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GENRAL

1. Explain, using an example in EACH case, the meaning of the following terms:

 (i) `hazar! (2)

(ii) `ris"! (3)

#. $utline the main components of a health an safet% management s%stem. (8)

Candidates were expected to do well on this question. he expectationwas sadl! not realised in a lar"e nu#$er o% cases and it was distur$in"to %ind that so #an! %ound di%%icult! with a question that should ha&e$een relati&el! strai"ht%orward %or an!one who had studied the outlineo% a #ana"e#ent s!ste# %or health and sa%et!.

Good answers' al$eit %ew in nu#$er' were those that addressed the%ollowin" co#ponents and hi"hli"hted the essential %eatures o% each

• the polic! to $e a clear state#ent o% intent' settin" the #ainhealth and sa%et! ai#s and o$ecti&es o% the co#pan!*

• the or"anisation %or health and sa%et! to $e such as to ensure

the allocation o% responsi$ilit! to appropriate #e#$ers o% sta%%'with the e#phasis on achie&in" co#petenc!' control'co##unication and consultation*

• plannin" and i#ple#entin" to in&ol&e ris+ assess#ent' the

settin" o% standards and the introduction o% appropriate control#easures to achie&e the standards*

• #easurin" per%or#ance $! acti&e and reacti&e #onitorin"

#ethods*• re&iew and audit to chec+ whether what was planned is actuall!

ta+in" place' and to consider options %or i#pro&e#ent' settin"new tar"ets where necessar!.

,. &efine the term `negligence! (2)

a tort in&ol&in" a $reach o% the co##on law dut! to ta+e reasona$lecare.

-. Explain, using an example, the meaning of the term 'ris". (2)

. *entif% E*+H sources of information that might usefull% -e consulte when

eeloping a safe s%stem of wor".(8)

ost candidates were a$le to secure at least a %ew #ar+s in answerin"this question. A selection could ha&e $een #ade %ro# sources such asstatutor! instru#ents' AC/0s and 1E "uidance' #anu%acturersin%or#ation' European and other o%%icial standards' industr! or tradeliterature' results o% ris+ assess#ents' accident statistics andhealth4#edical sur&eillance records' the e#plo!ees in&ol&ed' anden%orce#ent a"encies and other experts.

his should ha&e $een a strai"ht%orward question !et so#e

candidates answers were &er! li#ited or were &a"ue as to the precisesource. 5or instance' $oo+s or the internet were considered rathertoo unspeci%ic to $e worth! o% credit.

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8. $utline the arious circumstances that ma% create a nee for a reiew ofhealth an safet% training within an organisation.

(8)

ost candidates pro&ided a reasona$le answer to this question $!re%errin" to circu#stances such as the introduction o% new technolo"!or a new ite# o% equip#ent or process* a o$ chan"e %or one or a

"roup o% indi&iduals* accident incidence data or the %indin"s o% anaccident in&esti"ation* the results o% ris+ assess#ents or re&iew* newle"islation or "uidance* a result o% en%orce#ent action* new e#plo!eeswith special needs (e" !oun" persons or disa$led wor+ers)* andrequire#ents i#posed $! the e#plo!ers insurance co#pan!.

6.  An emplo%er intens to implement a programme of regular wor"placeinspections following a wor"place accient.

(i) $utline the factors that shoul -e consiere when planningsuch inspections.

(-)

(ii) /utline 1REE aitional proactie methos that coul -e use in themonitoring of health an safet% performance.

(-)

(iii) 7denti%! the possi-le costs to the organization as a result of the accient. (8)

7n answerin" part (i) o% the question' candidates could ha&e re%erred tosuch %actors as the nature o% the haards in the wor+place* theco#position and co#petence o% the inspection tea#* the areas to $einspected and the routes to %ollow* the ti#in" and %requenc! o% theinspections* the rele&ant le"islation and standards a"ainst which theresults o% the inspection would $e ud"ed* the preparation andpro&ision o% chec+lists* and the action that should %ollow theinspections (such as the procedures %or re&iewin" and prioritisin" an!

re#edial #easures %ound to $e necessar!). he #eans o% noti%!in"and consultin" with rele&ant sta%% prior to the inspection would also $erele&ant. o#e candidates #isunderstood the question and pro&idedanswers dealin" with the in&esti"ation o% accidents' while otherse%%ecti&el! produced inspection chec+lists that did not address the

$readth o% the question.

