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dxf;lGwn] cd"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbfsf] ;+/If0fdf ;d'bfox? Pj+ ;d'xx?sf] e"ldsfnfO{ hf]8 lbPsf] 5 . o;n] pTkfbgnfO{eGbf a9L k|lqmofx? Pj+ kl/l:Yfltx?;+u ;/f]sf/ /fv]sf] 5 . o;n] k|fo ;d'xut ?kdf dflg;x?n] k|blz{t ug]{ Pj+ hLjGt cg'ejaf6 ;+~rf/ ul/g] hLjGt ;Dkbfdf hf]8 lbPsf] 5 . o;n] To:tf ;DkbfnfO{ Wofg lbG5, h;nfO{ ;d'bfo :jo+dn] dxTjk"0f{ 7fg]sf] 5 / l;h{gzLntf Pj+ ljljwtf k|j4{gsf nflu of]ubfg lbg] k|of; ub{5g\ . To:t} o;n] ;d'bfox?, ;d'xx? / ;du|df ;dfhsf] sNof0fdf of]ubfg k'¥ofpg] ;DkbfnfO{ Wofg lbG5 .

cd"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbf ;+/If0f dxf;lGwn] cd"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;DkbfnfO{ æk|rngx?, k|ltlglwTjx?, cleJolQmx?, 1fg, l;kx? ;fy;fy} ;fwgx?, j:t'x?, snfj:t'x? / To;;+u hf]l8Psf ;f+:s[lts :ynx?, h;nfO{ tL ;d'bfox?, ;d'xx? tyf sltko cj:yfdf JolQmx?n] ltgLx?sf] ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbfsf] c+zsf] ?kdf dfGotf lbPsf x'G5g\, nfO{ a'em\g' kb{5Æ eg]/ kl/eflift u/]sf] 5 . cd"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbf, Ps k':tfaf6 csf]{ k':tfdf x:tfGtl/t x'Fb}, ;d'bfox? Pj+ ;d'xx?åf/f ltgLx?sf] jftfj/0f, k|s[lt tyf ltgsf] Oltxf;;Fusf] kf/:kl/s lqmofsf] k|To'Q/df lg/Gt/?kdf k'g?Tkfbg x'G5, tyf ltgLx?nfO{ kl/ro / lg/Gt/tfsf] Pp6f cg'e"lt k|bfg ub{5, o;/L ;f+:s[lts ljljwtf tyf dfgj l;h{gZfLntffk|ltsf] ;DdfgnfO{ k|j4{g ub{5 .

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;f+:s[lts ;DkbfnfO{ hLjGt /fVg, of] o;sf] ;d'bfo;+u ;DalGwt Pj+ lg/Gt/ lqmoflGjt u/]/ Ps kl5 csf]{ k':tfdf x:tfGt/0f eO{/x]sf] x'g'kb{5 . cd"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbfsf s'g} lglZrt tTjx? ;xof]usf] cefjdf nf]k x'g;Sg] vt/f x'G5 t/ ;+/If0fsf] dtnj ;f+:s[lts ;DkbfnfO{ l:y/ kf/]/ /fVg] cyjf ltgsf s]xL z'4 cyjf k'/ftg k|sf/nfO{ ;+/If0f ug'{ dfq xf]Og . cd"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbf ;+/If0f eg]sf] 1fg, l;k Pj+ cy{sf] x:tfGt/0f x'g' xf] . dxf;lGwn] 7f]; cleJolQmx? h:tf] g[Tox?, uLtx?, jfBjfbgsf pks/0fx? cyjf lzNk÷sflnu9Lsf] pTkfbgdfeGbf ;DkbfnO{ Ps k':tfaf6 csf]{ k':tfdf x:tfGt/0fnfO{ hf]8 lbPsf] 5 . To;sf/0f s'g} ;+/If0fsf pkfox?n] cd"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbfsf] lg/Gt/ ljsf;, JofVofsf;fy} efjL k':tfnfO{ x:tfGt/0fsf] lgldQ cfjZos ljljw d"t{ jf cd"t{ Pj+ leGgleGg cj:yfsf] ;fdYo{tf tyf dha"tLs/0f ug]{ sfo{nfO{ ;d]t ;+s]t ub{5 .

d"t{ ;Dkbf -k|fs[lts Pj+ ;f+:s[lts_ ;+/If0fsf pkfox?eGbf csf]{ k':tfdf x:tfGt/0fsf] ;'lglZrt ug'{kg]{ cd"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbf ;+/If0fsf pkfox? lglZrt?kdf leGg x'G5g\ . oBlk d"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbfsf s]xL tTjx? cd"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbf;+u hf]l8Psf x'G5g\ . To;sf/0f dxf;lGwn] cd"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbfsf] kl/efiffdf o;;+u ;Da4 pks/0fx?, j:t'x?, snfj:t'x? Pj+ ;f+:s[lts :yfgx?nfO{ ;d]t ;dfj]z u/]sf] 5 .

s] o;sf] tft\ko{ h;/L ePklg cd"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbf ;+/If0f cyjf k'ghLjGt t'Nofpg' kb{5 eGg] xf] < h;/L s'g} hLjGt z/L/ hLjgrqmsf] cg'z/0f ub{5 / cleJolQmx?sf gofF tTjx?sf] hGd lbPkl5 s]xL tTjx? nf]k x'g ;S5g\ . cd"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbfsf s]xL lglZrt k|sf/x?, To;sf] cfly{s dxTj 5Fbf5b} klg ;d'bfo :jo+dsf lgldQ c? ;fGble{s cyjf cy{k"0f{ gx'g ;S5g\ . dxf;lGwn] ;+s]t u/]h:t} ;d'bfo :jo+dn] plgx?sf] cd"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbf xf] eg]/ dfGotf lbPsf, h;n] plgx?sf] klxrfg lbG5 / lg/Gt/tf lbG5, To:tfnfO{ dfq ;+/If0f ug'{kb{5 . dxf;lGwn] ;d'bfox?n] :jLsf/]sf ljz]if k|rngx?, k|ltlglwTjx?, cleJolQmx?, 1fg, l;ksf cf}krfl/s, cem k|foM cgf}krfl/s k|lqmofx?, Pj+ olb

;fGble{s 5 eg], ;Da4 pks/0fx?, j:t'x?, snfj:t'x? Pj+ ;f+:s[lts :yfgx? hf] pgLx?sf] ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbfsf] lx:;f x'g ;Sb5g\, nfO{ klxrfg Pj+ lrgf/L xf] eg]/ cf}NofPsf] 5 .

;+/If0fsf pkfox?sf] ljsf; Pj+ sfof{Gjog ;d'bfo :jo+dsf] ;xdlt Pj+ ;+nUgtfdf ug'{kb{5 . sltko cj:yfdf ;d'bfosf] ;Dkbf ;+/If0fdf ;j{;fwf/0fsf] x:tIf]k cg'ko'Qm x'G5 . o;n] ;d'bfosf] lgldQ dxTj /fVg] ;Dkbfsf] dxTjnfO{ unt 9Ën] cYof{pg ;S5 . ;+/If0fsf pkfox?n] k/Dk/fb]lv rNb} cfPsf k|rngx?, o:tf ;Dkbfsf ljz]if kIfx?df k|j]z ;DaGwL Joj:yfsf] ;Fw} cjZo cfb/ ug'{kb{5, pbfx/0fsf nflu wfld{s cd"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbfsf k|:t'ltx? cyjf To:tf sfo{ h;nfO{ uf]Ko eg]/ dflgG5 .

ljj/0f;"rLx? M ;+/If0fsf nflu klxrfg

dxf;lGw Pp6f cg'dlt lbg] b:tfj]h xf] . o;sf clwsf+z wf/fx?df o;sf] sfof{Gjogdf ;/sf/x?nfO{ nrstfsf] cg'dlt lbFb} lgb]{zgfTds efiffsf zJbfjnL k|of]u ePsf5g\ . oBlk dxf;lGw / o;sf] sfo;~rfng lgb]{lzsfdf ljj/0f;"rLx? agfpg'kg]{ /fHox?sf] ljz]if bfloTjx? dWo] Ps xf] eg]/ pNn]v ePsf] 5 .

ljj/0f;"rLx? cd"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbf ;+/If0fsf cleGg cË x'g\ . lsgeg] logn] cd"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbfsf] af/]df hgr]tgf hufpg ;Sb5g\ Pj+ JolQm / ;fd'lxs klxrfgsf] lgldQ dxTj /fVb5g\ . ljj/0f;"rL agfpg] k|lqmof Pj+ To:tf ljj/0f;"rLdf ;j{;fwf/0fsf] kx'Frn] cd"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbfsf cleJolQmx? Pj+ k|rngx? pTklQ ePsf 7fpFsf ;d'bfox? tyf JolQmx?sf] l;h{gzLntf Pj+ cfTd;DdfgnfO{ k|f]T;fxg ub{5 . ljj/0f;"rLx?n] ;DalGwt cd"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbfsf] ;+/If0fsf nflu 7f]; of]hgf agfpg cfwf/ pknAw u/fpg ;S5g\ .

dxf;lGwsf] wf/f !! cg';f/ k|To]s kIf/fHon] p;sf] e"–efuleqsf cd"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbfsf] ;+/If0fsf] ;'lglZrt ug{ cfjZos pkfox? cjnDag ug'{ kb{5 . cd"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbfsf tTjx?sf] klxrfg Pj+ kl/eflift ug{ ;DalGwt ;d'bfox?, ;d'xx? Pj+ ;Da4 u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfx?nfO{ ;xefuL u/fpg' kb{5 . cd"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbfsf Hofb} ljz]if tTjx?sf] ltgLx?sf] cfˆg} ;Gbe{df Pj+ csf]{;+u

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dxf;lGwdf pNn]v ul/Psf ;+/If0fsf pkfox?dWo] cg';Gwfg Pj+ 8s'd]G6];g sfo{ klxnf] /0fgLltx?df kb{5g\ . ToxfF s] 5 < s;n] s] ub{5 < pgLx?n] of] lsg ug]{ < eg]/ a'em\g] s'/fnfO{ klg /fHon] dWogh/ ug]{5 . o; sfo{sf] ;dGjo ug{ /fHon] ;Da4 ;+:yfx?, cg';Gwfgstf{x?, ;d'bfosf k|ltlglwx? ;dfj]z ePsf] /fli6«o cd"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbf ;ldlt u7g ug{;S5 . o;n] ;d'bfosf ;b:ox? Pj+ cg';Gwfgstf{x?jLr ;xhstf{sf] sfo{ klg ug]{5 .

