Pemeriksaan Hiv Aids

8/18/2019 Pemeriksaan Hiv Aids

1/15

PEMERIKSAANPEMERIKSAAN

LABORATORIUMLABORATORIUMHIV / AIDSHIV / AIDS

SAMPURNASAMPURNA

Bagian Patologi KlinikBagian Patologi KlinikFK.UNISSULAFK.UNISSULA


2/15

PENDAHULUAN

HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)

- retrovirus penyebab penyait AID! (Ac"uired Immunodeficiency!yndrome)

- td # ba$ian %

enve&ope $&ioprotein % $p ' $p *+

capsid iosa,edra& % protein p

core sepasan$ .NA rantai tun$$a& en/im


3/15


4/15

0A12A.AN 3LINI!

HIV masu tubu, manusia ber$abun$ d$ DNA

oran$ d$ HIV #-+ t, AID!

0e4a&a %

5 6a,ap infesi aut $e4a&a tida ,as d&m 7 m$ I

*5 6a,ap asimtomati tanpa $e4a&a d&m 7 m$ 8 b&n9t,n

#5 6a,ap simtomati rin$an 22 ↓ $e4a&a u&it9mu&ut

'5 6a,ap AID! infesi oportunisti


5/15


6/15

Definisi AID!

tes HIV (:) * $e4a&a mayor $e4a&a minor

0e4a&a mayor %- 22 ↓ ; +< d&m b&n

- diare ; b&n

- demam ; b&n- esadaran ↓ 9 $an$$5 neuro&o$is

- demensia9 HIV ensefa&opati

0e4a&a minor %- batu ; b&n

- dermatiits $enera&isata

- ,erpes /oster mu&tise$men9beru&an$

- andidiasis oro farin$ea&

- &imfadenopati $enera&isata

- infesi 4amur beru&an$

- retinitis

- !aroma aposi

- pneumonia beru&an$&aborat (-) AID!

http://images.google.co.id/imgres?imgurl=http://z.about.com/d/p/440/e/f/1363.jpg&imgrefurl=http://adam.about.com/encyclopedia/1363.htm&h=226&w=306&sz=14&hl=en&start=16&tbnid=SUbHq46933jcKM:&tbnh=86&tbnw=117&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dsarcoma%2Bkaposi%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26lr%3Dlang_en%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.co.id/imgres?imgurl=http://www.aids-info.ch/bilder/schule_aids/jpg_bilder/koch18_4.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.aids-info.ch/e_te/aas-e-kb.htm&h=875&w=591&sz=220&hl=en&start=2&tbnid=jjkFQAA0rQ4lQM:&tbnh=146&tbnw=99&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dsarcoma%2Bkaposi%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26lr%3Dlang_en%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.co.id/imgres?imgurl=http://www.dentistry.leeds.ac.uk/oralpath/viruses/viral%2520infections/340%2520images/other%2520viral%2520images/Kaposi%27s%2520sarcoma%2520leg.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.dentistry.leeds.ac.uk/oralpath/viruses/viral%2520infections/HIV.htm&h=540&w=720&sz=44&hl=en&start=1&tbnid=FumErrQzPtAbpM:&tbnh=105&tbnw=140&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dsarcoma%2Bkaposi%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26lr%3Dlang_en%26sa%3DG


7/15

http://images.google.co.id/imgres?imgurl=http://www.lib.uiowa.edu/hardin/md/pictures22/cdc/6058_072_lores.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.lib.uiowa.edu/hardin/md/cdc/6058.html&h=464&w=700&sz=52&hl=en&start=7&tbnid=-GwF_lobeNrcUM:&tbnh=93&tbnw=140&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dsarcoma%2Bkaposi%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26lr%3Dlang_en%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.co.id/imgres?imgurl=http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Kaposi%27s_Sarcoma.jpg/800px-Kaposi%27s_Sarcoma.jpg&imgrefurl=http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:Kaposi&h=533&w=800&sz=156&hl=en&start=35&tbnid=elq7uLQ6WxEtyM:&tbnh=95&tbnw=143&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dsarcoma%2Bkaposi%26start%3D20%26ndsp%3D20%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26lr%3Dlang_en%26sa%3DNhttp://images.google.co.id/imgres?imgurl=http://z.about.com/d/p/440/e/f/1363.jpg&imgrefurl=http://adam.about.com/encyclopedia/1363.htm&h=226&w=306&sz=14&hl=en&start=16&tbnid=SUbHq46933jcKM:&tbnh=86&tbnw=117&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dsarcoma%2Bkaposi%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26lr%3Dlang_en%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.co.id/imgres?imgurl=http://www.lib.uiowa.edu/hardin/md/pictures22/cdc/6058_072_lores.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.lib.uiowa.edu/hardin/md/cdc/6058.html&h=464&w=700&sz=52&hl=en&start=7&tbnid=-GwF_lobeNrcUM:&tbnh=93&tbnw=140&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dsarcoma%2Bkaposi%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26lr%3Dlang_en%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.co.id/imgres?imgurl=http://www.pathexo.fr/images/2003n2/2369fig1.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.pathexo.fr/pages/2003n2/icono-2369.html&h=526&w=340&sz=42&hl=en&start=5&tbnid=cxP-679lhQS0mM:&tbnh=132&tbnw=85&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dsarcoma%2Bkaposi%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26lr%3Dlang_en%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.co.id/imgres?imgurl=http://www.aids-info.ch/bilder/schule_aids/jpg_bilder/koch18_4.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.aids-info.ch/e_te/aas-e-kb.htm&h=875&w=591&sz=220&hl=en&start=2&tbnid=jjkFQAA0rQ4lQM:&tbnh=146&tbnw=99&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dsarcoma%2Bkaposi%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26lr%3Dlang_en%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.co.id/imgres?imgurl=http://www.dentistry.leeds.ac.uk/oralpath/viruses/viral%2520infections/340%2520images/other%2520viral%2520images/Kaposi%27s%2520sarcoma%2520leg.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.dentistry.leeds.ac.uk/oralpath/viruses/viral%2520infections/HIV.htm&h=540&w=720&sz=44&hl=en&start=1&tbnid=FumErrQzPtAbpM:&tbnh=105&tbnw=140&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dsarcoma%2Bkaposi%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26lr%3Dlang_en%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.co.id/imgres?imgurl=http://www.med.yale.edu/intmed/cardio/imaging/cases/pneumonia_rll/graphics/rad1.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.med.yale.edu/intmed/cardio/imaging/cases/pneumonia_rll/index.html&h=386&w=473&sz=143&hl=en&start=3&tbnid=_GXj7a-odG3HTM:&tbnh=105&tbnw=129&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dpneumonia%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26lr%3Dlang_en%26sa%3DG


