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Pilotprojekts – Viedās mājas «Ģimenes māja Vähjö» Zviedrijā
Rīga
Viesnīca Radisson Blu Latvija
Dr. Jānis Stabulnieks
Latvijas Tehnoloģiskais centrs
05.02.2019
Pilot Smart Houses – Implementation and results
Agenda
- The house and the family living in the house
- Objectives with the pilot
- The project team
- Products and systems
- Practical solutions
- Activities
- Experiences and conclusions
- Consequences and future activities
3
§
4
5
Background
- The villa was already equipped with 20 solar panels with a capacity of about 5000 kWh per year
- 14 solar collectors to warm up water
- It is a plus energy house with 45 degree roof with south orientation
- In the house lives a family withfour people
Objectives
• Achieve higher energy efficiency by using intelligent control systems and power electronic-based solutions
• Use Solar panels, batteries and DC solutions
• To reduce losses in converters
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The Pilot Team
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The building organisation ”Sustainable Smart Houses in
Småland”
The family living in the house
Natek Power Systems, power electronics and system design
RISE (Kista), project management and technical support
+ UPN, Power electronic solution
+ Elajo, Installation
UPN
The Pilot Team Project planning
- Project leadership
- Activities
- Time schedule
- Costs
- Risk analysis
- Working methods
- Communication
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From theory to physical activities
9
Products and systems needed
- Two new grids- Expanded DC use- Island operation
- Products, components and system- Batteries, chargers, converters- Wall outlets, spotlights, displays- Installation rack, wiring, sensors- Grounding equipment- Steering and control system
- Manuals and documentations
10
Island mode operation relates to power plants that operate in
isolation from the national or local electricity distribution
network.
There are two key types of island mode operation:
Stand-alone generators not connected to the electricity grid
Generators connected to the electricity grid in parallel
mode, meaning they can generate power independently in
the event of a grid power outage
Supply to consumers: with an option to choose between 50 and
60 Hz drive, these types of plants are typical of basic
installations and mobile generator sets.
Activities
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- Drawings
- Purchase of products and components
- System construction and test
- Grids, wiring and grounding
- Physical installation in the house
- Measuring and further tests
- Workshops and seminars
Expanded DC in the house
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Running on DC:
All fixed lightning in ceiling, all electronic
devices
Six wall contacts installed with DC
Grounding for safety
Installation of steering and control
IEC Plug 400V DC, 7A
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Island operation in the house
Batteries and expanded DC
DC/AC converter for use in case of
power failure
New grid for fridge, freezer, micro
and ventilation
Steering and control
Prepared for external generator
Constructed system summary• Specification, design, construction and installation of an
AC and DC hybrid electrical micro building grid with a storage battery.
• System is standalone with full islanding capacity in full service in a family
home.
• Battery is connected to both 230 AC and DC 350 V
• => supporting lighting, communications equipment and appliances.
• => Some electrical equipment is operated directly from a battery
without conversion to ac.
• An energy storage management system and software program have been
developed and verified.
• System installed in a family home and
fully complying with today’s electrical installation rules.
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System Block Diagram , January 2018
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AC Grid
Original AC:
3-phase and
fixed single-
phase outlets
Original AC installation
Credit: Cliparts from clipground.com, licence CC BY 4.0
System Block Diagram , January 2018
16
AC Grid
Original AC:
3-phase and
fixed single-
phase outlets
DC installationPowered from the AC grid
DCACDC loads
Fixed Outlets
&
Wall outlets
Credit: Cliparts from clipground.com, licence CC BY 4.0
System Block Diagram , January 2018
17
AC Grid
Original AC:
3-phase and
fixed single-
phase outlets
DC installation Powered from the solar cells
DCACDC loads
Fixed Outlets
&
Wall outlets
Credit: Cliparts from clipground.com, licence CC BY 4.0
PV string 1
PV string 2
DCDC
MPPT Charger
Measurement & control
System Block Diagram , January 2018
18
AC Grid
Original AC:
3-phase and
fixed single-
phase outlets
DC installation Selling locally-produced electricity
DCACDC loads
Fixed Outlets
&
Wall outlets
Credit: Cliparts from clipground.com, licence CC BY 4.0
PV string 1
PV string 2
DCDC
MPPT Charger
Measurement & control
DCAC
BreakerSunny Boy3 phase
System Block Diagram , January 2018
19
AC Grid
Original AC:
3-phase and
fixed single-
phase outlets
DC installation Storing electricity
DCACDC loads
Fixed Outlets
&
Wall outlets
Credit: Cliparts from clipground.com, licence CC BY 4.0
PV string 1
PV string 2
DCDC
MPPT Charger
Measurement & control
DCAC
BreakerSunny Boy3 phase
Battery
Charger
System Block Diagram , January 2018
20
AC Grid
Original AC:
3-phase and
fixed single-
phase outlets
AC + DCIslanding
DCACDC loads
Fixed Outlets
&
Wall outlets
Credit: Cliparts from clipground.com, licence CC BY 4.0
PV string 1
PV string 2
DCDC
MPPT Charger
Measurement & control
DCAC
BreakerSunny Boy3 phase
Battery
Charger
DCAC
Islanding Inverter
AC loadsSingle phase
fixed outlets &
wall outlets
Experiences
Positive experiences
- Renewable energy can be stored and used efficiently
- Less purchased energy
- Less losses by avoiding converting DC-AC
- Much can run on DC
- The household is less vulnerable in case of power failure
- 350 volt DC works fine.
- Steering and Control system works fine
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Experiences
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Negative experiences
- Small financial benefits
- Limited acces to components
- Limited experience and compability between components
- Unexpected errors in components
- Batteries have short life
- Most appliances are produced for AC
Future consequences and activities
- Project partners
- Market
- Family in the house
- More research
- Expanded new projects
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