PHP+MySQL動態網頁設計140.129.118.16/~richwang/Database/PHPnMySQL-DynamicPageDes… · PHP與MySQL的組合既簡單又精彩。PHP有許多管理和維護MySQL的工具，對MySQL的支持是最全面的。許多有用

2002/9/15 國立中央大學電算中心陳慶彥 1

PHP+MySQL動態網頁設計

(For Linux)

國立中央大學電算中心陳慶彥

[email protected]://www.ncu.edu.tw/~center22


主題

系統環境簡介

MySQL 管理設定PHP程式設計實作範例


系統環境簡介

PHP是一種伺服端(server-side)，跨平台(cross-platform)，簡單易學的HTML嵌入式非編譯性語言(HTML embedded scripting language)。它通常以模組(module)的形式和Apache伺服器結合，提供多種連結資料庫的介面，如MySQL，mSQL，PostgreSQL，Sybase ，Informix，InterBase等。

PHP是屬於公開式程式(OPEN SOURCE)，歡迎用於商業或非商業性質用途上，而且是完全免費的，這是一種屬於大家的程式語言。

PHP的表現並不遜色於其他的同類伺服端介面語言( iHTML， Cold Fusion， locomotive， JSP，ASP，...)，執行效率和開發速率也比 Perl、C/C++ CGI等快很多


系統環境簡介

Apache Server

前端瀏覽器

Internet MySQL

PHP


系統環境簡介-PHP比ASP優秀的七個理由

原作者：John來源： php.weblogs.com

ASP是微軟公司實現動態網頁的一種技術。ASP支持一些腳本語言，主要以VBScript為主。與ASP相比較，你還可以選擇另一中開放源代碼編程語言──PHP，PHP可以運行在多種操作系統下，其中包括Linux和windows。

雖然ASP是一種不錯的技術，但從長遠考慮我相信PHP在將來的技術領域里會有不凡的表現。



1、速度、速度、速度

ASP是永遠也不會象PHP這樣快的，因為ASP是建立在COM體系結構之上的。當用VBScript寫ASP腳本時，實際上實在使用COM的對象，當向用戶瀏覽器發送信息時，它用的是Response對象的write方法，當它訪問資料庫和文件系統的時候，它用的是其他的COM對象。這些COM對象的使用使運行速度下降。

在PHP代碼中，所有的工作都運行在PHP的內存空間中，也就是說PHP不是基於COM對象的，所以的他的運行速度會快一些。



下面是我們在MSSQL7 40次運行一個查詢語句的執行時間統計：

Querying MSSQL7 時間（秒）PHP用MSSQL extension 01.88PHP用ODBC extension 09.54ASP用ODBC via COM(ADO) 17.28ASP用OLEDB via COM 06.19

當我們使用PHP.ODBC,訪問資料庫用了9.54秒，而ASP用COM接口去連接資料庫需要比PHP所用的時間高80%。



OLEDB是微軟的一種高速訪問資料庫的技術，他比ODBC要快。但當我們所PHP和OLEDB的效率實驗時，結果是PHP的整體性能比OLEDB高200%，如此的出一個結論，如果不採用COM可以獲得較快的執行速度。

當然PHP的執行速度還不是最快的，但我們才剛剛開始起步，我們會逐步的完善他，而且PHP是一種開放源代碼編程語言，世界上許多程序員在不斷的完善他的技術，相信他一定會比非開放源代碼系統獲得更高的執行速度的。



２、高級內存管理在IIS4下，一個ASP腳本header.asp，如果被２０個

頁面所包含，那么運行的時候，在內存當中會保留這２０個header.asp的編譯副本，IIS5解決了這個問題，但只有windows2000才支持IIS5，由于這種IIS5的不能向下兼容的原因，許多服務器仍然要使用IIS4下的低級的內存管理。

而在PHP中，不會存在這種問題，只有當require時，才會調用某個include文件。



３、沒有後顧之憂我非常憎恨的一件事情就是會買到一件不放心的產

品，比如當你買了一輛汽車，但由於發動機是壞的，你需要更換他﹔當你買了一棟房子的時候，你要去修補漏雨的屋頂。

那麼ASP就像這些產品一樣，當你買了ASP之後，如果你需要加密技術，你就要買ASPEncrypt﹔當你需要Email管理時，你就要買ServerObjets Qmail﹔當你需要文件上傳時，你還要買Artisans SA-FileUp.



４、MySQL使PHP更精彩PHP與MySQL的組合既簡單又精彩。PHP有許多管理和

維護MySQL的工具，對MySQL的支持是最全面的。許多有用的函數如mysql_insert_id和mysql_affected_rows等，其他的資料庫則沒有。

ASP和PHP都是中型網站的較理想的解決方案，但PHP與MySQL的緊密結合使PHP更加優越。

MySQL的虛度比Microsoft Access速度快，Mssql和Oracle速度比MySQL要快，可是費用較高。



５、Java和C++的變成風格這個優點只是一個看法。我知道你不會相信一個Visual Basic程式設計者會因

為PHP有Java和C++的編程風格而轉向使用PHP，但你會相信有許多人還是喜歡Java和C++的，PHP是一種具有這兩種語言的編程風格的較容易學習的語言。

PHP支持結構化編程，在VB因為他的繼承性使用類別還是較少的。而PHP的象Java和C++一樣的繼承性使一個大型的程序中到處都充滿了類別的影子。



６、Bug的處理。你是否曾經要求Microsoft修改ASP的一些Bug呢？如

果你不是一個象Boeing一樣的組織，你無法獲得迅速而恰當的修改，那麼當你遇到Bug而停止工作時，如果這個Bug不修改，你將無法繼續你的工作的。

PHP，當你發現Bug時，你可以修改他，如果你沒有專家的水平，你可以請專家修改，並且你的修改會得到開放代碼組織的接受和認可。



７、移植性Microsoft經常修改ASP，下一版本叫ASP+，現在已經開始

測試。我相信他們會修改許多我曾經提到過的問題。但也無庸質疑的，Microsoft會將你限制在他們的產品範圍之內的。

我曾經是一個apple的程式設計者，當windows95問世後，我開始轉變，但許多原來的程式碼都無法在win95下運行，這些程式碼現在被放在一邊，我非常的遺憾。所以我不希望在windows下再出現這樣的悲劇。

