Panametrics Thickness Gage 25_Manual

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VNMJOMV^ OLNLMQWARRANTY

The Model 25 Ultrasonic Gage has been designed and manufactured as a precision instru-ment. Under normal working conditions it will provide long, trouble-free service.

Damage in transit - Inspect the unit thoroughly immediately upon receipt for evidence ofexternal or internal damage that may have occurred during shipment. Notify the carriermaking the delivery immediately of any damage, since the carrier is normally liable fordamage in shipment. Preserve packing materials, waybills, and other shipping documenta-tion in order to establish damage claims. After notifying the carrier, contact PanametricsJkaq so that we may assist in the damage claims, and provide replacement equipment, ifnecessary.

PanametricsJkaq guarantees the Model 25 to be free from defects in materials and work-manship for a period of two years (twenty-four months) from date of shipment. The war-ranty only covers equipment that has been used in a proper manner as described in thisinstruction manual and has not been subjected to excessive abuse, attempted unauthorizedrepair, or modification. DURING THIS WARRANTY PERIOD, PANAMETRICSJkaqLIABILITY IS STRICTLY LIMITED TO REPAIR OR REPLACEMENT OF ADEFECTIVE UNIT AT ITS DISCRETION. PanametricsJkaq does not warrant the Model25 to be suitable for intended use, and assumes no responsibility for unsuitability forintended use. PanametricsJkaq accepts no liability for consequential or incidental dam-ages including damage to property and/or personal injury.This warranty does not include the transducer, transducer cable, charger, or battery. Thecustomer will pay shipping expense to the PanametricsJkaq plant for warranty repair;PanametricsJkaq will pay for the return of the repaired equipment. (For instruments notunder warranty, the customer will pay shipping expenses both ways.)PanametricsJkaq offers an optional third year warranty coverage, under the same terms, atthe time of purchase.

PanametricsJkaq reserves the right to modify all products without incurring the responsi-bility for modifying previously manufactured products. PanametricsJkaq does not assumeany liability for the results of particular installations, as these circumstances are not withinour control.

THE WARRANTIES SET FORTH HEREIN ARE EXCLUSIVE AND ARE IN LIEU OFALL OTHER WARRANTIES WHETHER STATUTORY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED(INCLUDING WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PAR-TICULAR PURPOSE, AND WARRANTIES ARISING FROM COURSE OF DEALINGOR USAGE OR TRADE.)jlabi=OR P

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VNMJOMV^ OLNLMQ TABLE OF CONTENTS

TABLE OF CONTENTS .............................................................................................. 51 GENERAL INFORMATION...................................................................................... 92 BASIC OPERATION................................................................................................. 11

2.1 Initial Setup......................................................................................................... 112.2 Basic Operation .................................................................................................. 12

3 SETUP AND CALIBRATION .................................................................................. 133.1 Choosing a Default or User-Defined Setup ........................................................ 133.2 Calibration .......................................................................................................... 14

3.2.1 Velocity and Zero Calibration .................................................................. 143.2.2 Velocity Calibration Only ........................................................................ 163.2.3 Zero Calibration Only............................................................................... 17

3.3 Custom Setups .................................................................................................... 183.3.1 Creating a Custom Setup .......................................................................... 19

4 GAGE FEATURES .................................................................................................... 234.1 High/Low Alarm................................................................................................. 234.2 Auto Shutoff ....................................................................................................... 244.3 Beeper Tone........................................................................................................ 254.4 Thickness Display Blank or Hold....................................................................... 254.5 Calibration Lock ................................................................................................. 254.6 Differential Display ............................................................................................ 264.7 Language............................................................................................................. 284.8 Measurement Display Update Rate .................................................................... 284.9 Minimum Thickness Display.............................................................................. 304.10 Maximum Thickness Display........................................................................... 324.11 Decimal Point ................................................................................................... 334.12 Measurement Reset........................................................................................... 334.13 Master Reset ..................................................................................................... 344.14 Thickness Resolution........................................................................................ 34

5 SCREEN DISPLAY FORMATS............................................................................... 375.1 Backlight............................................................................................................. 375.2 Contrast............................................................................................................... 385.3 Measurement Screen........................................................................................... 38

5.3.1 Measured Thickness Value Area.............................................................. 38jlabi=OR =R

OLNLMQ VNMJOMV^5.3.2 First Status Line........................................................................................ 385.3.3 Second Status Line ................................................................................... 395.3.4 Fourth Status Line .................................................................................... 39

5.4 Calibration Screen .............................................................................................. 405.4.1 Calibration Thickness Value Area............................................................ 405.4.2 First Status Line........................................................................................ 415.4.3 Fourth Status Line .................................................................................... 41

5.5 Application Setup Screens.................................................................................. 415.5.1 Application Setup List .............................................................................. 415.5.2 Setup Parameter List................................................................................. 425.5.3 PC Scope Screen Format .......................................................................... 43

5.6 View/Set Screen.................................................................................................. 445.7 Special Mode Screens......................................................................................... 45

5.7.1 Special Mode Selection Screen ................................................................ 455.7.2 Parameter or Function Screen .................................................................. 46

5.8 Status Screen....................................................................................................... 465.9 Error Help Screen ............................................................................................... 46

6 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS ........................................................................... 496.1 Measurement Mode ............................................................................................ 496.2 Calibration .......................................................................................................... 516.3 Application Setups.............................................................................................. 516.4 General................................................................................................................ 546.5 Battery and Charger............................................................................................ 546.6 Special Gage Functions ...................................................................................... 55

7 BATTERY ................................................................................................................... 577.1 Low Battery ........................................................................................................ 577.2 Charging Batteries .............................................................................................. 577.3 Changing Battery Pack ....................................................................................... 577.4 Optional Battery Pack......................................................................................... 58

8 THEORY OF OPERATION ..................................................................................... 599 APPLICATIONS NOTES.......................................................................................... 63

9.1 Measurement Mode ............................................................................................ 639.2 Transducer Selection .......................................................................................... 649.3 Factors Affecting Performance and Accuracy.................................................... 649.4 Couplants ............................................................................................................ 679.5 High Temperature Measurements....................................................................... 67S jlabi=OR

VNMJOMV^ OLNLMQ9.6 Cable Lengths ..................................................................................................... 689.7 Waveform Displays Via PC Scope..................................................................... 689.8 Pulser/Receiver and Gating Adjustments ........................................................... 68

9.8.1 Pulser Power............................................................................................. 699.8.2 Maximum Gain......................................................................................... 699.8.3 Initial Gain................................................................................................ 699.8.4 Main Bang Blank...................................................................................... 709.8.5 Echo Window ........................................................................................... 709.8.6 Detect Mode ............................................................................................. 719.8.7 Echo 1 Detect, Echo 2 Detect................................................................... 719.8.8 Interface Blank ......................................................................................... 719.8.9 Mode 3 Echo Blank .................................................................................. 729.8.10 TDG Slope.............................................................................................. 72

10 MAINTENANCE & TROUBLESHOOTING ....................................................... 7310.1 Basic Maintenance............................................................................................ 7310.2 Transducers....................................................................................................... 7310.3 Battery Care ...................................................................................................... 7410.4 Error Messages ................................................................................................. 7410.5 Battery and Charger Problems.......................................................................... 7410.6 Measurement Problems .................................................................................... 7410.7 Diagnostic Self Tests ........................................................................................ 75

10.7.1 Display Test............................................................................................ 7510.7.2 Keyboard Test ........................................................................................ 7510.7.3 Hardware Test ........................................................................................ 75

10.8 Software Upgrades............................................................................................ 7610.9 Customer Service.............................................................................................. 7610.10 Repair Service................................................................................................. 7610.11 Replacement Parts & Accessories .................................................................. 76

APPENDIX ISOUND VELOCITIES ..................................................................... 77 APPENDIX IIPC SCOPE INTERFACE ............................................................... 81 APPENDIX IIIKEYBOARD FUNCTIONS .......................................................... 83jlabi=OR =T

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VNMJOMV^ OLNLMQ1 GENERAL INFORMATION

The Panametrics-NDTTM Model 25 is a hand-held ultrasonic thickness gage. This precisionmicroprocessor-based instrument uses pulse-echo techniques to measure material thick-ness when both sides of the test material are not easily accessible. The gage also measuressound velocity and pulse transit time in most solids and liquids.

The Model 25 uses three (3) modes of operation with contact, delay line, and immersiontransducers. It also includes a feature called Application Auto-Recall, which allows bothStandard Default and Custom Stored Application Setups. In general, one of the seven (7)Default Transducer Setups is adequate for most applications. However, if your applicationrequires a special setup, the Model 25 offers five (5) Custom Setup locations that may beprogrammed by the user or by PanametricsJkaq.

The Model 25 is equipped with a serial communications port for connecting the gage toeither a DOS PC Scope program or new WIN25DL PC Scope software. Both programsallow the user to make adjustments to transducer setups while viewing the RF Waveforms.Other features include:

Thickness range: 0.003-20.000" (0.080-500mm), dependent on material and transducer type

Backlit display High-Low Alarm functions Differential Mode Maximum Resolution of 0.0001" (0.001mm) Display HOLD/BLANK mode Long battery life Measurement in Inches or Millimeters with instant conversion Multiple Languages (English, French, German, Spanish) MIN/MAX Mode Optional RF Waveform Oscilloscope output to your computer Rugged case and a sealed keypad that is color-coded and provides tactile and

audible feedback Semi-automatic keyboard calibration Internal Self-Test Modes Calibration lockout function to prevent accidental change to calibration or

measurement mode

In addition, special prompts inform the user of instrument conditions such as: active trans-ducer type and setup, low battery, loss of signal, calibration mode, alarms, and differentialmode.