5or part (ii)' there was a nu#$er o% additional proacti&e #easures thatcould ha&e $een outlined. hese include audits (in&ol&in" aco#prehensi&e and independent exa#ination o% all aspects o% anor"anisations health and sa%et! #ana"e#ent s!ste#s a"ainst statedo$ecti&es)* sa%et! sur&e!s (%ocusin" on particular acti&ities)* sa#plin"(in&ol&in" the tar"etin" o% speci%ic areas)* tours (where unscheduled'less %or#al wor+place inspections are carried out to chec+ on issuessuch as house+eepin" or the use o% personal protecti&e equip#ent)*$ench#ar+in" (where an or"anisations per%or#ance in certain areasis co#pared with that o% si#ilar or"anisations)* and en&iron#ental andhealth #onitorin". 9hile so#e candidates were o$&iousl! aware o% these #ethods' the! tended to list the# rather than pro&ide theadditional detail needed in response to the :action &er$ that requiredan outline. here were a %ew candidates who con%used proacti&e and

reacti&e #ethods (such as accident in&esti"ation) and $ased their answers on the latter' %or which no #ar+s could $e awarded.

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0art (iii) required candidates to identi%! the possi$le costs to theor"anisation %ollowin" the accident. hese would include the cost o% lost production* ti#e lost $! the e#plo!ee4e#plo!ees in&ol&ed in theaccident* clean;up costs and the possi$le repair o% da#a"ed plant andequip#ent* a possi$le increase in insurance pre#iu#s* the cost o% le"al representation in an! su$sequent court proceedin"s and the %ine

that #i"ht $e i#posed* an! part o% co#pensation pa!#ents as a resulto% a ci&il action (ie an! excess a"reed with the insurance co#pan!)*and intan"i$le costs such as the e%%ects on the $usiness i#a"e o% the

or"anisation and the #orale o% the wor+%orce as a whole.

1/. (a)

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?-. he num-er of a-sences ue to upper lim- isorers in an organisationappears to -e increasing. $utline the possi-le sources of information thatcoul -e consulte when inestigating this pro-lem.

(8)

Answers to this question were "enerall! to a reasona$le standard withso#e candidates showin" a &er! "ood "rasp o% the su$ect area.

ar+s were a&aila$le %or outlinin" sources o% in%or#ation such as ris+assess#ents* the results o% tas+ anal!ses and the identi%ication o%repetiti&e actions* the or"anisations e#plo!ees and sa%et!representati&es* ill;health reports and the anal!sis o% a$sence records*the o$ser&ations o% super&isors and the co#plaints that #a! ha&e$een #ade to the# $! #e#$ers o% their tea#s* #anu%acturersin%or#ation* pu$lished in%or#ation such as 1E "uidance* the &iewso% specialists such as er"ono#ists or occupational healthpractitioners* and perhaps e&en in%or#ation supplied $! the socialacti&ities co;ordinator on out;o%;wor+ acti&ities such as tennis' squash'etc.

?@. /utline the sources of pu-lishe information that ma% -e consulte whenealing with a health an safet% pro-lem at wor".

(8)

0/L7C

? (a) Explain the purposes of EAC1 of the following sections of a health ansafet% polic% ocument:

(i) `statement of intent! (2)

(ii) `organization! (2)

(iii) `arrangements!. (2)

(-) /utline the issues that are t%picall% inclue in the arran"e#ents section of a health an safet% ocument.

(?2)

0art (a) was intended to test candidates understandin" o% health andsa%et! policies and their structure. ost candidates correctl! identi%iedthe three #ain sections' and then went on to explain their purpose with&ar!in" de"rees o% success. >etter candidates %irst re%erred to the

:state#ent o% intent' which $oth de#onstrates #ana"e#entsco##it#ent to health and sa%et! and sets "oals and o$ecti&es %or theor"anisation* the! then re%erred to the :or"anisation section' thepurpose o% which is to identi%! health and sa%et! responsi$ilities withinthe co#pan!* and' %inall!' the! turned to the :arran"e#ents section'which sets out in detail the s!ste#s and procedures that show how thepolic! is to $e i#ple#ented.