不要忘記Novell曾經也像Microsoft的網路操作系統一樣熱及一時，但現在已經沒有許多人用了，那麼Microsoft也會這樣的。我找到了PHP，我仍舊在windows下工作，但我知道PHP代碼可以運行在Solaris、Linux和許多其他的操作系統中，我的心裡感到安慰。


系統環境簡介-Linux OSftp://ftp.linux.org.tw/pub/CLE/


MySQL管理設定


MySQL管理設定- What is MySQL?

What is MySQL?MySQL is a true multi-user, multi-threaded

SQL database server. SQL (Structured Query

Language) is the most popular and standardized database language in the world. MySQL is

a client/server implementation that consists of a server daemon mysqld and many dierent


MySQL管理設定- featuresThe main features of MySQLFully multi-threaded using kernel threads. That means it easily can use multiple CPUsif available.C, C++, Eiel, Java, Perl, PHP, Python and TCL APIs. Works on many dierent platforms. Many column types: signed/unsigned integers 1, 2, 3, 4 and 8

bytes long, FLOAT,DOUBLE, CHAR, VARCHAR, TEXT, BLOB, DATE, TIME, DATETIME, TIMESTAMP, YEAR, SET and ENUM types.


MySQL管理設定- featuresThe main features of MySQL(cont)Very fast joins using an optimized one-sweep multi-join.Full operator and function support in the SELECT

and WHERE parts of queries. Example:mysql> SELECT CONCAT(first_name, " ", last_name) FROM

tbl_name WHERE income/dependents > 10000 AND age > 30;

SQL functions are implemented through a highly-optimized class library and should be as fast as they can get! Usually there shouldn't be any memory allocation at all after query initialization.


MySQL管理設定- featuresThe main features of MySQL(cont)Very ODBC (Open-DataBase-Connectivity) for Windows95 (with source). All ODBC 2.5 functions and many others. You can, for example, use Access to connect to your MySQL server.Handles large databases. We are using MySQL

with some databases that contain 50,000,000 records.Year 2000 compliance


MySQL 管理設定- Installing MySQL

How to get MySQL?http://www.mysql.com/Operating systems supported by MySQL

AIX 4.x , BSDI 2.x , BSDI 3.0, 3.1 and 4.x , DEC UNIX 4.x ,FreeBSD 2.x , FreeBSD 3.x , HP-UX 10.20 , HP-UX 11.x ,Linux 2.0+ , MacOS X Server, NetBSD 1.3/1.4 , NetBSD1.3 Alpha (Requires GNU make), OpenBSD > 2.5 , OpenBSD < 2.5 , OS/2 Warp 3 , OS/2 Warp 4, SGI Irix6.x , Solaris 2.5, 2.6 and 2.7 , SunOS 4.x , SCO OpenServer , SCO UnixWare 7.0.1, Win95, Win98 and NT



Installing and Configuring MySQL for UNIXTo install MySQL on the UNIX platform, go to the Downloads area of the MySQL Web site and download the binary distribution specific to your platform. Next, place the zipped tar file in a directory such as /usr/local/.Unzip and unpack this file by typing

gunzip [filename].tar.gztar -xvf [filename].tar

These commands will create a /usr/local/mysql_[version]/ directory

structure containing the MySQL binaries.



Installing and Configuring MySQL for UNIXTo run MySQL, do the following:1.Navigate to the MySQL scripts directory by typing cd/usr/local/mysql_[version]/scripts/

2.Type mysql_install_db to create an initial database.3.Type cd /usr/local/mysql_[version]/bin/4.Type safe_mysqld & to start the MySQL server process.5.Type mysqladmin version to see that MySQL server is indeed running.


MySQL 管理設定- Installing by RPM









Starting and stopping MySQLautomatically

shell> mysql.server start

shell> mysql.server stop



國立中央大學電算中心陳慶彥 30

MySQL 管理設定- Perl+MySQLInstall DBI-1.13

[root@fax /tmp]# zcat dbi-1.13.tar.gz | tar xvf –

[root@fax /tmp]# cd DBI-1.13

[root@fax DBI-1.13] perl Makefile.PL

[root@fax DBI-1.13] make

[root@fax DBI-1.13] make test

[root@fax DBI-1.13] make install

國立中央大學電算中心陳慶彥 31

MySQL 管理設定- Perl+MySQLInstall msql-mysql-modules-1.2210

[root@fax /tmp]# zcat msql-mysql-modules-1.2210.tar.gz | tar xvf –

[root@fax /tmp]# cd Msql-Mysql-modules-1.2210

[root@fax Msql-Mysql-modules-1.2210] perl Makefile.PL

[root@fax Msql-Mysql-modules-1.2210]make

[root@fax Msql-Mysql-modules-1.2210]make test

[root@fax Msql-Mysql-modules-1.2210]make install


MySQL 管理設定- MySQL操作範例

Connect to the MySQL Server

shell> mysql [-h host_name] [-u user_name] [-p your_password]

Shell> mysql –h localhost –u joe

Shell> mysql –h localhost

Shell> mysql –u joe

Shell> mysql



[s8940@ccy public_html]$ mysql -u s8940 test

Reading table information for completion of table and column names

You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 742 to server version: 3.22.30

