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Pink Floyds Meddle(1971)
Meddleis the sixthstudio albumby Englishprogressive rock
groupPink Floyd,
released on 30 October 1971 byHarvest Records.It was produced
between the band'stouring commitments, from January to August 1971.
The album was recorded at a
series of locations aroundLondon,includingAbbey Road
StudiosandMorgan Studios.
With no material to work with and no clear idea of the album's
direction, the band
devised a series of novel experiments which eventually inspired
the album's signature
track, "Echoes". Although many of the group's later albums would
be unified by a
central theme with lyrics written mainly byRoger
Waters,Meddlewas a group effort
with lyrical contributions from each member. The cover,
incorporating a close-up shot
of an ear underwater was, as with several previous albums,
designed by Hipgnosis,
thoughStorm Thorgerson was unhappy with the final result.
The album was well received by music critics upon its release.
However, despite beingcommercially successful in the United
Kingdom, lacklustre publicity on the part of
their United States-based label led to poor sales there.
Recording
Returning from a series of tours ofAtom Heart Motheracross
America and England,at the start of 1971 the band started work on
new material at Abbey Road.[1]At the
time, Abbey Road was equipped only with eight-trackmultitrack
recording facilities,
which Pink Floyd found insufficient for the increasing technical
demands of their
project. They transferred their best efforts, including the
opening of "Echoes", to 16-
track tape at smaller studios inLondon (namelyAIR, andMorgan in
WestHampstead) and resumed work with the advantage of more flexible
recording
equipment. EngineersJohn Leckie and Peter Bown recorded the main
Abbey Road
and AIR sessions, while for minor work at Morgan studios inWest
Hampstead Rob
Black and Roger Quested handled the engineering duties.[2]
Lacking a central theme for the project, the band used several
experimental methods in
an attempt to spur the creative process. One exercise involved
each member playing
on a separate track, with no reference to what the other members
were doing. The
tempo was entirely random while the band played around an agreed
chord structure,and moods such as 'first two minutes romantic, next
two up tempo'. Each recorded
section was named, but the process was largely unproductive;
after several weeks no
complete songs had been created.[3]
John Leckie had worked on albums such asGeorge Harrison'sAll
Things Must
PassandRingo Starr'sSentimental Journey, and was employed as a
tape-operator
onMeddle, partly for his proclivity for working into the early
hours of the morning.
Pink Floyd's sessions would often begin in the afternoon, and
end early the nextmorning, "...during which time nothing would get
done. There was no record company
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contact whatsoever, except when their label manager would show
up now and again
with a couple of bottles of wine and a couple of joints." [4]The
band would apparently
spend long periods of time working on simple sounds, or a
particular guitar riff. They
also spent several days at Air Studios, attempting to create
music using a variety of
household objects, a project which would be revisited between
their next albums, TheDark Side of the MoonandWish You Were
Here.