0art ($) led on %ro# the %irst part and required candidates to outlineissues that are included in the arran"e#ents section o% a health andsa%et! polic!. hese would t!picall! include details o% #atters such as

sa%e s!ste#s o% wor+' ris+ assess#ent procedures' personal protecti&eequip#ent' health and sa%et! trainin"' incident reportin" andin&esti"ation procedures' e#er"enc! and %ire sa%et! procedures'

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wel%are arran"e#ents (includin" %irst;aid) and arran"e#ents %orconsultation with e#plo!ees. an! candidates tended to concentrateon too %ew issues and thus restricted the nu#$er o% #ar+s that the!could $e awarded' e&en thou"h the! #a! ha&e pro&ided a wealth o%detail on the issues chosen.

2

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, /utline the main health an safet% responsi-ilities of :a) Emplo%ees (=)-) 7or"ers (=)

- /utline the factors that ma% inicate that health an safel% stanars withinan organization o not reflect the o-8ecties within the statement of intent.

(?2)

@ Explain wh% the health an safet% polic% shoul -e signe -% the mostsenior person in an organization, such as a 2anaging &irector or ChiefExecutie $fficer.

(2)

/RGAN7B7NG

E#plo!ee in&ol&e#ent (#oti&ation4i#pro&e#ent)

?.

Explain how the following ma% -e use to improe safet%performance within an organization:

(i) accient ata (=)

(ii) safet% inspections. (=)

7n answerin" part (i)' #an! candidates explained how accidentdata can $e used to identi%! trends and pro$le# areas in order that resources can $e allocated and appropriate re#edial actionsta+en. Good answers also explained how accident data ena$le

co#parisons to $e #ade with others ($ench #ar+in")' and howthe! can $e used to pro&ide in%or#ation to e#plo!ees and to%ocus and sti#ulate discussion at sa%et! co##ittee #eetin"s.

2./utline wa%s in which emplo%ers ma% motiate their emplo%ees tocompl% with health an safet% proceures. (8)

oti&ation is the dri&in" %orce $ehind the wa! in which a personacts in order to achie&e a "oal. 7n this case' Exa#iners wereloo+in" %or su""estions o% how e#plo!ees #i"ht $e #oti&ated towor+ sa%el!. Answers should ha&e outlined such wa!s asi#pro&in"' $! trainin" and $! the pro&ision o% in%or#ation'

e#plo!ees +nowled"e o% the consequences o% not wor+in"sa%el!* showin" the co##it#ent o% the or"anisation to sa%et! $!pro&idin" resources and a sa%e wor+in" en&iron#ent* in&ol&in"e#plo!ees in health and sa%et! decisions $! consultation andtea# #eetin"s* and reco"nisin" and rewardin" achie&e#ent.ore a$le candidates reco"nised that positi&e #oti&ation ; iee#plo!ees wor+in" sa%el! $ecause that was how the! wanted towor+ ; tends to $e #ore e%%ecti&e than ne"ati&e #oti&ation ;e#plo!ees wor+in" sa%el! %or %ear o% disciplinar! action. 9ith theri"ht $alance $etween the#' howe&er' $oth ha&e their place.

he question was "enerall! well answered with #an! candidatesde#onstratin" a "ood understandin" o% this %acet o% hu#an%actors' althou"h' in so#e cases' responses were so#ewhat

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li#ited' concentratin" solel! on the reward and disciplineaspects.

3./utline the practical means -% which a manager coul inoleemplo%ees in the improement of health an safet% in the wor"place.

(8)

Answers to this question should ha&e included outlines o% such

#eans as in&ol&in"e#plo!ees in ris+ assess#ents' accidentin&esti"ations and the de&elop#ent o% sa%e s!ste#s andprocedures* encoura"in" haard spottin" and the reportin" o%de%ects* settin" up su""estion sche#es* or"anisin" trainin"courses and in%or#ation pro"ra##es* supportin" acti&ein&ol&e#ent in sa%et! co##ittee #eetin"s* $ein" acco#panied$! e#plo!ees or their representati&es on sa%et! tours andinspections* and "i&in" e#plo!ees responsi$ilities %or #entorin"!oun" and inexperienced wor+ers.

his question caused pro$le#s %or a nu#$er o% candidates.

o#e were a$le to co#e up with no #ore than one or twosu""estions while others' despite the use o% the word practicalin the question' too+ an approach that loo+ed #ore at #oti&ationtheor! than at the practicalwa!s o% directl! in&ol&in" e#plo!ees.