Type 'help' for help.

mysql>



mysql> help;MySQL commands:

help (\h) Display this text

? (\h) Synonym for `help'

clear (\c) Clear command

connect (\r) Reconnect to the server. Optional arguments are db and host

exit (\q) Exit mysql. Same as quit

go (\g) Send command to mysql serverquit (\q) Quit mysql

status (\s) Get status information from the server

use (\u) Use another database. Takes database name as argument

Connection id: 742 (Can be used with mysqladmin kill)



mysql> show tables;+----------------+

| Tables in test |

+----------------+

| s8940 |

| testac |

+----------------+

2 rows in set (0.00 sec)



mysql> CREATE TABLE s8941

-> (CreateDate DATETIME ,

-> StudentName char(50) ,

-> StudentID char(10) ,

-> Address char(100) ,

-> Birthday DATE );

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> show tables;

+----------------+

| Tables in test |

+----------------+

| s8940 |

| s8941 |

| testac |

+----------------+

3 rows in set (0.01 sec)



mysql> insert into s8941 values('2000/07/18 15:12:01','陳慶彥','87001',

-> '中壢市五權里上山座屋38號','1988/01/01');Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from s8941;+-------------------------+----------------+-------------+-----------------------------------+--------------+

| CreateDate | StudentName | StudentID | Address | Birthday |

+-------------------------+-----------------+-----------+------------------------------------+--------------+

| 2000-07-18 15:12:01 | 陳慶彥 | 87001 | 中壢市五權里上山座屋38號 | 1988-01-01 |

+-------------------------+-----------------+-----------+------------------------------------+--------------+

1 row in set (0.01 sec)



mysql> insert into s8941 values('2000/07/18 15:19:01','陳二','87002',

-> '中壢市五權里上山座屋38號','1977/01/01');Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)



+-------------------------+-----------------+-----------+------------------------------------+--------------+

| 2000-07-18 15:12:01 | 陳慶彥 | 87001 | 中壢市五權里上山座屋38號 | 1988-01-01 |

| 2000-07-18 15:19:01 | 陳二 | 87002 | 中壢市五權里上山座屋38號 | 1977-01-01 |

+-------------------------+-----------------+-----------+------------------------------------+--------------+



mysql> update s8941 set Address='金門縣金沙鎮光前村陽翟1號' where StudentID='87002';

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)



+-------------------------+-----------------+-----------+------------------------------------+--------------+

| 2000-07-18 15:12:01 | 陳慶彥 | 87001 | 中壢市五權里上山座屋38號 | 1988-01-01 |

| 2000-07-18 15:19:01 | 陳二 | 87002 |金門縣金沙鎮光前村陽翟1號| 1977-01-01 |

+-------------------------+-----------------+-----------+------------------------------------+--------------+



mysql> delete from s8941 where StudentID='87002';Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)



+-------------------------+-----------------+-----------+------------------------------------+--------------+

| 2000-07-18 15:12:01 | 陳慶彥 | 87001 | 中壢市五權里上山座屋38號 | 1988-01-01 |

+-------------------------+-----------------+-----------+------------------------------------+--------------+

mysql> quit



Perl連結MySQL執行資料的存取

use DBI;use strict;$dbh = DBI->connect(“DBI:mysql:資料庫”,“帳號”,”密碼“);$sth = $dbh->prpare($statement);$sth->execute;$sth->finish;$dbh->disconnect;



實作1 – create_table.cgi#!/usr/bin/perl

use DBI;

use strict;

my $dbh;

if ($dbh=DBI->connect("DBI:mysql:test","s8940","") ){

print "連結資料庫:test OK!\n";

}else { print "無法連結資料庫:test!"; exit(0); }



實作1 – create_table.cgi (cont)my $sth=$dbh->prepare(" DROP TABLE s8940 ");

if ($sth->execute ){

$sth->finish;

print "表格:s8940存在資料庫:test之中,刪除表格:s8940 成功\!\n";

}else {

print "表格:s8940不存在資料庫:test之中,刪除表格:s8940 失敗\!\n"; }



實作 1– create_table.cgi (cont)my $sth=$dbh->prepare("CREATE TABLE s8940

( CreateDate DATETIME ,

StudentName char(50) ,

StudentID char(10) ,

Address char(100) ,

Birthday DATE)

");



實作1 – create_table.cgi (cont)if ($sth->execute){

print "表格:s8940在資料庫:test上create OK!\n";

}

else{

print "表格:s8940在資料庫:test上create 失敗!: $dbh->errstr\n";

}

$sth->finish;



實作1 – create_table.cgi (cont)my $sth=$dbh->prepare("INSERT INTO s8940 VALUES

(‘2000/07/18 15:12:01’,‘陳慶彥’,‘87001’,‘中壢市五權里上山

座屋38號','1988/01/01') ");

if ($sth->execute){

print "表格:s8940新增資料 OK!\n";

}else{ print "表格:s8940新增資料失敗!: $dbh->errstr\n"; }

$sth->finish; $dbh->disconnect; exit(0);



實作2 – select_table.cgi#!/usr/bin/perl

use DBI;

use strict;

my $dbh;

if ($dbh=DBI->connect("DBI:mysql:test","s8940","") ){

print "連結資料庫:test OK!\n"; }

else { print "無法連結資料庫:test!"; exit(0); }


MySQL 管理設定- MySQL操作範例實作2 – select_table.cgi (cont)

my $sth = $dbh->prepare("SELECT * FROM s8940");

if ($sth->execute ){

my $table = $sth->fetchall_arrayref;

my($i, $j);

for $i ( 0 .. $#{$table} ) {

for $j ( 0 .. $#{$table->[$i]} ) { print "$table->[$i][$j]\t"; }

print "\n";