/fHox? w]/} s'/fnfO{ ;d]6]sf] Pp6} ljj/0f;"rL agfpg] cyjf Hofb} l;ldt u/]/ ;–;fgf ljj/0f;"rLx? agfpg] eg]/ 5fGg :jtGq x'g]5g\ . To;sf/0f dxf;lGw Pj+ sfo{;~rfng lgb]{lzsfx?n] /fli6«o ljj/0f;"rL eg]/ eg]sf 5}gg\, o;sf] ;f6f] Ps jf a9L ljj/0f;"rLx? eg]/ pNn]v u/]sf 5g\ . o; k|sf/ /fHonfO{ ;a} ljwf cyjf ;a} ;d'bfonfO{ Pp6} k4ltdf ;dfj]z ug{ bjfj lbPsf] 5}g . ltgLx? ljBdfg /lhi6/ Pj+ ;"rLkqnfO{ klg ;dfof]hg ug{ ;S5g\ . vf;u/L ;+3Lo /fHox?df ax'ljj/0f;"rLx?sf] k4lt x'g ;S5, hxfF ;+:s[lt ;DaGwL bfloTj s]Gb|Lo ;/sf/sf] sfo{If]qeGbf aflx/ x'G5, o:tf] cj:yfdf k|fGtx?n] cfˆg} ;"rLx? agfpg ;S5g\ .

k/Dk/fjfxs Pj+ cEof;stf{x?sf] ;+nUgtf

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cd"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbfsf] l;h{gf ug{ / o;nfO{ hLjGt /fVg] ;d'bfox? g} ePsfn] ;+/If0fdf pgLx?sf] ljz]ifflwsf/ /xG5 . ;d'bfox? h;n] cd"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;DkbfnfO{ Jojxf/df cEof; ub{5g\ .

5'6\ofpg] u/L Ps jf a9L lglZrt tTjx? j0f{g ug'{ g} klxrfg k|s[of xf] . klxrfg ug]{ / kl/eflift ug]{ k|s[ofn] ljj/0f;"rLsf] g]t[Tj ug'{kb{5 . ;+/If0f ug]{ s'/fnfO{ b[li6ut u/L ljj/0f;"rL tof/ ug'{ kb{5 . ljj/0f;"rL Pp6f ;f/f+z cEof; xf]Og a? Pp6f cf}hf/ xf] . To;sf/0f olb lglZrt ;+Vofsf cd"t{{ ;f+:s[lts ;DkbftTjx?sf] klxn]] g} klxrfg ul/;lsPsf] 5 eg] /fHon] To:tf tTjx?sf] ;+/If0f of]hgfx?sf] sfof{Gjog ug]{ sfo{x?sf] ;'?jft ug]{ lg0f{o ug{ ;Sb5 .

/fHox? ljj/0f;"rL tof/ ug{ ljleGg tl/sf cjnDag ug{ ;S5g\ . kIf/fHox? p;sf] e"–efuleqsf cd"t{ ;Dkbfx?sf] Ps jf a9L ljj/0f;"rLx? l;h{gf ug{ pQ/bfoL x'G5g\ / ltgnfO{ lg/Gt/ ?kdf cBfjlws ul//xg'kb{5 -wf/f !@_ . hals dxf;lGwsf c? wf/f eGbf wf/f !! / !@ Hofbf lgb]{zfTds 5g\ . /fHox? cfˆgf] tl/sfn] ljj/0f;"rLx? l;h{gf ug{ :jtGq x'g]5g\ . dxf;lGwn] kIf/fHonfO{ p;sf] ljj/0f;"rLx? s;/L agfpg] eg]/ lglZrt ug{ kof{Kt nrstf pknAw u/fPsf] 5 . oBlk ;+/If0f pkfox?nfO{ Jojxf/df ptfg{ cd"t{ ;DkbftTjx?nfO{ ljj/0f;"rLx?df /fd|f];Fu kl/eflift ul/Psf] x'g'kb{5 .

w]/} /fHokIfx? w]/} jif{ cuf8Lb]lv ljj/0f;"rL agfpg] sfo{x? ul//x]sf ePklg of] dxf;lGw cg'df]bg ug'{ eGbf klxn] tof/ ul/Psf ljj/0f;"rLx?sf] ck]Iff ul/b}g . ljj/0f;"rL agfpg] sfo{ slxNo} k"0f{ x'Fb}g, lsgsL ljj/0f;"rLx?sf] ljsf; Pj+ cBfjlws sfo{ lg/Gt/ rln/xg] k|s[of ePsfn] o:tf ;"rLx? cldNbf x'G5g\ . dxf;lGwsf] nflu dgf]gog ;"rL kmfOn ug{ Pj+ ;xfotf k|fKt ug{ Pp6f k"0f{ ljj/0f;"rL x'g' cfjZos kb}{g . oBlk dxf;lGwsf] sfof{Gjog ug]{ sfof{Gjog lgb]{lzsfx?n] k|ltlglwd"ns ;"rL jf cGoGt h?/L ;+/If0f cfjZos ;"rLdf ;"rLs[tsf] lgldQ dgf]gogsf] nflu k|:tfljt tTj p;sf] /fHoleq /x]sf cd"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbfsf] ljj/0f ;"rLdf ;dfj]z ePsf] s'/f /fHo kIfn] l;4 ug'{kg]{ s'/fnfO{cfjZos agfPsf] 5 .

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t;y{ o;sf] klxrfg / ;+/If0fdf c?sf] eGbf pgLx?n] clws pko'Qm :yfg /fVb5g\ . To;sf/0f ha ljj/0f;"rL agfpg] sfo{sf] dfWodaf6 cd"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbfsf] ;+/If0f / klxrfg sfo{df pgLx? ;+nUg x'g'kb{5 . dxf;lGwsf] cd"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbfsf] kl/efiffn] xfdLx?nfO{ :d/0f u/fpFb5 ls of] cjZo klg ;DAlGwt ;d'bfox?, ;d"xx? Pj+ JolQmx?n] klxrfg u/]sf] x'g'kb{5 . pgLx?sf] dfGotflagf s;}n] klg of] pgLx?sf] ;Dkbf xf] eg]/ lg0f{o ug{ ;Sb}g . To;sf/0f :jefljs xf] ls h;sf] ;Dkbfsf] klxrfg tyf kl/eflift ug'{5 tL ;d'xx? Pj+ JolQmx?sf] ;+nUgtflagf ljj/0f;"rL tof/ ug]{ sfo{ x'g ;Sb}g . slxn]sfxL ;d'bfox?nfO{ of] sfo{ ug{;Sg] clwsf/ jf ;fwg>f]t gx'g ;S5 . o:tf] cj:yfdf /fHo Pj+ ;+3 ;+:yfx?n] pgLx?sf] hLjGt ;Dkbfsf] ljj/0f;"rL agfpg d2t ug{ ;S5g\ .

8s'd]G6];gdf d"t{ cfsf/df cd"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbfx?sf] /]sl8{ª ug]{ sfo{x? klg kb{5g\, o;df jt{dfg cj:yf Pj+ ;Da4 ;+Ílnt 8s'd]G6 ;dfj]z x'G5 . 8s'd]G6];g sfo{df k|fo /]sl8{ªsf ljljw s'/fx?sf] Pj+ 9fFrfx?sf] k|of]u x'G5g\ . o;/L ;+Íng ul/Psf 8s'd]G6x? k':tsfnox?df, clen]vfnox?df, j]a;fO6x?df ;+/If0f u/L /flvG5 . hxfF ;DalGwt ;d'bfox? Pj+ ;j{;fwf/0fn] cWoog ug{ ;Sg]5g\ . t/ ;d'bfox? Pj+ ;d"xx?;+u klg 8s'd]G6];gsf k/Dk/fut k|sf/sf h:tf] uLt, k'l:tsfx? cyjf wfld{s u|Gyx?, a'gfO{;DaGwL gd"gfx?, k|ltdf Pj+ k|ltlaDax? h;n] cd"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbfsf cleJolQmx? Pj+ 1fgsf] /]sl8{ª :yflkt ub{5g\ . gofF s'/f l;Sg] ;d'bfo cfˆgf] 8s'd]G6];gsf k|of;x? Pj+ sfo{qmdx? l;h{gzLntfnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg clen]vLo 8s'd]G6sf] k|rf/k|;f/ ug]{ sfo{x? s]xL k|dfl0ft ;+/If0f /0fgLltx? a9\bf] ?kdf k|of]u eO/x]sf 5g\ .