=./utline the reasons wh% emplo%ees ma% fail to compl% with safet%proceures at wor".

(8)

his question was answered well $! the #aorit! o% candidates.Exa#iners were pleased that candidates were a$le to outline awide ran"e o% issues %or this hu#an %actors question' whichde#onstrated a "ood understandin" o% this part o% the Certi%icates!lla$us. here are #an! reasons wh! e#plo!ees #a! %ail toco#pl! with sa%et! procedures at wor+ and candidates achie&in""ood #ar+s reco"nised so#e o% the#' a#on"st others' asunrealistic or ill;considered procedures* #ental and4or ph!sicalcapa$ilities not ta+en into account* inadequate trainin"* pooror"anisational sa%et! culture* co#placenc!4lac+ o% #oti&ation*peer "roup pressure* other priorities and pressures* ris+s notpercei&ed* slips and lapses* %ati"ue and stress* and percei&edlac+ o% consultation.

,. *n relation to emplo%ee inolement in health an safet%, explain theifferences -etween !informing! an `consulting!

(2)

he 1E "uidance on the 1ealth and a%et! (Consultation withE#plo!ees) Re"ulations ?66- draws a clear distinction $etweenin%or#in" and consultin". 0erhaps %ro# a "eneralunderstandin" o% the words' #ost candidates were a$le todi%%erentiate $etween the two and could re%er to :in%or#in" as aone;wa! process (e" pro&idin" in%or#ation on haards' ris+s andcontrol #easures) and to consultin" as a two;wa! process inwhich the e#plo!er then listens to' and ta+es account o%' the&iews o% e#plo!ees $e%ore a decision is ta+en.

-. (a) Explain the meaning of the term `motiation! (2)

(-) $ther than lac" of motiation, outline 0*9 reasons wh% (-)

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emplo%ees ma% fail to compl% with safet% proceures at wor".

o#e "ood answers were pro&ided to this question. 5or part (a)'#ost candidates were a$le to pro&ide a reasona$le explanation o% :#oti&ation' which is essentiall! the dri&in" %orce $ehind the wa!that so#eone stri&es to achie&e a "oal or o$ecti&e (e" to wor+sa%el!).

5or part ($)' candidates were as+ed to outline six reasons that#i"ht account %or the %ailure o% e#plo!ees to co#pl! with sa%et!procedures. he! could ha&e chosen %ro# a nu#$er o% reasonsincludin" unrealistic wor+in" procedures* lac+ o% #ana"e#entco##it#ent* o&er;%a#iliarisation with the tas+s to $e per%or#ed*repetiti&e wor+ leadin" to $oredo# and lac+ o% concentration*peer "roup pressure* wil%ul disre"ard o% laid;down procedurescoupled with inadequate or ine%%ecti&e super&ision* %ati"ue andstress* and lac+ o% in%or#ation' trainin" and consultation

@.$utline the factors that might contri-ute towars a positie safet%culture within an organization.

(8)

Not surprisin"l!' answers were di&ided into those wherecandidates e&identl! understood the ter# :sa%et! culture andthose where their understandin" was li#ited.Althou"h #an! candidates were a$le to cite %actors such as theco##it#ent and leadership o% senior #ana"e#ent' and theco#petence and trainin" o% the wor+%orce' %ewer included a ran"eo% other rele&ant %actors. hese could ha&e included a clearpolic! with health and sa%et! $ein" "i&en o$&ious equal priorit!

to other $usiness o$ecti&es (production' qualit!' etc)* the settin"o% realistic and achie&a$le tar"ets* the pro&ision o% a "oodwor+in" en&iron#ent* proacti&e #onitorin" o% health and sa%et!standards* e%%ecti&e co##unication channels* a:no;$la#eculture* and consultation with' and the in&ol&e#ent o%' thewor+%orce.

