Persia and Greece

I. Introduction

A. Greece and Persia were neighboring empires that … WHEN???

B. Dual expansion led …C. Despite Persia’s defeat at the hands of the

Greeks…1. Decline2. Legacy – Why do we focus so heavily on

Greece???3. Greece was no more important than any other

classic civilization.

II. Before Persia

A. Assyria (950 – 612 BCE)1. Ruled area of ???2. Declined because

a. Empire was …b. Nobles were…c. Rebellions

II. Before Persia

III. Persia (550 – 330 B.C.E.)

III. Persia (550 – 330 B.C.E.) CONT

A. Rise1. Location2. Cyrus the Great and Darius3. Darius attacks … BUT ???4. Xerxes

a. Battle of Thermopylae

5. Battle of Salamis

III. Persia (550 – 330 B.C.E.) CONT

B. Social Structure and Culture1. Family structure ???2. Social Classes: What do you think they were?

a. Warriors, Priests, Noblesb. Scribes, Merchants, Bureaucratsc. Peasants, Artisans

3. Language

III. Persia (550 – 330 B.C.E.) CONT

C. Religion1. Zoroastrianism – Emphasizes ???

a. Choosing between ???b. Last judgment …c. First step in the direction of …

III. Persia (550 – 330 B.C.E.) CONTD. Political structure

1. Centralized Government HOW???a. Empire was divided into ???

A. Satrapies – provinces

b. Governed by ???A. Satraps (governors)B. Who were they???

c. The regions paid tribute to the king WHAT???d. Conquered peoples had … Led to WHAT???

2. Government built ??? WHY???a. Increased trade and to control the empireb. **FUN FACT ALERT** Led to ???

III. Persia (550 – 330 B.C.E.) CONTE. Decline – Defeat in 477 B.C.E. to ???

1. Played small role in … BUT …

Persian War

IV. Classical Greece (500 – 338 BCE) and Hellenistic Empire (323 – 30 BCE)A. Geography

1. ???2. Lacked ??? Led to ???3. Natural barriers led to …

a. No central government

4. Also led to …5. Hellenistic empire

IV. Classical Greece (500 – 338 BCE) and Hellenistic Empire (323 – 30 BCE)B. The Emergence of City-States (Poli)

1. Featured ???a. Stress on …

2. City-States competed for ???3. Two strongest city-states ??? fought in …

a. Who wins???b. Who REALLY wins???

1) Weakened Greek unity2) Conquered by ???

a) King Philip of Macedoniab) Alexander the Great

IV. Classical Greece (500 – 338 BCE) and Hellenistic Empire (323 – 30 BCE)C. Religion

1. Polytheistic religion featuring …2. Little appeal among the commoners since it

lacked “mystery.” a. What does “mystery” mean???b. Hellenistic age produces many mystery religions

3. No major religion established differs from ???

IV. Classical Greece (500 – 338 BCE) and Hellenistic Empire (323 – 30 BCE)D. Politics – Birth of ???

1. Expansion of trade led to …2. Eventually led to ???

a. Caused a shift in people’s allegiance from …b. Led to wide-spread participation in government –

DEMOCRACYc. Does everyone vote??? Can anyone be a

politician??? WHY???

3. Level of democracy varieda. Athens??? Sparta???

IV. Classical Greece (500 – 338 BCE) and Hellenistic Empire (323 – 30 BCE)E. Greek Society

1. Patriarchal – BUT…2. Slavery

IV. Classical Greece (500 – 338 BCE) and Hellenistic Empire (323 – 30 BCE)F. Greek Culture

1. Large cultural gap …2. Based on four principles:

1) Emphasis on ???2) Art and sculpture glorified ???3) Drama and philosophy stressed …4) The philosophical and scientific tradition

emphasized ???

3. Major Philosophers???

IV. Classical Greece (500 – 338 BCE) and Hellenistic Empire (323 – 30 BCE)G. Decline

1. Alexander creates …

IV. Classical Greece (500 – 338 BCE) and Hellenistic Empire (323 – 30 BCE)

2. After Alexander’s death, the empire declined… WHY???

3. Hellenistic Agea. Blending of …

4. Hellenistic Kingdomsa. Macedonia – Antigonid Dynastyb. Syria & East – Seleucid Dynastyc. Pergamum – Attalid Dynastyd. Egypt – Ptolemy Dynasty

V. ConclusionA. Greeks did not develop ??? Who did???

1. Democracy of Greeks was …2. In 1700s used to justify establishing own forms of

democracy

B. Legacy was …1. Citizenship2. Heritage of Slavery3. Art and Philosophy – Most Lasting Contribution

a. KEY IDEA – Ordinary People…

4. Fundamental in developing Middle Eastern and Western Civilization