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C. Kiesling, KET-Strategie-Workshop 2010, Dortmund, 25.-26. Oktober 2010 1
Warum ist die „Flavor-Physik“ interessant?
Neue Physik im Flavor Sector?
Physikpotenzial bei Ultrahoher Luminosität
Maschine und Belle II
Zeitplan und Zusammenfassung
Christian KieslingMPI für Physik, München
Perspektiven der b-Physik
2
Surprising Discoveries in Weak Interactions of Quarks
T.D. Lee C.N. Yang 1957
P violated maximallyin weak Interactions.
M. Kobayashi T. Maskawa 2008
O(1) CP violation and 3 generations
J. Cronin V. Fitch 1980
Small CP violation in neutralK system
C. Kiesling, KET-Strategie-Workshop 2010, Dortmund, 25.-26. Oktober 2010
3
Why is CP Violation Interesting ?
The Standard Model SU3 x SU2 x U1 (SM) describes all data so far,
Dark Matter exists (only 4% of the Universe accounted for by SM)
At least two of them have to do with CP Violation
Neutrinos have mass (Dirac, Majorana?)
Baryon Asymmetry in the Universe ismuch too large (by 10 orders of magnitude)
Evidence for Physics beyond the Standard Model:
needvery high energy
(LHC) orvery high precision(Super B factories) CP : One of the so-called Sakharov-conditions
yet: cannot be the correct theory, SM only a „low energy“ approximation
C. Kiesling, KET-Strategie-Workshop 2010, Dortmund, 25.-26. Oktober 2010
4
The CKM Matrix and the Unitarity Triangle(s)
weak decays of hadrons (quarks change flavor) are described in the SM by the (unitary) CKM matrix
sinC
l q2 3
CKM 2 2
3 2
1 / 2 ( )
1 / 2
(1 ) 1
ud us ub
cd cs cb
td ts tb
A iV V V
V V V V A
V V V A i A
l l l r h
l l l
l r h l
æ öæ ö - - ÷ç÷ç ÷÷ çç ÷÷ çç ÷÷ çº = - -ç ÷÷ ç ÷ç ÷ ÷ç÷ç ÷ç÷ç ÷- - -÷ç ÷çè ø è ø
Cabibbo, Kobayashi, Maskawa
Triangle for K mesons
* * * 0ud us cd cs td tsV V V V V V+ + =
* * * 0ud ub cd cb td tbV V V V V V+ + =
Triangle for B mesons
(almost real)
large angles =large CP
C. Kiesling, KET-Strategie-Workshop 2010, Dortmund, 25.-26. Oktober 2010
C. Kiesling, KET-Strategie-Workshop 2010, Dortmund, 25.-26. Oktober 2010 5
Types of CP Violation in the B-System
B f B f directCP violation
BCPf
BCPf
BCPf
B
BCPf
B
22
2 2mixing-inducedCP violation
„mixing“:
(charged andneutral B mesons)
(onlyneutral B mesons)
bd
bd
t t0B0BW
tdV
0 0
0 0
L
H
B pB qB
B pB qB
= +
= -
( ) ( )H L
m M B M BD = -
C. Kiesling, KET-Strategie-Workshop 2010, Dortmund, 25.-26. Oktober 2010 6
Example: Mixing-Induced CP Violation
0 0| ; |CP CPA B A By y= =
0B CPy CPy
0B0B
0B¹A
A
A
CPy : CP eigenstate
pq
qp
0 0
0 0
2
2 2
( ; ) ( ; )( , )
( ; ) ( ; )
1 2 Im( )cos sin
1 1
CPB t B t
tB t B t
m t m ty y
y y
y yy
y y
l l
l l
G D -G DD =
G D +G D
-= D D + D D
+ +
q Ap Ayl =
A
7
z c tbgD = D
The CP Observables: What do we measure?
(4 )S¡HER (e-) LER (e+)
some state , orCP eigenstate, e.g.
flavor eigenstate
/
1S
J K
CP
y=-
0 0( )B B0 0(4 )e e S B B+ - ¡
Asymmetric beam energies: translate decay time to decay length
0 0( )B B
0B bd=B-Mesons:
„B-Factory“
Flavor eigenstate, e.g.*,Xl D Xn
( )f f
„flavor tagging“
the„Golden“ channel
C. Kiesling, KET-Strategie-Workshop 2010, Dortmund, 25.-26. Oktober 2010
B decay vertexposition of utmostimportance
C. Kiesling, KET-Strategie-Workshop 2010, Dortmund, 25.-26. Oktober 2010 8
*
*tb td
tcb cd
V VR
V Vº
*
*ub ud
cb cd
b
V V
V VRº
How do we see the New Physics ?