wf/f !#-3_-II_ n] hf]8lbPsf] 5 sL /fHox?n] cd"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbfdf k|j]z pknAw u/fpFbf k/Dk/fut ?kdf rlncfPsf k|rngx?nfO{ dWogh/ ug'{ kb{5 . s]xL ;Gbe{df o;sf] tft\ko{ cd"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbfsf lglZrt k|sf/x?sf] ljj/0f lng' x'Fb}g . To:t} ;d'bfox?n] klxn] g}

ljj/0f;"rLdf ;dfj]z eO{;s]sf s]xL cd"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;DkbfnfO{ lglZrt k|ltaGw nufP/ dfq ;fj{hlgs ug'{kb{5 . ljj/0f;"rLx?df ;+j]bgzLntfsf ljifodf lj:t[t 8s'd]G6];g /]s8{ ug'{eGbf lglZrt 1fgsf] ;+/Ifs sf] xf] eg]/ lglZrt ug{ ;Sb5g\ . cd"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;DkbftTjsf] ;"rgf ljj/0f;"rLdf pknAw u/fpFbf pSt tTj;Ddsf] k|j]z ;lhnf] agfpF5 . dxf;lGwsf] cfZfo cg';f/ ;d'bfox? hf] cd"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbfsf] s'g} tTj ljj/0f;"rLdf ;dfj]z ug{ dfGb}gg\ eg] To;sf] cjZo cfb/ ug'{ kb{5 .

s]xL /fHox?n] klxn] g} cd"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbf ;+/Ifs ;d'bfox?nfO{ uxgtfk"j{s ;+nUg u/fPsf 5g\ t/ dxf;lGwsf] ;d'bfonfO{ ;xefuL u/fpg' kg]{ k|fjwfgnfO{ w]/} ljj/0f;"rL agfpg] of]hgfx?n] dWogh/ u/]sf 5}gg\ . ltgLx? k|fo ;d'bfo aflx/sf ljleGg ;+3;+:yfx? Pj+ JolQmx?n] agfPsf 5g\ . k|fo dxf;lGwn] cfjZos 7fg]sf] cd"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbfsf] hLjGttfnfO{ ;'lglZrt ug'{kg]{ p2]Zosf ;fy l;h{gf ePsf 5}gg\ .

kIf/fHox? ljj/0f;"rL lgdf{0f ug]{ k|s[ofsf] lgldQ ;d'bfox?nfO{ ;xefuL agfpg] pko'Qm ;+:yfut Joj:yfkg ug{ pQ/bfoL x'G5g\ . o:tf] Joj:yfkgdf ;DalGwt ljBdfg sfg"g, ;+:yfx? Pj+ k/Dk/fut ;+/If0f k4ltx?sf] d"NofÍgsf] lgldQ / ;fy} pQd k|rngx? Pj+ ;'wf/ ug'{kg]{ If]qx? klxrfg ug{sf nflu cGt/ ljefuLo k|zf;lgs ;+/rgfx? :yfkgf ug]{ sfo{ ;dfj]z x'g ;S5 . o:tf ;+/rgfx? cd"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbfsf] dxTjsfaf/]df hgr]tgf hufpg k|of; ug]{ Pj+ o;sf] ljj/0f;"rL agfpg] / ;+/If0fdf hg;xefuLtf k|f]T;fxg ug]{ sfo{sf] k|d'v x'g;S5g\ . o:tf k|zf;lgs ;+/rgfn] cfjZostfg';f/ ljj/0f;"rL agfOPsf cd"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbfsf] ;+/If0fsf pko'Qm pkfox? cjnDag ug'{kb{5 . kIf/fHox? sfof{Gjogstf{x?, c? k/Dk/fut cleefjsx? cg';Gwfgbftfx?, u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfx?, gful/s ;dfh, :yfgLo k|ltlglwx?, ;f+:s[lts cleofgstf{x? cflbnfO{ ;dfj]z u/L Pp6f ;Nnfxsf/ cyjf k/fdz{ lgsfosf] :yfkgf ug{ ;Sb5g\ . cd"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbfsf] ljj/0f;"rL tof/ ug]{ k4lt Pj+ ;Da4 ;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf] klxrfg tyf o; k|lqmofdf ltgLx?sf] ;+nUgtf

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ljj/0f;"rL tof/ ug]{ sfo{ :yfgLo ;d'bfox?sf ;fy;fy} ;/sf/x? Pj+ u}/;/sf/L ;+:Yffx?sf] ;+nUgtf ePsf] dflyaf6 tn Pj+ tnaf6 dfly hfg] k|s[ofsf] x'g'kb{5 . kIf/fHon] ;d'bfox?sf] ;+nUgtfsf] cfjZostfnfO{ k"/f ug{ lgDg sfo{sf] lgldQ sfo{ljlw agfpg' kb{5Ù

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ljj/0f;"rL agfpgsf] lgldQ ;d'bfox? cyjf ;d'xsf] :jtGq Pj+ k"j{ ;';"lrt ;xdltsf] k|flKtsf] ;'lglZrttfÙ

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ax';+Vos jt{dfg ljj/0f;"rL agfpg] tl/sf Pj+ clwsf+z k'/fgf ljj/0f;"rLx? ;g\ @))# sf] dxf;lGwn] h:tf] ;+/If0fnfO{ Wofg glbO l;h{gf ul/Psf 5g\ . tLdWo] s]xL cg';Gwfgstf{x?n] cfˆgf] cfjZostf k'/f ug{ agfOPsf 5g\ . o;sf] cltl/Qm s]xL k'/fgf ljj/0f;"rLx? ;d:ofd"ns 5g\ lsgsL ltgLx? cf}klgj]lzs cj:yfdf cyjf /fi6« lgdf{0fsf] cEof;sf] Ps lx:;fsf] ?kdf tof/ ePsf x'g ;S5g\ .

dxf;lGwsf] wf/f !!-v_ / !@ b'j}n] Pp6f b]zsf] cd"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbfsf] ;du|tfnfO{ ;d]6\g' kb{5 eg]/ ;+s]t ub{5, lsgsL ltgn] kIf/fHosf] e"–efuleqsf

lkmlnlkG;df ;d'bfodf cfwfl/t clen]lvs/0fn] cd"t{ ;fF:s[lts ;Dkbfsf] hLjGttfdf of]ubfg k'¥ofpFb}

;g\ @))# / @))$ sf aLrdf lkmlnlkG;sf] klZrdL ldG8fgfcf] l:yt ;'jfg]g ;d'bfon] pgLx?sf] k'Vof}{nL If]qx?df kfOg] jg:kltx? ;DaGwL pgLx?sf] df}lns 1fgsfaf/]df /rgfTds clen]lvs/0f ug]{ sfd u/] . cf]vtLhGo, s[lifhGo, cfly{s Pj+ wfld{s k|of]udf cfpg] ePsfn] pgLx?sf nflu tL jg:kltx? dxTjk"0f{ 5g\ .

hg;+Vofsf] rfk / hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf sf/0f o; If]qsf] jfg:klts ljljwtfdf x|f; cfO/x]sf] 5 . jfg:klts ljljwtfdf x|f; cfpFbf jg:kltx?sfaf/]df ePsf] 1fgdf ;d]t sld cfp5 eGg] a'9fkfsfx?sf] 7DofO 5 . o'jfk':tfx? ;dfhsf] d"nwf/df cfslif{t x'g yfn];Fu df}lns 1fg ca csf]{ kL+l9;Dd x:tfGt/0f gx'g] / cGttM x/fP/ hfg;S5 eGg] pgLx?sf] 7DofO lyof] .

of] df}lns 1fgnfO{ cfkm}+n] clen]lvs/0f ug{ / aflx/sf lj1x?n] To;df ;xhstf{sf ?kdf dfq} sfd ug]{ u/L pgLx?nfO{ l;k k|bfg ug{sf nflu ;'jfg]g g]tfx?n] ljlzi6 ;+3;+:yfx?;Fu ;xof]u vf]h] . lg/If/ t/ 1fg ePsf ;d'bfosf cu|hfx?n] hfgsf/Lx? k|bfg u/] eg] ;d'bfosf ;fIf/ o'jfx?n] clen]vLs/0f ug]{ lhDd]jf/L cfkm"n] lnP .

clen]lvs/0faf6 cfPsf] gtLhfnfO{ ;'jfg]g cg'jfb;lxt c+u|]hLdf dlN6ldl8ofsf] k|f?kdf Pj+ nf]slk|o z}lIfs ;fdfu|Lsf ?kdf Kofs]h agfOof] . ;d'bfosf] af}l4s ;DklQ clwsf/nfO{ k|Tofe"lt ug{ oL ;fdfu|Lx?nfO{ cf}krfl/s ?kdf ;/sf/L k|ltlnlk sfof{nodf btf{ ul/Psf] lyof] . ljBfno hfg] afnaflnsfx?nfO{ pgLx?sf ;+:s[ltsf af/]df cWofkg ug{ clxn] oL ;fdfu|Lx?nfO{ ;d'bfosf] z}lIfs sfo{qmddf k|of]u ul/G5Ù cfkm\gf] k'Vof}{nL efiffsfaf/]df k9\g / n]Vg l;Sg rfxg] k|f}9x?sf nflu kf7\oqmd ;fdfu|Lsf ?kdf ;d]t ltgLx?sf k|of]u ul/G5 .