PanametricsJkaq offers a variety of broadband contact, delay line and immersion trans-ducers for use with the Model 25 to permit optimum application of the gage on most engi-neering materials. For applications assistance, please consult PanametricsJkaq or refer tojlabi=OR m~=NJV

OLNLMQ VNMJOMV^Table 6-1 on page 6-4 of this manual for a list of Default Transducer Setups and approxi-mate thickness ranges.m~=NJNM jlabi=OR

VNMJOMV^ OLNLMQ2 BASIC OPERATION

The purpose of this section is to demonstrate how to create basic thickness measurementswith the Model 25 gage. The unit ships from the factory containing default conditions forthe transducer(s) you have purchased. Parameters may be changed after becoming familiarwith the more sophisticated gage features.

2.1 Initial Setup

Follow the initial setup procedure when operating the gage for the first time, in addition tousing the default settings and test block included with the gage. To begin the initial setup:

1. Plug the transducer cable into the transducer connector located on the top panel ofthe Model 25.

2. Connect the transducer to the other end of the cable.

3. Press the [ON/OFF] key to turn the gage on.Ensure that the probe type shown in the initial startup screen matches the trans-ducer you have attached to the gage. This part number is engraved on the back orside of the transducer.

Note: If the probe type does not match the transducer, please refer to Sec-tion 3.1 of this manual.

Approximately 3 seconds after the gage is turned on the following screen will appear:

4. The current units are indicated on the right side of the display. To alternate mea-surement units between inches (IN) and millimeters (MM) press the [IN/MM]key. The gage is now ready to make measurements based on the default settingsand included test block.jlabi=OR m~=OJNN

OLNLMQ VNMJOMV^Note: The initial setup is not a substitute for doing a proper calibration.For materials other than the included test block, see Section 3 -Setup and Calibration.

2.2 Basic Operation

1. Apply couplant to the test block or material where measurements will be taken.

In general, smooth material surfaces allow the use of thinner couplants such aspropylene glycol, glycerin, or water. Rough surfaces require more viscous cou-plant such as gel or grease. For a list of available couplants, see Section 9.4.

2. Press the tip of the transducer onto the surface of the material. Use moderate tofirm pressure and keep the transducer as flat as possible on the materials surface.

3. Read the material thickness on the gage display.

Note: For highest accuracy, the user must perform both a velocity andzero calibration procedure. (Refer to Section 3 - Setup and Calibra-tion.)m~=OJNO jlabi=OR

VNMJOMV^ OLNLMQ3 SETUP AND CALIBRATION

The Model 25 has the ability to use a variety of transducers through the Auto-ApplicationRecall feature. Stored within the gage are seven (7) Pre-Defined and five (5) User-Definedapplication setups that provide maximum flexibility for a wide range of applications. ThePre-Defined setups always remain in the gage as defaults and cannot be removed. Thissection discusses how to choose an appropriate stored transducer setup and how to cali-brate the Model 25 for a specific application.

3.1 Choosing a Default or User-Defined Setup

1. Select a transducer for the desired application and connect it to the gage.

Note: To determine an appropriate transducer, please refer to Section 6.3,Table 6.1Setup Name and Application. Use the table as a guide-line only; exact thickness ranges will vary depending on the appli-cation.

2. While the gage is in the Measure mode, press [RECALL SETUP]. The followingscreen will appear:

3. Use the [ ] and [ ] keys to scroll through the available stored setups until thecorrect setup for the application is highlighted. A complete list of the availablechoices is as follows:

ACTIVEDEF-M116DEF-M112DEF-M110DEF-M106DEF-M1016DEF3-M202DEF2P-M202USER-1USER-2USER-3USER-4

DEF-M106jlabi=OR m~=PJNP

OLNLMQ VNMJOMV^USER-5

Note: The setups listed as USER-1 through USER-5 may be renamed forspecial applications (see Section 3.3Custom Setups). For a completedescription see Section 9Application Notes.

4. Once the correct setup is highlighted, press [MEAS]. This action automaticallyrecalls the setup parameters for the chosen setup and brings the user back to the mea-sure screen. Begin taking measurements.

3.2 Calibration

Calibration is the process of adjusting the gage, prior to testing, to a known referencevalue for a specific material and transducer. Calibrating the gage is always necessarybefore measuring specific material by one of the methods described below. Remember,the gages measurement accuracy is only as good as the calibration that is performed.

The Model 25 calibration procedure falls into one of the following three (3) categories:1. Velocity and Zero Calibration

2. Velocity Calibration Only

3. Zero Calibration Only

Note: In sections 3.2.13.2.3, the following notes are applicable:

* If a mistake is made or any problem is experienced during the calibra-tion, press [MEAS] and begin again at Step 1.

* If the prompt "LOCK" appears on the display instead of "CAL" aftercompleting Step 2, unlock the calibration by following the steps below: Press [2nd F], [IN/MM] (SP Mode). Use the [ ] and [ ] keys to select SP-2 (Gage Setup). Press [Enter]. Use the [ ] and [ ] keys to select CAL LOCK. Use the [ ] and [ ] keys to select ON.Repeat steps 1 and 2.

Warning: Save all changes made to Active Setups. Unsaved data will belost when a different application setup is recalled.

3.2.1 Velocity and Zero Calibration

Velocity and Zero Calibration find both sound velocity and zero offset when neither ofthese are known to the gage operator. This calibration process requires two pieces of testm~=PJNQ jlabi=OR

VNMJOMV^ OLNLMQmaterial of known thickness values, and are within the measurement range of both thetransducer and setup specifications (refer to Section 6.3, Table 6.1).One of the test materials must be thicker than the other. The thicker piece, used to measurevelocity, should be equal to or greater than the upper range of thickness to be measured.The thinner piece, used for the zero offset, should be equal to or less than the lower rangeof minimum thickness to be measured. To calibrate for the thickness range represented bythese test samples, follow the steps below:

1. Turn the gage on and wait for the Measure Screen display.

2. Place a drop of couplant on the surface of the thicker material sample, and couplethe transducer to the sample using moderate to firm pressure. A thickness readingshould appear on the display and the LOS prompt in the upper right corner of thedisplay will go off.

3. When a stable reading is on the display and the LOS prompt is off, press the[CAL] key and observe the CAL (calibration) prompt that appears on the display.

4. Remain coupled to the test piece and ensure that there is still a stable reading onthe display, then press [VEL]. Now the CAL and VEL prompts should appear onthe display indicating a velocity calibration.

5. Remove the transducer from the sample. The thickness value will remain on thedisplay.

6. Using the [ ] and [ ] keys on the gage, enter the actual known thickness of thetest material.

7. Put a drop of liquid couplant onto the thin material sample and couple the trans-ducer to it using moderate to firm pressure.

8. Press [CAL]. A thickness reading will appear on the display.9. Remain coupled to the test piece and ensure that there is a stable reading on the

display, then press [ZERO]. Now the CAL and ZERO prompt should appear onthe display indicating a zero calibration.


11. Using the [ ] and [ ] keys, enter the actual known thickness of the test material.12. Press the [MEAS] key to finalize the calibration.

The user may LOCK the calibrated readings to ensure it is not accidently erased. (Referto Section 4.5Calibration Lock.) Follow the instructions below:

1. Press [2nd F], [IN/MM] (SP Mode).2. Use the [ ] and [ ] keys to select SP-2 (Gage Setup). Press [Enter].jlabi=OR m~=PJNR

OLNLMQ VNMJOMV^3. Use the [ ] and [ ] keys to select CAL LOCK.4. Use the [ ] and [ ] keys to select ON.

3.2.2 Velocity Calibration Only

The Velocity Calibration Only procedure may be used when the gage has been calibratedfor a particular transducer/material combination; however, that same transducer will beused with a different material and sound velocity. The procedure requires test material ofknown thickness, equal to or greater than the upper range of thickness to be measured. Tocalibrate for the thickness range represented by this test sample, follow the steps below:


2. Place a drop of couplant on the surface of the test material, and couple the trans-ducer to the sample using moderate to firm pressure. A thickness reading shouldappear on the display and the LOS prompt in the upper right corner of the displaywill go off.

3. When a stable reading is on the display and the LOS prompt is off, press the[CAL] key and observe the CAL prompt that appears on the display.

4. Remain coupled to the test piece and ensure that there is still a stable reading onthe display, then press [VEL]. Now the CAL and VEL prompts should appear onthe display indicating a velocity calibration.


6. Using the [ ] and [ ] keys, enter the actual known thickness of the sample beingmeasured.

7. Press [MEAS] to finalize calibration.The user may LOCK the calibrated readings to ensure it is not accidently erased. (Referto Section 4.5Calibration Lock.) Follow the instructions below:

1. Press [2nd F], [IN/MM] (SP Mode).2. Use the [ ] and [ ] keys to select SP-2 (Gage Setup). Press [Enter].3. Use the [ ] and [ ] keys to select CAL LOCK.4. Use the [ ] and [ ] keys to select ON.