8.$utline wa%s in which the health an safet% culture of an organizationmight -e improe

(8)

6.$utline the factors that might cause the safet% culture within an

organization to ecline(8)

7n answerin" this question' %actors that candidates outlinedincluded lac+ o% e%%ecti&e co##unication* the perception o% a"rowin" $la#e culture* lac+ o% leadership and co##it#ent atsenior le&el* lac+ o% #onitorin" or a %ailure to i#ple#ent re#edialaction* lac+ o% consultation and e#plo!ee in&ol&e#ent* a"enerall! poor wor+in" en&iron#ent* a hi"h sta%% turno&erleadin" to lac+ o% continuit! and loss o% #o#entu# in #a+in"sa%et! i#pro&e#ents* and external in%luences such as adownturn in the econo#!' leadin" to o$ insecurit! with thepossi$ilit! o% health and sa%et! $ein" seen as less o% a priorit!.

o#e candidates #isunderstood the %ocus o% the question andpro&ided a "eneral sa%et! culture answer that de%ined the ter#

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and so#eti#es su""ested how culture #i"ht $e i#pro&ed. 9herecandidates did consider the question set' those who were #oresuccess%ul were those who pro&ided a "ood $readth o% issuesto"ether with su%%icient detail to show how each issue #i"hta%%ect or"anisational sa%et! culture

?.

 A contractor has -een engage to unerta"e -uiling maintenancewor" in a -us% warehouse.$utline the issues that shoul -e coere in an inuction programmefor the contractor!s emplo%ees.

(8)

here were so#e quite reasona$le answers to this question with#an! candidates showin" a "ood understandin" o% inductionrequire#ents. 7n the situation descri$ed' the e#plo!ees o% thecontractor should $e #ade aware o% such issues as theparticular ris+s in the wor+in" area (e" #o&e#ent o% %or+;li%ttruc+s' %allin" #aterials' con&e!ors and the possi$le presence o%as$estos)* "eneral site sa%et! rules re"ardin" s#o+in"' clothin"

and 00E' use o% electrical equip#ent and so on* require#ents %or per#its;to;wor+ and other controls* exclusion ones and tra%%icroutes* arran"e#ents %or the stora"e o% #aterials* accidentreportin" and other e#er"enc! procedures (e" actions requiredin the case o% %ire)* and the location and use o% wel%are %acilitiesincludin" %irst;aid. ost candidates re%erred to at least so#e o%these $ut surprisin"l! %ew #entioned other rele&ant issues suchas the person on site to report to i% the need should arise and theprocedures %or si"nin" in and out.

A %ew candidates see#ed to #isunderstand the purpose o% thequestion and discussed the control #easures that the contractorshould put in place' or how the contractors le&el o% co#petence#i"ht $e assessed' rather than the contents o% an inductionpro"ra##e %or those actuall! carr!in" out the wor+. uch aninduction pro"ra##e' which would nor#all! $e pro&ided $! thecontractor' should address not onl! the inherent ris+s to thecontractors e#plo!ees %ro# the wor+ $ein" underta+en $ut alsothe additional ris+s posed $! the warehouse acti&ities.7#portantl!' it should also ta+e into account the possi$le ris+s to

warehouse sta%% %ro# the #aintenance wor+. Good answersde#onstrated that all these aspects had $een considered.

??./utline the factors that ma% increase ris"s to pregnant emplo%ees inthe wor"place.

(8)

A %ew candidates showed a wide +nowled"e o% the issuesin&ol&ed and pro&idedexcellent answers to the question. ost o% the re#ainder'howe&er' outlined onl! oneor two o% the. rele&ant %actors.

5actors that could ha&e $een outlined include exposure toche#icals such as pesticides' lead and those that cause

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intracellular chan"es (#uta"ens) or a%%ect the e#$r!o(terato"ens)* $iolo"ical exposures (e" hepatitis)* exposure toph!sical a"ents such as ionisin" radiation and extre#es o%te#perature* #anual handlin"* er"ono#ic issues relatin" toprolon"ed standin" or the adoption o% aw+ward $od!#o&e#ents* stress* and issues associated with the use o%

personal protecti&e equip#ent.

Exa#iners were disappointed to %ind that' !et a"ain' so#ecandidates did not pa! su%%icient attention to the action &er$ and'althou"h the! undou$tedl! had so#e +nowled"e o% the su$ect'could not $e awarded all the #ar+s a&aila$le $ecause the! choseto pro&ide no detail o% the rele&ant %actors.

