Pectinate lineFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Pectinate line

Pectinate line labeled at bottom center.

The interior of the anal cami and lower part of the rectum, showing the

columns of Morgagni and the anal valves between their lower ends.

(Pectinate line visible but not labeled.)

Latin Linea pectinata, linea anocutanea

The pectinate line (dentate line) is a line which divides the upper 2/3s and lower 1/3 of the anal canal.

Developmentally, this line represents thehindgut-proctodeum junction.

It is an important anatomical landmark, and several distinctions can be made based upon the location of a

structure relative to this line:

Distinction Above pectinate line Below pectinate line

destination oflymphdrainage

internal iliac lymph nodes,[1] inferior mesenteric lymph nodes [2]  (pararectal lymph nodes),

superficial inguinal lymph nodes (below Hilton's white line)[3]

epithelium

columnar epithelium (as is most of the digestive tract - the line represents the end of the part of the body derived from the hindgut)

stratified squamous epithelium, non-keratinized (until Hilton's white line, where the anal verge becomes continuous with the perianal skin containing keratinized epithelium.)

embryological origin endoderm ectoderm

artery superior rectal artery middle and inferior rectal arteries

vein superior rectal vein middle and inferior rectal veins

hemorrhoidsclassification internal hemorrhoids (not painful) external hemorrhoids (painful)

nerves inferior hypogastric plexus inferior rectal nerves

Additional images[edit]

Microscopic cross section of the anorectal junction.

 

Anatomy of the anus and rectum

 

Coronal section of rectum and anal canal.

References[edit]

1. Jump up^ Anne M. R. Agur; Moore, Keith L. (2006). Essential Clinical

Anatomy (Point (Lippincott Williams & Wilkins)). Hagerstown, MD:

Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 258. ISBN 0-7817-6274-X.

2. Jump up^ "Dissector Answers - Pelvis & Pelvic Viscera". Retrieved 2007-

12-09.

3. Jump up^ "Pelvis". Retrieved 2007-12-09.

External links[edit]

Pectinate+line  at eMedicine Dictionary

pelvis  at The Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University)

(rectum)

[hide]

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T

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Anatomy of torso, digestive system: Gastrointestinal tract, excluding mouth (TA A05.3–7, TH H3.04.02-04

Upper GI

Hypo- pharynx

Piriform sinus

spaces:

Peripharyngeal space  

Retropharyngeal space

Parapharyngeal space

Retrovisceral space  

Retropharyngeal space

Danger space

Prevertebral space

Pterygomandibular raphe

Pharyngeal raphe

Buccopharyngeal fascia

Pharyngobasilar fascia

Pharyngeal muscles

Esophagus

UES

LES

Esophageal glands

Serosa  / Adventitia

Muscular layer

Submucosa

Mucosa  

Muscularis mucosa

Stomachby region:

Greater curvature

Lesser curvature  

Angular incisure

Cardia

Body

Fundus

Pylorus  

antrum

canal

sphincter

by layer:

Serosa

Muscular layer

Submucosa

Gastric mucosa  

Muscularis mucosa

Gastric rugae

Gastric pits

Gastric gland

Cardiac glands

Fundic glands

Pyloric glands

Goblet cell

Lower

GI

Intestine: small

Layers

Serosa

Subserosa

Muscular layer

Circular folds

Submucosa

Mucosa  

Muscularis mucosa

Peyer's patches

Intestinal villus

Intestinal gland

Duodenum

Suspensory muscle

Major duodenal papilla

Minor duodenal papilla

Duodenal cap

Duodenojejunal flexure

Brunner's glands

Jejunumno substructures

IleumTerminal ileum

Ileocecal valve

Intestine: large

Layers

Serosa

Subserosa

Muscular layer

Submucosa

Mucosa

CecumVermiform appendix

Colon

ascending colon

hepatic flexure

transverse colon

splenic flexure

descending colon

sigmoid colon

continuous 

taenia coli

haustra

epiploic appendix

RectumTransverse folds of rectum

Rectal ampulla

Anal canal

Anal columns

Anal valves

Anal sinuses

Pectinate line

Sphincter ani internus muscle

Intersphincteric groove

Sphincter ani externus muscle

Anus

M: DIG anat (t, g, p)/phys/devp/enzy noco/cong/tumr, sysi/epon

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