[5]
Following these early experimentscalled "Nothings"the band
developed "Son of
Nothings", which was followed by "Return of the Son of
Nothings"the working titleof the new album. One of these early
works involved the use of Richard Wright's
piano. Wright had fed a single note through aLeslie
speaker,producing a submarine-
likeping. The band tried repeatedly to recreate this sound in
the studio but were
unsuccessful, and so the demo version was used on what would
later become
"Echoes",[3]
mixed almost exclusively at Air Studios.[6]
Combined with David
Gilmour's guitar, the band were able to develop the track
further, experimenting withaccidentalsound effects (such as
Gilmour's guitar being plugged into a wah-wah pedal
back to front). UnlikeAtom Heart Motherthe new multi-track
capabilities of the
studio enabled them to create the track in stages, rather than
performing it in a single
take. The final 23-minute piece would eventually take up the
entire second side of the
album.[7]
"One of These Days" was developed around anostinatobassline
created byRoger
Waters,by feeding the output through aBinson Echorec. The bass
line was performed
by Waters and David Gilmour using two bass guitars, one on old
strings. Nick
Mason's abstruse "One of these days I'm going to cut you into
little pieces" line wasrecorded at double speed using afalsetto
voice, and replayed at normal speed.[8]
Meddlewas recorded between the band's various concert
commitments, and thereforeits production was spread over a
considerable period of time.[2]The band recorded in
the first half of April, but in the latter half played at
Doncaster and Norwich before
returning to record at the end of the month. In May they split
their time between
sessions at Abbey Road, and rehearsals and concerts in London,
Lancaster, Stirling,
Edinburgh, Glasgow, and Nottingham. June and July were spent
mainly performing atvenues across Europe.[2][9]August was spent in
the far east and Australia, September in
Europe, and October to November in the US.[2]In the same period
the band alsoproducedRelics, a compilation album of some of Pink
Floyd's earlier
works.[10]
Aquadraphonic mix of the album was prepared at Command Studios
on 21
and 26 September, but remains unreleased.[11][12]
Composition
Though the tracks possess a variety of moods,Meddle is generally
considered more
cohesive than its 1970 predecessorAtom Heart Mother.[13]The
largely instrumental
"One of These Days" is followed by "A Pillow of Winds", which is
distinguished by
being one of the fewquiet,acoustic love songs in the Pink Floyd
catalogue. These twosongs segue into each other across windysound
effects,anticipating the technique that
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e-4
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would later be used on Wish You Were Here. The title of "A
Pillow of Winds" was
inspired by the games ofMahjong that Waters and Mason, and their
wives, played
while in the south of France.[14]
The song "Fearless" employsfield recordings of theLiverpool
F.C.Kop choir singing
"You'll Never Walk Alone", their anthem, which brings the song
to an end in aheavilyreverberatedfade-out. "San Tropez", by
contrast, is ajazz-inflectedpop
song with ashuffle tempo,composed by Waters in his increasingly
deployed style of
breezy, off-the-cuff song-writing. The song was inspired by the
band's trip to the southof France in 1970. Pink Floyd
uncharacteristically displayed their sense of humour
with "Seamus", a pseudo-blues novelty track featuringSteve
Marriott's dog (which
Gilmour was looking after) howling along to the music.[14][nb
1]
"Seamus" often tops
polls as the worst song Pink Floyd ever created, but the band
would later use animal
sounds again, inAnimals.[15]
The final song on the album is the 23-minute "Echoes". First
performed as "Return ofthe Son of Nothing" on 22 April 1971 in
Norwich,
[16]the band spent about six months
on the track in three studios (Morgan, Air, and Abbey
Road).[12]
The track opens with
Richard Wright's 'ping'. "Echoes" was recorded almost entirely
at Air Studios,[6]
and
completed in July 1971.[12]"Echoes" also gave its name to the
compilation
albumEchoes: The Best of Pink Floyd, on which a much-edited
version of the title
track was included. In the compilation, multiple edits
throughout the entire song cut
the running length of the piece down by some seven minutes. Some
of the material
composed during creation ofMeddlewas not used; however, one song
would
eventually become "Brain Damage", on The Dark Side of the
Moon.[13][17]
Packaging
The album's titleMeddleis a play on words; amedal, and to
interfere.[15]
Storm
Thorgerson originally suggested a close-up shot of
ababoon'sanusfor thealbum
coverphotograph. He was overruled by the band, who informed him
via an inter-continental telephone call while on tour inJapan that
they would rather have "an ear
underwater".[18]The cover image was photographed by Bob Dowling.