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1u#an errors

1. 2ost occupational accients can -e attri-ute in part to human error./utline wa%s of reucing the li"elihoo of human error in the

wor"place.

(8)

2. (a) /utline wa%s of reucing the li"elihoo of human error in thewor"place.

(8)

(-)Gi&e 5/DR reasons wh% the seriousness of a hazar ma% -eunerestimate -% someone expose to it.

(=)

3. a) /utline wa%s of reucing the li"elihoo of human error in thewor"place.

(8)

-) Gi&e four reasons wh% the seriousness of a hazar ma% -eunerestimate -% someone expose to it.

(=)

=. /utline the personal factors that might place an iniiual at a greater ris" of harm while at wor"

(8)

,. /utline the factors relating to the iniiual (persons) which mightincrease the ris" of harm to a wor"er while at wor"

(8)

-. /utline the specific factors that shoul -e consiere when assessingthe ris"s to emplo%ees wor"ing on night shifts.

(8)

@. (a) 7denti%! $;< factors relating to the indi&idual that mightincrease the ris" of accients at wor".

(=)

(-) Gi&e reasons wh% maintenance operations ma% pose particularris"s to those unerta"ing them.

(=)

!oun" e#plo!ee

1. /utline the factors that ma% etermine the leel of superision anemplo%ee shoul receie uring their initial perio within a compan%.

(8)

2. /utline the factors that will etermine the leel of superision that anew emplo%ee shoul receie uring their initial perio of emplo%mentwithin an organization

(8)

3. (a) 7denti%! the factors that ma% place %oung persons at a greater ris"of accients at wor".

(=)

(-) /utline the measures that coul -e ta"en to minimize the ris"s to

%oung persons.

(=)

=. a) Explain the reasons wh% %oung persons ma% -e at a greater ris" of (#)

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accients at wor".

-) $utline the measures that coul -e ta"en to minimize ris"s to %oungemplo%ees

(#)

,.  An emplo%er has agree to accept a %oung person on a wor"

experience placement for one wee". $utline the factors that theemplo%er shoul consier prior to the placement

(8)

0ERCE07/N

? (a) Explain the meaning of the term 'perception. (2)

(-) /utline the factors relating >/1 to the wor"place AN

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(ii) /utline the means -% which communication coul -e improe. (-)

2 /utline $;< aantages an $;< isaantages of usingpropagana posters to communicate health an safet% information tothe wor"force

(8)

3 Gi&e reasons wh% a er-al instruction ma% not -e clearl% unerstoo-% an emplo%ee.

(8)

= tate the shape an colour, an "i&e a releant example, of EAC1 ofthe following t%pes of safet% sign:

(i) prohi-ition (2)

(ii) warning (2)

(iii) manator% (2)

(i) emergenc% escape or first>ai. (2)

, Explain wh% it is important to use a ariet% of methos tocommunicate health an safet% information in the wor"place.

(8)

- Gi&e reasons wh% a er-al instruction ma% not -e clearl% unerstoo-% an emplo%ee.

(8)

@ Na#e and descri$e 5/DR classes of safet% sign prescri-e -% the

Health an 0afet%

(8)

8 ollowing a significant increase in accients, a health an safet%campaign is to -e launche within an organization to encourage saferwor"ing -% emplo%ees.

(i) $utline how the organization might ensure that the nature of thecampaign is effectiel% communicate to, an unerstoo -%,emplo%ees.

(8)

(ii) $ther than poor communication, escri-e the organizational factors

that coul limit the effectieness of the campaign.

(?2)

6 /utline the arious methos for communicating the contents of ahealth an safet% polic% to a wor"force.

(-)

? 7denti%! a range of methos that an emplo%er can use to proiehealth an safet% information irectl% to iniiual emplo%ees.

(8)

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co;operation (consultation4co##ittee)

? (a) Explain the circumstances uner which an emplo%er must form ahealth an safet% committee.

(=)

(-) Gi&e reasons wh% a health an safet% committee ma% -e

ineffectie.

(3)

2 (a) /utline the -enefits to an organisation of haing a health ansafet% committee.