If the sound velocity of the test material is known, that velocity may be entered directly.Follow the procedure below to enter a known velocity:


2. Press the [VEL] key. The Velocity prompt will be displayed. The gage will dis-play the sound velocity to which it is presently calibrated.m~=PJNS jlabi=OR

VNMJOMV^ OLNLMQ3. Using the [ ] and [ ] keys, enter the desired velocity.4. Press [MEAS] to save the new velocity in the gage.

3.2.3 Zero Calibration Only

Use the Zero Calibration Only procedure when the gage is calibrated for a particular trans-ducer/material combination, but the transducer is replaced and the test material remainsthe same.

Note: If a transducer is changed after calibration to a different type of trans-ducer, refer to Section 3.2 and then repeat Section 3.2.1.

The Zero Calibration Only procedure requires test material of known thickness, preferablynear the lower end of the desired measurement range, but not below the gages minimummeasurement range for both the transducer and setup specifications. To calibrate for thethickness range represented by this test sample, follow the steps below:


2. Place a drop of couplant on the surface of the material sample, and couple thetransducer to the sample using moderate to firm pressure. A thickness readingshould appear on the display and the LOS prompt in the upper right corner of thedisplay will go off.

3. When a stable reading is on the display and the LOS prompt is off, press the[CAL] key and observe the CAL prompt that appears on the display.

4. Remain coupled to the test piece and ensure that there is still a stable reading onthe display, then press [ZERO]. Now the prompt CAL and ZERO should appearon the display indicating a zero calibration. Remove the transducer from the sam-ple. The thickness value will remain on the display.

5. Using the [ ] and [ ] keys, enter the actual known thickness of the sample beingmeasured.

6. Press [MEAS] to finalize the calibration. The user may LOCK the calibrated readings to ensure it is not accidently erased. (Referto Section 4.5Calibration Lock.) Follow the instructions below:

1. Press [2nd F], [IN/MM] (SP Mode).2. Use the [ ] and [ ] keys to select SP-2 (Gage Setup). Press [Enter].3. Use the [ ] and [ ] keys to select CAL LOCK.4. Use the [ ] and [ ] keys to select ON.jlabi=OR m~=PJNT

OLNLMQ VNMJOMV^If the zero offset number for a particular transducer is known, it may be entered directly.To determine the zero number for a given transducer, calibrate the gage according to theprocedure in Section 3.2.1 or 3.2.3 above, and press the [ZERO] key to read the zero off-set number. Record this number for each probe used for future reference.

Note: The same transducer cable lengths must be used in order to maintainaccuracy of the zero offset number recorded for each probe. This ruleis especially true when using cable lengths over 10 ft. (approximately3 Meters) in 0.0001" or 0.001mm resolution.

To enter a known zero offset number, use the following procedure:


2. Press the [ZERO] key to display the ZERO prompt. The gage will display the zerooffset number to which it is presently calibrated.

3. Using the [ ] and [ ] keys, enter the desired zero offset.4. Press [MEAS] to enter the new zero offset into the gage.

3.3 Custom Setups

The Model 25 contains five (5) User-Defined setups for custom applications that cannotbe measured with one of the seven (7) Pre-Defined setups. The gage may need adjust-ments to achieve optimum performance for certain special or custom applications. Thissection describes how to create and store new customized setups that are convenientlyaccessible and flexible.

Note: Adjustments to the Pulser/Receiver should be made only by a qual-ified technician who is familiar with the basic theory of UltrasonicGaging and the interpretation of Ultrasonic Waveforms. Many ofthese adjustments effect the range and/or measurement accuracy ofthe Model 25. Adjustments should not be attempted without the useof a 25SM (PC Scope accessory) to monitor Waveforms.

Uniquely, PC Scope allows the operator to view the Waveforms ona regular PC and does not require the use of an oscilloscope. For fur-ther information on how to use PC Scope, refer to the 25SM orWin25DL User Manual.

Panametrics-NDT also offers free applications assistance from our Applications Lab. Thelab is able to provide sample evaluations and specific custom parameter settings for spe-cial applications.m~=PJNU jlabi=OR

VNMJOMV^ OLNLMQ3.3.1 Creating a Custom Setup

1. Connect the 25SM Scope monitor box to the Model 25 and the PC. Run the DOSPC Scope or Win25DL software. (Refer to the 25SM or Win25DL User Manualfor instructions.)

2. Press [RECALL SETUP] from the Measure screen to bring up the ApplicationSetup screen.

3. Use the [ ] and [ ] keys to select one of the Pre-Defined setups that matches thetransducer type, or Frequency and Diameter of the selected transducer.

4. Press [ENTER] and the Detailed Setup Screen will be displayed:

5. If PC Scope is not being used, press the [ ] and [ ] keys to select individual setupparameters. After selecting a parameter, continue to Step 6.

If PC Scope is being used, press [RECALL SETUP] to enter the PC Scope modeas shown on the screen sample below:

Use the [ ] and [ ] keys to select individual setup parameters. After selecting aparameter, continue to Step 6. The following is a list of the available parametersthat are adjustable.

DEF-M106jlabi=OR m~=PJNV

OLNLMQ VNMJOMV^SetupName MBBlnkProbeType EchWindowMatlVel DtectModeZero Ech1DtectPulserPWR Ech2DtectMaxGain I/FBlnkInitGain M3EchBlnkTDGSlope

6. The operator may change the selected parameter by using available keystrokesshown in the Available Keys Field at the bottom of the display. See examplesbelow:

The two examples above show the available arrow options. The [ ] and [ ] keysselect a parameter while the [ ] and [ ] keys change the value of a parameter. Insome cases the [ENTER] key also allows changing parameters.These are just two examples of many adjustable parameters however, they all fol-low the same type of format. All available keys appear on the bottom of the screen.

Note: Once all parameters have been adjusted for a new application, storethe setup so that it may be recalled at any time. If an adjusted setupis not stored it will be deleted when another setup is selected. The userwill have to manually change the parameters again.

7. Press [2nd F], [RECALL SETUP] (Save Setup) to store the modified setup whileeither the Application Setup list or the Setup Parameter list is displayed.

The second line of this screen shows the name of the original setup used to createthe custom setup (unless the Setup Name parameter has been changed). Use theediting keys, shown in the middle of the screen, to change the Save_As: name toa new name. The gage will use the new name to store and recall this custom appli-cation setup.

Available keys field Available keys fieldm~=PJOM jlabi=OR

VNMJOMV^ OLNLMQ8. After creating a new name, press [ENTER] to confirm the name. Press [MEAS] atany time to return to the previous screen without changing the setup name or stor-ing the setup.

Note: If you create a new custom setup, but dont change the name, the newsetup will have the same name as the previous setup.

9. After the new name is confirmed the following screen will be displayed:

The third line of this screen highlights the name of a custom setup location, whichwill be replaced by the new setup. Select a custom setup location to overwrite thenew custom setup by using the [ ] or [ ] keys.

Note: All the USER-N locations are just place-holders that only repeat thedefault setup information, so they can be safely overwritten. Over-writing any of the DEF-XXX default setups is impossible.

10. Press [ENTER] to store the specified setup name in place of the specified location,or press the [MEAS] key to escape without storing the setup.jlabi=OR m~=PJON

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VNMJOMV^ OLNLMQ4 GAGE FEATURES

The Model 25 has additional thickness measurement features other than those discussed inSection 2 and 3 that make the gage a reliable, versatile instrument. This section outlineseach features benefits and functionality.

4.1 High/Low Alarm

The Alarm feature provides a warning for the operator when a thickness reading goesabove or below a programmable thickness level. These levels are known as Setpoint Val-ues. The Alarm must be turned on from the gages Alarm Measure Mode in order for thisfeature to work. When the alarm is activated and a displayed reading (actual, minimum, ormaximum) extends beyond the designated range, an alarm condition occurs soundingaudible beeps and visual indicators. The audible beep stops during LOS.

The image below shows an example of a visual indicator when a low measure alarm con-dition occurs. A LOW or HIGH message on the bottom of the screen replaces thestandard ALRM indicator.

To view and/or change the Alarm Setpoint Values:1. Press the [ALARM] key from any Measure mode. The existing Low Alarm Set-

point Value will be displayed with the word LOW indicated. Use the [ ] and[ ] keys to change the value.

2. Press the [ALARM] key again to display the existing High Alarm Setpoint Value.Use the [ ] and [ ] keys to change the value, or press [ENTER] to accept it. Ifthe first number entered is higher than the following number, the gage will intu-itively interpret the lower number as the Low Alarm Setpoint Value and the highervalue as the High Alarm Setpoint Value.jlabi=OR m~=QJOP

OLNLMQ VNMJOMV^Also note that Alarm Setpoint Values entered in one system of units (i.e. metric orinches) will be displayed as the closest equivalent value if an alternate unit isselected.

3. Press [MEAS] while in the view/set Alarm Setpoint Value mode to select theAlarm Measure, Minimum Alarm Measure, or Maximum Alarm Measure mode.

Note: If the previous mode was a Differential Measure mode, then press-ing the [ALARM] key will then disable the Differential mode.