8/15

http://images.google.co.id/imgres?imgurl=http://209.126.144.9/assets/images/MTG_new_pics/pneumonia.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.medtogo.com/249.html&h=267&w=285&sz=62&hl=en&start=18&tbnid=KLuuX65Nov2JVM:&tbnh=108&tbnw=115&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dpneumonia%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26lr%3Dlang_en%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.co.id/imgres?imgurl=http://www.humanillnesses.com/images/hdc_0001_0001_0_img0074.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.humanillnesses.com/Infectious-Diseases-My-Si/Pneumonia.html&h=181&w=335&sz=21&hl=en&start=7&tbnid=Ia17UxtOd3s1yM:&tbnh=64&tbnw=119&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dpneumonia%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26lr%3Dlang_en%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.co.id/imgres?imgurl=http://www.med.yale.edu/intmed/cardio/imaging/cases/pneumonia_rll/graphics/rad1.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.med.yale.edu/intmed/cardio/imaging/cases/pneumonia_rll/index.html&h=386&w=473&sz=143&hl=en&start=3&tbnid=_GXj7a-odG3HTM:&tbnh=105&tbnw=129&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dpneumonia%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26lr%3Dlang_en%26sa%3DG


9/15

A&ur pemerisaan infesi HIV

Didu$a infesi HIV

Adaa, 9 &ebi, temuan

&inis

Adaa, fator risio

epidemio&o$is

!imtomati

6ida beraitan d$ HIV

Infesi HIV simtomati

Lauan tes &aboratorium

D$ onse&in$ pra = pasca tes

Hasi& pemerisaan &ab (:) ut

infesi HIV >

tida

tida

ya

ya


10/15

PE1E.I3!AAN LA2?.A6?.IU1PE1E.I3!AAN LA2?.A6?.IU1

PE1E.I3!AAN !E.?L?0I%PE1E.I3!AAN !E.?L?0I%

DE6E3!I AN6I2?D@ AN6I 8 HIVDE6E3!I AN6I2?D@ AN6I 8 HIV

DEN0AN 1E6?DE ELI!ADEN0AN 1E6?DE ELI!A

6E!6 3?NI.1A!I BI3A D05 ELI!A :6E!6 3?NI.1A!I BI3A D05 ELI!A :

ANALI!I! CE!6E.N 2L?6 UN6U3 ANALI!I! CE!6E.N 2L?6 UN6U3

1ENEN6U3AN AN6I 2?D@ 6E.HADAP1ENEN6U3AN AN6I 2?D@ 6E.HADAP

2E2E.APA P.?6EIN HIV !EPE.6I2E2E.APA P.?6EIN HIV !EPE.6I

p*' p# $p5' DAN $p5*+p*' p# $p5' DAN $p5*+


11/15

PE1E.I3!AAN 0ENE HIV DEN0ANPE1E.I3!AAN 0ENE HIV DEN0AN

A.A PE1E3A.AN BU1LAH 0ENAA.A PE1E3A.AN BU1LAH 0ENA

1ELALUI 6E3NI3 0ENE1ELALUI 6E3NI3 0ENE

A1PLIIA6I?NF 1E6?DE P. A1PLIIA6I?NF 1E6?DE P.

( [email protected]!E HAIN .EA6I?N )( [email protected]!E HAIN .EA6I?N )


12/15

A&ur pemerisaan &aboratorium infesi HIV

6erdu$a infesi HIV simtomati

A

A (-) A (:)

A*

A (:) A* (:) A (:) A* (-)

U&an$i A A*

A (:) A* (:) A (:) A* (-) A (-) A* (-)

A#

A(:) A*(:) A#(:) A(:) A*(:) A#(-) A(:) A*(-) A#(:) A(:) A*(-) A#(-)

Laporan positif An$$ap indeterminate

.isio tin$$i .isio renda,

An$$ap indeterminate An$$ap ne$atif


13/15

A - tes inisia& sb$ u4i sarin$

- rapid tes

A* - tes a&ternatif

- prinsip dasar tes =9 preparasi anti$en ,arusberbeda d$ tes A

- ELI!A

A# - tes onfirmasi

- C2 IA5

- 4 td tersedia tes berbeda prinsip tes berbeda

d$ A = a* % vira& &ysate recombinant9syntetiicpo&ypeptide


14/15


15/15

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Pemeriksaan Hiv Aids