(#)

(-) /utline the reasons wh% a health an safet% committee ma% proeto -e ineffectie in practice.

(?)

3 $utline the topics that ma% t%picall% -e inclue on the agena of asafet% committee meeting

(?)

= $utline wa%s to help ensure the effectieness of a health an safet%committee.

(?)

rainin"

? /utline the issues that shoul -e inclue in a training program foremplo%ees on the emergenc% action to ta"e in the eent of fire.

(8)

2 /utline the arious circumstances that ma% create a nee for a reiew ofhealth an safet% training within an organisation.

(8)

3 /utline the main health an safet% issues to -e inclue in an inuctiontraining programme for new emplo%ees.

(8)

=  An inestigation has ientifie the two "e% unerl%ing causes of a wor"placeaccient as ineffectie er-al communication -etween emplo%ees anshortcomings in the 5ualit% of health an safet% training.

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of the training proie to each emplo%ee

@ /utline reasons wh% an emplo%ee might re5uire aitional health an safet%training at a later stage of emplo%ment within an organisation.

(8)

8  A contractor has -een engage to unerta"e -uiling maintenance wor" in a

-us% warehouse./utline the issues that shoul -e coere in an inuction programme for thecontractors emplo%ees.

(8)

6 $utline the issues that shoul -e inclue in a training programme foremplo%ees on the emergenc% action to ta"e in the eent of fire.

(8)

? (a) 7denti%! 1REE wor" situations that woul re5uire the use of personal e%e protection.

(3)

(-) /utline the ran"e of issues that shoul -e aresse when

training emplo%ees in the use of personal e%e protection.

(,)

0LANN7NG AN< 70LEEN7NG

? (a) Explain wh% it is important for an organization to set targets in terms of itshealth an safet% performance.

(2)

(-) $utline 0*9 t%pes of target that an organization might t%picall% set inrelation to health an safet%.

(-)

EADR7NG

? /utline 9/ reactie measures an 9/ proactie measures thatcan -e use in monitoring an organisation!s health an safet%performance.

(8)

2 /utline 5/DR proactie monitoring methos that can -e use inassessing the health an safet% performance of an organisation. (8)

3 (a) /utline the factors that shoul -e consiere when planning ahealth an safet% inspection of a wor"place.

(?)

(-) 7denti%! the information that shoul -e inclue in a report of awor"place inspection, explainin" how the information shoul -epresente in orer to increase the li"elihoo of action -eing ta"en.

(?)

= 7denti%! E7G1 measures that coul -e use -% an organization inorer to monitor its health an safet% performance.

(8)

, /utline the personal factors which might place an iniiual at agreater ris" of harm while at wor".

(8)

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- 7denti%! E*+H measures that can -e use to monitor an organization!s,health an safet% performance.

(8)

@ (a) Explain how accient ata can -e use to improe health ansafet% performance within an organization.

(=)

(-) $utline 7$ proactie monitoring methos that can -e usewhen assessing an organization!s health an safet% performance.

(=)

(c) $utline two actie monitoring methos that can -e use whenassessing an organizations health an safet% performance.

(=)

8 7denti%! E*+H measures that can -e use to monitor anorganizations health an safet% performance.

(8)

6 $utline the main features of@

 (i) a health an safet% inspection of a wor" place

(=)

(ii) a health an safet% auit. (=)

? /utline our actie monitoring methos that can -e use in assessingthe health an safel% performance of an organization.

(8)

?? /utline the main features of :a) a health an safel% inspection

(=)

-) a health an safel% auit (=)

?2 /utline the strengths A& wea"ness of using a chec"list to completea health an safet% inspection of a wor"place

(8)

?3 7denti%! the main topic areas that shoul -e inclue in a plannehealth an safet% inspection of a wor"place.

(8)

?= /utline the factors that ma% inicate a nee for health sureillance ofemplo%ees in a wor"place.

(8)

?, /utline reasons wh% emplo%ers shoul "eep recors of occupational

ill>health amongst emplo%ees.

(-)

RE7E9 0ER5/RANCE

@ /utline the reasons wh% an organization shoul monitor an reiew itshealth an safet% performance.

(8)

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ACC7/1 the -ehaiour of the rier AN< the conitions of the wor"placean wor" e5uipment.

(?)

(ii)

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wor".

