Phuong Tien Truyen Dan 1

8/8/2019 Phuong Tien Truyen Dan 1

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Ging vin L Dng Khoa in t - vin thng tr ng i hc bch khoa h ni

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Ph-ng tin truyn dn Transmission Media

Ph-ng tin hu tuyn Guided Media

Ph-ng tin v tuyn

- Unguided Media -

Mng cng cng Public Networks

Copper CableCoaxial

ThinnetThicknet

Twisted Pair UTPSTP

Fiber Optic CableSingle Mode

Radio Microwave

TerrestrialSatellite

Infrared Laser

Telephone NetworkISDNX.25

ATMFrame RelayMPLSCATVPower Lines

G i thnhCost

Lp tInstallation

Suy hao Attenuation

Chng nhiu Noise immunity Bng thng

Bandwidth

Bo mt

Securit


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2

Cu to v phn loi cp ng trc ( Coaxial cable)

Or Thick Ethernet (Yellow Ethernet)IEEE 10Base5RG-8/U, RG-11/U Impedance 50

Or Thin Ethernet (Black Ethernet)IEEE 10Base2RG-58 A/U Impedance 50


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Cp ng trc dy (Thicknet) kt ni theo topo dng BUSdng b thu/pht ngoi (External Transceiver)


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Chun IEEE cho Thick ethernet (10Base5)10BASE5 PARAMETERS A ND WI R ING RULES


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5 y Bus topology. 10 Mb ps Base band (full-duplex not

supported). Using Manchester encoding.y Maximum length per segment is 500 meters.y Maximum of 101 segments in a standard Ethernet

(one back bone and 100 br anch segments).y Maximum of 1024 stations m ay be attached to a

10Ba se5 network..y U p to 100 tr ansceivers c an be attached to a single

500 meter segment.y Minimum dist ance between tr ansceivers is 2.5

meters.y Maximum length of st andard AUI tr ansceiver drop

cable is 50 meters.y Maximum length of office tr ansceiver c able is 12.5

meters.y Both ends of the c able segment must be termin ated

with a 50 ohm termin ator.y R epeaters m ay be used to extend the sign al there by

incre asing over all cable segment length.y Maximum of 2 repe aters m ay be used between

devices. In f act, we c an use 4 repe aters by "the 5-4-3rule". So that m aximum length of c able is 2.5 km.

1. Tr ansceiver 6. PVC Thinnet C able2. Tr ansceiver C ables 7. B NC T-Connector 3. 2 Port AUI Fanout 8. Thinnet B NC Network C ard

4. Thicknet AUI Network C ard 9. 50 Ohm Termin ator 5. Thinnet R epeater 10. Thick Ethernet Trunk C able

Cp ng trc mng (Thinnet) kt ni theo topo dng BUSdng T Connector v NI C c sn b thu pht (Built in Transceiver)


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Chun IEEE cho Thinnet ethernet (10Base2)10 BASE 2 PARAMETERS A ND WI R ING RULES

y Bus topology. 10 Mb ps Base band (full-duplex notsupported). Using Manchester encoding.


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7 y Maximum length per segment is 185 meters.y

Maximum of 3 0 stations per segment are allowed.y Maximum of 1024 stations m ay be attached to a

10Ba se2 network.y NIC's come with built-in tr ansceivers so connections are

made directly to NIC vi a T -connector.y T-connectors must be plugged directly into NIC. There

can not be any c able between T -connector and NIC.y Minimum of 0.5 meter is allowed between T -

connectors.y Both ends of the c able segment must be termin ated with

a 50 ohm termin ator. One end of the c able must begrounded, the other end must rem ain ungrounded.

y Termin ator must be attached to open j ack of T -

connector at both ends of the segment. Do not attachtermin ator directly to c able without T -connector.y R epeaters m ay be used to extend the sign al.y Maximum of 2 repe aters m ay be used between devices.

In f act, we c an use 4 repe aters by "the 5-4-3 rule".y So that maximum length of c able is 9 25 meters.