Standard Model: all 5 measurements must give consistency with the triangle
New PhysicsIf triangle „does not close“
Rare decays, e.g.0 0
0
B K l l
K nn
+ -
b s
ll
NP
unexpectedly „large“ branchingfractions
(0) (1)5 observables to measure:2 sides, 3 angles:
heavily over-determined
b s
ll
SM
„Penguin“
C. Kiesling, KET-Strategie-Workshop 2010, Dortmund, 25.-26. Oktober 2010 9
New Physics at the Loop Level ….
NP in CPV asymmetries:
SB Kf
„penguins“
Principle:
Deviation of observable from the SM prediction signals NP
virtual particles in the loopreveal their existence NP
L
/S
B J Ky
SM NP
Rare Decays of B mesons:
,
,
s d
s d
d
s
B X
B X l l
B X
B l l
g
nn
+ -
+ -
( )( )( )( )
4
6
6
9
10
10
10
10
-
-
-
-
need precision (statistics) to challenge the SM
SM pred.leptons:
t mgt mmmt mh
NP couldmake thesedecayspossible
83.5GeV2.1×1034cm-2s-1
B-Factories
PEP-II9GeV(e-),3.1GeV(e+)1.21034cm-1s-1
BABARDetector
4 lyr.
world record !C. Kiesling, KET-Strategie-Workshop 2010, Dortmund, 25.-26. Oktober 2010 10
C. Kiesling, KET-Strategie-Workshop 2010, Dortmund, 25.-26. Oktober 2010 11
Luminosity accumulated at Present B-Factories
PEP-IIstopped
30.6.2010: KEKB stopped
C. Kiesling, KET-Strategie-Workshop 2010, Dortmund, 25.-26. Oktober 2010 12
Comparison Tree and Penguins for N1 ($)
penguins fromDalitz plotanalysis
tree
penguins from2-body decays
N1 from tree andpenguins (still) consistent
only small contr. from T -> „eff.“
note: Theory would favor 1 1efff f>
b ccs
b sqq penguins
C. Kiesling, KET-Strategie-Workshop 2010, Dortmund, 25.-26. Oktober 2010 13
Another Puzzle: Direct CP Violation in B Kp
Nature 452, 332 (2008)
( ) 0CPA K p+ - <WA: 0.098 0.012-
0( ) 0CPA K p+ >WA: 0.050 0.025+
0B 0B
B- B+
- Large color-suppressedtree amplitude?
- Enhanced EW penguin?- New Physics?
should be equal !
14
Energy reach of the Super Flavor Factories
No flavor structure for NP: 100 1000 TeVNP
L ³ -
Look for FCNC processes (highly suppressed in SM):
Assumption on NP flavor sector:Minimal Flavor Violation (MFV)
Measure, e.g., the decay rates:
0 0
0
0
sB X l l
K l l
K nn
+ -
+ -
(inclusive)(exclusive)
.
.
.
.