4. Press [ALARM] to disable alarms while in an Alarm Measure mode.

4.2 Auto Shutoff

By default, the gage turns off automatically after about five minutes when the gageremains idle. This safety feature prevents the battery from running low if the gage is leftunattended for a long period of time without being turned off. The shutoff time period maybe set from 6 to 18 minutes, or disabled entirely.

To view or change the Auto Shutoff parameters:1. Press [2nd F], [IN/MM] (SP Mode) to display a list of Special Modes.2. Change the Auto Shutoff time period:

a. Use the [ ] and [ ] keys to select SP-2 (Gage Setup). Press [ENTER].b. Use the [ ] and [ ] keys to select Inactive Time.m~=QJOQ jlabi=OR

VNMJOMV^ OLNLMQc. Use the [ ] or [ ] keys to change the Inactive Time between OFF, 6 MIN,12 MIN, or 18 MIN.

3. Disable the auto shutoff by choosing OFF for the Inactive Time parameter.

4. Press the [MEAS] key to return to the Measure mode.

4.3 Beeper Tone

The Beeper sounds when any keys on the gage are pressed and certain actions occur. Bydefault the Beeper is enabled (turned on). If the Beeper is not desired, it may be disabled.

To enable or disable beeper tone:1. Press [2nd F], [IN/MM] (SP mode) to display a list of Special Modes.2. Use the [ ] and [ ] keys to select SP-2 (Gage Setup). Press [ENTER].3. Use the [ ] and [ ] keys to select Beeper and use the [ ] or [ ] keys to choose

ON or OFF.

4. Press [MEAS] to return to the Measure mode.

4.4 Thickness Display Blank or Hold

By default, the gage blanks its last measured and displayed thickness value when LOS(Loss of Signal) occurs (Blank mode). In other words, when the gage stops reading a sig-nal the screen will not show any thickness reading, thus appearing blank. The Hold func-tion (Hold mode), on the other hand, freezes the last measured thickness even when LOSoccurs.

To change to the Hold mode from the Blank mode:

1. Press [2nd F], [IN/MM] (SP mode).2. Use the [ ] and [ ] keys to select SP-2 (Gage Setup). Press [ENTER].3. Use the [ ] and [ ] keys to select HOLD/BLANK.4. Use the [ ] or [ ] keys to change between Hold and Blank.

4.5 Calibration Lock

The Calibration Lock protects calibration values such as Velocity, Zero, and Applicationsetups so they cannot be altered, but may be viewed. However, all other gage setups canstill be changed.

To enable the Calibration Lock:1. Press [2nd F], [IN/MM] (SP Mode).jlabi=OR m~=QJOR

OLNLMQ VNMJOMV^2. Use the [ ] and [ ] keys to select SP-2 (Gage Setup). Press [Enter].3. Use the [ ] and [ ] keys to select CAL LOCK.4. Use the [ ] and [ ] keys to select ON. The Calibration Lock prompt, LOCK,

will be displayed in the second field of the first status line indicating that the Cali-bration Lock is active.

5. Press [MEAS] to remove the Calibration Lock prompt.

4.6 Differential Display

The Differential Thickness display shows a thickness reading as the difference between theactual Measured Thickness and a user set Differential Reference Value as defined below:

(Differential Thickness) = (Measured Thickness) - (Differential Reference Value)

Differential Thickness: Allows the user to view and change a DifferentialReference Value, and also to select the display of theDifferential Thickness.

Differential Reference Value: The units and resolution of the Differential ReferenceValue and the Differential Thickness are the same asthose selected for the thickness measurement.

Min Differential Measure Mode: Displays the minimum algebraic value of the Differ-ential Thickness measurements (e.g. -0.030" is lessthan +0.005").

Max Differential Measure Mode: Displays the maximum algebraic value of the Dif-ferential Thickness measurements (e.g. 0.020" isgreater than -0.030").

The following chart shows the different thickness readings derived from the samesequence of four measurements when Differential, Min Differential, and Max Differentialmeasure modes are selected.m~=QJOS jlabi=OR

VNMJOMV^ OLNLMQTo view, set, or change the Differential Reference Value:1. Press the [2nd F], [ALARM] (DIFF) key while in the Measure, Min Measure,

Max Measure, or Alarm Measure Mode. A screen titled DIFFERENTIAL willdisplay the current Differential Reference Value, which may be changed using the[ ] and [ ] keys. The Differential Reference Value display is shown below:

2. To select the Differential Measure mode from the Set/View Differential mode,press [MEAS]. If the gage was in the Measure or Alarm Measure mode before [2nd F],

[ALARM] (DIFF) was pressed, the Differential Measure Mode will be selected.

If the gage was in the Min Measure or Max Measure mode, the Min Differen-tial Measure or the Max Differential Measure mode will be selected.

Differential Measure modes are indicated by the word MEAS in the fourth fieldof the first status line and the word DIFF in the third field of the bottom statusline.

Note: Differential Measure and Alarm Measure are mutually exclusivemodes and cannot co-exist in the gage.

Measured Thickness

Differential Reference

Value

Differential Thickness

Min. Diff. Thickness

Max. Diff. Thickness

0.070" 0.100" -0.030" -0.030" -0.030"

0.105" 0.100" 0.005" -0.030" 0.005"

0.120" 0.100" 0.020" -0.030" 0.020"

0.085" 0.100" -0.015" -0.030" 0.020"jlabi=OR m~=QJOT

OLNLMQ VNMJOMV^3. Return the gage to the Measure Mode from the Set/View Differential mode orany Differential Measure Mode by pressing the [2nd F], [ALARM] (DIFF) key.The Differential Reference Value will be stored and can be recovered for lateruse.

4.7 Language

English is the default language in the Model 25 gage. However, the user can change thelanguage specification to French, German, or Spanish. When a language other thanEnglish is specified, most text will be shown in the specified language, although some textwill remain in English.

To change the default language:1. Press [2nd F], [IN/MM] (SP Mode).2. Use the [ ] and [ ] keys to select SP-2 (Gage Setup). Press [ENTER].3. Use the [ ] and [ ] keys to select the Language option and use the [ ] or [ ]

keys to select another language.

4. Press [MEAS] to return to the Measure mode.

4.8 Measurement Display Update Rate

The rate at which the measured thickness value is updated on the display may be adjustedbetween 1, 2, 5, or 10 measurements per second, averaging with or without QBAR (seeNote below). The default measurement rate is 2 measurements per second.m~=QJOU jlabi=OR

VNMJOMV^ OLNLMQNote: Averaging is used for the highest degree of accuracy/stability. Afive measurement running average is calculated and displayed at a10 measurement per second rate.

The QBAR (quality bar), is an indicator of measurement stabilityshown on the third status line. The length of the QBAR is propor-tional to the measurement stability. A short QBAR indicates rela-tively unstable readings which vary from one to the next. A longQBAR indicates stable readings, that is, readings that do not varyfrom one another. Averaging with QBAR aids in finding optimumtransducer coupling in some applications.

For each measured material a combination of factors affect how fast the least significantdigit of the thickness value changes, such as:

measurement rate setting display resolution transducer type speed of transducer movement

In general, the operator should use a measurement rate and technique that yields a fastresponse to transducer placement and movement without encountering fluctuation fromthe least significant digit.

To display the current Measurement Rate:1. Press [2nd F], [CAL] (MEAS RATE). The rate will be displayed on the second

status line.

2. To change the Measurement Rate, press [ ] or [ ] until the desired rate is shownon the second status line. The available settings are:

Meas Rate = 1/secMeas Rate = 2/secMeas Rate = 5/secMeas Rate = 10/secAveraging - No QBARAveraging - QBAR

Measurements remain active during this time and rate changes occur immediately.

3. To remove the Measurement Rate display, press [MEAS].jlabi=OR m~=QJOV

OLNLMQ VNMJOMV^Note: When high resolution measurements (.0001" or .001mm) areselected, the Measure Rate is temporarily forced into Averaging -No QBAR. When the resolution is changed back to standard orlow, the Measure Rate is restored to its previous value.

When Min or Max Measure is selected, the Measure Rate is tempo-rarily forced to 10/sec. When the Min or Max mode is exited, theMeasure Rate is restored to its previous value.

4.9 Minimum Thickness Display

The Minimum mode (Min mode) determines the smallest thickness measured. This fea-ture is useful when it is important to determine the thinnest reading obtained while makinga series of readings on a test piece.

The Min mode displays the minimum thickness reading when the transducer is uncoupled,but displays the actual measured thickness when the transducer is coupled to the material.This display contrast allows the benefits of real time thickness readout to be combinedwith a minimum hold feature. When the Minimum mode is selected, all functions thatoperate on the thickness reading operate on the displayed data only. Therefore, when thetransducer is in contact the Differential and Alarm functions utilize the actual thicknessbeing displayed rather than the internally held minimum thickness. When the transducer isremoved these functions utilize the displayed minimum thickness.

Note: False minimum readings may appear with the use of excess cou-plant combined with action of lifting the transducer straight upfrom the test piece, particularly on smooth surfaces. The gage actu-ally reads the couplant thickness as the transducer is lifted. Toavoid this problem, apply a small amount of couplant and removethe transducer with a sideways motion.