The image
represents an ear, underwater, collecting waves of sound
(represented by ripples in the
water).[15]
Thorgerson has expressed dissatisfaction with the cover,
claiming it to be hisleast favourite Pink Floyd album sleeve: "I
thinkMeddleis a much better album thanits cover".[19]Aubrey Powell
(Thorgerson's colleague) shares his sentiments"Meddlewas a mess. I
hated that cover. I don't think we did them justice with that
at
all; it's half-hearted."[20]Thegatefold contains a group
photograph of the band (Floyd's
last until 1987'sA Momentary Lapse of Reason).[19]
Release and reception
Meddlewas released on 30 October 1971 in the US, and 13 November
in the UK.[nb
2]
Meddlewas later released as a remasteredLPbyMobile Fidelity
Sound Lab,[29]
and
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in April 1989 on their "Ultradisc" gold CD format.[30]The album
was included as part
of the box setShine Onon 2 November 1992.[nb 3][32]
Although in the UK it reached number three, lacklustre publicity
on the part of CapitolRecords led to weak sales in the US, and a
chart position of number 70.[27][33]On 29
November 1971, "One of These Days" was released as a7-inch
single in the US, with"Fearless" on the B-side.
[34]"One of These Days" and "Echoes" were performed
duringLive At Pompeii(the latter in two parts) and also on the
BBC's 1971In
Concert.[35][36]
Meddlewas later certifiedgoldby theRIAA on 29 October 1973
andthen double platinum on 11 March 1994, following the added
attention garnered by
the band's later successes in the United States.[37]
Critical response
Upon its release,Meddlereceived generally positive reviews
frommusic
critics.[38]
Rolling Stone
's Jean-Charles Costa wrote: "Meddlenot only confirms
leadguitarist David Gilmour's emergence as a real shaping force
with the group, it statesforcefully and accurately that the group
is well into the growth track
again",[39]andNMEcalled it "an exceptionally good
album".[40]Steve Peterson ofHit
Paradercited "Fearless" as its best song and said of the album,
"This has got to be
their best ever."[38]
Ed Kelleher ofCircuscalled it "another masterpiece by a
masterful
group", noting "Fearless" as "fascinating" and praising "Echoes"
as "a tone poem thatallows all four group members much time to
stretch their
muscles."[38]However,Melody Makerwas more reserved, claiming
that it is "...a
soundtrack to a non-existent movie".
[40]
In his consumer guide forThe VillageVoice,Robert Christgau
called it "not bad", commenting that "Echoes" "moves
through 23:21 of 'Across the Universe'cop with the timeless calm
ofinterstellar
overdrive, and the acoustic-typefolk songs boast their very
own
melodies."[23]Referring to the lyrics of "A Pillow of Winds",
Christgau quipped, "The
word 'behold' should never cross their filters again, but this
is definitely an
improvement: one eensy-weensy step for humanity, one giant step
for Pink Floyd."[23]
In a retrospective review, Daryl Easlea ofBBC wrote of the album
in comparison
toAtom Heart Mother, "In many respects,Meddle, released a little
over a year later, is
the same again, only with much, much, better tunes and less
clutter."