}



實作2 – select_table.cgi (cont)}

else {

print "表格:s8940查詢資料失敗\!\n";

}

$sth->finish;

$dbh->disconnect;

exit;


MySQL 管理設定- privilege system

如何連結到資料庫

shell> mysql -u root mysqlmysql> UPDATE user SET Passwordmysql> = PASSWORD('new_password')mysql> WHERE user='root';mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;mysql> quit;




MySQL 管理設定- privilege system資料表格: host

欄位類型 Null default 備註

Host char(60) 否來存取的主機名稱

Db char(32) 否資料庫名稱

Select_priv enum('N','Y') 否 N 對Table做selectInsert_priv enum('N','Y') 否 N 對Table做InsertUpdate_priv enum('N','Y') 否 N 對Table做UpdateDelete_priv enum('N','Y') 否 N 對Table做DeleteCreate_priv enum('N','Y') 否 N Create Database,TablesDrop_priv enum('N','Y') 否 N Drop Database,Tables

Grant_priv enum('N','Y') 否 N Grant Database,Tables,允許把自己的權限開放給其他使用者

References_priv enum('N','Y') 否 NIndex_priv enum('N','Y') 否 N Create/Drop IndexAlter_priv enum('N','Y') 否 N Alter tables


MySQL 管理設定- privilege system資料表格: db

欄位類型 Null 內定值額外

Host char(60) 否來存取的主機名稱Db char(32) 否資料庫名稱User char(16) 否使用者

Select_priv enum('N','Y') 否 N 對Table做selectInsert_priv enum('N','Y') 否 N 對Table做InsertUpdate_priv enum('N','Y') 否 N 對Table做UpdateDelete_priv enum('N','Y') 否 N 對Table做DeleteCreate_priv enum('N','Y') 否 N Create Database,TablesDrop_priv enum('N','Y') 否 N Drop Database,Tables

Grant_priv enum('N','Y') 否 N Grant Database,Tables,允許把自己的權限開放給其他使用者

References_priv enum('N','Y') 否 NIndex_priv enum('N','Y') 否 N Create/Drop IndexAlter_priv enum('N','Y') 否 N 修正資料表


MySQL 管理設定- privilege system資料表格: user

Host User Password Select_priv

Insert_priv

Update_priv

Delete_priv ...

localhost root 70a1cfcf1ddaba6c Y Y Y Y ...

140.115.11.235 root 70a1cfcf1ddaba6c Y Y Y Y ...

localhost N N N N ...

140.115.11.% ccy 70a1cfcf1ddaba6c Y Y Y Y ...

localhost neotech 5a5394000c186982 Y Y Y Y ...



關於Password, MySQL採用自己的加密方式,所有存在user中的password都必須經過password()函數的處理.shell> mysql -u root mysqlmysql> UPDATE user SET

Password=PASSWORD('new_password')WHERE user='root';

mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;



權限運作模式.stage 1: Connection verication

1. The host from which you connect2. Your MySQL user name

stage 2: Request verication



stage 1: Connection vericationMySQL對user資料表的排序為Host User,排序時描述愈清楚的排在愈前面,含萬用字元在後面,Suppose the user table looks like this:+--------------+----------+---------------+-| Host | User | password |..+--------------+----------+---------------+-| % | root | ... |..| % | jeffrey | password1 | .. | localhost | root | ... |..| localhost | | ... |..|140.115.1.1 | | password2 | .. +--------------+----------+---------------+-從140.115.1.1以jeffrey要求連線時採用的密碼為何?



stage 1: Connection verication(cont)答案: password2+--------------+----------+---------------+-| Host | User | password |..+--------------+----------+---------------+-|140.115.1.1 | | password2 | ..| localhost | root | ... |..| localhost | | ... |..| % | jeffrey | password1 | .. | % | root | ... |..+--------------+----------+---------------+-





stage 2: Request verication1. 如果是Server管理相關要求,直接尋找第一階段user table符合的記錄中,相對的權限如reload_priv, shutdown_priv等

2. 如果是table或是database相關的動作如select,那就轉移下面的邏輯作判斷global privileges #第一階段user table符合的記錄中其他權限OR (database privileges AND host privileges)OR table privileges OR column privileges


MyODBC for Windows

DownLoad


MyODBC - 將檔案解壓縮


MyODBC – 執行 setup.exe

執行Setup.exe


MyODBC – 設定Data Sources


MyODBC – 設定Data Sources


MyODBC – 安裝完成


MyODBC – 日後的修改設定

1

23


MyODBC – 將資料表匯入Access

開啟Access 2000


MyODBC – 執行匯入功能


MyODBC – 選擇檔案類型-ODBC資料庫()


MyODBC – 選擇Data Sources


MyODBC – 設定Database等相關參數


MyODBC – 選擇匯入的資料表


MyODBC –匯入完成


MyODBC –匯入資料表之範例


MyODBC –連結MySQL資料庫

連結資料表



1. ODBC資料庫

2. 選MySQL



2

1



21


MyODBC –連結MySQL資料庫範例


PHP程式設計


PHP程式設計-IntroductionWhat is PHP ?

PHP is a server-side HTML-embedded scripting language

Example . An introductory example<html>

<head><title>Example</title>

</head><body>

<?php echo "Hi, I'm a PHP script!"; ?></body>

</html>


PHP程式設計-IntroductionWhat can PHP do ?

Writing a database-enabled web page is incredibly. The following databases are currently supported:Adabas D InterBase Solid

dBase mSQL Sybase

Empress MySQL Velocis

FilePro Oracle Unix dbm

Informix PostgreSQL


PHP程式設計-Introduction

What can PHP do ? (cont)PHP also has support for talking to other services using protocols such as IMAP, SNMP, NNTP, POP3, or even HTTP. You can also open raw network sockets and interact using other protocols.