;'jfg]gx?sf] cd"t{ ;fF:s[lts ;Dkbfsf] of] c+zsf] hLjgGttfdf of]ubfg k'¥ofpFb} df}lvs ?kdf x:tfGt/0f ul/Psf] jfg:klts 1fgsf] hu]gf{ ug{ / o;nfO{ jt{dfg tyf efjL k':tfx?sf nflu pknAw u/fpg …cfkm}n] u/]sf] clen]lvs/0fÚ ;kmn ePsf] 5 .

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cd"t{ ;+:s[lt;+u ;DaGw /fVb5g\ . To;sf/0f ljj/0f;"rLx? ;Dej eP;Dd Jofks Pj+ k"0f{ x'g'kb{5 . oBlk sltko cj:yfdf of] k"0f{t c;+ej sfd xf] eg]/ k|dfl0ft x'g;S5 . ljj/0f;"rLx? slxNo} klg k'/f Pj+ k"0f{ cWofjlws x'g ;Sb}gg\, lsgeg] dxf;lGwn] ;Dkbfsf] a[xb If]q ;dflji6 u/]sf] 5 / of] klg ;To xf] ls cd"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbfx? lg/Gt/ kl/jt{g Pj+ ljsl;t eO/xg] k|s[ltsf x'G5g\ .

klxrfg x'g'kg]{ Pj+ ;"rLs[t ug'{kg]{ cd"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbfsf] kl/df0fnfO{ ljrf/ u/]/ s]xL k|fyldstf lgwf{/0f ug{ ;lsG5 . o:tf] cj:yfdf ltgLx?sf] klxrfgsf] lgldQ dxTjk"0f{ cyjf To:tf hf] ltgLx?sf] cd"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbfsf k|ltlglwd"ns x'g\ eg]/ ;d'bfox? cyjf ltgsf] cEof;stf{x?n] dfGotf lbPsf tTjx?sf] ;a}eGbf klxn] ljj/0f;"rL agfpg' kb{5 . o:tf ljj/0f;"rLx?sf] e"ldsf ;+/If0fsf pkfox? x'g'kb{5 eg]/ la;{g x'Fb}g . To;sf/0f hxfF ;+ej x'G5, ljj/0f;"rL agfOPsf tTjx?sf] hLjGttf b]vfpg' kb{5 / ltgLx? hLljt /lx/xgsf nflu b]vfk/]sf r'gf}tLx?sf] klg pNn]v ug'{kb{5 . pbfx/0fsf] nflu a|flhn / sf]nlDaofsf ljj/0f;"rLx?nfO{ lng ;lsG5 . e"6fg, a'Nu]l/of /

lny'jflgofdf ljj/0f;"rLdf ;dfj]z ug{ nf]kx'g] vt/fnfO{ cfwf/sf] ?kdf k|of]u ul/Psf] 5 .

ljj/0f;"rLx?df hlt;+ej x'G5 l56f] Pp6f lglZrt k|ltlglwTjsf] >]0fLdf k'Ug /fHox?n] t'ngfTds?kdf ;+lIfKt hfgsf/L u/fP/ ljj/0f;"rL agfpg] sfo{sf] ;'? ug{ ;Sb5g\ . c?nfO{eGbf a9L Wofg lbFbf s]xL tTjx?nfO{ kmfObf x'g;S5 t/ ;+ej eP;Dd k|To]s tTjsf] Ps} k|sf/sf] cfsf/ k|:t't ug'{ k/fdzL{o x'G5 / ;fy} pknAw lj:t[t ;"rgf htftt} pNn]v ug'{eGbf ljj/0f;"rLleq} ;dfj]z ug'{ /fd|f] x'G5 .

dxf;lGwsf] wf/f !@ df pNn]v eP cg';f/ ljj/0f;"rLx? cjZo klg lg/Gt/ cBfjlws ul//xg' kb{5 . cd"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbfx? lg/Gt/ ljsf; eO/xg] / o;sf] hLjGttfdf b|'tultdf r'gf}ltx? b]vf kl//xg] ePsfn] of] dxTjk"0f{ x'G5 . w]/} /fli6«o ;"rLx?df klxn] g} /flvPsf s]xL tTjx? clxn] cl:tTjdf 5}gg\ eg] cGo k|rngx?sf] hfgsf/L ;dfj]z ePsf dxTjk"0f{ tl/sfn] kl/jt{g eO;s]sf 5g\ . kIf/fHox? lg/Gt/ cWofjlws ug]{ k|s[ofsf] hfgsf/L ;d]t ;dfj]z u/]/ ltgLx?sf] ljj/0f;"rL ;Da4 hfgsf/L cfjlws ?kdf pknAw u/fpg pQ/bfoL x'G5g\ .

cd"t{ ;fF:s[lts ;Dkbfsf] /fli6«o lj:t[t ljj/0f;"rL lgdf{0f tkm{M Olyof]lkofsf hLljt ;+uLt Pj+ g[To k/Dk/fx?sf] /]s8{ ug{ rf/–jlif{o kl/of]hgf

clk|msL tyf dWok"jL{o k|efjåf/f kflntkf]lift *) eGbf a9L efiff Pj+ k|frLg ;+:s[lt ePsf] Olyof]lkof cfZro{hgs ljljwtfsf] e"dL xf] . Olyof]lkofsf] ljlzi6 ef}uf]lns Pj+ /fhg}lts kl/j]zaf6 pTkGg k[ys cj:yf / n]gb]gsf] nfdf] Oltxf;df lgld{t of] ljljwtf pQm b]zsf] ;+:s[lt / g[Todf k|z:tdfqfdf k|ltlalDat ePsf] kfOG5 .

jf:tjdf Olyof]lkofsf] ;+uLt lv|:6Log–cyf]{8:s, h'l8cf]–Olyof]lkog / d'l:nd k/Dk/fsf;fy} clk|msL kf]lnkmf]lgs Pj+ jfBjfbgo'Qm cleJolQmx?af6 pTkGg ePsf] xf] . Olyof]lkog ;+uLtdf ufogsf] a9L k|efj /xg] ePtf klg, o;df ljljwk|sf/sf jfBjfbgsf ;fdfu|Lx?sf] klg k|of]u ul/G5, oL dWo] s]xL k'/fgf] 6]:6fd]G6sf] ;dob]lvg} k|l;4 /xFb} cfPsf] dflgG5 . oL dWo] jufgf / qmf/ jL0ff, d;]GSjf] ;f/+uL, sjf/f] v}+h8L / jflz+6 jfF;'/L ;a}eGbf Jofks dflgG5g\ .

Olyof]lkofe/ ;+uLt / g[To k/Dk/fsf] ;+sng Pj+ ljj/0f;"rL tof/ ug{ o'g]:sf]n] Pp6f rf/–jifL{o kl/of]hgf z'? u¥of] . Olyof]lkofsf cd"t{ ;fF:s[lts ;Dkbfsf ;a} kIfx?nfO{ ;d]6\g] cem} lj:t[t /fli6«o ljj/0f;"rLsf] ;+sngsf nflu klxnf] kfOnfsf ?kdf kl/of]hgfn] :yfgLo Ifdtf clej[l4 tyf hLjGt cEof; Pj+ k/Dk/fx?nfO{ 8s'd]G6 ug]{ nIo lnPsf] lyof] .

Olyof]lkog ljz]if1x?n] u/]sf] sfdsf] lg/Gt/tfnfO{ ;'lglZrt ug{sf nflu c+u|]hL / cDxfl/s efiffdf ljz]if?kn] agfOPsf] kf7\oqmdsf] k|of]u ub}{ cflb;cjfjf ljZjljBfno / ofl/8 ;+uLt ljBfnodf hftLo;+uLtzf:q -OYgf]Do'lhsf]nf]hL_sf sIffx? ;~rfngdf NofOPsf] lyof] . …cflb;cjfjfsf] ;f+uLlts kl/b[ioÚ, /fhwfgLdf kfOg] ljljw k|sf/sf Olyof]lkog k/Dk/fx?sf] ;j]{If0fsf ?kdf ;+uLt Pj+ g[Tosf] ljj/0f;"rL tof/ ug{sf nflu ;g\ @))^ df tflnd z'? ul/of] . To;kl5 ljBfyL{x? ljleGg Onfsfx?df k/Dk/f cEof;x?sf] cWoog ug{ klxn]b]lv g} of] If]qdf sfd ul//x]sf o'/f]lkog ljz]if1x?;Fu hf]l8g k'u] . sfo{qmddf ;+nUg ultljlwx?df

blIf0fL Oyf]lkofsf dfn] ;d'bfosf dfem cg';Gwfg ;~rfng ug'{ Pj+ lh+sf ahf/l:yt cf]df] ;+u|xfno / cg';GWffg s]Gb|sf sd{rf/Lx?sf nflu dlN6¬–6«ofs kf]lnkmf]lgs /]sl8{ªsf nflu pks/0fx?sf] k|of]u ug]{ ;DaGwL tflnd ;~rfng ug]{ nufot lyP . b]zdf /x]sf w]/} ;]G6/ Pj+ ;+u|fxnox?n] cfkm\gf vf; cfjZostfx? cg's"n x'g]u/L tflnd Pj+ pks/0fx? k|fKt u/]sf 5g\ .

kl/of]hgf ;DkGg x'Fbf;Dd Olyof]lkofnLx?sf] Pp6f k':tf cGo ljwfx?nfO{ ;d]t ;dfj]z u/fO{ /fli6«o cd"t{ ;fF:s[lts ;Dkbfsf] ljj/0f;"rL tof/ ug{ Pj+ :yfgLo tyf /fli6«o clwsf/Lx?;dIf cd"t{ ;fF:s[lts ;Dkbfsf] dxTjsf af/]df r]tgf clej[l4 ug{df k|lzlIft ePsf] 5 / o;/L Olyof]lkofsf] hLjGt ;Dkbfsf] bL3{sfnLg ;+/If0fdf k|ToIf?kdf of]ubfg k'¥ofO /x]sf] 5 .