150 abdt -=ò %é ùê úë û
~2 OoM increase
C. Kiesling, KET-Strategie-Workshop 2010, Dortmund, 25.-26. Oktober 2010
C. Kiesling, KET-Strategie-Workshop 2010, Dortmund, 25.-26. Oktober 2010 15
The Unitarity Triangle in the year 2020
150 abdt -=ò
SM correct present tensions stay …
… the dream !a nightmare …
C. Kiesling, KET-Strategie-Workshop 2010, Dortmund, 25.-26. Oktober 2010 16
LHCb vs Super Flavor Factories
LHCb and Super B Fact. will run concurrently. largely complementary
sB oscillations rare B decays, such as
,B l B Kn nn+ + ,b s b sl lg + -
inclusive processes (full reconstruction)
, bottom baryonscB
0 0D D mixing
0,s dB mm
/ , , , ,B J yf pp rp rr ppp
LHCb Super B Factories
/S
B J Ky
large samples, charged particles generally many more final statesesp. with photons, neutrinos
0 ,D K K Kp+ - + - Rare decays of leptons
exclusive processes
C. Kiesling, KET-Strategie-Workshop 2010, Dortmund, 25.-26. Oktober 2010 17
4 x y
N N fR
ps s+ -=
( ), 2ye
y yx x y
NrRx
bx
pg s s s-
++
æ ö÷ç ÷ç ÷= ç ÷ç ÷ç ÷+ ÷çè ø
Strategies for High Luminosity @ Super BF’s
basic formula for the (instantaneous) luminosity
Accelerator physicists usually like this one better:
beam-beam parameter(or tune shift)
,12
y y
e x y y
I Rer Rx
s xg
s b+ ++
æ öæ öæ ö ÷ç÷ ÷ ÷ç ç ç÷ ÷ ÷ç ç ç= + ÷ ÷ ÷ç ç ç÷ ÷ ÷ç ç ç÷ ÷ ÷ç çè øè ø ÷çè ø
stored current tune shift
vertical beta function at IP
, , ,x y x y x ys e b=
beam emittance(need damping ring(s))
,R x : reduction factors(geometrical)
,x ys : beam spot sizeat IP
C. Kiesling, KET-Strategie-Workshop 2010, Dortmund, 25.-26. Oktober 2010 18
SuperKEKBe-e+
Tunnel already exists.Most of the components (magnets, klystrons,etc) will be re‐used.
e+ 3.7 A
e- 2.1 A
Goal: reach > 8 × 1035 cm-2s-1
4 GeV7 GeV
new ante-chamberbeam pipe
new low-emittanceRF-gun forLER
new damping ringfor HER
new arc lattice forHER
new IR optics
X-angle = 83 mradUpgrade Program:
financed by Japan
50 70 nmy
s = -
Funding Situation of the Machine
C. Kiesling, KET-Strategie-Workshop 2010, Dortmund, 25.-26. Oktober 2010
Now officially called „SuperKEKB“
KEKB upgrade plan has been practically approved
Final decision expected by the end of this year
19
C. Kiesling, KET-Strategie-Workshop 2010, Dortmund, 25.-26. Oktober 2010 20
Belle
“Belle II”
SVD: 4 lyr -> 2 DEPFET layers + 4 DSSD layersCDC: small cell, long lever armACC+TOF -> TOP+A-RICHECL: waveform sampling, pure CsI for end-capsKLM: RPC -> Scintillator +SiPM (end-caps)
new dead time free readout and high speed computing systems
Detector for SuperKEKB: Belle II
7 GeV e-
„backward“ 4 GeV e+
„forward“
CDC
SVD PXD
PID
ECL (CsI (Tl))
KLM („KL µ“, barrel)KLM(endc.)
ECL(CsI)
ECL(CsI)
Very high backgroundsfrom SuperKEKB !!
C. Kiesling, KET-Strategie-Workshop 2010, Dortmund, 25.-26. Oktober 2010 21
Belle
“Belle II”
SVD: 4 lyr -> 2 DEPFET layers + 4 DSSD layersCDC: small cell, long lever armACC+TOF -> TOP+A-RICHECL: waveform sampling, pure CsI for end-capsKLM: RPC -> Scintillator +SiPM (end-caps)
new dead time free readout and high speed computing systems
Detector for SuperKEKB: Belle II
7 GeV e-
„backward“ 4 GeV e+
„forward“
CDC
SVD PXD
PID
ECL (CsI (Tl))
KLM („KL µ“, barrel)KLM(endc.)
ECL(CsI)
ECL(CsI)
Very high backgroundsfrom SuperKEKB !!