PHP程式設計-featurePHP featuresHTTP authentication with PHPGIF creation with PHPFile upload supportHTTP cookie supportdatabase supportRegular expressions


PHP程式設計-InstallationInstall From Source on UNIXDownloading Sourcehttp://www.php.net

Installation on UNIX systemsThis section will guide you through the configuration and

installation of PHP. Prerequisite knowledge and software: • • An ANSI C compiler

• A web server


PHP程式設計-InstallationQuick Installation Instructions

1. gunzip apache_1.3.x.tar.gz2. tar xvf apache_1.3.x.tar3. gunzip php-3.0.x.tar.gz4. tar xvf php-3.0.x.tar5. cd apache_1.3.x6. ./configure --prefix=/www7. cd ../php-3.0.x8. ./configure --with-mysql --with-apache=../apache_1.3.x --enable-track-vars9. make10. make install11. cd ../apache_1.3.x


PHP程式設計-InstallationQuick Installation Instructions(cont)

12. ./configure --prefix=/www --activate-module=src/modules/ php3/libphp3.a

13. make14. make install15. cd ../php-3.0.x16. cp php3.ini-dist /usr/local/lib/php3.ini17. Edit your httpd.conf or srm.conf file and add:

AddType application/x-httpd-php3 .php3

18. Use your normal procedure for starting the Apache server. (You must stop and restart the server, not just cause the server to reload by use a HUP or USR1 signal.)


PHP程式設計-InstallationConfiguration

There are two ways of configuring PHP. •• Using the "setup" script that comes with PHP. This script asks you a series of questions (almost like the "install" script of PHP/FI 2.0) and runs "configure" in the end. To run this script,type ./setup. • This script will also create a file called "do-conf", this file will contain the options passed to configure. You can edit this file to change just a few options without having to re-run setup. Then type ./do-conf to run configure with the new options.


PHP程式設計-Configuration

The configuration fileThe configuration file (called php3.ini in

PHP 3.0, and simply php.ini as of PHP 4.0) is read when PHP starts up.


PHP程式設計-Install by RPM


PHP程式設計-Install by RPM


PHP程式設計-PHP4 For Windows 2000

下載軟體


PHP程式設計-PHP4 For Windows 2000將檔案解壓縮到 c:\php4 的目錄下


PHP程式設計-PHP4 For Windows 2000將檔案c:\php4\php.ini.inst另存新檔到 c:\winnt\php.ini


PHP程式設計-PHP4 For Windows 2000將檔案php4isapi.dll與php4ts.dll複製到 c:\winnt\system32


PHP程式設計-PHP4 For Windows 2000開啟主控台,點選Internet Information Services之預設的Web站台,點選滑鼠右鍵後,開啟內容



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Stop IIS5

Start IIS5


PHP程式設計-PHP4 For Windows 2000新增一個網站的虛擬目錄


PHP程式設計-PHP4 For Windows 2000設定虛擬目錄名稱


PHP程式設計-PHP4 For Windows 2000設定虛擬目錄對應的實體路徑


PHP程式設計-PHP4 For Windows 2000設定執行功能後結束


PHP程式設計-PHP4 For Windows 2000設定該虛擬目錄的起始網頁

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PHP程式設計-PHP4 For Windows 2000設定該虛擬目錄的起始網頁


PHP程式設計-PHP4 For Windows 2000撰寫測試網頁phpinfo.php


PHP程式設計-PHP4 For Windows 2000測試 phpinfo.php


PHP程式設計-Basic syntax

Escaping from HTMLThere are four ways of escaping from HTML and entering "PHP code mode“

Example. Ways of escaping from HTML1. <? echo ("this is the simplest, an SGML processing instruction\n"); ?>

2. <?php echo("if you want to serve XML documents, do like this\n"); ?>



Escaping from HTML (cont)3. <script language="php">

echo ("some editors (like FrontPage) don'tlike processing instructions");

</script>4. <% echo ("You may optionally use ASP-style tags"); %><%= $variable; # This is a shortcut for "<%echo .." %>



Instruction separation

<?phpecho "This is a test";

?>

<?php echo "This is a test" ?>



Comments

<?phpecho "This is a test"; //This is c++ style/* This is a multi line comment

yet another line of comment */echo "This is yet another test";echo "One Final Test"; # This is shell-style ?>


PHP程式設計-Types

PHP supports the following types:• integer • floating-point numbers • string • array • object



Types-integer$a = 1234; # decimal number$a = -123; # a negative number$a = 0123; # octal number

# equivalent to 83 decimal)$a = 0x12; # hexadecimal number (equivalent to 18 decimal)



Types-Floating point numbers

$a = 1.234;$a = 1.2e3;



Types-Strings If the string is enclosed in double-quotes

("), variables within the string will be expanded (subject to some parsing limitations). As in C and Perl, the backslash ("\") character can be used in specifying special characters



Types-Strings(cont)sequence meaning\n newline\r carriage\t horizontal tab\\ backslash\$ dollar sign\" double-quote



Types-String conversion

$foo = 1 + "10.5";// $foo is double (11.5)$foo = 1 + "-1.3e3";// $foo is double (-1299)



Types-Arrays $a[0] = "abc"; $a[1] = "def"; $b["foo"] = 13;

$a[] = "hello"; // $a[2] == "hello"$a[] = "world"; // $a[3] == "world"



Types-Multi-Dimensional Arrays$a[1] = $f; // one dimensional examples$a["foo"] = $f;$a[1][0] = $f; //two dimensional$a["foo"][2] = $f;// (you can mix numeric and associative indices)$a[3]["bar"] = $f;//(you can mix numeric and associative indices)

$a["foo"][4]["bar"][0] = $f; # four dimensional!



