow$

BSIC S"MBO?S @O DT @?O DIHM!

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In ata flow iagra8# a #ingle proce## noe on a high le3el iagra8 eApane to #how a

8ore etaile ata flow iagra8$ The fir#t le3el D@D #how# the 8ain proce##e# within

the #2#te8$ Each of the#e proce##e# can %e %ro&en into f'rther proce##e# 'ntil we reach p#e'o coe$

The 3ario'# ele8ent# '#e for rawing #tr'ct're chart '#ing #8art Draw are the following

$ Circle# Circle# are '#e to repre#ent the proce##$

*$ ectangle# ectangle i# '#e to repre#ent the eAternal entit2$

-$ Straight ?ine Straight line i# for8atte to arrow hea to #how the flow of controlfro8 one proce## to another an al#o repre#ent# the ata flowing fro8 one proce##

to another$

+$ Data%a#e #tore To #tore ata to 3ario'# proce##e# an to efine ata flowing fro8one proce## to another$

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@ig're CO/TET ?EKE? O ?EKE?!0 D@D

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Received amount

Product deliver

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@ig're * .IH. ?EKE? O ?EKE?! D@D @O DMI/

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Access granted / denied

User detailed

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@ig're - .IH. ?EKE? O ?EKE?! D@D @O CUSTOME

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U&date &roduct in'o(

Product sold in'o(Product )ualit#Product *n'ormation

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+ustomer

Product receive

Purchase order / amount@ig're + .IH. ?EKE? O ?EKE?! D@D @O SE??E

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+ategories

,nline sho&

Product deliver

U&date &roduct in'o(

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Product in'ormation

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Received amount

&. DT DICTIO/"

Data ictionar2 8a2 co3er the whole organiation a part of the organiation or a ata%a#e$ In it##i8ple#t for8< the ata ictionar2 i# onl2 a collection of ata ele8ent efinition#< accoring to

e#cription# %elow$ More a3ance ata ictionar2 contain# ata%a#e #che8a with reference

&e2#< #till 8ore a3ance ata ictionar2 contain# entit2!relation#hip 8oel of ata ele8ent# or o%1ect#$ The ter8 :ata ele8ent; i# the #a8e concept a# :ata o%1ect; or :o%1ect; #o8e ata%a#e

teAt#$

Data ictionar2 con#i#t# of the following!

$ Data ele8ent efinition#

Data ele8ent efinition# 8a2 %e inepenent of ta%le efinition# or a part of each ta%le

efinition$

• Data ele8ent n'8%er

Data ele8ent n'8%er i# '#e in the technical oc'8ent#$

• Data ele8ent na8e(caption)

• Co88onl2 agree< 'ni>'e ata ele8ent na8e fro8 the application o8ain$ Thi# i# the

real life na8e of thi# ata ele8ent$

• Short e#cription

De#cription of the ele8ent in the application o8ain$

• Sec'rit2 cla##ification of the ata ele8ent

Organiation! #pecific #ec'rit2 cla##ification le3el or po##i%le re#triction# on '#e$ Thi#8a2 contain technical lin to #ec'rit2 #2#te8$

elate ata ele8ent#

?i#t of clo#el2 relate ata ele8ent na8e# when the relation i# i8portant$

• @iel# na8e(#)

@iel na8e# are the na8e# '#e for thi# ele8ent in co8p'ter progra8# an ata%a#e

#che8a#$ The#e are the technical na8e#< often li8ite %2 the progra88ing lang'age# an

#2#te8#$

• Coe for8at

Data t2pe (character#< n'8eric< etc$) #ie an< if neee< #pecial repre#entation$ Co88on

progra88ing lang'age notation< inp't 8a#< etc$ can %e '#e$

• /'ll 3al'e allowe

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/'ll or non!eAi#ting ata 3al'e 8a2 %e or 8a2 not %e allowe for an ele8ent$ Ele8ent

with po##i%le n'll 3al'e# nee# #pecial con#ieration# in report# an 8a2 ca'#e pro%le8#<

if '#e a# a &e2$

• Defa'lt 3al'e

Data ele8ent 8a2 ha3e a efa'lt 3al'e$ Defa'lt 3al'e 8a2 %e a 3aria%le< li&e c'rrent atean ti8e of the a2 (DOD)$

• Ele8ent coing (allowe 3al'e#) an intra!ele8ent 3aliation etail# or reference to other

oc'8ent#EAplanation of coing (coe ta%le#< etc$) an 3aliation r'le# when 3aliating thi#

ele8ent alone in the application o8ain$

• Inter!ele8ent 3aliation etail# or reference to other oc'8ent#

Kaliation r'le# %etween thi# ele8ent an other ele8ent# in the ata ictionar2$

• Data%a#e ta%le reference#eference to ta%le# the ele8ent i# '#e an the role of the ele8ent in each ta%le$Special inication when the ata ele8ent i# the &e2 for the ta%le or a part of the &e2$

• Definition# an reference# neee to 'ner#tan the 8eaning of the ele8ent #hort

application o8ain efinition# an reference# to other oc'8ent# neee to 'ner#tan

the 8eaning an '#e of the ata ele8ent$

• So'rce of the ata in the ele8ent

Short e#cription in application o8ain ter8#< where the ata i# co8ing$ 'le# '#e in

calc'lation# pro'cing the ele8ent 3al'e# are '#'all2 written here$

• Kaliit2 ate# for the ata ele8ent efinition

Kaliit2 ate#< #tart an po##i%le en ate#< when the ele8ent i# or wa# '#e $There 8a2

%e #e3eral ti8e perio# the ele8ent ha# %een '#e$

• .i#tor2 reference#

Date when the ele8ent wa# efine in pre#ent for8< reference# to #'per#ee ele8ent#<

etc$

• EAternal reference#

eference# %oo< other oc'8ent#< law#< etc$

• Ker#ion of ata ele8ent oc'8ent

Ker#ion n'8%er or other inicator$ Thi# 8a2 incl'e for8al 3er#ion control or

config'ration 8anage8ent reference#< %'t #'ch reference# 8a2 %e hien< epening on

the #2#te8 '#e$

• Date of the ata ele8ent oc'8ent

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riting ate of thi# 3er#ion for the ata ele8ent oc'8ent$

