Version : 25/08/2016 E-mail : michel.baikrich@ingenieros.com

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* Muzzle energy formula : Bullet weight ( grains ) X Velocity2 ( fts ) divided by

* 450.437 = Energy en Ft / Lbs Calculate BC : Example

* 1 Ft / Lbs = 1.355818 Joules ( 1 Joule = 0.102 Kpm )

* 1 grain = 0.06479891 grams * BC = M / ((CB / CG) * d ^ 2)

* Velocity m/s to ft/s : m/s : 0.3048 * BC = 0,0162 / ((0.5191 / 0.5191) * 0.01143 ̂ 2)

* Velocity ft/s to m/s : ft/s : 3.28084 * BC = 0,0162 / (1 * 0,01143 ̂ 2)

* Température : T°C = (T°F-32)×5/9 * BC = 124.

* Température : T°F = (T°C×9/5)+32

* BC = Ballistic coefficient

* V0 = Bullet velocity at muzzle (Ballistic nomenclature in use by the ammos manufacturers)

* V50 = Bullet velocity at 50 mt or yd of the muzzle (Ballistic nomenclature in use by the ammos manufacturers)

* V-50 testing = A US Army test performed on a sample of armor material to determine the velocity at which a specific

Projectile has 50% probability of complete or partial penetration. (V50 is Apocryphal designation)

Measurements for levels I – II – IIB P.A.C Part 1 & Part 2 Target range : 5 m - 16,4 ft Velocity measurement distance from muzzle : 2 m / 6,56 ftNumber of shots : 3 Shots in triangle Spacing shots : 7.0 cm - 8.0 cm / 2,75 – 3,15” 3 Samples sizes : = > 25 X 30 cm Parte I & II ( V Min. - 15 m/s / 45.72 ft/s ) -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Measurements for levels III – IV Part 1 & Part 2

Target range : 10 m - 32,8 ft Velocity measurement distance from muzzle : 2 m / 6,56 ftNumber of shots : 3 shots in triangle Spacing shots : 10 cm - 12 cm ( 15 – 17 cm V P.A.C)3 Samples sizes : = < 40 X 40 cm Parte I & II ( V Min. - 15 m/s / 45,72 ft/s )

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Witness plate: 0.020 in./ 0.5 mm Aluminum foil alloy Witness plate distance : 4 in. / 10.2 cm Test temperature : 50º – 86º F / 10º – 30º C Impact incidence : 90°

USA NIJ & UL 752 – U.E EN 1063 & VPAM – ARG. RENARD - BRAZIL ABNT NBR 15000/2005

– COLOMBIA NTC5501 – ECUADOR NTEC – MEXICO NOM-142 = 44mm trauma max.

P.A.C-2016 Ballistic Standard - Chinese Ballistics Standards - HOSDB - UK = 25mm trauma max.

GOST R 50744-95 Ballistic Standard (Russian) = 17mm trauma max.

Anti-stab & anti spick capabilities Bayonet - Knive & Ice pick To 36 Joules xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxx

AMMUNITIONS Types of guns V0 Ft/s / m/s Weight Types of bullets

Explosion fragments (V-50 Testing) (explosion simulator ) To 2000 / 610 17 Steel fragment