?

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-  An emplo%ee has -een in8ure in a wor"place accient. A su-se5uentinestigation -% an inspector from the Health an 0afet% Executiehas iscoere that no ris" assessment for the particular actiit%exists.(i) $utline the factors that the emplo%er shoul ta"e into accountwhen selecting iniiuals to assist in carr%ing out the re5uire

ris" assessment.

(-)

(ii) $utline the steps that shoul -e use in carr%ing out the ris"assessment, ientif%ing the issues that woul nee to -econsiere atEACH stage.

(8)

@ (a) Explain, using an example, the meaning of the term

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0ER7 / 9/RF

? (a)to>wor" s%stem!. (2)

(-)/utline 1REE t%pes of wor" situation that ma% re5uire apermit>to wor" s%stem, giing reasons in EAC1 case for there5uirement.

(-)

2 (a)7denti%! 7$ situations where a permit>to>wor" s%stem might -econsiere appropriate.

(2)

(-) /utline the "e% elements of a permit>to>wor" s%stem. (-)

3  An accient has -een attri-ute to the failure of an emplo%er toimplement an appropriate permit>to>wor" s%stem.

(i) 7denti%! the "e% elements of a permit>to>wor" s%stem.

(-)

(ii) /utline 5/DR t%pes of wor" situation that might re5uire a permitto>wor" s%stem, giing reasons in EACH case for the re5uirement.

(8)

= (a) 7denti%! 7$ specific wor" actiities for which a permit>to>wor" might -e neee.

(2)

(-) /utline the "e% elements of a permit>to>wor" s%stem. (-)

, (a) Explain the meaning of the term !permit>to>wor"!. (2)

(-) $utline the specific etails that shoul -e inclue in a permit>to>

wor" for entr% into a confine space.

(-)

- a) &efine the term ' permit to wor" s%stem (2)

-) $utline the "e% elements of a permit to wor" s%stem (?2)

c) $utline hree t%pes of wor" situation that might re5uire a permit towor" s%stem, giing reasons in each case for the re5uirement.

(-)

C/NR/L /5 C/NRAC/R

? /utline the chec"s that coul -e mae in assessing the health an safet%competence of a contractor.

(8)

2 List the factors that might -e consiere when assessing the health ansafet% competence of a contractor.

(?)

3  A contractor is to -e selecte to rain an clear a section of canal.

(i) 7denti%! the information that might -e re5uire to esta-lish the suita-ilit% ofthe contractor.

(=)

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00E

? Explain wh% personal protectie e5uipment (E) shoul -e consiereas a last resort in the control of occupational health hazars.

(8)

2 (a) 7denti%! 1REE wor" situations that woul re5uire the use ofpersonal e%e protection.

(3)

(-) /utline the ran"e of issues that shoul -e aresse whentraining emplo%ees in the use of personal e%e protection.

(,)

3 7denti%! 5/DR ifferent t%pes of hazar that ma% necessitate the use ofspecial footwear, explaining in EAC1 case how the footwear afforsprotection.

(8)

= (a) 7denti%! the t%pes of hazar against which gloes coul offerprotection. )=(

)-(/utline the practical limitations of using gloes as a means ofprotection.

)=(

8 )a(

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2 (a) Explain the meaning of the term !permit>to>wor"!. (2)

(-) $utline the specific etails that shoul -e inclue in a permit>to>wor"for entr% into a confine space.

(-)

3 (i) efine the meaning of !confine space!, giing 7$ wor"placeexamples.

(=)

(ii) ientif% $;< !specifie ris"s! that ma% arise from wor" in a confinespace.

(=)

2 /utline the precautions that shoul -e ta"en in orer to ensure thesafet% of emplo%ees unerta"ing maintenance wor" in an unergrounstorage essel.

(8)

57R A7<

? /utline the factors to consier when ma"ing an assessment offirst>ai proision in a wor"place.

(8)

2 (a) 7denti%! the 9/ main functions of first>ai treatment. (2)

(-) /utline the factors to consier when ma"ing an assessment offirst>ai proision in a wor"place.

(-)

3 (a) 7denti%! the 9/ main functions of first>ai treatment. (2)

(-) /utline the factors to consier when ma"ing an assessment offirst ai proision in a wor"place

(-)