• G'alit2 control reference#

Organiation!#pecific >'alit2 control enor#e8ent#< ate#< etc$

• Data ele8ent note$

-$ E/TIT" E?TIO/S.IP DIHM

n entit2 relation#hip iagra8 i# a ata 8oeling techni>'e that create# a graphical

repre#entation of the entitie# an the relation#hip# %etween entitie# within in infor8ation #2#te8$

n entit2 relation#hip iagra8 i# a graphical repre#entation of an organiation# ata #toragere>'ire8ent# entit2 iagra8# are a%#traction# of the real worl which #i8plif2$ The pro%le8 to

%e #ol3e while retaining it# e##ential feat're# entit2 relation#hip iagra8# are '#e to ientif2

the ata that 8'#t %e capt're< #tore an retrie3e in orer to #'pport the %'#ine## acti3itie# perfor8e %2 an organiation an ientif2 the ata re>'ire to eri3e an report on the

perfor8ance 8ea#'re# that an organiation #ho'l %e 8onitoring $Entit2 relation#hip iagra8#

ha3e three ifferent co8ponent#$

E/TITES

TTIBUTES

E?TIO/S.IPS

E?TIO/S.IPS

@re>'entl2< a 8eaningf'l relation#hip eAi#t# %etween two ifferent t2pe# of entit2$

@or eAa8ple EMP?O"EE# wor& in a DEPTME/T

?"ES a3i#e C?IE/T#

EGUIPME/T i# allocate to POECT#

TUCJ i# t2pe of KE.IC?E

There are potentiall2 three t2pe# of relation#hip# which can eAi#t %etween two ifferent entitie#

• One!to!One elation#hip#

• One!to!Man2 elation#hip#

• Man2!to!Man2 elation#hip#

One!to!one relation#hip#

Thi# t2pe of relation#hip# ta&e# place when a #ingle occ'rrence of an entit2 i# relate to

1'#t one occ'rrence of a #econ entit2$

@or eAa8ple< a OO@ co3er# one BUI?DI/H= a BUI?DI/H i# co3ere %2 one OO@$

One!to!Man2 elation#hip#

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Thi# t2pe of relation#hip ta&e# place when a #ingle occ'rrence of an entit2 i# relate to

8an2 occ'rrence# of a #econ entit2$

@or eAa8ple< an EMP?O"EE wor in one DEPTME/T= a DETME/T ha# 8an2

EMP?O"EES$

One!to!Man2 relation#hip i# #hown on the iagra8 %2 a line connecting the twoentitie# with a cro## feet #28%ol enoting the :8an2 :en of the relation#hip$

Man2!to!Man2 elation#hip#

Thi# t2pe of relation#hip ta&e# place when 8an2 occ'rrence# of an entit2 are relate to

8an2 occ'rrence# of a #econ entit2$

@or eAa8ple< EGUIPME/T i# allocate too 8an2 pro1ect#$ POECT i# allocate 8an2 ite8#

of EGUIPME/T$

Man2!to!Man2 relation#hip i# #hown in the iagra8 %2 a line connecting the two

entitie# with a cro## feet at each en of the line$

The #tep# in3ol3e in creating an ED are

• Ientif2 the entitie#$

• Deter8ine all #ignificant interaction#$

• nal2e the nat're of the interaction#$

• Draw the ED$

E! DIHM

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+. STUCTUE C.T

#tr'ct're chart repre#ent# the #oftware architect're< i$e$ the 3ario'# 8o'le# 8a&ing 'p the

#2#te8< the epenenc2 (which 8o'le call# which other 8o'le#)< an the para8eter# that are

pa##e a8ong the ifferent 8o'le#$ .ence< the #tr'ct're chart repre#entation can %e ea#il2

i8ple8ente '#ing #o8e progra88ing lang'age$ Since the 8ain foc'# in a #tr'ct're chartrepre#entation i# on the 8o'le #tr'ct're of the #oftware an the interaction# a8ong ifferent

8o'le#< the proce'ral a#pect# (e$g$ how a partic'lar f'nctionalit2 i# achie3e) are not

repre#ente$

The %a#ic %'iling %loc which are '#e to e#ign #tr'ct're chart# are the following

L ectang'lar %oAe# epre#ent# a 8o'le$

L Mo'le in3ocation arrow# Control i# pa##e fro8 one 8o'le to another 8o'le in the

irection of the connecting arrow$

L Data flow arrow# rrow# are annotate with ata na8e= na8e ata pa##e# fro8 one

8o'le to another 8o'le in the irection of the arrow$

L ?i%rar2 8o'le# epre#ente %2 a rectangle with o'%le ege#$

L Selection epre#ente %2 a ia8on #28%ol$

L epetition epre#ente %2 a loop aro'n the control flow arrow$

STUCTUE C.T

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ens

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4$ @?O C.T

flow chart i# efine a# a pictorial repre#entation e#cri%ing a proce## %eing #t'ie or

e3en '#e to plan #tage# of a pro1ect$ @low chart# ten to pro3ie people with a co88onlang'age or reference point when ealing with a pro1ect$ The flowchart i# a 8ean# of

3i#'all2 pre#enting the flow of ata thro'gh a infor8ation proce##ing #2#te8#< the operation# perfor8e within the #2#te8# an the #e>'ence in which the2 are perfor8e$

hen ealing with a proce## flowchart< to #eparate #tage# of the proce## #ho'l %e

con#iere the fini#he pro'ct an the 8a&ing of the pro'ct$ In orer to anal2e the

fini#he pro'ct or how to operate the proce##< flow chart# ten to '#e #i8ple an ea#il2recognia%le #28%ol#$

T2pe# of flow chart#

There are fo'r %a#ic t2pe# of flow chart# Ba#ic< Proce##< Deplo28ent< an Opport'nit2$