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ljj/0f;"rLx? tof/ ubf{ kIf/fHox?nfO{ dxf;lGwn] lbPsf] cd"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbfsf] kl/efiffsf] cg's/0f ug{ k|f]T;fxg ug{ ;lsG5 t/ ltgLx? o;f] ug{ afWo x'Fb}gg\, vf;u/L kIf/fHosf] kl/l:ylt ;'xfpFbf] tl/sfdf ljj/0f;"rLx? agfpg ;S5g\ . h] xf];\, kIf/fHox? s'g} tTjnfO{ k|ltlglwd"ns ;"rL cyjf tTsfn ;+/If0f ;"rLdf ;"rLs[t ug{sf] nflu k|:tfj ug{ Pj+ s'g} tTjsf] ;+/If0f ug{ cfly{s ;xfotfsf] nflu cg'/f]w ubf{ dxf;lGwsf] wf/f @ df pNn]lvt cd"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbfsf] kl/efiff cg's"n 5 eg]/ plgx?n] k'li6 ug'{kb{5 .

cTolws ljj/0f;"rLx?n] cd"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbfsf] juL{s/0fsf k4lt ;dfj]z u/]sf x'G5g\ . Pp6f ;'? ug]{ :yfg dxf;lGwsf] wf/f @-@_ df ;"rLs[t ljwfx?M cd"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbfsf] ;+jfxssf] ?kdf efiff ;lxtsf df}lvs k/Dk/fx?Ù k|:t'lt snfx?, ;fdflhs k|rngx?, cg'i7fgx? tyf rf8kj{sf pT;jx?Ù k|s[lt Pj+ a|Dxf08;+u ;DalGwt 1fg tyf k|rngx?, Pj+ k/Dk/fut lzNksfl/tf x'g;S5g\ . klxn] g} pNn]v u/] h:t} dxf;lGwn] :ki6 u/]sf] 5 ls oL 1fgsf If]qx? Jofks 5}gg\ . ;fy} ljj/0f;"rLdf ;"rgf Joj:yf ug{ ;xof]uL juL{s/0fsf] k4lt g} Pp6f cf}hf/ xf] .

s]xL ljj/0f;"rLsf k4ltdf s]xL xb\;Dd ;g\ @))# sf] dxf;lGwdf pNn]lvt 1fgsf If]qx?sf] cg's/0f u/]sf 5g\ h:tf] s]k d]8]{, df}l/;;\ / blIf0f clk|msfsf ljj/0f;"rLx? . c? kIf/fHox?sf] k4ltdf 7"nf] ljljwtf 5 vf;u/L clk|msf Pj+ Nofl6g cd]l/sfn] ltgLx?sf] cfˆg} clwsf/df efiffnfO{ ;+jfxssf] ?kdf dfq xf]Og sL cd"t{

;f+:s[lts ;Dkbfsf] ?kdf k|:t't u/]sf 5g\ . To:t} c? s]xLn] Úk|:t'lt snfÚsf] ;§f :ki6tM ;++uLt / g[To pNn]v u/]sf 5g\ .

dxf;lGwn] pNn]v u/]sf Ps jf a9L 1fgsf If]qx? cGtu{t /fli6«o ljj/0f;"rLx?df y'k|} tl/sfx? ;lhn};+u ldnfP/ /fVg ;lsG5, h:tf] …k/Dk/fut cfo"j]{bÚ Pj+ …:jb]zL 1fg k4ltÚ nfO{ k|s[ltaf/]sf] 1fg cGtu{t juL{s/0f ug{ ;lsG5 . …v]nx?Ú / …;fdflhs ;+3;+u7gx?Ú nfO{ …;fdflhs k|rngx?Ú cGtu{tsf] ju{df /fVg ;lsG5 . ljifoj:t'x? h:tf], kf}/fl0fs zf:q, 7fpFsf gfdx?, j:t'x? tyf hgfj/x?nfO{ …df}lvs cleJolQmx?Ú cGtu{t /fVg ;lsG5 . To:t}, s]xL wfld{{s ;df/f]xx? Pj+ tLy{ofqfx?nfO{ …wfld{s cg'i7fgx?Ú cyjf …rf8kj{sf pT;jx?Ú cGtu{t /fVg ;lsG5 . cGo ju{x? h:tf] …;+:d/0fx? Pj+ ljZjf;x?Ú, …j+zfjnL ;DaGwL hfgsf/LÚ, cyjf …kfszfnLo k/Dk/fx?Ú sf] dxf;lGwsf] wf/f @ df k|:t't Ps jf a9L ljwfx?df klg ltgLx?sf] :yfg /xg] kfOG5 . ljZjsf ljleGg efudf ljwf ;DaGwL leGgtfn] ;d'bfox?sf cd"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbfsf af/]df ljleGg k|sf/n] hf]8 lbPsf] cfef; ldNb5 . of] s'/f /fHon] p;sf] cfˆgf] kl/l:ylt cg's"nsf] tl/sfdf ljj/0f;'rLx? agfpg' kb{5 eg]/ dxf;lGwn] hf]8lbPsf] s'/f;+u k"0f{?kn] cg's'n 5 . pbfx/0fsf] nflu cNh]l/of / xfO6Lsf] lglZrt wfld{s k|rngx?sf nflu 5'§f 5'§} ju{ 5 .

s]xL ljj/0f;"rL lgdf{0f k4ltx? cd"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbfx?df dfq l;ldt 5}gg\ . pbfx/0fsf nflu lny'jflgog tl/sfn] cd"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbfsf k|rngx?;+u cfa4 cd"t{ tTjx?, k/Dk/fsf ;+jfxsx?, cyjf clen]vsf] cltl/Qm k|rngdf g/x]sf c? y'k|} tTjx?nfO{ ;d]t ljj/0f;"rLdf Plss[t u/]sf] 5 . csf{lt/ a]lNhoddf cd"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbfsf] juL{s/0f k4ltdf ;fOj/ ;+:s[ltsf tTjx? / v'Nnf ?kdf gePsfnfO{ klg jf:tljs ?kdf ePsf h:t} u/L ;dfj]z ug]{ of]hgf 5 .

/fHox?aLr csf]{ d'Vo leGgtf s] 5 eg] s]xLn] :jb]zLo cd"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbfsf] dfq ljj/0f;"rL agfpg] u/]sf 5g\ eg] cGo s]xLn] h:tf] j]lNhod / o"=P;=P=n] cfk|jfzL ;d'bfox?sf ;+:s[ltnfO{ klg Wofg lbPsf 5g\ . w]/} ax';f+:s[lts b]zx?n] w]/}

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ljj/0f;"rLdf ;dfj]z ul/g] 8s'd]G6];gsf] kl/df0f Pj+ ljj/0fsf] dfqfsf af/]df klg 7"nf] leGgtf 5 . cd"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbfsf cTolws lsl;dsf cleJolQmx? b]zx?leq x'g] ePsfn] ;a} cd"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbfx?sf af/]df ljj/0f;"rLx?df hfgsf/L pknAw u/fpg ef}lts Pj+ cfly{s ?kn] klg ;+efJotf b]lvb}g . xfn k|of]udf /x]sf cfwfh;f] k|0ffnLn] lj:t[t 8s'd]G6];g k|:t't u/]sf 5g\ hals cGon] ;"rLs[t tTjsf]af/]df sd lj:t[t hfgsf/L pknAw u/fPsf 5g\ . s]xLn] Sof6nu cyjf /lhi6/ kmf/fddf ;"rgf lng] u/]sf 5g\, hals c?n] ljZjzAbsf]if h:t}÷w]/} hfgsf/L ePsf k|lji6Lx? k|:t't u/]sf 5g\ . a|flhndf o:tf] k|0ffnL k|of]u ul/Psf] 5 ls b'j} tl/sfnfO{ ;dflxt ul/Psf] 5 . ToxfF /fli6«o :t/sf tTjx?nfO{ Pp6f /lhi6/df ;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5 / csf]{ txsf tTjx? Pp6f ljj/0f;"rLdf ;dfj]z ul/Psf 5g\ . /fli6«o txdf oL b'j} Sof6f]u/Ldf lj:t[t 8s'd]G6];g pknAw

u/fOPsf] 5 hasL ;+3Lo/fHosf ljj/0f;"rLx? lj:t[t 8s'd]G6];glagf g} l;h{gf ePsf 5g\ .

clwsf+z b]zx?df ;d'bfox?, d+~rgstf{x?sf] ;d'x Pj+ k/Dk/fut ;+jfxsx?sf] gLltx?sf] k/Dk/fut ;+:s[lt, ;fdflhs k|rngx? Pj+ cleJolQmx? dfly pgLx?sf] ;DklQ ;DaGwL clwsf/ ;+/If0fsf] sfg"gL k|fjwfgx? 5}gg\ . o;sf] dtnj ha ;"rgfdf ;lhn} k|j]zsf] Joj:Yff ubf{ ;+efJo Jofkfl/s k|of]u x'g;Sg] tkm{ ;fjwfgL ckgfpg' cfjZos x'G5 . pko'Qm sfg"gL ;'/Ifflagf aflxl/ofx?n] k/Dk/fut cfo'j]{b, k|fs[lts ;|f]tx? ;DaGwL 1fg / ;+uLt Pj+ df}lvs k/Dk/fx?sf] ;"rgfx?sf] k|of]u tyf Jofkfl/s kmfObf lng;S5g\ . ;d'bfox?n] pgLx?sf ;Dkbfx?sf] ljj/0f;"rL agfpg'eGbf klxn] ltgLx?n] :jtGq Pj+ k"j{ ;';"lrt ;xdlt lbg'kg]{ ePsfn] pgLx?sf] cd"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;DkbftTjx?sf]af/]df slt ;"rgf lbg] jf glbg] eg]/ k|ltaGw nufpg ;Sb5g\ . ;d'bfox? ltgLx?sf] ;Dkbfsf] c?nfO{ x'g] ;+efJo dxTjsf af/]df ;w} ;r]t gx'g ;S5g\ . To;sf/0f ljj/0f;"rL agfpg pQ/bfoL x'g]x?n] uf]kgLotfsf] pNnª3g ug'{x'b}g Pj+ aflxl/ofx?n] cg'lrt b'?kof]u ug{;Sg] kl/l:ylt cfpg glbg ;+j]bgzLn x'g'kb{5 .