[41]
Easleacommented that "Echoes" "dominates the entire work",
calling it "everything rightabout progressive rock; engaging,
intelligent and compelling." [41]InThe New Rolling
Stone Album Guide(2004), music journalistRob Sheffield gave the
album three-and-
a-half out of five stars and stated, "Meddleintroduced the
Floyd's mature style in the
23-minute instrumental 'Echoes,' coloring the slow guitar
ripples with deep-in-the-
studio sonic details that only the truly baked would notice,
much less
appreciate."[25]
Allmusic editor Stephen Thomas Erlewine commented that the
album
"spends most of its time with sonic textures and elongated
compositions, most notably
on its epic closer, 'Echoes.'" He noted a "uniform tone", but
not song structure, and
wrote the album's significance in the group's catalogue, "Pink
Floyd were nothing if
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llar_Overdrivehttp://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/cop#Verbhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Across_the_Universehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Christgauhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Village_Voicehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Village_Voicehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_note-Schaffner1556-43http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melody_Makerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_note-Super70s-41http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circus_(magazine)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_note-Super70s-41http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hit_Paraderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hit_Paraderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_note-Schaffner1556-43http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NMEhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_note-Costa-42http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolling_Stonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_note-Super70s-41http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Music_journalismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Music_journalismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_note-40http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recording_Industry_Association_of_Americahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RIAA_certificationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_note-38http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_note-38http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_note-37http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single_(music)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_note-Mabbettp39-28http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_note-Mabbettp39-28http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_note-34http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_note-34http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shine_On_(Pink_Floyd)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_note-32
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not masters of texture, andMeddleis one of their greatest
excursions into little details,
pointing the way to the measured brilliance ofDark Side of the
Moonand the entire
Roger Waters era [...] [T]he album is one of the Floyd's most
consistent explorations
of mood, especially from their time at Harvest, and it stands as
the strongest record
they released between Syd's departure andDark Side."[21]
Track listing
Side one
No. Title Music Lead vocals Length
1. "One of These Days" Waters, Wright, Mason,Gilmour
Instrumental[nb 4] 5:57
2. "A Pillow of Winds" Waters, Gilmour Gilmour 5:10
3. "Fearless"(including "You'llNever Walk Alone")
Waters, Gilmour(includingRodgers,Hammerstein II)
Gilmour 6:08
4. "San Tropez" Waters Waters 3:43
5. "Seamus" Waters, Wright, Mason,Gilmour
Gilmour 2:16
Side two
No. Title Music Lead vocals Length
1. "Echoes" Waters, Wright, Mason, Gilmour Gilmour and Wright
23:29
Sales chart performance
Year Chart Position
1971 UK Albums Chart 3[12][43]
1971 BillboardPop Albums 70[44]
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Personnel
Credits taken from sleeve notes.[45]
Pink Floyd
David Gilmour
guitar,bass on "One of These Days",leadvocals, harmonica on
"Seamus"
Roger Watersbass, lead vocals and acoustic guitar on "San
Tropez"
Richard WrightHammondorgan,piano,vocals on "Echoes"
Nick Masondrums,percussion,vocal phrase on "One of These
Days"
Additional personnel
Rob Blackengineering (Morgan Studio)
Peter Bownengineering (Air and EMI Studios)
Peter Curzondesign on album remaster
Bob Dowlingouter sleeve photos
James Guthrieremastering
Hipgnosisband photo
John Leckieengineering (Air and EMI Studios)
Tony Mayinner sleeve photos
Pink Floydalbum cover design
Roger Quested
engineering (Morgan Studio) Doug Saxremastering
Seamus the Dogvocals on "Seamus"
Storm Thorgersondesign on album remaster
References
Notes
1. Jump up^"Seamus" was remade as "Mademoiselle Nobs", featuring
a
different dog and no lyrics, in the filmPink Floyd: Live at
Pompeii.