• Ba#ic flowchart# >'ic&l2 ientif2 all the 8a1or #tep# in a proce##$ The2 are '#e to orient

a tea8 with the 8a1or #tep# %2 1'#t gi3ing a %oar o3er3iew of the proce##$

• Proce## flowchart# eAa8ine the proce## in great etail$ The2 pro3ie a co8prehen#i3e

li#ting of the entire 8a1or an #'%!#tep# in a proce##$

• Deplo28ent flowchart# are #i8ilar to proce## flowchart# in that the2 are 3er2 etaile %'t

al#o inicate the people who are in3ol3e in the proce##$ Thi# co'l %e 3er2 '#ef'l when

the proce## in3ol3e# co!operation %etween f'nctional area#$

• Opport'nit2 flowchart# highlight eci#ion #tep# an chec&point$ The2 are '#e for 3er2

co8plicate proce##e# %eca'#e the2 highlight #pecific opport'nitie# for i8pro3e8ent$

@lowchart# are '#'all2 rawn '#ing #o8e #tanar #28%ol#= howe3er< #o8e

#pecial #28%ol# can al#o %e e3elope when re>'ire$ So8e #tanar #28%ol#< which arefre>'entl2< re>'ire for flowcharting 8an2 co8p'ter progra8# are #hown!

i$ Start< Stop

ii$ Deci#ion

iii$ Proce##

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i3$ lternate proce##

3$ @low

3i$ Connector

3ii$ Data%a#e

6$ CSE TOO?S

CSE ! CSE #tan# for Co8p'ter ie Software Engineering$ CSE i# a tool which

ai# a #oftware engineer to 8aintain an e3elop #oftware$ The worhop of #oftware

engineering i# calle an integrate pro1ect #'pport en3iron8ent (IPSE)$ CSE tool# ato the #oftware engineering with the a%ilit2 to a'to8ate 8an'al acti3itie# an i8pro3eengineering in#ight$

/EED O@ CSE

• Increa#e in the #ie of the #oftware increa#e in co8pleAit2 of #oftware pac&age#$

• The increa#e in co#t of the #oftware co8pare to harware$

• D'plication of effort# %eca'#e 8o#t #oftware# pac&age# are %'ilt 8an'all2$

• Maintenance i# co#tl2< entailing an eApenit're a8o'nting to at lea#t 40 of %'get$

CSE en3iron8ent con#i#t# of a n'8%er of CSE tool# operating together on the #a8eharware an #oftware$ There are 8an2 ifferent cla##e# of CSE en3iron8ent which epen#

'pon the t2pe of CSE tool# '#e in the en3iron8ent$

HE/ETIO/ O@ CSE TOO?S

There are two generation# of CSE tool#

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• The fir#t generation CSE tool# are %roal2 cla##ifie into three gro'p#$

• Infor8ation generation or +H?$

• @ront!en e#ignF anal2#i# tool#$

• pplication tool#$

• pplication generator$

The #econ generation CSE tool# are i3ie into two categorie#

• ?ife C2cle 'to8ation$

• Sol'tion #oftware$

POS /D CO/S O@ EC. TOO?

hich tool i# the %e#t epen# on a n'8%er of factor# the nat're an co8pleAit2 of the

pro%le8< the n'8%er of action# re#'lting fro8 the eci#ion an the ea#e of '#e$

• The pri8ar2 #trength of D@D i# it# a%ilit2 to repre#ent ataflow$ It 8a2 %e

'#e at high or low le3el# of anal2#i# an pro3ie# goo #2#te8oc'8entation$ .owe3er< the tool onl2 wee&l2 #how# Inp't an o'tp't etail#$

The '#er often fin# it conf'#ing initiall2$

• The Data Dictionar2 help# the anal2#t #i8plif2 the #tr'ct're for 8eeting the

ata re>'ire8ent# of the #2#te8$ It 8a2 %e '#e at high or low le3el# of

anal2#i# %'t it oe# not pro3ie f'nctional etail# an it i# not accepta%le to

8an2 non technical '#er#$

• The Str'ct're Chart i# %e#t '#e when the pro%le8 re>'ire# #e>'ence# of

action# with eci#ion$

• The Deci#ion Tree# are '#e to 3erif2 logic an in pro%le8# that in3ol3e# the

few co8pleA eci#ion# re#'lting in a li8ite n'8%er of action#$

• The Deci#ion# Tree# an Deci#ion Ta%le# are %e#t #'ite for ealing with

co8pleA %ranching ro'tine# #'ch a# calc'lating i#co'nt# or #ale#

co88i##ion# or in3entor2 control proce're#$

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PRACTICAL-,

AI$ ! ect oriented ana*(sis and design /A 0 2.

P're o%1ect oriente e3elop8ent re>'ire# that o%1ect oriente techni>'e# %e '#e 'ring the

anal2#i#< e#ign< an i8ple8entation of the #2#te8$ .owe3er< 8'ch of the foc'# of the o%1ect!oriente approach to #oftware e3elop8ent ha# %een on OO an OOD< 8an2 of which propo#e

a co8%ine anal2#i# an e#ign techni>'e$ OO 8oel# the pro%le8 o8ain< leaing to an

'ner#taning an #pecification of the pro%le8$ That i#< anal2#i# eal# with the pro%le8 o8ain<while e#ign eal# with the #ol'tion o8ain$ The %a#ic goal of the anal2#i# an e#ign acti3itie#

i# to pro'ce the o%1ect e#ign for the #2#te8< fre>'entl2 repre#ente %2 o%1ect iagra8#$ The

'lti8ate goal of o%1ect!oriente e#ign< li&e f'nction oriente e#ign< i# to e#ign 8o'lar #2#te8# #o that each 8o'le i# ea#2 to co8prehen an change #eparate$ .owe3er< 'nli&e the

f'nction!oriente e#ign< i# to e#ign 8o'larit2< in o%1ect!oriente e#ign< ata a%#traction i#

'#e$

nal2#i# an e#ign can %e 3iewe a# an iterati3e proce##< IM with a con#i#tent notation

thro'gho't$ It can procee a# a #'cce##i3e refine8ent an eAten#ion of re>'ire8ent# 8oel#<efine in ter8# of '#e!ca#e#< 2na8ic 8oel# efine in ter8# of o%1ect!interaction iagra8#an #tate iagra8#< f'nctional 8oel# efine in ter8# of ata flow iagra8#< an an o%1ect!