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dxf;lGwsf cg';f/ cd"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;DkbftTj x'g sltnfdf] ;dob]lv k|rngdf /x]sf] jf slxn]b]lv x:tfGt/0f x'Fb} cfPsf] eg]/ Go"gtd cjlw tf]lsPsf] 5}g . s]xL /fHox?n] ljj/0f;"rL agfOg] j:t'sf] nflu o;sf] cfjZostf nfu' u/]sf] 5 / o;sf] bfo/f b'O{–tLg k':tfb]lv ;ft k':tf;Dd x'g'kg]{ k|fjwfg nfu' u/]sf 5g\ . sltko cj:yfdf slt w]/} k':tfx?n] Pp6f k/Dk/fnfO{ Jojxf/df ptf/]sf lyP eg]/ :yfkgf ug{ sl7g x'G5, vf;u/L To:tf ;d'bfox?df h;sf] lnlvt cfsf/df k/Dk/fut ?kdf hfgsf/L ljBdfg 5}g . hals ;d'bfox? :jo+dn] p;sf] cd"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbfsf] klxrfg ug{'kb{5 . s;}nfO{ Ps?ktf Nofpg afXo cjlw ;Ldf yf]kg'{ dxf;lGw ljkl/t b]lvG5 .

aflx/L tTjx?af6 clws k|efjsf;fy ePsf] s|lds lta| ljsf;nfO{ vf; Wofg lbg'kb{5 – ltgLx? k/Dk/fut cd"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;DkbftTj;+u hf]l8Psf] ePtfklg ltgLx?nfO{ ;w} ljsf;sf] cljl5Gg 36gfqmdsf] kl/0ffdsf] ?kdf x]g{ g;lsg] x'G5g\ . s]xL ljj/0f;"rLs/0f k|0ffnLn] aLrdf /f]lsPsf k'g hLjGt t'NofOPsf tTjx?nfO{ ;dfj]z u/]sf 5}gg\ eg] cGon] ;d'bfox?n] cfˆgf] ;Dkbfsf] ?kdf dfGotf lbO{ ljj/0f;"rLdf ;dfj]z u/]sf 5g\ .

s]xL /fHox?n] ltgLx?sf] ljj/0f;"rLnfO{ cfGtl/s k|zf;lgs nfOgdf afF8]sf5g\ . pbfx/0fsf nflu e]g]h'Pnfn] o;sf k|To]s gu/kflnsfx?n] ;f+:s[lts ;DkbfnfO{ 5'§f5'§} k|:t't u/]sf] 5 . ;+3Lo/fHox?n] ltgLx?sf] ljj/0f;"rL k|fo e"–If]q cg';f/ lgdf{0f u/]sf5g\ . jf:tjdf w]/} /fHox?n] ljj/0f;"rL agfpFbf juL{s/0f k|f/lDes l;4fGtsf] ?kdf k|zf;lgs ljefhgnfO{ k|of]u u/]sf 5g\ .

sf]nlDaofdf b]zsf k|To]s aQL; ljefux?sf nflu Pp6f 5'§} ljj/0f;"rL 5 . rLgn] 5kGgj6f hftLo ;d'bfox? klxrfg u/L ;f]xL cg'?k cfˆgf] ljj/0f;"rLsf] Joj:yfkg u/]sf] 5 . s]xL b]zx?, h:tf] xfO6Ln] o;sf nflu ljleGg ;d'bfox? tyf If]qx?aLr 5'6\ofO/xg' cfjZos 7fg]g . oBlk zxl/s/0f, a;fO{;/fO{ Pj+ s]Gb|Ls[t gLltx?sf] sf/0fn] k/Dk/fut ?kdf k[ysk[ys hftLoefiffsf cyjf kl/eflift ug{ ;d'bfox?åf/f clwsf/ :yflkt u/]sf If]qx?sf ;Ldfgfx?;+u jt{dfg k|zf;lgs ljefhg ;w} d]nvfg] gx'g ;Sb5g\ .

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k|fb]lzs l;4fGtsf cfwf/df ;+of]hg ul/of] . ;DkbftTjnfO{ ljj/0f;"rLdf ;dfj]z ug]{ d'Vo cfwf/ cflwsfl/stf, k|ltlglwTj, snfTds dxTj, sfo{zlQm / k/Dk/fdf b[9tfnfO{ dflgPsf] lyof] . cd"t{ ;fF:s[lts ;Dkbf jlu{s/0fsf nflu 5gf}6 ul/Psf ljwfx?df k/Dk/fut cg'i7fg Pj+ ef]hg, k/Dk/fut ufog Pj+ ;+uLtjfbg, k/Dk/fut g[To Pj+ afnaflnsfx?sf v]nx?, k/Dk/fut sYo, k/Dk/fut lzNk Pj+ 3/]n' j:t' jf pkhsf] k/Dk/fut pTkfbg / k/Dk/fut cf]vtLx? lyP . ljz]if1x?n] agfPsf k|ZgfjnLx?nfO{ k|zf;sLo k|0ffnL Pj+ :yfgLo lrtflnZ6] -;+:s[lt Pj+ ;d'bfo s]Gb|_x? dfkm{t ;d'bfodf

k7fOof], ;+slnt 8f6fx?nfO{ lj1x?åf/f ljZn]if0f u/L ljj/0f;"rLsf] klxnf] ;+:s/0f tof/ kfl/of] / ;/;'emfjsf nflu cgnfOgdf /flvof] . ;/;'emfjx? / cltl/Qm :ynut cg';GwfgnfO{ ;d]6]/ ljj/0f;"rLsf] clGtd ;+:s/0f tof/ kf/L To;nfO{ 5fKg] Pj+ OG6/g]6df k|sflzt ug]{ sfd ;DkGg ul/of] . ;+:s[lt dGtfno cGt/utsf] l/hgn sNr/n kf]ln;L 8fO/]S6f]/]6sf] ;dGjodf cfh lrtflnZ6] ;~hfnx?n] w]/} dfqfdf cd"t{ ;fF:s[lts ;DkbfsfIf]qdf 1fg Pj+ l;ksf] x:tfGt/0f ePsf] ;'lglZrt u/]sf] 5 .

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ljj/0f;"rL lgdf{0f ;DaGwL a|flhnLog cg'ej ;g\ !(#) df ul7t OlG:6Ro'6 ckm lx:6f]l/s P08 cfl6{l:6s x]l/6]h -cfOkmfg_ / rnfodfg Pj+ crn b'j}k|sf/sf ;fF:s[lts ;Dkbfsf] sfg"gL ;+/If0fsf nflu 6f]Dafd]G6f] (Tombamento) gfds k|zf;lgs P]gsf] sfof{Gjog;Dd k'Ub5 . 6f]Dafd]G6f] cflwsfl/stfsf] klZrdL larf/wf/fdf cfwfl/t lyof] h;df ;Da4 ;fdflhs k|lqmofx?eGbf klg j:t'df Wofg lbO{ ;DkbfnfO{ oyf;+ej o;sf] df}lns :j?kdf g} ;+/If0f ug]{ nufotsf s'/fx? ;dfj]z ul/Psf] x'G5 . ;g\ !(&) df k|i6;Fu cd"t{ ;Dkbfx?nfO{ ;d]t ;dfj]z ug]{ egL ;fF:s[lts ;Dkbfsf] cjwf/0ffnfO{ km/flsnf] kfl/P;Fu} hLjGt ;fF:s[lts ;DklQx?nfO{ pko'Qm pkfox?sf dfWodaf6 ;+/If0f ug'{ kg]{ s'/f :ki6 x'g uof] / o;n] cGttM ;g\ @)))df cWofb]zdfkm{t /lh:6«Lsf] lgdf{0ftkm{ 8f]¥ofpg k'Uof] .

o; /lh:6«Lsf dfWodaf6 ;Dkbf;Fu ;DalGwt ;fd'lxs Pjd\ JolQmut clwsf/sf] s]xL xb;Dd ljrf/ k'¥ofpb} cd"t{ ;fF:s[lts ;Dkbf ljifo–j:t'x?sf] clen]lvs/0f Pj+ k|sflzt ul/of] .