To select a Min Measure mode from the Measure, Differential Measure, or Alarm Measure mode:

1. Press [2nd F], [IN/MM] (SP mode).2. Use the [ ] or [ ] keys to highlight SP-2 (Gage Setup), and press [ENTER].3. Use the [ ] or [ ] keys to highlight MIN/MAX.4. Use the [ ] or [ ] keys to select MIN ON, and press [MEAS].

a. When the gage is in a Min Measure mode and the actual measured thicknessvalue is being displayed, the word MIN will be displayed steadily in the firstfield of the top status line.m~=QJPM jlabi=OR

VNMJOMV^ OLNLMQb. The numeric display will be blank until the first measurement is made.

5. Select the fastest measurement rate possible in order to capture small minimumthicknesses while scanning with the transducer.

Note: When entering MIN/MAX mode, the update rate will automaticallychange to 10 measurements per second. When the normal measuremode is re-entered, the original measure rate is restored.

6. Press the [MEAS] key to reset the minimum value so a new series of minimummeasurements may be found. The thickness display will blink indicating that theold minimum value has been reset.jlabi=OR m~=QJPN

OLNLMQ VNMJOMV^7. Repeat steps 14 to exit from the Min Measure mode and return to either the Mea-sure, Differential Measure, or Alarm Measure mode.

Warning: For both Minimum and Maximum Thickness Display, scanningwith direct contact transducers on rough surfaces may causeexcessive wear and may shorten transducer life.

4.10 Maximum Thickness Display

The Maximum (Max mode) determines the largest thickness measured. This feature isuseful when determining the thickest reading, among a series of readings, on a test piece.The Max mode displays the maximum reading when the transducer is uncoupled but dis-plays the actual measured thickness when the transducer is coupled to the material. Thisallows the benefits of real time thickness readout to be combined with a maximum holdfeature.

When the Max mode is selected, all functions that normally operate on the thickness read-ing, operate on the displayed data only. Thus in the Max mode, when the transducer is incontact, the Differential and Alarm modes utilize the actual thickness being displayedrather than the internally held maximum thickness. When the transducer is removed, thesemodes utilize the displayed maximum thickness.

To select a Max Measure mode from the Measure, Differential Measure, or Alarm Measure mode:

1. Press [2nd F], [IN/MM] (SP mode).2. Use the [ ] or [ ] keys to highlight SP-2 (Gage Setup), and press [ENTER].3. Use the [ ] or [ ] keys to highlight MIN/MAX.4. Use the [ ] or [ ] keys to select MAX ON, and press [MEAS].

a. When the gage is in a Max measure mode and the actual measured thicknessvalue is being displayed, the word MAX will be displayed steadily in thefirst field of the top status line.

b. The numeric display will be blank until the first measurement is made.

5. Capture maximum thickness values by selecting the fastest measurement ratepossible.

6. Press the [MEAS] key to reset the maximum value so a new series of maximummeasurements may be found. The thickness display will blank indicating that theold maximum value has been reset.

7. Repeat steps 14 to exit from the Max Measure mode and return to either the Mea-sure, Differential Measure, or Alarm Measure mode.m~=QJPO jlabi=OR

VNMJOMV^ OLNLMQ4.11 Decimal Point

By default, the Decimal Point, represented by a period (.), is used for accurate thicknessand velocity values in the Model 25. The operator may choose to use a comma instead ofthe period by changing the parameters.

To change the decimal point to the comma (,):1. Press [2nd F], [IN/MM], (SP Mode).2. Use the [ ] or [ ] keys to select SP-2 (Gage Setup). Press [ENTER].3. Use the [ ] or [ ] keys to select Decimal Point.4. Use the [ ] or [ ] keys to select either the period or comma.5. Press the [MEAS] key to return to the Measure mode.

4.12 Measurement Reset

The Measurement reset restores the gage to the measurement default parameters. Thismay be a useful feature to new operators while becoming familiar with the advanced fea-ture setups, as well as experienced operators to create an efficient short-cut to a knownconfiguration. The measurement calibration and setup is NOT affected by MeasurementReset.

The parameters will reset to the following:

Measure mode with Differential, Min, Max, and Alarms turned off Differential Setpoint Value = 0.0 in. or mm Low Alarm Setpoint Value = 0.0 in. or mm High Alarm Setpoint Value = 20.0 in. or 508.00mm CAL function unlocked Measurement Update Rate = 2 per second Blank thickness display during LOS condition Standard resolution, (.001 in. or .01mm) Backlight off LCD Contrast set to normal Inactive Time = 6 minutes Beeper ON

To perform the Measurement Reset:1. Press [2nd F], [IN/MM] (SP MODE).2. Use the [ ] or [ ] keys to select SP-3 (Gage Reset). Press [ENTER].3. Use the [ ] or [ ] keys to select Measure Reset. Press [ENTER]. The following

screen will be displayed:jlabi=OR m~=QJPP

OLNLMQ VNMJOMV^4. Press the [ENTER] key to confirm the Measure Reset selection, or to go directlyback to the selection screen by pressing [MEAS].(When the [ENTER] key is pressed, a beep and a message Reset Complete con-firms that a Measure Reset has been performed and the reset selection screen isshown.

4.13 Master Reset

The Master Reset function resets all of the gages parameters to default settings. This fea-ture is a powerful tool; use with caution.

To perform a Master Reset:1. Press [2nd F], [IN/MM] (SP MODE).2. Use the [ ] or [ ] keys to select SP-3 (Gage Reset). Press [ENTER].3. Use the [ ] or [ ] keys to select Master Reset. Press [ENTER].4. Press the [ENTER] key to confirm the Master Reset selection, or to go directly

back to the selection screen by pressing [MEAS].(When the [ENTER] key is pressed, a beep and a message Reset Complete con-firms that a Master Reset has been performed and the reset selection screen isshown.

5. Press [MEAS] to return to the Measure mode, or go to the Special mode selectionlist and select Main Special Mode Menu.

Note: After a Master Reset, your last transducer setup remains as theactive setup in the gage.

4.14 Thickness Resolution

Thickness Resolution is the number of thickness value digits shown to the right of the dec-imal point. The user may change these values from the keyboard. There are three resolu-m~=QJPQ jlabi=OR

VNMJOMV^ OLNLMQtions to choose from: Standard (default) .001" (.01mm); High .0001" (.001mm); and Low.01" (.1mm).The resolution selection affects all displays and screen output of values with thicknessunits, including measured thickness, differential reference value, and alarm setpoints.When High Resolution is selected, the Measurement Display Rate is forced to Averag-ing-No QBAR. When the resolution is changed from High Resolution, the MeasurementRate is returned to its status prior to selecting High Resolution. (See Section 4.8Measure-ment Display Update Rate.)

To change the resolution while in any Measure mode:1. Press [2nd F], [VEL] (RESOL). The new resolution is indicated by the position of

the decimal point.jlabi=OR m~=QJPR

OLNLMQ VNMJOMV^This page intentionally left blankm~=QJPS jlabi=OR

VNMJOMV^ OLNLMQ5 SCREEN DISPLAY FORMATS

The Model 25 shows the measured thickness and all other information on a 2.3"W x 1.6"H(58mm x 41mm) Liquid Crystal Display (LCD). The display is readable in normal work-ing conditions, ambient lighting, and a wide range of temperatures. There is a switchableinternal backlight to enable reading the display in low light conditions, as well as a con-trast control to optimize display readability at extreme temperatures and poor lighting.

The screen display is a graphics type, which means that it can display different types ofinformation in different formats. The Model 25 displays information in five basic screenformats.

1. Measurement Screen: Shows the thickness reading in large digits in the center ofthe display surrounded by other measurement information and gage conditions.

2. Calibration Screen: Similar to the Measurement Screen but is for Material Veloc-ity and Zero Calibration.

3. Application Setup Screens (3):a. A list of measurement setups from which the proper setup for particular mea-

surement applications may be chosen.

b. A list of parameter values for each setup, which may be customized forunusual applications.

c. An active thickness measurement and a parameter value that allow changingthe parameter value using the PC Scope.

4. View/Set Screen: Shows the value of a parameter such as Differential Referenceor Velocity in large digits in the center of the display with additional informationon the top and bottom status lines.

5. Special Mode Screens (2): Allows normal gage measurements to be customizedfor special requirements. These screens also allow the gage to be reset to knowndefault conditions and run tests on various internal parts of the gage.

5.1 Backlight

The gage displays the best contrast in bright light. However, the screen is also readable insubdued light or even complete darkness by using the built-in electroluminescent back-light.

To turn on the display backlight:1. Press the key with the light bulb symbol. When the backlight is turned on, a light

bulb symbol on the gage display will appear above the units indicator.

2. The backlight may be switched off by pressing the light bulb key again.jlabi=OR m~=RJPT

PLNLLMM VNMJOMV^Note: To prevent unnecessary drain on the battery, use the backlight onlywhen needed. The backlight turns off when the gage is shut down,and after a Master or Measurement Reset.

5.2 Contrast

Normally, the display contrast requires no adjustment. However, at extreme temperatures,such as below 32F (0C) and above 104F (40C), contrast adjustment may be required.To adjust display contrast:

1. Press [2nd F], [LIGHT BULB] (LCD ADJ).2. Press [ ] to darken the display or [ ] to lighten the display.

To stop adjusting display contrast:1. Press either [MEAS] or [ENTER] to stop the [ ] and [ ] keys from adjusting

contrast.