8oel e#cri%e in ter8# of o%1ect#< attri%'te#< operation an relation#hip#$ The elegance of

o%1ect!oriente 8etho# lie# in the coherence %etween the 8oel#< an the co8prehen#i3e#'fficienc2 of o%1ect# to lin& an i8ple8ent the 3ario'# 3iew# of the #2#te8 f'nctionall2 an

%eha3ior$

SOME BSIC CO/CEPTS

Cla##e# an O%1ect#' the2 are %a#ic %'iling %loc of %an OOD< 1'#t li&e f'nction# (an

proce're#) are for a f'nction!oriente e#ign$ D'ring e#ign< we are not 1'#t ealing witha%#traction# of real!worl o%1ect$

• O%1ect# are a nat'ral wa2 of repre#enting thing#$

• O%1ect# are e#cri%e %2 their attri%'te# an their operation#$

• O%1ect# can %e organie in inheritance hierarchie#$

E?TIO/S.IPS

O%1ect# can %e relate in other wa2# than %2 inheritance an aggregation$ n2 relation#hip

%etween real worl o%1ect# can %e 8oele cat# eat canarie# og# %ite po#t8en< the wooc'tter 8'rer# the wolf< car# r'n o3er little ol laie#< e8plo2ee# wor& for organiation#< patient# 3i#it

ho#pital#< patient# #ta2 in ho#pital#$

One to one relation#hip#

In a one!to!one relation#hip< an o%1ect i# a##ociate with eAactl2 one of it# relate o%1ect#$ Thi# i#

8oele %2 a #traight line rawn %etween the o%1ect#$

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One to 8an2 relation#hip#

So8eti8e# one o%1ect can %e relate to 8an2 o%1ect#$ Thi# i# inicate %2 ifferent 8ar at theen of the line$

pla2er pla2# for one foot%all tea8$ There are at lea#t pla2er# for a gi3en foot%all tea8$

@oot%all tea8# o not pla2 for pla2er#$

Nero or 8ore #'itor# co'rt the prince##$ The %lac& ot at the en of the line inicate# ero or 8ore$

Before an ae>'ate #'itor co8e# along< a# i# well &nown< a prince## will %e &i## at lea#t one frog<

an po##i%l2 8an2 8ore if #he get# a ta#te for the8$ @rog< %eing well 8annere creat're# an notwi#hing to appear in the go##ip col'8n#< ne3er let 8ore than one prince## &i## the8$

So8eti8e# o%1ect# at either en of a relation#hip 8a2 %e relate to 8an2 o%1ect# at other en$

og 8a2 %ite ero or 8ore po#t8en$ po#t8en 8a2 %itten %2 ero or 8ore og#$ l'%ricant i#

reco88ene for at lea#t one engine$ n engine ha# at lea#t one l'%ricant reco88ene for narrow i# '#e to inicate the irection$ The line can %e la%ele$

Pol28orphi#8

Pol28orphi#8 refer# to a progra88ing lang'age# a%ilit2 to proce## o%1ect# ifferentl2

epening on their ata t2pe or cla##$ More #pecificall2< it i# the a%ilit2 to reefine 8etho# for

eri3e cla##e#$ @or eAa8ple< gi3en a %a#e cla## #hape< pol28orphi#8 ena%le# the progra88er toefine ifferent area 8etho# for an2 n'8%er of eri3e cla##e#< #'ch a# circle#< rectangle# an

triangle#$ Pol28orphi#8 8ean# allowing a #ingle efinition to %e '#e with ifferent t2pe# of

ata (#pecificall2< ifferent cla##e# of o%1ect#)$ @or in#tance< a pol28orphic operator can act ineApre##ion of 3ario'# t2pe#$ Man2 progra88ing lang'age# an paraig8# i8ple8ent #o8e

for8# of pol28orphi#8#$

Inheritance

Inheritance i# a wa2 to for8 new cla##e# (in#tance# of which are calle o%1ect#) '#ing cla##e# that

ha3e alrea2 %een efine$ The new cla##< &nown a# eri3e cla##e# ta&e o3er (or inherit)attri%'te# 7 %eha3ior of the pre!eAi#ting cla##e#< which are referre to a# %a#e cla##e#$ It i#

intene to help re'#e of eAi#ting coe with or no 8oification$ Inheritance i# al#o #o8eti8e#

calle generaliation< %eca'#e the relation#hip repre#ent# a hierarch2 %etween cla##e# of o%1ect#$@or in#tance< a :fr'it; i# a generaliation of :apple;< :orange;< :8ango; an 8an2 other#$ One

can con#ier fr'it to %e an a%#traction of apple< orange etc$ con3er#el2< #ince apple# are fr'it( i$e$

an apple i#!a fr'it)< apple# 8a2 nat'rall2 inherit all the propertie# co88on to all fr'it < #'ch a# %eing a fle#h2 container for the #ee of a plant$

n a3antage of inherit i# that 8o'le with #'fficientl2 with #i8ilar interface# can #hare a lot of coe< re'cing the co8pleAit2 of the progra8$ Inheritance therefore ha# another 3iew a 'al

calle pol28orphi#8 which e#cri%e# 8an2 piece# of coe %eing controlle %2 #hare control

coe$

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DESIH/ CO/CEPTS

Infor8ation hiing a cla## #'pport infor8ation hiing %2 the ata in the cla## an onl2 pro3iing#o8e #pecifie operation# on thi# ata$ The i8ple8entation of the#e operation# i# al#o hien$

Co'pling' two o%1ect# are co'ple if at lea#t one of the8 act# on the other an at lea#t one of

the8 i# affecte %2 the other$ In other wor#< if two o%1ect# interact< the2 are co'ple$