1. 8 Port R epeater 2. Tr ansceiver 3. 50 Ohm Termin ator 4. PVC Thinnet C able5. Thinnet Ta p W allpl ate 6. Thinnet Drop C able7. Self-termin ating Drop C able 8. Network C ard9. No Drop W allpl ate 10. No Drop C able11 . Thinnet Ta p 4 Port Expansion Box12. B NC T-Connector 13. Thick Ethernet Trunk Co ax C able

S i dy lut 5 4 3 dng 4 repeater


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Cu to v phn loi cp xon kp (Twisted pair cable)


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phn hng Cp UTP (S cTP) theo chun EIA/TIA 568A (EIA/TIA Electronic Industry Association/Telecommunication Industry Association)


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Category MAx Data rate Application

1 1 Mbp s one twisted-p airs for tr adition al telephone voice communic ation ( but not d ata) . 2 4 Mbp s 4 twisted-p airs for voice & d ata tr ansmission (I SDN), 4 Mb ps Token R ing, AR CN ET .

3 10 Mbp s 4 twisted-p airs (3 twists per foot) for voice & d ata tr ansmission, Ethernet 10Ba se- T.

(can use for Ethernet 100Ba se- T4 & 100Ba se- T2)

4 20 Mbp s for 20 Mb ps data tr ansmission , Ethernet 10Ba se- T, 16 Mb ps Token R ing.5 155 Mbp s 4 twisted p airs ( a higher num ber of twists per foot th an previous c ategories and a

teflon based outer co ating). Higher tr ansmission r ate ( 100M hz) and better noise

immunity. Used for Ethernet 10Ba se - T, Fast Ethernet 100Ba se- TX, -T4 or - T2, Fast

AR CNET 100Mb ps, 16Mb ps Token R ing, and ATM 155Mb ps on UTP.

5e 1000 Mbp s enhanced c ategory 5 - more comprehensive testing is c arried out on all four p airs to

measure the effect of tr ansmitting d ata, particul arly with reg ard to crosst al k. This

category is prim arily intended for use in Gig abit Ethernet networks.

6 1000 Mbp s a proposed st andard for c able having a tr ansmission frequency of 200 MHz .

7 1000 Mbp s a proposed st andard for c able having a tr ansmission frequency of 6 00 MHz usin g fully

shielded c ables (individu al foil p airs and over all br aid shield - I STP).

Chun IEEE 802.3 cho cp xon kp kt ni ethernet topo dng star


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11Standard IEEE

R eleased

Sym bol

rate

Encoding M edium F ull-du p lex

10Ba se-T 802.3i - 1990 10Mb d Manchester Two p airs of 100 UTP CAT 3 or better Supported

100Ba se-TX 802.3u - 1995 125Mb d 4B/5B Two p airs of 100 UTP CAT5 or 150 STP Supported

100Ba se- T4 802.3u - 1995 33Mbd 8B/6T Four p airs of 100 UTP C AT 3 or better Not

100Ba se- T2 802.3y - 1997 25Mb d P AM5 x5 Two p airs of 100 UTP CAT 3 or better Supported

1000Ba se- T 802.3ab -1999 125Mb d P AM5 x5 Four p airs of 100 UTP C AT5 or better Supported1000Ba se- X 802.3z - 1999 1250Mb d 8B/10B Two p airs of 150 STP Supported

RJ 45 connector pin assignments for each of the Ethernet twisted pairs.

P in 10B ase-T Signal 100B ase-TX Signal 100B ase-T4 Signal 100B ase-T2 Signal 1000B ase-T Signal

1 TD+ ( Tr ansmit D ata) TD+ ( Tr ansmit D ata) TX_ D1+ (Tr ansmit D ata) BI _ DA+ ( Bidi D ata) BI _ DA+ ( Bidi D ata)

2 TD- (Tr ansmit D ata) TD- (Tr ansmit D ata) TX_ D1- (Tr ansmit D ata) BI _ DA- (Bidi D ata) BI _ DA- ( Bidi D ata)

3 R D+ ( R eceive D ata) R D+ ( R eceive D ata) RX_ D2+ (R eceive D ata) BI _ DB+ (Bidi D ata) BI _ DB+ (Bidi D ata)

4 Not used Not used BI _ D3+ ( Bidi D ata) Not used BI _ DC+ ( Bidi D ata)

5 Not used Not used BI _ D3- ( Bidi D ata) Not used BI _ DC- ( Bidi D ata)

6 R D- ( R eceive D ata) R D- ( R eceive D ata) RX_ D2- (R eceive D ata) BI _ DB- (Bidi D ata) BI _ DB- (Bidi D ata)

7 Not Used Not Used BI _ D4+ (Bidi D ata) Not used BI _ DD+ ( Bidi D ata)

8 Not Used Not Used BI _ D4- (Bidi D ata) Not used BI _ DD- ( Bidi D ata)

Chun IEEE ethernet 10Base T


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12 10 BASE -T PARAMETERS A ND WI R ING RULES

y

Star topology using H UB. 10Mb ps Base band. UsingManchester encoding.y Maximum length per segment is 100 meters. ( 10 meters

