Orbital verification of the perfOrbital verification of the performance of Suzaku XISormance of Suzaku XIS

K. Hayashida, K. Torii, M. Namiki, N. Anabuki, S. Katsuda, N. Tawa, T. Miyauchi, K. Hayashida, K. Torii, M. Namiki, N. Anabuki, S. Katsuda, N. Tawa, T. Miyauchi, H. Tsunemi, Osaka Univ. (Japan); H. Tsunemi, Osaka Univ. (Japan);

H. Matsumoto, T. G. Tsuru, H. Nakajima, H. Yamaguchi, K. Koyama, Kyoto Univ. H. Matsumoto, T. G. Tsuru, H. Nakajima, H. Yamaguchi, K. Koyama, Kyoto Univ. (Japan); (Japan);

T. Dotani, M. Ozaki, H. Murakami, H. Katayama, Japan Aerospace Exploration AgT. Dotani, M. Ozaki, H. Murakami, H. Katayama, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (Japan); ency (Japan);

S. Kitamoto, Rikkyo Univ. (Japan); H. Awaki, Ehime Univ. (Japan); S. Kitamoto, Rikkyo Univ. (Japan); H. Awaki, Ehime Univ. (Japan); T. Kohmura, Kogakuin Univ. (Japan); T. Kohmura, Kogakuin Univ. (Japan);

B. LaMarr, E. Miller, S. E. Kissel, M. W. Bautz, R. F. Foster, Massachusetts InstituB. LaMarr, E. Miller, S. E. Kissel, M. W. Bautz, R. F. Foster, Massachusetts Institute of Technology te of Technology

X-ray Imaging Spectrometer X-ray Imaging Spectrometer (XIS)(XIS)

X-ray CCD Cameras onboard SuX-ray CCD Cameras onboard Suzakuzaku

3 Cameras (XIS0,XIS2,XIS3) con3 Cameras (XIS0,XIS2,XIS3) contains FI-CCDtains FI-CCD 、１ 、１ CameraCamera （（ XIXIS1) has BI-CCDS1) has BI-CCD

CCD Operation Temp = -90℃CCD Operation Temp = -90℃1024x1024pixels1024x1024pixelsFOV18’x18’FOV18’x18’Energy Range 0.2-12keVEnergy Range 0.2-12keV

XRT

SensorAE/TCE

to DP

MPU

PPU

PPU

Bonnet

Base

DE

Calibration Task ShareCalibration Task ShareComponentsComponents LocationLocation X-ray SourceX-ray Source QE referenceQE reference

Chip levelChip level CSR/MITCSR/MIT Fluorescent X-rays (C,O,Fluorescent X-rays (C,O,F,Al,Si,P,Ti,Mn,Cu)F,Al,Si,P,Ti,Mn,Cu)

ACIS chips ACIS chips calibrated at calibrated at BESSYBESSY

Camera Camera without OBFwithout OBF

+FM AE+FM AE

OsakaOsaka Grating SpectrometerGrating Spectrometer

0.2-2.2keV0.2-2.2keV

Polypro-window Polypro-window Gas PC & XIS-Gas PC & XIS-EUEU

KyotoKyoto Fluorescent X-rays (Al,CFluorescent X-rays (Al,Cl,Ti,Mn,Fe,Zn,Se)l,Ti,Mn,Fe,Zn,Se)

Window-less Window-less SSDSSD

OBFOBF Synchrotron Synchrotron FacilityFacility

Synchrotron X-rays + moSynchrotron X-rays + monochrometernochrometer

(Transmission (Transmission measurement measurement with PIN diode)with PIN diode)

Camera Camera onboard the onboard the satellitesatellite

ISAS/JAXAISAS/JAXA 55Fe55Fe

Initial Operation and Current StatusInitial Operation and Current Status2005/7/10 Suzaku Launch2005/7/10 Suzaku Launch2005/7/25 XIS System Power On2005/7/25 XIS System Power On2005/8/12-8/13 2005/8/12-8/13 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

　　　　　　　　　　 XIS Door OpenXIS Door Open 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　＝　　　　　　　　　　　　＝ First LightFirst Light

2006/05/312006/05/31 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 More than 100 objectMore than 100 objects were observed. 4 CCD s were observed. 4 CCD Cameras are functioning Cameras are functioning properly.properly.

JAXA press release

E0102-72

~0.5keV incident~0.5keV incidentBI

Small tail component!

Chemisorption ProcessChemisorption Process

Burke et al., 2004, IEEE transactions on Nuclear Science, 51, p.2322

すざくすざく XISXIS 7/107/10 00 パス非可視で電磁バルブの開閉。パス非可視で電磁バルブの開閉。 7/117/11 電磁バルブの開（４パス）閉（５パス）。電磁バルブの開（４パス）閉（５パス）。 7/217/21 温度を上げてバルブ開。温度を上げてバルブ開。 7/247/24 MPU, PPUMPU, PPU 立ち上げ。立ち上げ。 7/257/25 AEAE 立ち上げ。データ取得開始（立ち上げ。データ取得開始（ frame modeframe mode ）） 7/267/26 CCDCCD 設定温度：−設定温度：− 60℃60℃ 7/277/27 CCDCCD 設定温度：−設定温度：− 90℃90℃ （ノミナル動作温度）（ノミナル動作温度） 8/118/11 CCDCCD 設定温度： −設定温度： − 80℃80℃ 。。 HPHP 設定温度： 設定温度：

−− 35℃35℃ 。。 8/128/12 XIS-3XIS-3 ドア開。ドア開。 8/138/13 XIS-2,1,0 XIS-2,1,0 ドア開。ドア開。Better Energy Resolution at Low Energies

Suzaku TeamCompiled by Fujimoto et al.