Cohe#ion Cohe#ion i# the propert2 that #pecifie# how tightl2 %o'n the ele8ent# of a 8o'leare$ It i# e#ira%le to ha3e each highl2 cohe#i3e all the ele8ent# are together to #'pport a well

efine a%#traction$

e'#e there are %a#icall2 two wa2# in which re'#e i# #'pporte in OO$ The fir#t i# thro'gh cla##efinition –e3er2 ti8e a new o%1ect of the cla## i# efine< we re'#e all the coe an eclaration

of the cla##$ The other t2pe of re'#e< which i# partic'larl2 to o%1ect orientation< i# thro'gh

inheritance$

n eAa8ple of an o%1ect 8oel for a #i8ple co8p'ter

?et '# loo& at the eAa8ple of e#igning a co8p'ter of co'r#e one i# 'nli&el2 to %e a#&e to

e#ign a co8p'ter thi# wa2$ B't it i# an intere#ting wa2 of eAploring the 8etho #o far '#ing a

relati3el2 co8plicate# application that co8p'ter #cienti#t# are fa8iliar with$

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PRACTICAL-+

AI$ ! Introduction to Net eans and P3P.

/et %ean# - The /et Bean# IDE i# an awar!winning integrate e3elop8ent en3iron8ent

a3aila%le for inow#< Mac< ?in'A< an Solari#$ The /et Bean# pro1ect con#i#t# of an open!#o'rce IDE an an application platfor8 that ena%le e3eloper# to rapil2 create we%< enterpri#e<

e#&top< an 8o%ile application# '#ing the a3a platfor8< a# well a# P.P< a3aScript< 1aA<

Hroo32 an Hrail#< an CFC$

Scripting ?ang'age#

.TM?< M?< S?< .TM? D.TM? – CSS< a3aScript< DOM

/et Bean# IDE i# an open!#o'rce integrate e3elop8ent en3iron8ent$ /et Bean# IDE #'pport#

e3elop8ent of all a3a application t2pe# (a3a SE (incl'ing a3a @)< a3a ME< we%< EB

an 8o%ile application#) o't of the %oA$ 8ong other feat're# are nt!%a#e pro1ect

#2#te8#< Ma3en #'pport< refactoring$

Mo'larit2 ll the f'nction# of the IDE are pro3ie %2 8o'le#$ Each 8o'le pro3ie# a well

efine f'nction< #'ch a# #'pport for the a3a lang'age< eiting< or #'pport for

the CKS 3er#ioning #2#te8< an SK/$ /et Bean# contain# all the 8o'le# neee for a3a

e3elop8ent in a #ingle ownloa< allowing the '#er to #tart wor&ing i88eiatel2$ Mo'le# al#o

allow /et Bean# to %e eAtene$ /ew feat're#< #'ch a# #'pport for other progra88ing

lang'age#< can %e ae %2 in#talling aitional 8o'le#$ @or in#tance< S'n St'io< S'n a3a

St'io Enterpri#e< an S'n a3a St'io Creator fro8 S'n Micro#2#te8# are all %a#e on the /et

Bean# IDE$

P.P'- P.P (rec'r#i3e acron28 for P.P .2perteAt Preproce##or) i# a wiel2!'#e open #o'rceHeneral p'rpo#e #cripting lang'age that i# e#peciall2 #'ite for we% e3elop8ent an can %ee8%ee into .TM? #o'rce to pro'ce 2na8ic e% page#$ It i# one of the fir#t e3elope

#er3er!#ie #cripting lang'age# to %e e8%ee into an .TM? #o'rce oc'8ent rather than

calling an eAternal file to proce## ata$ The coe i# interprete %2 a e% #er3er with a P.P

proce##or 8o'le which generate# the re#'lting e% page$

pache .TTP Ser3er

The pache .TTP Ser3er co88onl2 referre to a# pache< i# we% #er3er #oftware nota%le for pla2ing a &e2 role in the initial growth of the orl ie e%$ pache i# e3elope an

8aintaine %2 an open co88'nit2 of e3eloper# 'ner the a'#pice# of the pache Software

@o'nation$ The application i# a3aila%le for a wie 3ariet2 of operating #2#te8#< incl'ing

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29/39

U/I< @reeBSD< ?in'A< Solari#< /o3ell /etare< OS < Micro#oft inow#< OSF*< TP@< an e!

Co8 Station$ elea#e 'ner the pache ?icen#e< pache i# open!#o'rce #oftware$

PRACTICAL-4

AI$ ! ocumentation

goo oc'8entation i# a #ign of a profe##ional prie$ Progra88er part into a progra8<nor8all2 in large pro1ect# oc'8entation i# one o't#ie the #o'rce coe an at #a8e ti8e a

large a8o'nt of ti8e o't of total ti8e #pent for a pro1ect goe# into creating oc'8entation$

Doc'8ent #ho'l %e con#iere a# one of f'na8ental progra8 of progra8 8anage8ent that no

progra8 i# allowe to %e '#e witho't ha3e %een pro3ie with #'fficient oc'8ent$ There are

three gro'p# of people who nee to refer to progra8= oc'8ent# an their re>'ire8ent# are all

#o8ewhat ifferent$ The#e are progra88er#< operator# an '#er#$

POHMMESIt ena%le# the progra88er# to 8aintain a progra8 o3er it# life#pan an 8a2 %e i3ie into two

categorie#

$ Internal oc'8entation

*$ EAternal oc'8entation

$ Internal Doc'8entation Thi# i# the pha#e which pro3ie# help to progra88er for f'rther

re3iew# of the #oftware an eAi#ting #2#te8$ In the coing pha#e the o'tp't oc'8ent in the coe

it#elf$ So8e a8o'nt of internal oc'8ent in the coe can %e eAtre8el2 '#ef'l in enhancing the