2. Restore contrast to the default setting by performing a Measurement or MasterReset if desired.

5.3 Measurement Screen

The Measurement Screen is displayed when the Model 25 is in the thickness measuringmode. The Measurement Screen is divided into several fields where particular types ofinformation are located.

5.3.1 Measured Thickness Value Area

The large area in the center of the screen is for displaying the measured thickness valueincluding the selected units and resolution.

5.3.2 First Status Line

The first status line has three (3) fields that are used in the Measurement Screen.1. The basic Measurement Screen differs from other screens such as the PC Scope

and Calibration screens because the second and third fields are blank, and thefourth field contains the prompt MEASN (where N refers to the selected detectionmethod).

2. The rightmost field of the first status line is only used to display the LOS (Loss OfSignal) prompt when the Model 25 cannot detect a signal from the transducer.m~=RJPU jlabi=OR

VNMJOMV^ OLNLMQ3. The leftmost field of the first status line is only used to display the MIN or MAXprompt when the Model 25 is in the Minimum Measure mode or the MaximumMeasure mode.

5.3.3 Second Status Line

When either Measurement Rate or Display Blank/Hold is selected, the status of those twofunctions is shown on the second status line.

5.3.4 Fourth Status Line

The leftmost field of the fourth status line is used to indicate that the [2nd F] key has beenpressed. The Model 25 will interpret the next keystroke according the second functionname printed above the keys on the keypad.

The second field shows the primary available keys for that function.

The third field is used to indicate the following:

The Alarm Measure mode is enabled, (ALRM) The Alarm Measure mode is enabled and the measurement is less than the low

setpoint, (flashing LOW)

MEAS RATE = 2/SECjlabi=OR m~=RJPV

PLNLLMM VNMJOMV^ The Alarm Measure mode is enabled and the measurement is greater than the high setpoint, (flashing HIGH)

The Differential Measure mode is active, (DIFF)The fourth field is used to indicate the occurrence of an operational error. Press [2nd F],[ZERO], (STATUS) for more information when E is displayed here.The rightmost field always shows an estimate of the remaining battery capacity (see Sec-tion 7.2).

5.4 Calibration Screen

The Calibration Screen, similar to the Measurement screen, is used during material samplecalibrations. Please refer to the Calibration Screen below, which shows several field divi-sions where particular information is located.

5.4.1 Calibration Thickness Value Area

The large area in the center of the screen displays the measured or entered thickness valueof the calibration sample(s).m~=RJQM jlabi=OR

VNMJOMV^ OLNLMQ5.4.2 First Status Line

The Calibration Screen uses four of the five first status line fields.

The prompt CAL of the basic Calibration Screen, located in the second field of the first status line, distinguishes itself from other screens such as the PC Scope and Measurement screens.

The third field indicates that VELOCITY or ZERO calibration has been selected.

The fourth field indicates the detection method used to measure the calibration sample material by displaying MEASN (where N is 1, 2, or 3).

The rightmost field of the first status line is only used to display the LOS (Loss Of Signal) prompt when the Model 25 cannot detect a signal from the transducer.

5.4.3 Fourth Status Line

The Calibration Screen uses four of the five fields of the fourth status line.

The leftmost field of the fourth status line indicates that the [2nd F] key has been pressed, and the gage will accept the secondary function from the next key pressed, which is shown above the keys on the keypad.

The second field shows the primary available keys for the selected function. The third field indicates the occurrence of an operational error. Press [2nd F],

[ZERO] (STATUS) for more information when E is displayed here. The rightmost field always shows an estimate of the remaining battery capacity.

5.5 Application Setup Screens

There are three different screens used by the Application Setup function: (1) Setup Selec-tion List, (2) Setup Parameter List, and (3) PC Scope Screen Format. Most users will onlyneed to be familiar with the Setup Selection List in order to choose the proper setup whenchanging to a new measurement application. The Setup Parameter List and PC ScopeScreen Format are only used when custom setups are required for special applications.

5.5.1 Application Setup List

The Application Setup List is the initial screen shown when [SETUP RECALL] ispressed. The Measurement Setup List screen format is shown below:jlabi=OR m~=RJQN

PLNLLMM VNMJOMV^The highlighted name on the top line identifies the function as Application Setup.

The middle portion of the screen is a partial list of all the available Setup names. The high-lighted item identifies the selected setup. The selection highlight may be moved and thelist may be scrolled to show all names by using the [ ] and [ ] keys.The first field of the bottom status line shows when the [2nd F] key has been pressed. Thesecond field shows the primary available keys. The third field shows E when an erroroccurs. The rightmost field shows the battery capacity remaining.

5.5.2 Setup Parameter List

When a particular setup from the list above is selected for viewing, a list of parameter val-ues is displayed. The Setup Parameter List screen format is shown below:

DEF-M106

Function name

Partial list of Parameter values with selection highlighted

Keyboard 2ND Function

Available keys Error

Battery capacity remaining

2NDF MEAS LOCK E

SETUP PARAMETER LIST

m~=RJQO jlabi=OR

VNMJOMV^ OLNLMQThe highlighted name on the top line identifies the function as Measurement Setup.

The middle portion of the screen is a partial list of the parameter names and values for theselected setup. The highlighted item identifies the selected parameter, which may bemoved. The [ ] and [ ] keys allow the user to scroll through all the names in the list. Inaddition, the [ ] and [ ] keys can change the setup parameter values.The first field of the bottom status line shows when the [2nd F] key has been pressed. Thesecond field shows the primary available keys. The third field shows E when an erroroccurs. The rightmost field shows the battery capacity remaining.

5.5.3 PC Scope Screen Format

The PC Scope Screen Format is used in conjunction with the optional PC Scope, whichallows echo waveforms and detection markers to be shown on a personal computer whilemeasurements are simultaneously taken and parameters changed. This function is onlyrequired when creating custom measurement setups for special measurement require-ments. The PC Scope Measurement Screen format is shown below:

The highlighted area of the first status line identifies the function as PC Scope. The secondfield indicates that measurements are being made and which detection method is beingused. The rightmost field shows LOS prompt when there is loss of signal.

The second status line shows the name of the selected parameter and its value. Changeparameter names by using the [ ] and [ ] keys, and change parameter values by usingthe [ ] and [ ] keys.jlabi=OR m~=RJQP

PLNLLMM VNMJOMV^The middle portion of the screen shows the measured thickness value in large digits.

The first field of the bottom status line shows when the [2nd F] key has been pressed. Thesecond field shows the primary available keys. The third field shows E when an erroroccurs. The rightmost field shows the battery capacity remaining.

5.6 View/Set Screen

The purpose of the View/Set screen is to review and/or change the current value of the fol-lowing gage parameters:

Material Velocity (see Sections 3.1 and 3.3) Zero Calibration Value (see Sections 3.1 and 3.3) Differential Measurement Reference (see Section 4.6) Alarm Setpoints (see Section 4.1)

Refer to the figure below for the following discussion of the format of this screen:

The top status line indicates the view/set function name.

The middle area of the screen shows the value being viewed or changed in large numerals.

The first field of the bottom status line shows when the [2nd F] key has been pressed. Thesecond field shows the primary available keys. On the Alarm Set Point screen, the thirdfield shows either LOW or HIGH to indicate which Alarm Setpoint is being displayed.m~=RJQQ jlabi=OR

VNMJOMV^ OLNLMQThe fourth field shows E when an error occurs. The rightmost field shows the batterycapacity remaining.

5.7 Special Mode Screens

There are two screens used by the Special Mode function: (1) special mode names, whichoffers gage function selections; and (2) a parameter or function screen that list parametersthat can be changed or functions that can be performed. Please note the following displayfor reference:

5.7.1 Special Mode Selection Screen

The Special Mode Selection Screen is entered by pressing [2nd F], [IN/MM] (SPMODE).The top line of the screen identifies it as SPECIAL MODE SELECT.

The central area shows a list of the Special Function names. Select a highlighted name bypressing [ENTER], or move the highlighted item to another name using the [ ] and [ ]keys.


SP-1 GAGE TESTS

SP-2 GAGE SETUP

SP-3 GAGE RESETSjlabi=OR m~=RJQR

PLNLLMM VNMJOMV^5.7.2 Parameter or Function Screen

Select a name from the Special Mode Selection screen to enter the Parameter or FunctionScreen.

The top line of the screen gives the name of the special function whose parameters orfunctions are displayed below.

The central area shows a list of functions or changeable parameters for the selected Spe-cial Function. Use the [ ] and [ ] keys to highlight various menus, and press[ENTER] to select the highlighted item. Use the [ ] or [ ] keys to change a high-lighted parameter.


5.8 Status Screen

The Status Screen briefly summarizes the gage setup such as: Current Application Setup,Current Transducer Type, and Software Version Number.

1. To review the Status Screen, press [2nd F], [ZERO] (STATUS).2. To return to the measure mode, press [MEAS].

5.9 Error Help Screen

Whenever the gage detects an operational error, the character E is displayed on the fourthstatus line just to the left of the battery capacity value. The error condition is also signaledby an extra long duration beep.