Types-Multi-Dimensional Arrays(example)# Example 1:

$a["color"] = "red";

$a["taste"] = "sweet";

$a["shape"] = "round";

$a["name"] = "apple";

$a[3] = 4;



Types-Multi-Dimensional Arrays(example)# Example 2:

$a = array(

"color" => "red",

"taste" => "sweet",

"shape" => "round",

"name" => "apple",

3 => 4 );



Types-Objects class foo {

function do_foo () { echo "Doing foo.";

}}

$bar = new foo;$bar -> do_foo ();



Type jugglingPHP does not require (or support) explicit type

definition in variable declaration;

$foo = "0"; // $foo is string (ASCII 48)$foo++; // $foo is the string "1" (ASCII 49)$foo += 1; // $foo is now an integer (2)$foo = $foo + 1.3; //$foo is now a double (3.3)



Type casting

The casts allowed are: • (int), (integer) - cast to integer • (real), (double), (float) - cast to double • (string) - cast to string • (array) - cast to array • (object) - cast to object


PHP程式設計Types

Type casting (cont)

$foo = 10; // $foo is an integer$bar = (double)$foo; //$bar is a double


PHP程式設計-VariablesVariable scope $a = 1; /* global scope */Function Test () { echo $a; /*reference to local scope variable */

} Test ();This script will not produce any output because the echo statement refers to a local version of the $a variable, and it has not been assigned a value within this scope


PHP程式設計-VariablesVariable scope (cont)$a = 1; $b = 2;Function Sum () {

global $a, $b;$b = $a + $b;

} Sum ();echo $b;The above script will output "3". By declaring $a and $b global within the function


PHP程式設計-VariablesVariable scope (cont)$a = 1;$b = 2;

Function Sum () {$GLOBALS["b"] = $GLOBALS["a"] +

$GLOBALS["b"];}

Sum ();echo $b;


PHP程式設計-VariablesVariable scope -static variable Function Test () {

$a = 0;echo $a;$a++;

}This function is quite useless since every time it is called it sets $a to 0 and prints "0"


PHP程式設計-VariablesVariable scope -static variable (cont)Function Test () {

static $a = 0;echo $a;$a++;

}Now, every time the Test() function is called it will print the value of $a and increment it.


PHP程式設計-VariablesVariable scope -static variable (cont)Function Test () {

static $count = 0;$count++;echo $count;if ($count < 10) {

Test ();}$count--;

}The simple function recursively counts to 10


PHP程式設計-VariablesVariable variables$a = "hello";$$a = "world";echo "$a ${$a}"; // Output “hello world”echo "$a $hello"; // Output “hello world”


PHP程式設計-Variables

Variables from outside PHP HTML Forms (GET and POST)Example. Simple form variable<form action="foo.php3" method="post">Name: <input type="text" name="name"><br>

<input type="submit"></form>When submitted, PHP will create the variable $name



Variables from outside PHPExample. More complex form variables<form action="array.php" method="post">Name: <input type="text" name="personal[name]"><br>Email: <input type="text" name="personal[email]"><br>Beer: <br><select multiple name="beer[]">

<option value="warthog">Warthog<option value="guinness">Guinness

</select><input type="submit">

</form>



Variables from outside PHPIMAGE SUBMIT variable names

<input type=image src="image.gif" name="sub">

When the user clicks somewhere on the image, the accompanying form will be transmitted to the server with two additional variables, sub_x and sub_y.


PHP程式設計-ConstantsPHP defines several constants and provides a

mechanism for defining more at run-time __FILE__

The name of the script file presently being parsed. If used within a file which has been included or required, then the name of the included file is given, and not the name of the parent file. __LINE__

The number of the line within the current script file which is being parsed. If used within a file which has been included or required, then the position within the included file is given.


PHP程式設計-ConstantsPHP_VERSION

The string representation of the version of the PHP parser presently in use; e.g. '3.0.8-dev'. PHP_OS

The name of the operating system on which the PHP parser is executing; e.g. 'Linux'. TRUE

A true value. FALSEA false value.


PHP程式設計-Constants

Example. Defining Constants

<?phpdefine("CONSTANT", "Hello world.");echo CONSTANT; // outputs "Hello world."?>


PHP程式設計-Constants

Example. Using __FILE__ and __LINE__<?phpfunction report_error($file, $line, $message) {

echo "An error occured in $file on line $line: $message.";}

report_error(__FILE__,__LINE__, "Something went wrong!");?>


PHP程式設計-Operators Arithmetic Operators

example name result

$a + $b Addition Sum of $a and $b.

$a - $b Subtraction Remainder of $b subtracted from $a.

$a * $b Multiplication Product of $a and $b.

$a / $b Division Dividend of $a and $b.

$a % $b Modulus Remainder of $a divided by $b.


PHP程式設計-Operators String Operators

There is only really one string operator -- the concatenation operator (".").

$a = "Hello ";$b = $a . "World!";// now $b = "Hello World!"


PHP程式設計-Operators Assignment Operators

The basic assignment operator is "=". Your first inclination might be to think of this as "equal to".$a = ($b = 4) + 5;// $a is equal to 9 now, and $b // has been set to 4


PHP程式設計-Operators Assignment Operators (cont)

$a = 3;$a += 5; // sets $a to 8, as if we had

//said: $a = $a + 5;$b = "Hello ";$b .= "There!";

// sets $b to "Hello There!", // just like $b = $b . "There!";


PHP程式設計-Operators Logical Operators example name result

$a and $b And True of both $a and $b are true.

$a or $b Or True if either $a or $b is true.

$a xor $b Or True if either $a or $b is true, but not both.

! $a Not True if $a is not true.