'ner#tana%ilit2 of progra8$ It i# one %2 '#e of co88ent#$ Co88ent# for a 8o'le are often

calle prolog'e for the 8o'le pro3iing co88ent# for 8o'le i# 8o#t '#ef'l a# 8o'le# for8#the 'nit of te#ting< co8piling< 3erification an 8oification$

Internal oc'8entation co8pri#e# of a#pect of progra8# which are incl'e in the #2ntaA of the

progra88ing lang'age$ The 8ain part# are

a$ Meaningf'l na8e# '#e to e#cri%e ata ite8# an proce're#$

%$ Co88ent# relating to the f'nction of progra8 a# a whole an of the 8o'le# co8pri#ing

the progra8#$c$ Clarit2 of #t2le an for8at i$e$ one in#tr'ction per line< %lan& line #eparating 8o'le#$

$ U#e of #28%olic na8e# in#tea of con#tant or literal# in the proce'ral coe$

*. EAternal oc'8entation' Doc'8entation in a #oftware pro1ect con#i#t# of infor8ation %othin#ie the #o'rce coe

?i#ting an o't#ie the8 '#'all2 in the for8 of #eparate oc'8entation#$

EAternal oc'8entation #ho'l ha3e

a$ C'rrent li#ting of #o'rce progra8 which can %e o%taine fro8 co8pilation proce##$

%$ The progra8 #pecification i$e$ p'rpo#e an 8oe of operation$

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c$ n eAplanation of all for8'la# or co8pleA calc'lation

OPETIO/

Per#on operating progra8 o not nee to &now preci#el2 how progra8 wor rather the2nee to &now the point# at their action an the progra8 interrelate$ It #ho'l co3er$

Q The co88an# nece##ar2 to loa the progra8 into 8e8or2 fro8 #econar2 #torage

an #tart it# operation$

Q The na8e# of all eAternal file# acce##e %2 the progra88er$

Q n2 technical etail# relating to the e>'ip8ent %eing '#e$

USES

The2 are concerne 8ore with how the2 in#ert with the progra8 an what the progra8

oe# for the8 with the technical of how the progra8 goe# a%o't ta#&$

/ew '#er 8oe 8an'al #ho'l co3er$

Q Detail# for the e#cription of f'nction perfor8e %2 the progra88er$

Q Detail# of an2 error 8e##age$

Q Detail# of an2 option a%le to %e eAerci#e %2 progra8 for '#er$

Q Detail# of an2 eAception report#$

U#er# 8an'al# #ho'l %e clearl2 pre#ente #i8pl2 eAplaine an ineAe to facilitate it#

'#e %2 it# target a'ience which will '#'all2 con#i#t# of non technical #taff$

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PRACTICAL-5

AI$ ! Testing

Software i# a critical ele8ent of #oftware >'alit2 a##'rance an repre#ent# the 'lti8atere3iew of #pecification e#ign an coe generation$ The n'8%er an nat're of error in e#ign

epen# on

• Co88'nication %etween '#er an anal2#t

• Progra88er a%ilit2 to generate coe

• Ti8e con#traint for e#ign

Te#ting i# a proce## of anal2ing a #oftware ite8 to etect the ifference# %etween eAi#ting

re>'ire conition an to e3al'ate the feat're of #oftware hac&ing$ Software engineering i# an

ele8ent of %orer topic i# often referre to a# 3erification an 3aliation (37 3)$

Q Kerification refer# to the #et of acti3itie# that en#'re# that #oftware correctl2 i8ple8ent# a

#pecific f'nction$

Q Kaliation refer# to a ifferent #et of acti3itie# that the #oftware ha# %een %'ilt i# tracea%le to

c'#to8er re>'ire8ent#$

Te#ting a progra8 con#i#t# of pro3iing the progra8 with a #et of te#t inp't# (or te#t ca#e#) an

o%#er3ing if the progra8 %eha3e# a# eApecte$ If the progra8 fail# to %eha3e a# eApecte< then

the conition# 'ner which fail're occ'r# are note for later e%'gging an correction$So8e co88onl2 '#e ter8# a##ociate with te#ting are

L %ai*ure' Thi# i# a 8anife#tation of an error (or efect or %'g)$ B't< the Mere pre#ence of

an error 8a2 not nece##aril2 lea to a fail're$

L Test case' Thi# i# the triplet RI< S< O< where I i# the ata inp't to the #2#te8< S i# the#tate of the #2#te8 at which the ata i# inp't< an O i# the eApecte o'tp't of the #2#te8$

L Test suite' Thi# i# the #et of all te#t ca#e# with which a gi3en #oftware pro'ct i# to %e

te#te$

U/IT TESTI/H !

Unit te#ting i# 'nerta&en after a 8o'le ha# %een coe an #'cce##f'll2 re3iewe$ Unit

te#ting (or 8o'le te#ting) i# the te#ting of ifferent 'nit# (or 8o'le#) of a #2#te8 in i#olation$

In orer to te#t a #ingle 8o'le< a co8plete en3iron8ent i# neee to pro3ie all that i# nece##ar2

for eAec'tion of the 8o'le$ That i#< %e#ie# the 8o'le 'ner te#t it#elf< the following #tep# are

neee in orer to %e a%le to te#t the 8o'le

L The proce're# %elonging to other 8o'le# that the 8o'le 'ner te#t call#$L /onlocal ata #tr'ct're# that the 8o'le acce##e#$

L proce're to call the f'nction# of the 8o'le 'ner te#t with appropriate para8eter#$

S"STEM TESTI/H !