5.45 PSM (5.45X18) Pistol > MV 39 MPC 7N7

7 mm Nambu (7 mm Baby Nambu) Pistol > MV 56 FMJ

7.5 Swiss Ordnance (7.5 mm M82) Revolver > MV 107 FMJ

7.62 Nagant (7.62X41.5 Russian Rev.) Revolver > MV 106 57-N-122

32 H&R Magnum (32 Magnum) Revolver > MV 85-95 JSP

7.65 long French (M1918 PDC) Pistol > MV 77 FMJ

7.65 Brg (32 ACP) Pistol > MV 72 FMJ

8 mm Lebel (8 mm French Ord.) Revolver > MV 102 FMJ

9 mm Brg.short 380 ACP (9 X 17) Pistol > MV 95 FMJ

8 mm Japanese Nambu (Taisho 14) Pistol > MV 83 FMJ

9mm Police (9 mm Ultra 9X18) Pistol > MV 100 FMJTC

44 Russian (44 S&W Russian) Revolver > MV 247 LRN

44 Special (44 S&W Special) Revolver > MV 200 SWC HP

45 Automatic Rim (45 Auto Rim) Revolver > MV 220 LRN

45 Colt (45 long Colt) Revolver > MV 240 LRN

45 ACP (11 mm M40) Pistol > MV 230 FMJ

45 G.A.P. (45 Glock Automatic pistol) Pistol > MV 185-230 FMJ-JHP

450 short Colt (.450 English Revolver) Revolver > MV 226 LRN

455 Webley revolver (455 Mark II) Revolver > MV 262 LRN

455 Auto Pistol (.455 Wesley S.L) Pistol > MV 260 FMJ

MV = Max Velocity

22 LR HV (22 long rifle High speed ) Carbine (sniping rifle) To 1300 / 396 40 Copp. Plated HP

7.62 Tokarev ** (7.62X25) Pistol To 1350 / 411 85 57-N-1345

7.65 Parabellum (7.65 X 21) Pistol To 1300 / 396 93 FMJ Copper/L

327 Federal Mágnum (327 FM) Revolver To 1400 / 426 85 JHP hydra shock

9 mm Makarov (modif. PMM) MP To 1350 / 411 92 57-N-1815

9 mm Glisenti (M910 Cartridge) Pistol To 1250 / 381 124 FMJ

9 mm Luger + P (Critical caliber) Part. I (9X19) Pistol - SMG To 1250 / 381 124 FMJ Copper/L

9 mm Brg. Long (9X20mmSR) Pistol To 1350 / 411 95 FMJ

9 mm Bergmann-Bayard (9 X 23mm largo) Pistol - SMG To 1250 / 381 124 FMJ

9 mm Mauser (9X25 Export) Pistol To 1250 / 381 124 FMJ

9 mm IMI (9X21 IMI) Pistol To 1250 / 381 125 FMJ-FN

38 Spec. HV (38 special super speed) Revolver To 1300 / 396 158 FMJ -JSP

38 ACP (38 Smokeless Rimless) Pistol To 1250 / 381 125 FMJ

38 Super Auto + P (9X23 HR) Pistol To 1280 / 390 130 FMJ

357 SIG (357 Schweiz Ind. Gesellschaft) Pistol To 1350 / 411 125 FMC-FN

357 Magnum (Critical caliber) Part II (.357 S & W Mag.) Revolver To 1300 / 396 158 FMC-FN

38-40 Winchester (38 WCF) Revolver To 1300 / 396 180 LRN-JSP

40 Smith & Wesson (40 Auto) Pistol To 1250 / 381 180 FMJTC

10 mm Auto (10 mm Norma) Pistol To 1250 / 381 180 JHP

41 Action Express (41 A.E) Pistol To 1250 / 381 180 FMJ

41 Mag. (41 Remington Magnum) Revolver To 1250 / 381 210 JHP

44-40 Winchester (44 WCF) Revolver To 1250 / 381 200 LRN-JSP

44 Magnum (44 Remington Magnum) Revolver To 1220 / 372 240 Hydra Shok JHP

12 Gauge 2.3/4 inch (Cal. 12/70) Shotgun without choke To 1300 / 396 - 9–12 pellets 00

Anti-stab & anti spick capabilities Bayonet - Knive & Ice pick To 43 joules xxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx

Explosion fragments ( V-50 testing) (explosion simulator) To 2460 / 750 17 Steel fragment

7.62 Tokarev ** (7.62X25) Pistol To 1450 / 442 85 Full steel jacket

9 mm Luger + P Part 1 (Critical caliber) (9X19) SMG – longs barrels To 1450 / 442 124 FMJ (M882)