cd"t{ ;fF:s[lts ;Dkbfsf] rnfodfg :jefjnfO{ Wofgdf /fVb} of] /lh:6«LnfO{ slDtdf klg x/]s b;jif{df cfjlws ;dLIff ug}{kg]{ k|fjwfg /flvPsf] 5 . /lh:6/ ul/Psf ;Dkbfx?nfO{ …a|flhlnog sNr/n x]l/6]hÚ 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] 5, h;af6 ltgLx?n] k|al4{t x'g] Pj+ ;+/If0f of]hgfsf nflu cfly{s ;xof]u k|fKt ug]{ ;'ljwf kfp5g\ . /lh:6«Ls} ;dfgfGt/ x'g]u/L b]zsf] hftLo Pj+ ;fF:s[lts ljljwtf ;+/If0fsf nflu cd"t{ ;Dkbfsf nflu /fli6«o sfo{qmdsf] :yfkgf ul/Psf] lyof], h;df ;fF:s[lts ;Gbe{ ;fdfu|Lx?sf] /fli6«o ljj/0f;"rL ;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5 . of] /fli6«o ljj/0f;"rLsf nflu d"t{ / cd"t{ b'j}k|sf/sf ;fF:s[lts ;Dkbfx?sf] klxrfg ug]{ nIosf ;fy cfOkmfgn] ljj/0f;"rL agfpg] sfo{ljlw tof/ u/]sf] lyof] . cd"t{ ;fF:s[lts ;Dkbfx?nfO{ rf/j6f ju{df ljeflht ul/Psf] 5 M …pT;jÚ, …cleJolQmsf k|sf/x?Ú, …lzNksnfsfl/tf jf k/Dk/fut 1fgÚ / …:yfg jf ef}lts :ynx?Ú . :yfgLo:t/df ljj/0f;"rL tof/ ug]{ lqmofsnfkx?sf] ;Ldf tf]Sg] sfo{ ufpF, lhNnf, c~rn, zx/L If]q, ;fF:s[lts?kn] km/s ef}uf]lns Onfsf jf b]zsf e"efux?sf] ;d"x cg'?k x'g ;Sg]5 .

ljj/0f;"rL agfpg] sfo{ljlwsf tLgj6f r/0fx? x'G5g\ M !_ k|f/lDes ;+sng, @_ klxrfg Pj+ clen]lvs/0f, / #_ ljZn]if0f . cfOkmfgn] tof/ kf/]sf ljj/0f;"rLx?n] cflbjf;L hgtf, ;+/lIft zx/L s]Gb|x?df j;f]jf; ug]{ ck|mf]–a|flhlnog gful/s Pj+ ;d"xx?sf ;fy} ax';fF:s[lts zx/L kl/j]zdf a:g] dflg;x?sf] ;fF:s[lts ;Gbe{x?dfly hf]8 lbG5g\ . hf]lvddf k/]sf ;fF:s[lts ;DklQx?dfly ljz]if Wofg lbOPsf] x'G5 .

cfOkmfgsf cg';f/, cd"t{ ;fF:s[lts ;Dkbfsf] ljj/0f;"rL tof/ ug'{sf] Pp6f dxTjk"0f{ nIo eg]sf] -;a} ;+:s[ltx?nfO{_ Ps}?ksf] agfpg] k|j[lQ ePsf] kl/j]zdf b]zsf] ;fF:s[lts ljljwtfnfO{ sfod /fVg', / ;+/If0f ;+oGqx?sf] sfo{Gjogsf dfWodaf6 ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f / k/Dk/f wf/sx?sf] hLljsf]kfh{gsf] cj:yf ;'wfg{df of]ubfg k'¥ofpg' xf] . ;g\ @))) b]lv cfOkmfgn] b]z}el/af6 $* j6f ;fF:s[lts ;Gbe{x?sf] ljj/0f;"rL tof/ kfg]{ sfd ;DkGg u/]sf] 5 eg] yk $& j6fsf] ;DkGg x'g] qmddf /x]sf 5g\ . ;g\ @))@ b]lv !^ j6f ;fF:s[lts ;DklQx?nfO{ btf{ ul/Psf] 5 eg] ltgLx?sf] x:tfGt/0f / lg/Gt/tfnfO{ ;'lglZrt ug{ !! j6f sfo{of]hgfx? sfo{Gjog eO/x]sf 5g\ .

klxrfg Pj+ ljj/0f ;"rLs/0f . !#

ljj/0f;"rL lgdf{0f ;DaGwL e]g]h'Pnfsf] cg'ej

;fF:s[lts ;Dkbf ;+/If0f Pj+ arfp ;DaGwL e]g]h'Pnfsf] !((# sf] sfg"gn] ;fF:s[lts ;Dkbf OlG:6Ro'6 :yfkgfsf] Joj:yf u¥of] -www.ipc.gob.ve_ . OlG:6Ro'6n] ug]{ k|d'v sfdx?dWo] e]g]h'cPnfsf] ;fF:s[lts ;Dkbfsf] ljj/0f;"rL tof/ ug]{ klg Ps xf] . klxnf] k6s ljj/0f;"rL tof/ ug]{ qmddf ^!) j6f ;fF:s[lts j:t'x?sf] dfq} 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] lyof], h;dWo] $&^ j6f jf:t'snf -cf}klgj]lzs_ lyP . ta OlG:6Ro'6n] o;n] b]zsf] ;fF:s[lts ;Dkbfsf] ;DkGgtf / ljljwtfnfO{ k|ltlalDat gug]{ 7fGof] . To;}n] OlG:6Ro'6n] ;g\ @))# df gofF kl/of]hgf z'? ug]{ lg0f{o u¥of] h;n] e]g]h'j]nfsf ;Dk"0f{ gu/kflnsfx?sf ;a} k|sf/sf ;fF:slts ;Dkbfx?nfO{ k|ltlalDat ub{Yof] . ;g\ @))% df d"t{ / cd"t{ ;fF:s[lts ;Dkbfsf ^*,))) cleJolQmx? btf{ ul/Psf] lyof], / kl/ofhgfsf] cGt;Dd sl/j !!),))) cleJolQmx?sf] ljj/0f;"rL tof/ ug]{ ck]Iff ul/Psf] lyof] .

gofF ljj/0f;"rLn] To:tf ;fF:s[lts cleJolQmx?nfO{ k|ltlalDat ug]{ nIo /fv]sf] lyof] h'g ;d'bfo cfkm}sf nflu ax'd"No lyP . o;/L ;Dkbfsf] :yfkgf, ltgLx?sf] ljlzi6 d"No / ;fj{hlgs gLltx?sf dfWodaf6 hg;fwf/0fn] ltgLx?nfO{ cfkm\gf] lxtdf k|of]u ug]{ ;DaGwdf s'g} ljz]if1åf/f klxn] k|of]u ul/Psf l;4fGtx?nfO{ o;n] c:jLs[t ub{5 . gofF ljj/0f;"rLsf] clGtd nIo t tL ;a lqmofsnfkx?, cleJolQmx?, pTkfbgx? jf ;fF:s[lts cleJolQmx?nfO{ btf{ ug'{ lyof] h;n] e]g]h'j]nfsf k|To]s ;d'bfo / ;d"xx?sf] k|ltlglwTj Pj+ ;fdflhs rl/q lrq0f ub{5g\ . ;fd"lxs klxrfgnfO{ ;+s]t ug]{ ljlzi6 l;kx?;lxt JolQmx?sf] ;"rLs/0f ug]{ nufot ;d'bfo / ;d"xx?sf nflu d"t{ / cd"t{ ;fF:s[lts ;Dkbfsf] k|ltlglwd"ns

rl/q nfO{ ljj/0f;"rLsf] cfwf/e"t dfkb08sf ?kdf k|of]u ul/Psf] lyof] .

klxNo}b]lv ljBdfg k|ZgfjnLx?sf] k|of]u ub}{ gu/kflnsf :t/df ;"rgfx?sf] ;+sng ug]{ sfo{ dfkm{t :ynut sfo{ ;g\ @))$ df z'? eof] . t/ ltgLx?n] g t cEof;df pNn]v ul/Pem}F k|ltlglwd"ns l;4fGtnfO{ g} k|ltlalDat u/]sf lyP g t :df/s jf :ynx? afx]s cGo ;Dkbfx?sf] dxTjnfO{ ;d]6\g] ;lx k|Zgx?g} ;dfj]z u/]sf lyP . kl/0ffd:j?k oL k|ZgfjnLx? ;Lldt?kdf dfq} k|efjsf/L /x] . To;}n] :ynut sfo{;DkGg e};s]kl5 klg ;+sng ul/Psf ;"rgfx?nfO{ Ps}7fpFdf ;ª\u|x tyf ;Dkfbg ubf{ kof{Kt nrstfsf] cg'dlt lbg] Ps k|Zgn] csf]{ tk{m 8f]¥ofpg] u/L gofF k|ZgfjnLx? tof/ ul/of] . btf{ ul/g' kg]{ ;fF:s[lts j:t'sf] ;fd"lxs d"Nol:y/Ls/0fsf] k|df0f k]z ug'{ kg]{ cfjZostfnfO{ k|ltlglwd"ns ljz]iftf lgwf{/0f ug{sf nflu k|of]u ul/Psf] d"Nof+sgsf] dfkb08 dflgPsf] lyof] . s'g} tTjdf of] k|df0f gePdf Tof] c:jLs[t x'GYof] .