SPECIAL MODE PARAMETER OR FUNCTION SCREEN

Function name

Parameter or function list

Keyboard 2ND FunctionBattery capacity remaining

Available keys Error

E2ND Fm~=RJQS jlabi=OR

VNMJOMV^ OLNLMQThe problem may be identified by pressing [2nd F], [ZERO] (STATUS) while the E isdisplayed. An Error Help Screen that explains the problem will be shown.

Press [MEAS] to return to the Measure mode where corrective action may be taken ifnecessary.jlabi=OR m~=RJQT

PLNLLMM VNMJOMV^This page intentionally left blankm~=RJQU jlabi=OR

VNMJOMV^ OLNLMQ6 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

6.1 Measurement Mode

PERFORMANCE

Thickness Range Thickness measurements fall within a range depend-ing on the setup, material, and transducer. Detailed ranges for each standard setup are specified in Table 6-1 in Section 6.3Application Setups.

In general, selecting the proper setup allows thick-ness measurements for the following ranges:

Steel: 0.006" to 20.000"(0.15mm to 508.00mm)

Plastic: 0.003" to 2.000"(0.080mm to 50.00mm)

Measurement Resolution Keypad selectable: Low - 0.01" (0.1mm)Std. - 0.001" (0.01mm)High - 0.0001" (0.001mm)

Material VelocityRange .02000"/S to .66929"/S

(0.5080mm/S to 17.0000mm/S)Material VelocityResolution .0001"/S (.001mm/S), default

.00001"/S (.0001mm/S), selectableZero Cal Range 0.00 to 999.99 zero counts

Measurement DisplayUpdate Rate Keypad selectable: 1, 2, 5, 10 measurements per sec-

ond, averaging, or averaging with Quality Bar. Averaging is a running average of 5 measurements at a 10/sec update rate.

Differential Reference Range 0.0 to 20.000" (508.00mm)Differential ReferenceResolution Same as current gage resolutionjlabi=OR m~=SJQV

OLNLMQ VNMJOMV^Alarm SetpointsRange 0.0 to 20.000" (508.00mm)Alarm SetpointsResolution Same as current gage resolution

FUNCTIONS

Units The measurement units are keypad selectable as either inches or millimeters.

Resolution The measurement resolution is selectable among high, standard, and low resolution from the keypad:

High: .0001" (.001mm)Standard: .001" (.01mm)Low: .01" (.1mm)

Echo DetectionMethods The following are selected as part of the Application

Setup. (See Section 7.3Application Setups.)Mode 1: Time between excitation pulse and first echo following blank period using contact transducers.

Mode 2: Time between the interface echo and the first backwall echo. Normally used with delay line or immersion transducers.

Mode 3: Time between a pair of backwall echos fol-lowing the interface echo. Normally used with delay line or immersion transducers.

Min Mode Current thickness is displayed during transducer contact and the minimum thickness measured is dis-played during LOS.

Max Mode Current thickness is displayed during transducer contact and the maximum thickness measured is dis-played during LOS.

Hold/blank The thickness display during LOS may be set to either HOLD the last reading during LOS or BLANK the display during LOS.m~=SJRM jlabi=OR

VNMJOMV^ OLNLMQDifferential The thickness display may be set to display either actual measured thickness or the difference between the measured thickness and a user-set Differential Thickness Reference Value. The default is a Diff. Ref. Value of 0.000 and Diff Measure mode OFF

Alarm The gage may be set to indicate visually and audibly whenever the measured thickness is less than a user-set Low Alarm value or greater than a user-set High Alarm value.

The default is Low Alarm value = 0.000, High Alarm value = full scale, and Alarm Measure mode OFF

6.2 Calibration

View and/or set the material velocity by pressing [VEL] from the measure mode, or byselecting MatlVel from the Setup Parameter List.

View and/or set the Zero Calibration by pressing [ZERO] from the measure mode, or byselecting Zero from the Setup Parameter List.

Preform the Velocity and/or Zero Calibration by entering the known thickness(es) of testblock(s) while measuring the block(s).

6.3 Application Setups

Application Setups are a set of stored configurations of the gage parameters for variousmeasurement applications. Setups are optimized for such application features as material,thickness range, and required accuracy or resolution.

When the gage is turned on, the last Setup used is automatically selected and the gage isready to make similar measurements.

If the application has changed, choose an Application Setup name based on the new appli-cation (refer to Table 6-1).

Note: A transducer of the type specified for the selected setup should beplugged into the gage.jlabi=OR m~=SJRN

OLNLMQ VNMJOMV^Table 6-1: Application Setup Name and ApplicationSetup Name Probe Type Typical Application

DEF-M116* M116 Steel: 0.020 - 1.5" (0.250 - 38mm)

Plastic1: 0.010" min. (0.13mm min.)

DEF-M112* M112 Steel: 0.030 - 10" (0.76 - 254mm)


DEF-M110* M110 Steel: 0.040 - 15" (1.00 - 380mm)


DEF-M109 M109 Steel: 0.050 - 20" (1.00 - 508mm)


DEF-M106* M106 Steel: 0.080 - 20" (2.00 - 508mm)


DEF-M1016* M1016 Steel: 0.030 - 1.5" (0.76 - 38mm)


DEF3-MV260 V260 Steel: 0.020 -0.200" (0.50 - 5mm)

DEF2P-V260 V260 Plastic1: 0.008 - 0.4" (0.20 - 10mm)

DEF3-M208 M208 Steel: 0.010 - 0.200" (0.25 - 5mm)

DEF2P-M208 M208 Plastic1: 0.005 - 0.2" (0.12 - 5mm)



DEF2M-M206 M206 Steel: 0.050 - 0.750" (1.25 - 19mm)

DEF3-M202* M202 Steel: 0.010 - 0.500" (0.25 - 12.5mm)

DEF2P-M202* M202 Plastic1: 0.010 -0.25" (0.25 - 6mm)

Note: 1 The maximum thickness measuring capability on plastics depends on the attenuation characteris-tics of the material.

* All bold text denotes the default parameters that come with the Model 25 thickness gage.m~=SJRO jlabi=OR

VNMJOMV^ OLNLMQSetup Quantity 7 factory default setups. Space for 5 custom or user defined setups.

Custom ApplicationSetups Applications that are not covered by any of the

default setups can be measured by creating a custom setup for the special application. This setup may be done by adjusting the parameters of the closest default setup.

A description of the setup parameters which can be adjusted to make a custom setup are listed in Table 6-2 below:

Table 6-2: Setup Parameter Description

Name Description Units/Resolutions/Range

ProbeType Transducer type One of the 11 transducer types from default setup list.

MatlVel Ultrasonic sound velocity of material to be measured

.02000 - .66929"/s (0.5080 - 17.0000mm/s)

Zero Zero calibration factor 0 -999.99

PulserPwr Pulser power 30, 60, or 110 Volts

MaxGain Maximum receiver gain 0 - 79.6dB, 1dB steps

InitGain Initial T.V.G. gain 0 - MaxGain, 1dB steps

TVGSlope Time Varied Gain slope 0 - 26.5dB/s, 0.1dB/s steps

MBBlank Main Bang Blank 55ns to 200s, 0.14s steps. 22ns or Echo Window time interval, whichever is less

EchWindow Echo window. Echo detect gate which begins at end of MB Blank in mode 1 or interface echo in modes 2 & 3. The value reported for the end of Echo Window is relative to the Main Bang.

55ns to 200s, .014 s steps. 55ns or MB Blank time interval, whichever is less

DtectMode Echo Detect Mode 1, 2 or 3

Ech1Dtect Detection polarity of first echo + or -

Ech2Dtect Detection polarity of second echo + or -

I/FBLANK Blank after Interface echo 0 -20000 ns, 14 ns steps

M3EchBlnk Blank after first measured backwall echo in mode 3

0 - 20000 ns, 14 ns stepsjlabi=OR m~=SJRP

OLNLMQ VNMJOMV^6.4 General

Display Dot matrix, graphics, Super Twisted Nematic, monochrome, transflective, liquid crystal display

Viewable area is 2.22". x 1.51" (56.28mm x 38.36mm). Electroluminescent backlight. Contrast is adjustable from the keypad.

Keypad Sealed and embossed membrane surface. Tactile and audible feedback color-coded graphics 15 keys.

Transducers Can be used with contact, delay line, and immersion transducers from 2MHz to 30MHz. Default setups are provided for the 6 probes listed in Section 7.3Application Setups and Table 6-2 in this section.

Physical Size: 7.70" x 3.39" x 1.70"(195.6mm x 86.2mm x 66.9mm)

Weight: 1.3 lb. (0.59 kg)Case: Material is LexanConstruction: Dust and splash proofOperatingTemperature: 0C to 50C

6.5 Battery and Charger

Battery Description Nickel Cadmium, rechargeable, rated 6 Volts at 700 mAHr

Battery Run Time 30 hours typical, 10 hours with backlight on contin-uously

Battery Charge Time 7 hours (using 26CA PLUS)Charger External wall plug-in charger for 100VAC,

115VAC, and 230VAC inputs (PanametricsJkaq Part # 26CA PLUS)

Optional Operation with four disposable alkaline AA cell is available as a factory installed option. 70 hours typi-cal run timem~=SJRQ jlabi=OR

VNMJOMV^ OLNLMQ6.6 Special Gage Functions

General Access many gage functions, which do not require frequent changing, by using the Special or SP key-pad mode.