S2#te8 te#t# are e#igne to 3aliate a f'll2 e3elope #2#te8 to a##'re that it 8eet# it#re>'ire8ent#$ There are #o8e &in# of #2#te8 te#ting

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• Sec'rit2

• Perfor8ance

• Porta%ilit2

• 3aila%ilit2

CCEPT/CE TESTI/H !

cceptance te#ting i# the #2#te8 te#ting perfor8e %2 the c'#to8er to eter8ine whether he #ho'l accept the eli3er2 of the #2#te8$

L A*pha Testing. lpha te#ting refer# to the #2#te8 te#ting carrie o't %2 the te#t tea8

within the e3eloping organiation$L 6eta testing. Beta te#ting i# the #2#te8 te#ting perfor8e %2 a #elect gro'p of frienl2

c'#to8er#$

In each of the a%o3e t2pe# of te#t#< 3ario'# &in# of te#t ca#e# are e#igne %2 referring to

the SS oc'8ent$ Broal2< the#e te#t# can %e cla##ifie into f'nctionalit2 an perfor8ance te#t#$

The f'nctionalit2 te#t# te#t the f'nctionalit2 of the #oftware to chec& whether it #ati#fie# thef'nctional re>'ire8ent# a# oc'8ente in the SS oc'8ent$ The perfor8ance te#t# te#t theconfor8ance of the #2#te8 with the nonf'nctional re>'ire8ent# of the #2#te8$

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34/39

PRACTICAL 8 9

AI$ ! Stud( of soft:are reengineering and CAS! too*s.

Intro'ction to #oftware inter engineering

Software engineering i# the profe##ion concerne with creating an 8aintaining #oftware

application# %2 appl2ing technologie# an practice# fro8 co8p'ter #cience< pro1ect 8anage8ent<

engineering< application o8ain#< an other fiel#$ Software engineering co3er# not onl2 thetechnical a#pect# of %'iling #oftware #2#te8#< %'t al#o 8anage8ent i##'e# #'ch a# irecting

progra88ing tea8#< #che'ling< an %'geting$

I/TODUCTIO/ TO CSE TOO?S

Co8p'ter! a##i#te #oftware engineering (CSE) tool# are a #et of progra8# an ai# that a##i#tanal2#t#< #oftware engineer#< an progra88er# 'ring all pha#e# of the #2#te8 e3elop8ent life

c2cle (the #tage# in the #2#te8 e3elop8ent life c2cle are preli8inar2< In3e#tigation< nal2#i#<

De#ign< I8ple8entation< an In#tallation)$ The i8ple8entation of a new #2#te8 re>'ire# a lot of ta# to %e organie an co8plete correctl2 an efficientl2$ CSE tool# were e3elope toa'to8ate the#e proce## an to ea#e the ta#& of coorinating the e3ent# that nee to perfor8 in the

#2#te8 e3elop8ent life c2cle$ CSE tool# can %e i3ie into two 8ain gro'p#! tho#e that eal

with the fir#t three part# of the #2#te8 e3elop8ent life c2cle (preli8inar2 in3e#tigation<anal2#i#< an e#ign)are referre to a# @ront!En CSE tool# or 'pper CSE tool#< an tho#e

that eal 8ainl2 with the I8ple8entation an In#tallation are referre to a# Bac&!En CSE

tool# or lower CSE tool#$

The 8a1or rea#on for the e3elop8ent of CSE tool# wa# to increa#e the #pee of the

e3elop8ent of #2#te8#$ B2 oing #o< co8panie# were a%le to e3elop #2#te8# witho't facing

the pro%le8 of ha3ing %'#ine## nee# change %efore the #2#te8 co'l %e fini#he %einge3elope$ G'ic&er in#tallation al#o allowe the co8panie# to co8pete 8ore effecti3el2 '#ing it#

newl2 e3elope #2#te8 that 8atche it# c'rrent %'#ine## nee#$ In a highl2 co8petiti3e 8ar&et<

#ta2ing on the leaing ege can 8a&e the ifference %etween #'cce## an fail're$ CSE tool#al#o allowe anal2#t# to allocate 8ore ti8e to the anal2#i# an e#ign #tage# of e3elop8ent an

le## ti8e coing an te#ting$ Pre3io'# 8etho# #aw onl2 -4 of the ti8e %eing #pent of anal2#i#

an e#ign an 64 of the ti8e %eing '#e to e3elop coe an te#ting$ CSE tool# alloweanal2#t# to '#e a# 8'ch a# 94 of the ti8e in the anal2#i# an e#ign #tage# of the

e3elop8ent $ Thi# re#'lte in #2#te8# that 8ore clo#el2 8irrore the re>'ire8ent fro8

the '#er# an allowe for 8ore efficient an effecti3e #2#te8# to %e e3elope$

B2 '#ing a #et of CSE tool#< infor8ation generate fro8 one tool can %e pa##e toother tool# which< in t'rn< will '#e the infor8ation to co8plete it# ta#&< an then pa##

the new infor8ation %ac& to the #2#te8 to %e '#e %2 other tool#$ Thi# allow# for i8portant infor8ation to %e pa##e 3er2 efficientl2 an effecti3el2 %etween 8an2

planning tool# with practicall2 no re#i#tance$ hen '#ing the ol 8etho#< incorrect

infor8ation co'l 3er2 ea#il2 %e pa##e %etween e#igner# or co'l #i8pl2 %e lo#t in the#h'ffle of paper#$

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DK/THES O@ CSE TOO?S

• En#'re con#i#tenc2< co8pletene## an confor8ance to #tanar#

• Enco'rage an interacti3e< wortation en3iron8ent

• Spee# 'p e3elop8ent proce##

• llow# preci#ion to %e replicate• e'ce# co#t#< e#peciall2 in 8aintenance

• Increa#e# pro'cti3it2

• Ma&e# #tr'ct're techni>'e# practical$

KIOUS CSE TOO?S

$ Smart ra:

S8art raw i# the ea#2!to!'#e progra8 that let# an2one raw great loo&ing flowchart#<

iagra8#< for8# an other %'#ine## graphic#$ It can ea#il2 e3elop

$ Data @low Diagra8#

*$ Organiational chart-$ @loor# plan#

+$ /etwor4$ @lowchart

6$ Ti8eline#

,$ Software e#ign#

S8art raw a'to8aticall2 align# #hape#< line# an teAt $It# 'ni>'e< %'ilt!li%rar2 of e#ign #t2le#

let# 2o' pic& profe##ional loo&ing color #che8e< #haow< an teAt're for 2o'r rawing# with the

clic& of a 8o'#e$ ?i%rarie# of #8art raw #28%ol S28%ol# pro3ie an 'nli8ite #election of clip

art that 2o' can '#e in 2o'r own rawing# or in an2 of the rea2!8ae S8art raw Te8plate$