Patch cord + 9 0 meters horizont al cable)y Maximum of 2 devices per segment; one is the st ation

and the other is the hu b.y Maximum of 2 Inter- R epeater Links between devices

without using bridge or switch ( A hu b is a repe ater ).y Cert ain hu bs come with a standard B NC and/or AUI

connection.y Hu bs can connect to fi ber optic or co ax networks.y Unsheilded twisted p air no less th an Category 2 is

required for 10Ba seT oper ation, however, C ategory 3 or

higher is preferred.y UTP cabling is not recommended for areas with

electrom agnetic or r adio frequency interference(EM I/R FI).

y NIC's come with built-in tr ansceivers so connections aremade directly to the NIC.

y

NIC's with st andard AUI ports must use a 10Ba se-T twisted p air tr ansceiver.

1. Tr ansceiver 2. Tr ansceiver C able3. C at 5 Wallpl ate (Outlet) 4. Cat 5 UTP Cable5. 10 Base- T Hu b 6. C at 5 Patch P anel7. C at 5 Color Coded P atch C ables8. 10 Base- T RJ45 Network C ard

9. 50 Ohm Termin ator 10. Thick Ethernet Trunk C able

11. Equipment Rack

ethernet 100Base T


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Chun mu dy cp UTP v J ack u ni RJ 45

1. 10/100 Mb ps Ethernet Switch2. Cross Pinned C at5 UT P C able3. Str aight Pinned C at5 UT P C able4. Cat5 Wallpl ate Assem bly5. Cat5 Color Coded P atch C ables6. 10 Base-T Network C ard7. 10 Base-T Ethernet Hu b 8. 100 Base- T Network C ard9. 100 Base- T Fast Ethernet Hu b


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14

u ni cp thng v cp cho


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15

cp STP th-ng dng cho mng Token R ing


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Cu to v phn loi cp quang (Optical fiber)


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19 Multi Mode Fiber (MMF)

y Multi-mode fi ber typic ally h as a core di ameter of 50 or 6 2.5 micron.y Allows good coupling from inexpensive LE Ds light sources, and the use of inexpensive couplers and

connectors.

y Support segment lengths 2000 meters for 10 and 100 Mb ps Ethernet, and 550 meters for 1 G b ps Ethernet.y

Two types of multi-mode fi ber :1. Gr aded Index Fi ber ---------> reducing mod al dispersion of the sign al.

2. Stepped Index Fi ber ---------> lower bandwidths th an gr aded index fi bers.

Single Mode Fiber (SMF)y Core di ameter th at is so sm all (8 or 10 microns) th at elimin ates mod al dispersion.y More difficult to m ake coupling light into the fi ber.y Lasers must be used as light sources to attain high bandwidth.

y Supporting much longer segment lengths th an multi-mode fi ber. ( 5000 meters supported at all Ethernet).y More expensive to deploy th an multi-mode fi ber.

Chun IEEE cho cp quang kt ni ethernet


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20Standard M edium and wavelength

connector and encoding

M aximum

segment length

App lication

10Ba se-F L (Fi ber Link)

MM F 62.5/125 , 850 nm w avelengthST connector, Manchester

2000 m Fi ber Optic Inter- R epeater Link ideal for connecting between buildings.

10Ba se-F B (Fi ber Back bone)


2000 m incre ases the num ber of repe aters by reducingthe amount of interfr ame g a p shrink age.

10Ba se-FP

(Fi ber P assive)

MM F 62.5/125 , 850 nm

ST connector, Manchester

500 m using for "fi ber optic p assive st ar" system

100Ba se-F L (Fi ber Link)


2000 m for connecting between buildings.

100Ba se-F X MM F 62.5/125 , 1300 nm w avelengthEC connector, 4B/5B .