These features may all be accessed by pressing [2ND F], [IN/MM] (SP MODE). Then use [ ], [ ], and [ENTER] to select a category of SP func-tions (SP-1 thru SP-3). Finally a particular function may be selected and modified by using [ ], [ ], [ ], [ ], and [ENTER].

List Of SpecialFunctions SP-1 Gage Tests

Display TestKeyboard TestHardware Test

SP-2 Gage SetupInactive Time: off, 6*, 12, 18Beeper: on* or offLanguage: English, French, German,

SpanishDecimal Point: period* or commaVEL-Resol: low* or highCal Lock: on or off*Min/Max: Off*, Min On, or Max OnHold/Blank: Blank* or Hold* Indicates the features default value.

SP-3 ResetsMeasure Reset: Std. resolution, 2/sec mea-

sure rate, 0.000 diff. value, diff mode OFF, 0.000 low alarm setpoint, full scale high alarm setpoint, alarms OFF, min OFF, max OFF, BLANK on LOS, Cal lock OFF, default contrast, auto shutdown on, auto shutdown 6 minutes, backlight OFF, low velocity resolution

Master Reset: Measure Communication Resetsjlabi=OR m~=SJRR

OLNLMQ VNMJOMV^This page intentionally left blankm~=SJRS jlabi=OR

VNMJOMV^ OLNLMQ7 BATTERY

An internal 6V battery pack using rechargeable Nickel Cadmium (NiCd) batteries pow-ers the Model 25. PanametricsJkaq supplies the gage with the Model 26CA PLUSCharger/AC Adapter battery pack. Other chargers may reduce battery life and will voidthe gages warranty.

7.1 Low Battery

The gage operates for at least 20 hours between charges under normal conditions (exclud-ing High Measure Rates, or activated backlight). The screen always displays the currentbattery status in the lower right corner using an indicator to show the remaining batterylife with a maximum indication of 99%.

7.2 Charging Batteries

The batteries are fully charged when shipped, but to ensure the longest operating time theyshould be recharged before using. To charge the batteries, simply plug the cable fromcharger into the socket on the top of the gage. Normal charging time for a completely dis-charged battery is about 8 hours. When the remaining charge drops to about 1% of a fullcharge, the gage automatically shuts off. If the battery is insufficiently charged, then thegage will automatically turn off to prevent damage to the battery.

Caution: Charging batteries for more than 16 hours at a time may reducebattery life.

During charging, the gage can be operated in the usual way with little effect on chargingtime. However, the battery status indicator is not valid when the charger is plugged in andcannot be used to determine the remaining charge time.

Even an uncharged battery will maintain the stored calibration values and thickness datafor several weeks. Moreover, the gage has an internal back-up battery to maintain data inmemory even when the main battery is completely removed. This internal battery, withthe main battery installed, lasts five (5) to seven (7) years during normal use of the gageand does not require recharging. However, to preserve the life of both batteries, it is notrecommended to leave the gage without a battery, or with an uncharged main battery forlong periods of time. Please note that there is not a status indicator for the back-up battery.

7.3 Changing Battery Pack

After several hundred recharges, the batteries lose their ability to hold a full charge andrequire replacement. Follow the steps below to change the battery pack:jlabi=OR m~=TJRT

OLNLMQ VNMJOMV^1. Access the battery compartment through the back cover of the gage.

2. Remove the cover by loosening the captive screw.

3. Extract the battery by gently unplugging the old battery.

4. Plug in and install a new battery.

5. Replace the back cover and tighten the captive screw in place.

As mentioned before, the content of the internal memory, which includes velocity andzero calibration data along with saved thicknesses, will be preserved by the back-up bat-tery. The total back-up time is around 5000 hours and every time the gage is left withoutthe main battery, part of this total time is deducted.

7.4 Optional Battery Pack

Non-rechargeable alkaline batteries are available as a factory installed option. The operat-ing time for these batteries is about 2-3 times longer than NiCd batteries. However, pri-mary batteries normally cannot be charged. Therefore the gage, equipped with alkalinebatteries, cannot use the charger-AC adapter and consequently cannot be operated from anAC main line even if the alkaline batteries are removed or replaced by NiCd batteries.m~=TJRU jlabi=OR

VNMJOMV^ OLNLMQ8 THEORY OF OPERATION

The PanametricsJkaq Model 25 Ultrasonic Thickness Gage operates on the Pulse/Echoprinciple. This principle works by precisely timing the reflection of high frequency soundwaves from the transducer to the far wall of a test piece. This technique, derived fromsonar, has been widely applied to nondestructive testing because it permits accurate mea-surement of material thickness even though access may be available from only one side.

The Model 25 uses a variety of piezoelectric transducers that generate bursts of mechani-cal vibrations, or sound waves, when excited by short electrical pulses. The frequency ofthese sound waves is far beyond the limit of human hearing; from one million to twentymillion cycles per second, versus a typical limit of less than twenty thousand cycles persecond for the human ear. Sound at these very high frequencies does not travel wellthrough air, so a coupling medium such as a drop of liquid (usually propylene glycol,glycerin, water, or oil) is used between the transducer and the test piece.The sound waves generated by the transducer are coupled into the test piece and reflectedback from the opposite side. The same transducer then receives the reflected sound wavesand converts them into electrical pulses. The gage amplifies the received signal, digitizes aselected portion of the wavetrain, and then very precisely measures a time interval corre-sponding to one round trip of the sound waves in the test piece. This measurement is madein one of three modes as described below. The gage, which has been calibrated to thespeed of sound in the test material, computes the thickness of the test material using therelationship:

where x = the thickness of the materialV = the velocity of sound in the materialt = the measured round-trip transit time of the pulset0 = the zero offset factor (to correct for transducer wearplate

delay, cable delay, and other fixed delays)The Model 25 can employ any of three measurement modes to calculate pulse transit time.The selection of the proper mode for a given application is dependent on a number of fac-tors discussed in detail in Chapter 9Application Notes.

Mode 1 is utilized with contact transducers. In this mode, measurement is made from theinitial excitation pulse to the first returning echo from the backwall of the test piece. TheMTI marker indicates the Measured Time Interval.

Mode 2 is utilized with delay line and immersion transducers. In this mode, measurementis made between an interface echo marking the time the sound wave enters the test pieceand the first backwall echo. The MTI marker indicates the Measured Time Interval.

xV t t0( )

2---------------------=jlabi=OR m~=UJRV

OLNLMQ VNMJOMV^Mode 3 is also utilized with delay line and immersion transducers. In this mode, measure-ment is made between two successive backwall echoes that follow an interface echo. TheMTI Marker indicates the Measured Time Interval.

Figure 8-1 is a block diagram of the Model 25. The pulser, under the control of the micro-processor, provides a unidirectional broadband spike voltage impulse to a heavily dampedbroadband ultrasonic transducer. The broadband ultrasonic pulse generated by the trans-ducer is coupled to the test piece by means of liquid couplant. Echoes returning from theback or inside surface of the test piece are received by the transducer and converted toelectrical signals, which in turn are fed to the receiver AGC amplifier. The microproces-

Figure 8.1: Model 25 Block Diagram

Battery PowerSupplyROM RAM

Detector

LCD

Keyboard

Transducer Charger RS-232 Output

Control and MeasurePulser AGCAmplifierm~=UJSM jlabi=OR

VNMJOMV^ OLNLMQsor-based control and timing logic circuits both synchronize the pulser and select theappropriate echo signals that will be used for the time interval measurement.

If echoes are not detected during a given measurement period, the gage will shut down tosave power until a new measurement cycle is required. If echoes are detected, the timingcircuit will precisely measure an interval appropriate for the selected measurement mode,and then repeat this process a number of times to obtain a stable, averaged reading. Themicroprocessor then uses this time interval measurement, along with sound velocity andzero offset information stored in the Random Access Memory (RAM), to calculate thick-ness. Finally, the thickness is shown on the Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) and updated at aselected rate.jlabi=OR m~=UJSN

OLNLMQ VNMJOMV^This page intentionally left blankm~=UJSO jlabi=OR

VNMJOMV^ OLNLMQ9 APPLICATIONS NOTES

The Model 25 Ultrasonic Thickness Gage can be used in a variety of applications whenproper technique is employed. This section discusses advanced gage usability and mea-surement techniques to assist in challenging applications.

To take maximum advantage of the gages versatility, the user should be familiar with thebasic principles of ultrasonic nondestructive testing. There are several textbooks that dis-cuss this subject in detail, as well as classroom training opportunities. Consult Panamet-rics-NDT for further information.

9.1 Measurement Mode

The Model 25 is capable of operating in three measurement modes, representing threealternate ways of timing echoes. Mode selection is usually based on the requirements of aparticular application as described below:

Mode 1: Measurements are made between an excitation pulse and the first back-wall echo from the test piece, using contact-type transducers. Mode 1 is a generalpurpose test mode, and is normally recommended for use, unless one of the condi-tions described under Modes 2 or 3 is present.

Mode 2: Me

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Panametrics Thickness Gage 25_Manual