$a && $b And True of both $a and $b are true.

$a || $b Or True if either $a or $b is true.


PHP程式設計-Operators Comparison Operators example name result

$a == $b Equal True if $a is equal to $b.

$a != $b Not equal True if $a is not equal to $b.

$a < $b Less than True if $a is strictly less than $b.

$a > $b Greater than True if $a is strictly greater than $b.

$a <= $b Less than or equal to True if $a is less than or equal to $b.

$a >= $b Greater than or equal to True if $a is greater than or equal to $b.


PHP程式設計-Control Structures ifif ($a > $b) {

print "a is bigger than b";} elseif ($a == $b) {

print "a is equal to b";} else {

print "a is smaller than b";}


PHP程式設計-Control Structures do..while

$i = 0;do {

print $i;} while ($i>0);


PHP程式設計-Control Structures while

$i = 1;while ($i <= 10) {

print $i++; }


PHP程式設計-Control Structures for

for ($i = 1; $i <= 10; $i++) {print $i;

}

for ($i = 1;;$i++) {if ($i > 10) {

break;}print $i;

}


PHP程式設計-Control Structures for

$i = 1;for (;;) {

if ($i > 10) {break;

}print $i;$i++;

}for ($i = 1; $i <= 10; print $i, $i++) ;


PHP程式設計-Control Structures break

break breaks out of the current looping control-structures.$i = 0;while ($i < 10) {

if ($arr[$i] == "stop") {break;

}$i++;

}


PHP程式設計-Control Structures continue

continue is used within looping structures to skip the rest of the current loop iteration and continue execution at the beginning of the next iteration


PHP程式設計-Control Structures switch switch ($i) {

case 0:print "i equals 0"; break;



default:print "i is not equal to 0, 1 or 2";

}


PHP程式設計-Control Structures require The require statement replaces itself with the specified file, much like the C preprocessor's #include works. This means that you can't put a requirestatement inside of a loop structure and expect it to include the contents of a different file on each iteration. To do that, use an include statement. require 'header.inc';


PHP程式設計-Control Structures include

$files = array ('first.inc', 'second.inc' , 'third.inc');

for ($i = 0; $i < count($files); $i++) {

include $files[$i];}


PHP程式設計-FunctionsUser-defined functions

function foo ($arg_1, $arg_2, ..., $arg_n) {

echo "Example function.\n";return $retval;

}


PHP程式設計-FunctionsReturning values

function square ($num) {return $num * $num;

}echo square (4); // outputs '16'.


PHP程式設計-FunctionsReturning values You can't return multiple values from a function, but similar results can be obtained by returning a list.function small_numbers() {

return array (0, 1, 2);}list ($zero, $one, $two) = small_numbers();


PHP程式設計-FunctionsFunction arguments

PHP supports passing arguments by value (the default)function takes_array($input) {

echo "$input[0] + $input[1] = ", $input[0]+$input[1];

}



Making arguments be passed by referencefunction add_some_extra(&$string) {

$string .= 'and something extra.';}$str = 'This is a string, ';add_some_extra($str);echo $str; // outputs 'This is a string, and something extra.'



Making arguments be passed by referencefunction foo ($bar) {

$bar .= ' and something extra.';}$str = 'This is a string, ';foo ($str);echo $str; // outputs 'This is a string, 'foo (&$str);echo $str; // outputs 'This is a string, and something extra.'



Default argument valuesfunction makecoffee ($type = "cappucino") {

return "Making a cup of $type.\n";}echo makecoffee ();echo makecoffee ("espresso");

The output from the above snippet is: Making a cup of cappucino.Making a cup of espresso.


PHP程式設計-Classes and ObjectsClass

<?phpclass Cart {

var $items; function add_item ($artnr, $num) {

$this->items[$artnr] += $num;}function remove_item ($artnr, $num) {

if ($this->items[$artnr] > $num) {$this->items[$artnr] -= $num;return true;

} else { return false; } }

}?>


PHP程式設計-Classes and ObjectsClasses are types, that is, they are blueprints for actual variables. You have to create a variables of the desired type with the new operator.

$cart = new Cart;$cart->add_item("10", 1);


PHP程式設計-HTTP authentication

Example. HTTP Authentication example<?phpif(!isset($PHP_AUTH_USER)) {Header("WWW-Authenticate: Basic realm=\"My Realm\"");Header("HTTP/1.0 401 Unauthorized");echo "Text to send if user hits Cancel button\n";exit;

} else {echo "Hello $PHP_AUTH_USER.<P>";echo "You entered $PHP_AUTH_PW as your password.<P>";

}

?>


PHP程式設計-String functions

AddSlashesstring addslashes(string str);Returns a string with backslashes before

characters that need to be quoted in database queries etc. These characters are single quote ('), double quote ("), backslash (\) and NUL (the null byte)



StripSlashesstring stripslashes(string str);Returns a string with backslashes stripped off. (\' becomes ' and so on.) Double backslashes are made into a single backslash



StripSlashes如果各位有使用textarea或text的form時,在輸入中文可能會遇到"許\"或"功\"之類的困擾,因為有些瀏覽器會自動在遇到"\"字元時多加一個"\",或您的MySQL在設定安裝時沒有支援Big5編碼也有此問題. 我們的最終目的是要在中文輸入資料庫中是正常的,不要有多出來或少了"\"字元,在所有可能有中文輸入的form只要做如此處理即可(但這不是最完整的處理方式): $cname=StripSlashes($cname);



printprint(string arg);

output a stringechoecho(string arg1, string [argn]...);

output one or more strings



explode array explode(string separator,

string string);split a string by string splitarray split(string separator, string string);split a string by string



implode (join) string implode(string glue, array pieces);

join array elements with a string. Example:$colon_separated = implode(":", $array);



trim (ltrim ,rtrim)

string trim(string str);

Strip whitespace from the beginning and end of a string.



strlenint strlen(string str);get string length substr

string substr(string string, intstart, int [length]);Return part of a string



strtolowerstring strtolower(string str); Make a string lowercase strtoupper

string strtoupper(string string);Make a string uppercase



str_replace

string str_replace(string needle,string str, string haystack);

Replace all occurrences of needle in haystack with str


PHP程式設計-Regular expression

ereg("abc",$string); Returns true if "abc" is found anywhere in $string.

ereg("^abc",$string);Returns true if "abc" is found at the beginning of $string.