Orbital Calibration Items• Energy Scale

– Tracking evolution of Charge Transfer Inefficiency (CTI)

– Verification of Energy Scale in orbit

• Quantum Efficiency– Verification of QE measured on ground– Monitoring possible change of QE in time

• Background • Energy Resolution and Response Profile

Updating Calibration Data Base continuously.Software tools are also required to be updated.

Ex-PHA relation Ex-PHA relation （（ Calibration on Calibration on groundground ））

Si K edge (E=1839 eV)

Residual to straight line fit

Residual to broken line fit+10eV

-10eV

5555Fe Cal-Source→Fe Cal-Source→Gain monitorGain monitor

Gain Decrease ~2%/yearGain Decrease ~2%/year Energy Resolution 140eV ->170~180eVEnergy Resolution 140eV ->170~180eVCTICTI increase induced by orbital radiation damage of the CCD increase induced by orbital radiation damage of the CCD

PH [ch]

cou

nts Mn-K 5.9keV

Mn-K 6.5keV

Peak ch of Mn-K(Normalized to the ch at 1st ligt)

Energy ResolutionFWHM ＠ 5.9keV

Determination CTI parameters included in rev0.6 data

Whole Area cal src data (8/11)

Q = PHA(ACTY=0)

Corner cal src data (8/15 ～ 11/20)

T

Q’(T) = PHA(ACTY=896, T)

Q’ = Q(1-CTI)N

→ CTI = (Q- Q’) / Q / NQ : Initial chargeQ’ : Readout chargeN : Number of P transfer

CTI = PHA(Y=0) – PHA (Y=896, T)

PHA(Y=0)×896

CTI(Seg1) = CTI(Seg 2) = [CTI(Seg0) + CTI(Seg3)] / 2

CTI = CTI_CONST + CTI_NORM×(PHAS)CTI_POW

In rev0.6… CTI_POW = -0.5 CTI_CONST = 0

Energy Scale Correction (Charge Trail＆ CTI ）

ACTY

line

cent

er e

nerg

y [k

eV] XIS0 , XIS1, XIS2 , XIS3

ACTY

line

cent

er e

nerg

y [k

eV] XIS0 , XIS1, XIS2 , XIS3

broken line ： expected energy

Rev0.6 Correction as a function of time, location, assuming •CTI energy dependence Ex^-0.5•CTI is constant at ACTY=0

Cyg Loop Galactic Center Sgr C

<2% at lower energy, <1% at higher energy side.Revised correction (rev0.7 processing) is almost ready now.

1% 1%

broken line ： expected energy

QE + XRT effective area verification with Crab

By S.Okada et al., XRT team 20060213

QE (low energy partQE (low energy part ）） CalibrationCalibrationRXJ1856.5-3754RXJ1856.5-3754 　　 2005/10/24-262005/10/24-26

Rev0.3 data -10eV offset

a: Based Cal on the Ground

b: a x excess0.15mC

c: Dead Layer =Design Value

d: c x excess0.15mC

C-K edge ~0.3keV

63.5eV blackbody

>0.3keV 1/3-1/2 of expected value

Isolated NS

E0102-72 Repeated Observation→Degradation of QE

E0102-72 Repeated Observation→Degradation of QE

• E0102: SNR in SMC, bright in soft X-ray lines

• excellent calibrator for low-E gain, QE changes

model

thermal bremss + 24 Gaussian emission lines

Galactic + SMC absorption

pure C absorption from contaminant (varabs)

gain shift -5 eV ~ -15 ev

r2 ~ 1.6 (FIs) to 2.5 (BI)

2005-08-13

2005-08-31

2005-12-16

2006-01-17

OVIII NeIX NeX

MgXIOVII

2006-02-02

Low background level is confirmed→Efficient for low surface brightness

SummarySummary 4 XIS CCD cameras are functioning properly4 XIS CCD cameras are functioning properly More than 100 targets were observed already. More than 100 targets were observed already. Gain and energy resolution are monitored with built-in Gain and energy resolution are monitored with built-in

calibration source. CTI correction to compensate radiation calibration source. CTI correction to compensate radiation damage induced gain decrease (~2%/year) is introduced. damage induced gain decrease (~2%/year) is introduced. Energy scale error in rev0.6 processing is 1%-2%. Rev0.7 processing Energy scale error in rev0.6 processing is 1%-2%. Rev0.7 processing

with higher accuracy is now almost ready to use. with higher accuracy is now almost ready to use. QE at high energy is almost as expected (error ~10%) from QE at high energy is almost as expected (error ~10%) from

Crab data.Crab data. Low energy QE suffers significant degradation. Low energy QE suffers significant degradation.

Possibly C-dominant material put on Optical Blocking Filter (OBF)Possibly C-dominant material put on Optical Blocking Filter (OBF) (Details will be presented in a separate paper) (Details will be presented in a separate paper)

Activity to update calibration and their tool is under going.Activity to update calibration and their tool is under going.