pixel technology:DEPFET: German invention (MPI)
C. Kiesling, KET-Strategie-Workshop 2010, Dortmund, 25.-26. Oktober 2010 22
p-channel FET on a completely depleted bulkinvented at MPI, produced at HLL
A deep n-implant creates a potential minimum for electrons under the gate(“internal gate”)
Signal electrons accumulate in the internal gate and modulate the transistor current (gq ~ 400 pA/e-)
Accumulated charge can be removed by a clear contact (“reset”)
DEPFET Principle
Fully depleted: large signal, fast signal collection
Low capacitance, internal amplification
low noiseTransistor on only during readout:
low power
Depleted p-channel FET
23
Row wise read-out ("rolling shutter mode")
select row with external gate read current, clear internal gate, read current again
the difference is the signal
only one row active low power consumption
three different auxiliary ASICs needed
n x mpixel
IDRAIN
DEPFET- matrix
VGATE, OFF
off
off
on
off
VGATE, ON
gate
drain VCLEAR, OFF
off
off
reset
off
VCLEAR, ON
reset
output
0 suppressionVCLEAR-Control
Array of DEPFETs
Switcher
DCD (drain current digitizer)
DHP (data handling processor)C. Kiesling, KET-Strategie-Workshop 2010, Dortmund, 25.-26. Oktober 2010
SuperKEKB: Nano beam option, 1 cm radius of beam pipe
Significant improvement in z-vertex resolution
2 layer Si pixel detector (DEPFET technology)(R = 1.4, 2.2 cm) monolithic sensorthickness 75 µm (!), pixel size ~50 x 50 µm²
4 layer Si strip detector (DSSD)(R = 3.8, 8.0, 11.5, 14.0 cm)
15m
30m
Belle
Belle II
psin() [GeV/c]0.4 2.00 0.8 1.2 1.6
100
20
50
σ [µm]
SVD
PXD
„PXD“
„SVD“
PXD+SVD
Silicon Tracking System @ Belle II
DEPFET:thin sensor (50 µm)unique worldwide
C. Kiesling, KET-Strategie-Workshop 2010, Dortmund, 25.-26. Oktober 2010 24
C. Kiesling, KET-Strategie-Workshop 2010, Dortmund, 25.-26. Oktober 2010 25
Full-Size Mockup of the PXD
…with real thinnedSi ladders
DEPFET-Collab. @ Belle IIOriginal Collaboration: DEPFET pixel detector @ ILC (since 2002)now: Unite efforts to deliver a REAL PXD by end of 2013 for Belle II
University of Barcelona, Spain CNM, Barcelona, Spain IHEP Beijing, ChinaUniversity of Bonn (N. Wermes, H. Krüger)University of Heidelberg (P. Fischer, I. Peric) University of Giessen (W. Kühn, S. Lange)University of Göttingen (A. Frey)University of Karlsruhe (T. Müller, M. Feindt)IFJ PAN, Krakow, PolandLudw.-Max.-University, Munich (J. Schieck)Max-Planck-Institute for Physics, MunichTechnical University, Munich (S. Paul)Charles University, Prague, Czech RepublicIFCA Santander, Spain IFIC, Valencia, Spain
DEPFET@Belle II
Management:
Project LeaderC. Kiesling (MPI)
Technical Coord.H.-G. Moser (MPI)
IB- BoardChair: Z. Dolezal (Prag)
Integration CoordinatorShuji Tanaka (KEK)
C. Kiesling, KET-Strategie-Workshop 2010, Dortmund, 25.-26. Oktober 2010 26
C. Kiesling, KET-Strategie-Workshop 2010, Dortmund, 25.-26. Oktober 2010 27
SuperKEKB and Belle-II 1.7 A e-
1.4 A e+
Belle-II Collaboration founded in Dec. 2008now over 350 members from 47 institutions and 13 countriesstrong European participation:Austria, Germany, Czech Republic,Poland, Spain, Slovenia,(mainly in Pixel Vertex Detector,
Si Strip Detector)
Tsukuba, Japan
C. Kiesling, KET-Strategie-Workshop 2010, Dortmund, 25.-26. Oktober 2010 28
Schedule for SuperKEKB and Belle II
First beamsOct. 1, 2014
Official KEK schedule
C. Kiesling, KET-Strategie-Workshop 2010, Dortmund, 25.-26. Oktober 2010 29
Zusammenfassung
„Neue Physik“ benötigt, um die beobachtete Materie-Antimaterie-Asymmetrie zu erklären Neue Quellen der CP-Verletzung !