S8art raw wor a# a #tan!alone progra8< an a# part of Micro#oft Office an other Progra8#

that #'pport O%1ect ?in&ing an E8%eing (O?E)$ e can in#ert a S8art raw rawing irectl2

into Micro#oft or for winow#< '#ing the in#ert o%1ect co88an$ ith the Profe##ional

3er#ion of S8art raw< we can al#o in#ert Office oc'8ent#< li&e graph#< e>'ation< an

#prea#heet# into 2o'r rawing# a# S8art raw #28%ol#$

KESIO/S O@ SMT D

Smart dra: standard

Thi# i# the #tanar eition of #8art raw$ It i# a -*!%it inow# application an re>'ire# a

Penti'8 (or %etter) PC r'nning Micro#oft inow# 54< 59< /T +$0< ME< *000< P or later$ S8art

raw Stanar co8e# with the Stanar Collection of #28%ol# an te8plate$

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Smart dra: Professiona*

The Profe##ional Eition of S8art raw ha# all the feat're# of S8art raw Stanar pl'# a

collection of o'r choice an 8ore a3ance feat're#< incl'ing

Q Spelling chec&er

Q The Micro#oft Office Co8panion

Q @reeo8 raw# capa%ilit2 for creating 2o'r own #hape#

Q Hraient @ill#

Q ?a2er#

Q @in an eplace

Q 3ance i8port an eAport

• O?E client #'pport

S8art raw profe##ional pl'#

Profe##ional pl'# ha# the #a8e feat're# a# the profe##ional Eition of S8art raw< %'t

al#o incl'e# a licen#e to the #tanar collection an ele3en #8art raw li%rar2 an

te8plate collection# < which incl'e 8ore than 40


37/39

• Hraient fill l8o#t an2where we can o color= we can appl2 a Hraient @ill$ The

S8art raw fill color 8en' #how# a choice for graient fill where we can pic& fro8 an2

of the 6+ pre!efine graient#$ e can al#o efine o'r own an #a3e the8 to the li#t$

• ?a2er# S8art raw profe##ional allow# '# to efine 8ore than one ?a2er in o'r rawing$

la2er i# a gro'p of o%1ect# that la2 in front of< or %ehin< another la2er$ ?a2er# are '#e

to 8a&e co8pleA iagra8# li&e floor plan#< where the wall# 8a2 %e in a ifferent la2er to

wiring or the f'rnit're$ The la2er feat're allow# 2o' to wor& with one la2er at a ti8e %2

hiing other la2er# or loc&ing the8$

• Hlo%al Search an eplace S8art raw Profe##ional #'pport# glo%al #earch an replace

for an entire rawing

•

3ance I8port an EAport @ilter# S8art raw profe##ional gi3e# '# to po#t#criptI8port an EAport< pl'# the 3a#t li%rarie# of technical #28%ol# in UTOCD for8at$ It

#'pport 8an2 8ore file i8port an eAport for8at than the reg'lar eition of S8artraw$ The#e incl'e

o Encap#'late Po#t#cript

o 'toCD (D@)

o CHM

o .PH?

o PD@

o o%e Ill'#trator

o CorelDraw (I8port Onl2)

o Micro Hraf Draw

o Ki#io (I8port Onl2)

O?E Client S'pport

S8art raw Profe##ional i# an O?E client$ # with Micro#oft wor an other Office

application#< we can in#ert graph#< wor art< #prea#heet# an other O?E o%1ect# into #8art raw

profe##ional# rawing#$

In #8art raw an O?E o%1ect %eha3e# li&e an2 #hape$ It can %e flippe< rotate< 8o3e an

reopene for eiting %2 the progra8 that create it$

37


38/39

O?E o%1ect# in S8art raw rawing# can al#o %e ae to S8art raw #28%ol# li%rarie#< while

retaining their O?E o%1ect propertie#$ Dragging an O?E #28%ol (li&e a graph< for eAa8ple) fro8

a li%rar2 into o'r S8art raw rawing create# an O?E o%1ect that can %e eite %2 the progra8

that create it$

S8art raw can help '# !

Q Ill'#trate a report

Q nal2e a proce##

Q Ma&e pre#entation

Q Doc'8ent proce're#

Q Co88'nicate clearl2$

DK/THES O@ SMT D

• Ea#2 :rag –an!rop; rawing! no #&ill re>'ire

• O3er 40'ire8ent#< #ati#f2 '#er< an perfor8# relia%l2

• a# Co88'nication a8ong tea8# 8e8%er# clear an ti8el2

• a# 2o'r e3elop8ent proce## repeata%le

Man2 pro1ect tea8# eAperience pro%le8# in the#e area#$ S'%#e>'entl2

• Pro1ect# fini#h late (or not at all)$

• e#'lt# o not 8atch re>'ire8ent#$

• Serio'# e#ign flaw# are 'nco3ere late in e3elop8ent$

• Defect# are fo'n after the #oftware #hip#< in#tea of 'ring e3elop8ent$

• Ma&ing pro1ect# 8ore #'cce##f'l

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elational #oftware help# organiation# o3erco8e the#e challenge# an e3elop #oftware

#'cce##f'll2 %2 offering

• Software engineering %e#t practice#$

• Integrate tool# that a'to8ate the#e %e#t Practice#$

•

Profe##ional #er3ice# that accelerate aoption an i8ple8entation of the#e %e#t practice#an tool#$

ational S'ite Tool#

ational p't# the#e %e#t practice# to wor& %2 offering tool# that$

• Unif2 tea8# an enhance co88'nication$

• Opti8ie ini3i'al pro'cti3it2$

• Si8plif2 aoption with co88on in#tallation< licen#ing an '#er #'pport plan#$

ational #'ite eitor# are c'#to8ie with #et# of tool# %e#t #'ite for each 8e8%er of 2o'r tea8$

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