Half 420 mFull 2000 m

essenti ally a "fi ber" version of the100Ba se-TX standard

1000Ba se-LX

(Long w avelength)

MM F 62.5/125 or 50/125 or

SM F 10/125 . 1300 nm w avelength.duplex SC connector, 8 B/10B .

Half 316 m

Full MM F: 550 Full SMF: 5000

able to drive longer dist ances.

1000Ba se-SX (Short w avelength)

MM F 62.5/125 or 50/125 850 nm w avelength.duplex SC connector, 8 B/10B .

MM F 62.5/125 Half 275 mFull 275 m

MM F 50/125

Half 316 mFull 550 m

Short w avelength l asers h ave the advantageof being less expensive th an long w avelengthlasers .

Chun IEEE ethernet 1 0B ASE- FL


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2110 BASE -FL PARAMETERS A ND WI R ING RULES

y Maximum length per segment is 2 km.y Maximum of 2 devices per segment; one is the

station and the other is the hu b.

y Star topology.y 62.5-micron duplex multimode fi ber c able is

recommended. 50 and 100 micron is also available.

y Maximum of 2 repe aters m ay be used betweendevices.

y R epeaters come in p airs. A pair counts as 1 repe ater.

y NIC's with st andard AUI ports must use a fi ber optic tr ansceiver.

y EM I/R FI is nonexistent.y Best security.

1. Fi ber Optic C able 2. Tr ansceiver 3. Tr ansceiver C able 4. 10 Base T Hu b 5. Thinnet R epeater 6. PVC Thinnet C able7. C at 5 Color Coded P atch C ables8. Thin Ethernet B NC Network C ard9. 10 Base- T RJ45 Network C ard10. B NC T-Connector 11. 50 Ohm Termin ator

Ph-ng tin truyn dn v tuyn


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22 Type Characteristic F CC license ? Application

Terrestrial micro wave Point to PointGHz link, High bandwidth.

Distur bed by bad we ather

Yes Priv ate remote linksLA N repe ater connections

Satellite micro wave Point to Multipoint

expensive, covers l arge area

GHz link, 250 ms del ay.

Yes One to m any tr ansmision

CAT V

R adio Multipoint or Point to Point

VHF & UHF r adio ch annel

Mo bile units are available

Yes for Priv ate W A Ns

for Wireless LA Ns

Long-dist ance d ata communic ation

Infrared Point to Pointshort-r ange link

High bandwidth possi ble

No WirelessLA NsPC to PC connection

L aser Point to Point

Distur bed by bad we ather

No Short-links

(Priv ate link between buildings)

FCC - Federal Communications Commission

cc m hnh trin khai mng WLAN


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23

Wireless ethernet (IEEE 802.11)


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24 y IEEE 802.11 was the first of the wireless LA N

technologies and provided a data throughput of 1 - 2 Mb ps and used a frequency r ange of about 9 00 Mhtz.

y 802.11 WLA N st andard allows for tr ansmission over infr ared light and two types of r adio tr ansmission withinthe unlicensed frequency band: frequency hopping spre adspectrum (FH SS) and direct sequence spre ad spectrum(DSSS). FH SS is limited to a 2-Mb ps d ata tr ansfer For allother W LA N a pplic ations, D SSS is the better choice.

y IEEE 802.11b (referred to as 802.11 High Rate or Wi-Fi ), provides for a data r ate of 11 Mb ps over D SSS with a frequency r ange of 2.4 Ghtz.

y IEEE 802.11a , which provides throughput of 54 Mb psand also uses D SSS on a frequency of 5 Ghtz. thefrequency will re ach 5.7 Ghtz and allow W LA N's to break the 100 Mb ps threshold.

y IEEE 802.11 g tr ansmission over rel atively short dist ancesOper ates at up to 54 megabits per second ( Mb ps)

y Basic Access Methode is C SMA/ CA.y Using the Wired Equiv alent Priv acy 6 4/12 8 bits (W EP) or

the Wi-Fi Protected Access (WP A) to secure.

1. Wireless Ethernet Bridge 2. Outdoor Antenn a 3. PVC Thinnet C able 4. Thin Ethernet Network C ard5. B NC T Connector 6. 50 Ohm Termin ator 7. C at5 UTP C able 8. C at5 Patch C ables9. 10 Base- T Ethernet Hu b 10. 10 Base- T Network C ard

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Phuong Tien Truyen Dan 1