Machine und Detektor fertig zur Datennahme im Herbst 2014
KEK (Japan): „SuperKEKB“ Projekt (+ Belle II) auf gutem Wege:Teilfinanzierung durch Japanische Regierung (100 M$ von 380 M$ )
„Grünes Licht“ für SuperKEKB
Neue Generation von B-Fabriken zur Suche dieser neuen CP geplant„precision frontier“ (komplementär zum LHC Programm)
Substantielle Beiträge aus Europa (Germany!) zum Vertexdetektor PXD mit eigener, einzigartiger DEPFET Technology (gefördert durch BMBF)
Exzellente Perspektiven für die Flavor-Physik, mit hohem Entdeckungspotenzial, auch bei Massenskalen jenseits des LHC
C. Kiesling, KET-Strategie-Workshop 2010, Dortmund, 25.-26. Oktober 2010 30
Backup
31
High Current Option includes crab crossing and travelling focus.Nano-Beam Option does not include crab waist yet
Comparison of Options
KEKB Design
KEKB Achieved(): with crab
SuperKEKBHigh‐Current
Option
SuperKEKB Nano‐Beam
Option
y* (mm)(LER/HER) 10/10 6.5/5.9 (5.9/5.9) 3/6 0.21/0.37
x (nm) 18/18 18/24(15) 24/18 2.8/1.6
y(m) 1.9 1.1 (0.84) 0.85/0.73 0.070/0.052
y 0.052 0.108/0.056 (0.101/0.096) 0.3/0.51 0.07/0.07
z (mm) 4 ~ 7 5(LER)/3(HER) 6
Ibeam (A) 2.6/1.1 1.8/1.45 (1.62/1.15) 9.4/4.1 3.70/2.13
Nbunches 5000 1387 (1585) 5000 2778
Luminosity(1034 cm‐2 s‐1) 1 1.76 (2.11) 53 80
Nano-beamchosen
C. Kiesling, KET-Strategie-Workshop 2010, Dortmund, 25.-26. Oktober 2010
C. Kiesling, KET-Strategie-Workshop 2010, Dortmund, 25.-26. Oktober 2010 32
Shutdownfor Upgrade
1.2 /ab/month(8 x1035 /cm2/s)
0.9 /ab/month(6 x1035 /cm2/s)
0.6 /ab/month(4 x1035 /cm2/s)
Learning Curve
PhysicsProgram
Evaluation
50 /ab
Expected Luminosity Development
Japanese fiscal year(start 1.4.).
1.4.2014
35 2 1design 8 10 cmL s- -= ´
2005 2010 2015 2020 2025
C. Kiesling, KET-Strategie-Workshop 2010, Dortmund, 25.-26. Oktober 2010 33
sensor wafer
handle wafer
1. implant backsideon sensor wafer
2. bond sensor waferto handle wafer
3. thin sensor sideto desired thickness
4. process DEPFETson top side
5. structure resist,etch backside upto oxide/implant
sensor wafer
handle wafer
1. implant backsideon sensor wafer
2. bond sensor waferto handle wafer
3. thin sensor sideto desired thickness
4. process DEPFETson top side
5. structure resist,etch backside upto oxide/implant
Sensor wafer bonded on “handle” wafer. Rigid frame for handling and mechanical stiffness 50 m thickness produced, 75µm needed for PXD Samples of 10x1.3 cm2 & frame of 1 & 2 mm width Electrical properties tested successfully (diodes)
Thinning Technology
thickness: 0.017 X0
DCD
DHP
DHHSwitcher
~20 cm
10-20 m
Power,Control
Data
TWPPatch-Panel
2 layers: @1.4(2.2) cm
C. Kiesling, KET-Strategie-Workshop 2010, Dortmund, 25.-26. Oktober 2010 34
DAQ,Trigger,Timimg
Opt.
PS, Slow control
halfladder:~800rows
250cols
15 x70(85)mm
Pixels: 50 x 50(75) µm
Thickness:75 µm
total of 8 Mpx
readout: 20 µs
Opt.
Cu
PXD Project - Layout
35
Work Package Distribution
Nr. Work Package Lead Institution Collaborators
1.0 DEPFET Modules1.1 Parameter Definitions MPI PRA
1.2 Sensor Development MPI
1.3 ASIC Development1.3.1 Switcher HEI1.3.2 Current Digitizer (DCD)1.3.3 Data Handling Processor (DHP) BON MPI, UBA1.3.4 Interconnection technology BON HEI, USC, URL
1.4 Module Design1.4.1 Sensor Ladder MPI BON, CNM, HEI, IFV,
IFB
1.4.2Gbit‐Link, Kapton Flex, Patch Panel BON LMU. URL
1.4.3 Data Handling Hybrid (DHH) TUM BON, GOE, URL C. Kiesling, KET-Strategie-Workshop 2010, Dortmund, 25.-26. Oktober 2010
C. Kiesling, KET-Strategie-Workshop 2010, Dortmund, 25.-26. Oktober 2010 36
Work Package Distribution (cont.)