;ª\slnt ;"rgf ;+:s[ltsf] If]qdf sfdug]{x?, ljBfyL{, :jo+;]js / :yfgLo lzIfsx?sf] ;~hfn, h'g b]z}el/ ;a}eGbf a9L km}lnPsf ;fj{hlgs ;~hfnx?dWo] Ps xf], sf dfWodaf6 ;'Jojl:yt ul/Psf] lyof] . ;d'bfonfO{ kl/of]hgfsf] If]q / p2]Zox?sfaf/]df hfgsf/L lbOg'sf ;fy} pgLx?n] k|bfg ug{ rfx]sf ;"rgfx?dfq} Sof6fnf]uf]; 8]n Kofl6«df]lgcf] sNr/ e]g]h'Pnfgf] -Catálogos del Patrimonio Cultural Venezolano_ df k|sflzt ul/g]5 eg]/ atfOof] . Sof6fnf]uf]; @)) eGbfa9L k':tsx?sf] Pp6f >[+vnf xf] h;n] ##% gu/kflnsfx?sf ljj/0f;"rLx?sf] glthfnfO{ k|:t't ub{5 . k|To]s gu/kflnsfx?sf

nflu ;fF:s[lts ;DkbfnfO{ kfFrj6f ju{x? cGt/ut k~hLs[t ul/Psf] lyof]M n; cJh]6f]; -los Objetos–j:t'_, nf] sG:6\?l8of] -lo Construido –lgld{t ;Dkbf_, nf lqmPl;cg OlG8leh'cn -la Creación Individual–JolQmut ;[hgf_, nf 6«Øfl8l;cg cf]/n -la Tradición Oral–df}lvs k/Dk/f_ / nf Doflgkm]:6fl;cf]lg; sf]n]lS6ef; -las Manifestaciones Colectivas–;fd"lxs cleJolQm_ .

;"rgfx?nfO{ ljj/0f;"rLsf] k|sfzg;Fu ;DalGwt Jojxfl/s k|of]hgsf nflu k|To]s tTjx?sf] ;+lIfKt ljj/0f tof/ ug{] lhDdf ;Dkfbg Pj+ k|sfzg 6f]nLnfO{ nufOPsf] lyof] . afFsL lnlvt Pj+ >Job[io ;"rgfx?nfO{ OG6/g]6 / cGo dfWodx?af6 hg;fwf/0fsf] kx"Frdf k'¥ofpg] p2]Zosf ;fy l8lh6n :j?kdf cfOkL;Lsf] s]lGb|o 8f6fj];df ;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5 . cfOkL;Ln] e]g]h'Pnfsf k|To]s k|zf;sLo If]qx?sf ;fF:s[lts ;Dkbfx? / ;fF:s[lts gS;fª\sg kl/of]hgfsf] ;Ll8 k|sfzg ug]{ nIo ;d]t lnPsf] 5 . ljj/0f;"rLnfO{ ljsf;;DaGwL gLltx?df k|of]u ul/g] k|d'v ;fF:s[lts Pj+ z}lIfs ;fwgsf ?kdf x]l/Psf] 5 .

sfg"gL?kdf, 6«fOj'gn ;'k|]df] l8 hl:6l;cf -;jf]{Rr cbfnt_n] ljj/0f;"rLdf ljlwjt ?kdf k~hLs[t ul/Psf ;a} ;fF:s[lts ;Dkbfx? ;fF:s[lts ;Dkbf ;+/If0f Pj+ k|lt/Iff sfg"g cGt/ut ;+/lIft x'g] cfb]z hf/L u¥of] . ljj/0f;"rLdf ;"rLs[t ul/Psf cd"t{ ;fF:s[lts ;Dkbfx?sf] ;+/If0fsf nflu cfly{s ;|f]t afF8kmfF6 ubf{, nf]kx'g] vt/fdf /x]sf ;fF:s[lts ;Dkbfx?nfO{ k|fyldstf lbOG5 . cfh, *$,))) eGbfa9L ;fF:s[lts cleJolQmx?sf] ljj/0f;"rL tof/ kfl/Psf] 5 eg] !^) eGbfa9L Sof6fnf]uf]; k|sflzt u/L x/]s gu/kflnsfsf k|To]s ;fF:s[lts, ;fdflhs tyf z}lIfs ;+:yfx?nfO{ lgMz'Ns?kdf pknAw u/fOPsf] 5 .

dxf;lGwn] ;+ejeP;Dd k]z ug]{ kIf/fHosf ;d'bfox? Pj+ ;d'xx?n] pTkGg u/]sf k|ltlglwd"ns cd"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbfsf ljj/0f;"rLx?sf] nflu cfu|x u/]sf] 5 . dxTjk"0f{ s'/f eg] cd"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbfsf] ljj/0f;"rLx?df d'Vo :yfg lbP/ k|:t't ul/Psf] tTj Ps jf a9L ;d'bfox?, ;d'xx? Pj+ sltko cj:yfdf JolQmx?åf/f Tof] tTj pgLx?sf] ;f:+s[lts klxrfgsf] cleJolQm xf] eg]/ dfGotf lbPsf] k|f/+lDes l;4fGtsf] cfwf/df 5gf}6 ug'{kb{5 . dxf;lGwn] ljj/0f;"rL tof/ ug]{ sfo{ ;d'bfox?sf] ;xefuLtfdf x'g'kg]{ cfjZos kf/]sf] 5 .

ljj/0f;"rLx? juL{s/0f, If]q, lj:t[lts/0fsf] :t/ Pj+ ltgsf] ;+~rfng, :ofxf/;+ef/ cBfjlws ug]{af/]sf ;+oGqx? /fHon] cfˆgf] kl/l:ylt cg's"n lglZrt ug]{ 5g\ .

• lkmlnlkG;sf] n+uf] n]sjf;L d/fgfcf] ;d'bfodf k|rlnt b/f~h]g dxfsfJodf cfwfl/t k|:t'lt

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cd"t{ ;f+:s[lts ;DkbftTjsf] ljj/0f;"rLs/0fsf]

lgldQ ;+efJo ?k/]vf

!= tTjsf] klxrfg !=!= ;DalGwt ;d'bfo jf ;d"xn] k|of]u ug]{

tTjsf] gfdÙ !=@= 5f]6f], clwstd hfgsf/Ld"ns zLif{s

-;+efJo ljwfsf] ;+s]t;lxt_Ù !=#= ;DalGwt ;d'bfo-x?_Ù !=$= tTjsf] ef}uf]lns cjl:yltÙ !=%= 5f]6s/L] ljj/0f .

@= tTjsf ljz]iftfx? @=!= ;Da4 d"t{ tTjx?Ù @=@= ;Da4 cd"t{ tTjx?Ù @=#= ;+nUg efiff-x?_, /lhi6;{, af]nLsf] :t/-x?_Ù @=$= pTklQ hfgsf/L lbg] .

#= tTj;+u ;+nUg JolQmx? Pj+ ;+:yfx? #=!= cEof;stf{x?÷k|:t'tstf{x?M gfd-x?_,pd]/,

lnË, ;fdflhs x}l;ot, k]zfut >]0fL cflbÙ #=@= c? ;xefuLx? -h:t} clwsf/ /fVg]

JolQmx?, ;+/Ifsx?_Ù #=#= tTj Jff o; ;DaGwL kIfx?df k|j]zÙ

Joj:yfkgsf k/Dk/fut k|rngx?Ù #=$= x:tfGt/0fsf tl/sfx?Ù #=%= ;DalGwt ;+3;+:yfx? -u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfx?

Pj+ cGo_ .

$= tTjsf] cj:yf M hLjGttf $=!= lqmofGjogsf r'gf}ltx?Ù $=@= x:tfGt/0fsf r'gf}ltx?Ù $=#= ;Da4 d"t{ tTjx? Pj+ ;|f]tx?sf]

pknAwtfÙ $=$= ;Da4 d"t{ Pj+ cd"t{ tTjx?sf]

hLjGttfÙ $=%= oyf:yfgdf ;+/If0fsf pkfox? .

%= 8f6f ;+sng Pj+ ljj/0f;"rLs/0f %=!= 8f6f ;+sng / ljj/0f;"rLs/0fsf] nflu

;d'bfo÷;d'xsf] ;xdlt Pj+ ;+nUgtfÙ %=@= ljj/0f ;"rLs/0f ul/Psf 8f6fsf]

pkof]udf k|ltaGwx?, olb ePdfÙ %=#= ;|f]t JolQm -x?_ M gfd, Pj+ cf]xbf

cyjf ;+nUgtfÙ %=$= 8f6f ;+sngsf] ldlt / :yfgÙ %=%= 8f6f ljj/0f;"rLdf k|j]z u/fOPsf] ldltÙ %=^= ljj/0f;"rL bflvnf tof/ ug]{ JolQm .

^= ;flxTo, kmf]gf]u|fkm /]s8{sf] ;+°ng -l8:sf]u|flkm_,

>Job[io ;fdfu|Lx?, clen]v ;Gbe{x?

• 5b\d e]ifdf gflrg] DoflszL g[To, hflDaof

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सा�ृंितक संगठन

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Ps k':tf b]lv csf]{ k':tf;Dd x:tfGt/0f eO{ cfPsf] cd"t{ ;fF:s[lts ;Dkbf lg/Gt/ ?kdf ;d'bfo / ;d"xåf/f k'glg{ld{t x'G5 / o;n] pgLx?nfO{ klxrfg / lg/Gt/tfsf] af]w u/fpF5 / o;/L ;fF:s[lts ljljwtf / dfgj ;[hgfzLntfsf nflu ;Ddfg k|a4{g ub{5 .

संघीय