357 Magnum super speed (.357 S & W Magnum) Revolver To 1450 / 442 158 JSP – SJHP

357 Sig (9 X 22) Pistol To 1470 / 448 125 FMJ-FN

44 Mag. Part 2 (Critical caliber) (44 Rem. Mag.) Revolver To 1450 / 442 240 SJSP - SJHP

12 Gauge (Cal. 12/70) Shotgun without choke To 1400 / 426 437 9–12 pellets 00

4.6 X 30 DE HK MP7 SMG To 2300 / 701 31 DM21

5/6 BMP BE Pistols & SMG To 2320 / 707 31 M13 & M13 A1

5.7 X 28 (Critical caliber) Part 1 BE FN P90 SMG To 2345 / 715 31 SS190

5.8 X 21 CN QCW-95 - DCV-95 – QCQ-95 To 1750 / 533 46 FMJ-BT DAP92

7.62 X 39 (Critical caliber) Part 2 RU AK47 – AKM all types To 2395 / 730 122 - 123 57-N-231 (M43) MSC

9 X 21 Bimetal RU SR-1 – SR-2 To 1476 / 450 103 PBP SP-10 -7N29

9 X 39 Bimetal RU OTS-12 – SR3 - VSK-94 - VSS To 985 / 300 262 PAB-9

5.45 X 39 RU AK74 – AN94 To 2920 / 890 53 7N6

5.56 X 45 UE SCAR - AUG – G36 etc… To 3050 / 930 62 SS109 (M855)

5.56 X 45 (223 Rem.) Part 1 (Critical caliber) US M4 etc… To 3120 / 950 55 M193

5.8 X 42 CN QBZ-95 – QBZ-95B To 3050 / 930 66 DBP-87/95

7.62 X 39 RU AK47 – AKM all types To 2395 / 730 122 - 123 57-N-231 (M43) MSC

7.62 X 54R RU SVD Sniping rifle To 2740 / 835 148 57-N-323S

7.62 X 51 NATO (308 Win.) Part 2 (Critical caliber) US Fal -G3 -Galil - etc... To 2800 / 853 147 M80 or DM111

5.45 X 39 RU Russian AK74 – AN94 To 2920 / 890 53 7-N-10

5.8 X 42 CN China QBZ 95 – QBZ 95 B To 3050 / 930 72 DBP-10

5,56 X 45 Part 1 (Critical caliber) US Nato rifles To 3150 / 960 62 M855 A1 0r DM31

7.62 X 39 RU AK types To 2395 / 730 122 - 123 57-BZ-231

7.62 X 54 R RU SVD Dragunov type To 2820 / 859 148 ST-M2 - 7-BZ-3

7.62 X 51 (.30 Nato) Part 2 (Critical caliber) US Nato rifles To 2800 / 854 150 M61

5.45 X 39 RU Russian AK74 – AN94 To 2920 / 890 53 7-N-10

7.62 X 39 Part 1 (Critical caliber) RU AK47 – AKM all types To 2395 / 730 122 - 123 57-BZ-231

7.62 X 54R Part 2 (Critical caliber) RU SVD Sniping rifle To 2740 / 835 148 ST-M2 - 7-BZ-3

Fragments explosion Simulation explosion To 2750 / 838 17 grains Steel fragments

12.7 X 99 (.50 BMG ) Part 1 (Critical caliber) US Barrett rifle To 3051 / 930 43 grams M33 AP

12.7 X 108 (.50) RU KSVK - OSV 98 Rifle To 2495 / 760 48 grams 7N34

14.5 X 114 Part 2 (Critical caliber) RU ISTIGLAL T0 2989 / 911 64 grams B32 API

Glock Cal. 45 GAP Colt Cal. 45 ACP SIG Sauer P226 Cal. 40 S & W

Steyr M-A1 Cal. 357 SIG max. Tokarev TT33 Cal. 7.62 X 25 Mini Uzi Cal. 9mm Luger

Revolver S & W Cal. 357 Magnum EAA Cal. 38 Súper Auto Beretta M92 Cal. 9mm Luger

Tokarev TT-33 Cal. 7,62 X 25 FSJ Revolver S & W Cal. 44 Magnum FMJ-FN QCW-95 Cal. 5.8 X 21 FMJ

At the same speed, and with 124/125 grains bullet, the 9mm has more penetration in the soft material

Bullets types : EN-1063 levels BR2 – BR3 – BR4 & VPAM level 2 – 3 – 4 Not in use in Africa - Latin America & South East Asia

Baikrich PDW Half bullpup FN Five-SeveN pistol

4.6 X 30 HK 5.6 BMP 9mm Luger comparison 5.7 X 28 FN

DE PDW HK MP7 Cal. 4.6 X 30 RU Yarygin Pistol Cal. 9mm PBP 9 X 21 BE PDW P90 Cal. 5.7 X 28

New PDW ammo Cal. 5/6 BMP (Baikrich Magnum Parabellum)

Sputnik

RU Assault Rifle AK 74 Cal. 5.45 X 39 BE Assault Rifle FN SCAR Cal 5.56 X 45 DM31 & SS109

CN Assault rifle QBZ-95 cal. 5,8 X 42 US Assault Rifle M4 cal 5.56 X 45 M193

Cal. 7.62 X 39 (57-N-231) M43 MSC Cal. 7.62 X 54R ( 57-N-3235) Cal. 7.62 X 51 Nato (M80)

RU Assault rifle Kalashnikov AK47 Cal. 7.62 X 39 M43 MSC RU Sniper rifle SVD Dragunov Cal. 7.62 X 54R

DDE Assault Rifle HK G3 Cal. 7.62 X 51 DM111 BE Assault Rifle FN FAL Cal. 7.62 X 51 M80

US M14 A1 Cal. 7.62 X 51 ISR Assault Rifle Galil Cal.7.62 X 51

7.62 X 54 R B32 API 7.62 X 39 API BZ 5.45 X 39 BT 5.8 X 42 DBP-10 5,56 X 45 M855 A1 7.62 X 51 M61 338 LM AP485

US Accuracy International Sniper rifle Caliber 7.62 Nato - 338 Lapua Magnum (8.6X70) “Option”

US Barrett Sniper rifle Caliber .50 (12.7 X 99 BMG)

RU OSV-96 Sniper rifle Caliber .50 (12.7 X 108)

RU Istiglal Sniper rifle Caliber 14.5mm (14.5 X 108)