Nr. Work Package Lead Institution Collaborators
1.5 Mechanical Design MPI IFV, KAR, KEK, VIE
1.6 Thermal Issues KAR IFB, IFV, KRA, MPI, VIE
1.7 System
1.7.1 Data Acqusition GIEBON, GOE, KEK, KRA, MPI, TUM, URL
(+pre‐event builder)
1.7.2Power supplies with slow control LMU KEK, KRA, USC
1.7.3 Cooling plant KEK IFV, KAR(refigerator, heat exchanger)
C. Kiesling, KET-Strategie-Workshop 2010, Dortmund, 25.-26. Oktober 2010 37
Work Package Distribution (cont.)
Nr. Work Package Lead Institution Collaborators
2.0 Test Facilities
2.1.1 Test beam setup IFV BON, CNM, HEI, IFB, IFC, KAR, URL, VIE,
2.1.2 Test beam analysis PRA BON, GOE, IFV, MPI, USC
2.1.3 Lab test procedures MPI (all)
2.2 Setups for thermal tests KAR IFC, IFV, MPI, VIE
2.3 Mechanical mockup KAR IFV, MPI
2.4 Irradiation Tests MPI BON, KAR
2.5 Full System Test MPI all
C. Kiesling, KET-Strategie-Workshop 2010, Dortmund, 25.-26. Oktober 2010 38
3.0 Integration and running‐in3.1 Installation in Tsukuba Hall
3.2 Slow controls, calibration
3.3 Radiation monitor(also during machinecommissioning and run‐in )
MPI
3.4 Roll into beamline
Nr. Work Package Lead Institution Collaborators
Work Packages Mostly Uncovered
39
New Tracking System for Belle II
Belle
Belle-II
C. Kiesling, KET-Strategie-Workshop 2010, Dortmund, 25.-26. Oktober 2010
40
00
10
34
56
[cm] layers
[cm]
20
-10-20-30 10 20 30 40
6
64
44 4
46
6
66
64
44 4
44
46
666 6
6 6 6
6
Layer # Ladders
Rect. Sensors[50μm]
Rect. Sensors[75μm]
Wedge Sensors
APVs
6 17 0 68 17 8505 14 0 42 14 5604 10 0 20 10 3003 8 16 0 0 192
Sum: 49 16 130 41 1902
New Si System for Belle II : SuperSVD
300 µm DSSD
Pitch:50/160 µm (rect.)50-75/160 µm(wedge)
C. Kiesling, KET-Strategie-Workshop 2010, Dortmund, 25.-26. Oktober 2010
41
Total material budget: 0.6% X0
(cf. 0.48% for conventional readout)
APV25(thinned to 100µm)
zylon ribcooling pipe
DSSDRohacellKapton
side view
• Thinned readout chips (APV25) on sensor
• Strips of bottom side are connected by flex fanouts wrapped around the edge
• All readout chips are aligned single cooling pipe
• Shortest possible connections high signal-to-noise ratio
zylon rib
APV25 cooling pipe
3-layer kapton hybrid
integrated fanout(or: second metal)
DSSD
single-layer flex wrapped to p-side
Chip on Sensor: The Origami Concept (SVD)
only layers 4-6 (rect. sensors)
C. Kiesling, KET-Strategie-Workshop 2010, Dortmund, 25.-26. Oktober 2010
42
SVD Mechanics and Material Budget
0 10 20 30 40 50 600
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
Profile [mm]
Radi
atio
nLe
ngth
[%]
Sandwich Design
“Batman” distribution of pipe and coolant
CFRP
Pipe APV Kapton
RohacellSensor
Coolant
C. Kiesling, KET-Strategie-Workshop 2010, Dortmund, 25.-26. Oktober 2010
43
Belle Belle-IIRadius of inner boundary (mm) 77 160Radius of outer boundary (mm) 880 1096Radius of inner most sense wire (mm) 88 168Radius of outer most sense wire (mm) 863 1082Number of layers 50 58Number of total sense wires 8400 15104Effective radius of dE/dx measurement (mm) 752 928Gas He-C2H6 He-C2H6
Diameter of sense wire (m) 30 30
New Central Drift Chamber (CDC)
C. Kiesling, KET-Strategie-Workshop 2010, Dortmund, 25.-26. Oktober 2010
44
New Central Drift Chamber (CDC)
Belle
Belle-II small cells, longer lever arm