PHP程式設計-Regular expression

ereg("abc$",$string);Returns true if "abc" is found at the end of $string.

$string = ereg_replace("^","<BR>",$string);

Put a <BR> tag at the beginning of $string.


PHP程式設計-FileSystem

fopenint fopen(string filename, string mode);'r' - reading only. 'r+' - reading and writing; 'w' - writing only; 'w+' - reading and writing;'a' - writing only (append)'a+' - reading and writing(append);



fwriteint fwrite(int fp, string string, int [length]);Binary-safe file writefgets

string fgets(int fp, int length);get line from file pointer



fcloseint fclose(int fp);close an open file pointer



example-簡易文字計數器之製作<?php

$counterfile="./counter.txt";

if (file_exists($counterfile)) {

$fp = fopen("$counterfile","r");

$pageviews = fread ($fp,7);

fclose($fp);

$pageviews++;



example-簡易文字計數器之製作$fp = fopen("$counterfile","w");

fwrite($fp, $pageviews);

fclose($fp);

} else {

echo " $counterfile not exist!";

fclose($fp); exit;

}

echo "this site has been visited $pageviews times!";

?>



example-影像計數器之製作

搭配GD函式庫產生計數器


PHP程式設計- mail

mial()bool mail(string to, string subject, string message, string additional_headers)例如：

$receiver_email = [email protected] ‘; $subject = ’信件傳送測試'; $message = ‘Hello World! '; mail("$receiver_email","$subject","$message");



信件的 header (additional_headers)一般的文字可以使用

From: $email\nContent-type: text/plain; charset=big-5\nContent-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

而 HTML 格式的信件可以使用

From: $email\nContent-Type: text/html; charset=big-5\nContent-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit



Example<? $sender= [email protected]';

$receiver= ‘[email protected] '; $subject = ‘HTML格式信件'; $message = ‘<H1> H1字型測試 </H1>'; $e_header = "From: $sender\nContent-Type:

text/html; charset=big-5\nContent-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit"; if (mail("$receiver","$subject","$message"," $e_header")){

print "送信ok! ";} ?>


PHP程式設計-MySQL functions

mysql_connectOpen a connection to a MySQL Server

Descriptionint mysql_connect(string [hostname [:port] [:/path/to/socket] ] , string [username] , string [password] );



mysql_select_dbSelect a MySQL database

Descriptionint mysql_select_db(

string database_name ,int [link_identifier] );



mysql_querySend an SQL query to MySQL

Descriptionint mysql_query(string query, int [link_identifier] );



mysql_num_rowsGet number of rows in result

Descriptionint mysql_num_rows(int result);



mysql_fetch_arrayFetch a result row as an associative array

Descriptionarray mysql_fetch_array(intresult, int [result_type] );



mysql_free_resultFree result memory

Descriptionmysql_free_result(int result)



mysql_closeclose MySQL connection

Descriptionint mysql_close( int

[link_identifier] );


PHP程式設計-MySQL functionsExample: mysql fetch object<?php

mysql_connect($host,$user,$password);

$result = mysql_db_query("database","select * from table" );

while($row = mysql_fetch_array($result)) {

echo $row["user_id"];

echo $row["fullname"];

}

mysql_free_result($result); mysql_close(); ?>



mysql_num_fieldsmysql_field_tablemysql_field_typemysql_field_namemysql_field_lenmysql_field_flags


PHP程式設計-MySQL functionsExample : mysql field types

<?php

mysql_connect("localhost:3306");

mysql_select_db("wisconsin");

$result = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM onek");

$fields = mysql_num_fields($result);

$rows = mysql_num_rows($result);

$i = 0;


PHP程式設計-MySQL functionsExample : mysql field types (cont)

$table = mysql_field_table($result, $i);

echo "Your '".$table."' table has ".$fields;

echo " fields and ".$rows." records <BR>";

echo "The table has the following fields <BR>";

while ($i < $fields) {

$type = mysql_field_type ($result, $i);

$name = mysql_field_name ($result, $i);


PHP程式設計-MySQL functionsExample : mysql field types (cont)

$len = mysql_field_len ($result, $i);

$flags = mysql_field_flags ($result, $i);

echo $type." ".$name." ".$len;

echo " ".$flags."<BR>";

$i++;

}

mysql_close(); ?>


實作範例-SBM管理系統


實作範例-SBM管理系統(軟體管理)


實作範例-SBM管理系統(圖書管理)


實作範例-SBM管理系統(期刊管理)


實作範例-SBM管理系統(系統管理)


實作範例-SBM管理系統

系統實作講解

Documents

PHP+MySQL動態網頁設計140.129.118.16/~richwang/Database/PHPnMySQL-DynamicPageDes… · PHP與MySQL的組合既簡單又精彩。PHP有許多管理和 維護MySQL的工具，對MySQL的支持是最全面的。許多有用

PHP+MySQL動態網頁設計140.129.118.16/~richwang/Database/PHPnMySQL-DynamicPageDes… · PHP與MySQL的組合既簡單又精彩。PHP有許多管理和維護MySQL的工具，對MySQL的支持是最全面的。許多有用