normal cell: 13.3 x 16 mm2
small cell: 5.4 x 5.0 mm2
z-coordinate via standard stereo wire arrangement, charge division planned
dE/dx: 4.8%for 56 layers
C. Kiesling, KET-Strategie-Workshop 2010, Dortmund, 25.-26. Oktober 2010
45
~400mm
Linear-array type photon detector
LX
20mm
Quartz radiatorx
y
z
2.6m
1.2m
e- : 7 GeV e+ : 4 GeV
forwardbackward
TOP A-RICH
Upgrade: Particle Identification
3σ K/pi separation (barrel)4σ K/pi separation up to 4 GeV
(end caps)
Goal:
TOP: time of propagation
C. Kiesling, KET-Strategie-Workshop 2010, Dortmund, 25.-26. Oktober 2010
C. Kiesling, KET-Strategie-Workshop 2010, Dortmund, 25.-26. Oktober 2010 46
Ring imaging with : – One coordinate with a few mm precision– Time-of-arrival
Excellent time resolution < ~40psrequired for single photon in 1.5T B field
5mm
40cm
2cm
MCP-PMT
Baseline Design for Barrel PID (TOP)
TOP =Time of Propagation
C. Kiesling, KET-Strategie-Workshop 2010, Dortmund, 25.-26. Oktober 2010 47
420mm
1145mm
Proximity focusing RICH with silica aerogel asCherenkov radiator for new Belle forward PID
200mm
x-y view of forward end-cap
Baseline Design for Endcap PID (A-RICH)
Aerogel radiator Photodetector
high indexlow indexReadout electronics
Position sensitive PDIn the B field of 1.5Tesla
C. Kiesling, KET-Strategie-Workshop 2010, Dortmund, 25.-26. Oktober 2010 48
PID Improvement in Belle-II
2
*
( )~
( )td
ts
Br B V
VBr B K
r g
g
Present Belle PID Belle II PID
difficult becauseof dominating
(Backgroundfrom K‘s misident. as π‘s)
0 0B r g
B r g+ +
B rg
(~ 1/40)
*K g
49
• Increase of dark current due to neutron flux• Fake clusters & pile-up noise
Barrel: 500 ns shaping + 2MHz w.f. sampling.
Endcap: rad. hard crystals with short decay time (e.g. pure CsI) + photopentodes30ns shaping + 43MHz w.f. sampling
Barrel
BW endcap
x1/1.5
x1/5
Calorimeter Upgrade (ECL)
Pileup Reduction:
FADC: 16 samplesC. Kiesling, KET-Strategie-Workshop 2010, Dortmund, 25.-26. Oktober 2010
50
SiPM, e.g.Hamamatsu1.3x1.3 mm2
Iron plate
Aluminum frame
x-strip plane
y-strip plane
• Two independent (x and y) layers in one superlayer made of orthogonal scintillator strips with WLS read out
• Photo-detector: avalanche photodiode in Geiger mode (SiPM) • ~120 strips in one 90º sector
(max L=280cm, w=25mm)• ~30000 read out channels• Geometrical acceptance > 99%
Upgrade of KLM (Endcaps)
676 pixels (20x20µm2)
C. Kiesling, KET-Strategie-Workshop 2010, Dortmund, 25.-26. Oktober 2010
SuperB Project (INFN)
Proto-Collaboration:Italy, USA, France, Russia, UK, CanadaC. Kiesling, KET-Strategie-Workshop 2010, Dortmund, 25.-26. Oktober 2010 51
Damping ring
Collider hall
SuperB @ LNF
LER: polaized e-
X-angle 60 mrad
HER: 7 GeVLER: 4 GeV
ship LER from PEP,+ parts ofBaBar
ILC-like FF („nano beam“)
L > 1036 / cm sC. Kiesling, KET-Strategie-Workshop 2010, Dortmund, 25.-26. Oktober 2010 52
C. Kiesling, KET-Strategie-Workshop 2010, Dortmund, 25.-26. Oktober 2010 53
SuperB Detector
40 cm30 cm
20 cm
Layer0
New SVT:5 + 1 layersL0 under discussion
Some maincomponents fromBaBar (magnet, yoke ..)
New:Drift Chamber,PID (RICH),EM calorimeter(Lyso or CsI ?)
C. Kiesling, KET-Strategie-Workshop 2010, Dortmund, 25.-26. Oktober 2010 54
SuperB Project Status
Foil fromrecentpresentationby M. Giorgi