[14]
2. Jump up^Povey (2007) suggests that the UK release date was
5
November,[26]
but Mabbett (1995) and Pink Floyd's official website both
state13 November. All sources agree on the US release
date.[27][28]
3. Jump up^UK - EMI PFBOX 1, US - Columbia CXK 53180 S1[31]
4. Jump up^The song is entirely instrumental, except for a
spoken line byNickMason.[42]
Footnotes
1. Jump up^Mason 2005,pp. 152153
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_note-49http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_note-49http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_note-49http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Gilmourhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guitarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bass_guitarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lead_vocalisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harmonicahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roger_Watershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Wright_(musician)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hammond_organhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organ_(music)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pianohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nick_Masonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drum_kithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percussion_instrumenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phrasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audio_engineeringhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Guthrie_(record_producer)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audio_masteringhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hipgnosishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Leckiehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pink_Floydhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dog_communication#Vocalizationshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Storm_Thorgersonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pink_Floyd:_Live_at_Pompeiihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pink_Floyd:_Live_at_Pompeiihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_note-Masonp156-14http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_note-Masonp156-14http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_note-Masonp156-14http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-30http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-30http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_note-27http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_note-27http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_note-27http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_note-Mabbettp39-28http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_note-Mabbettp39-28http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_note-Mabbettp39-28http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-34http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-34http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_note-PoveyNA-33http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_note-PoveyNA-33http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-46http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-46http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nick_Masonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nick_Masonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_note-45http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_note-45http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_note-45http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#CITEREFMason2005http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#CITEREFMason2005http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_note-45http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nick_Masonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nick_Masonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-46http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_note-PoveyNA-33http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-34http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_note-Mabbettp39-28http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_note-Mabbettp39-28http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_note-27http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-30http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_note-Masonp156-14http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pink_Floyd:_Live_at_Pompeiihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Storm_Thorgersonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dog_communication#Vocalizationshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pink_Floydhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Leckiehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hipgnosishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audio_masteringhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Guthrie_(record_producer)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audio_engineeringhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phrasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percussion_instrumenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drum_kithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nick_Masonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pianohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organ_(music)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hammond_organhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Wright_(musician)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roger_Watershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harmonicahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lead_vocalisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bass_guitarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guitarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Gilmourhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_note-49
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2. ^Jump up to:abcdMason 2005,p. 157
3. ^Jump up to:abMason 2005,p. 153
4. Jump up^Harris 2006,p. 62
5. Jump up^Harris 2006,pp. 6364
6. ^Jump up to:a
b
Mabbett 1995,p. 427. Jump up^Mason 2005,pp. 153154
8. Jump up^Mason 2005,p. 155
9. Jump up^Povey 2007,pp. 142144
10.Jump up^Mason 2005,p. 158
11.Jump up^Povey 2007,p. 148
12. Jump up to:abcdSnider 2008,p. 103
13. Jump up to:abSchaffner 1991,p. 160
14. Jump up to:abcMason 2005,p. 156
15. Jump up to:abcSchaffner 1991,p. 155
16.Jump up^Harris 2006,p. 64
17.Jump up^Povey 2007,p. 155
18.Jump up^Mason 2005,p. 160
19. Jump up to:abBlake 2007,p. 166
20.Jump up^Harris 2006,pp. 142143
21. Jump up to:abErlewine, Stephen Thomas,Meddle:
Overview,Allmusic,retrieved 6 September 2009
22.Jump up^Twist, Carlo,Meddle - Blender, blender.com, retrieved
20 August2009[dead link]
23. Jump up to:abcChristgau, Robert,Pink Floyd:
Meddle,robertchristgau.com,
retrieved 20 August 2009
24.Jump up^Q,October 1995: 137, "3 Stars - Good - "...The four
were at theirmost collectively prolific at this time...""
25. Jump up to:abSheffield, Rob (2 November 2004)."Pink Floyd:
AlbumGuide".Rolling Stone.Wenner Media,Fireside Books.Retrieved 24
September2011.
26.Jump up^Povey 2007,p. 15027. Jump up to:
abMabbett 1995,p. 39
28.Jump up^Pink Floyd - Echoes (click Echoes image link),
pinkfloyd.co.uk,retrieved 22 August 2009
29.Jump up^MFSL Out of Print Archive - Original Master Recording
LP,mofi.com, retrieved 3 August 2009
30.Jump up^MFSL Out of Print Archive - Ultradisc II Gold CD,
mofi.com,retrieved 3 August 2009
31.Jump up^Povey 2007,p. N/A
32.Jump up^Eder, Bruce,Shine On - Review,allmusic.com, retrieved
15 August2009
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Masonp157_2-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Masonp157_2-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Masonp157_2-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Masonp157_2-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Masonp157_2-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Masonp157_2-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Masonp157_2-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Masonp157_2-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#CITEREFMason2005http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Masonp153_3-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Masonp153_3-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Masonp153_3-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Masonp153_3-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#CITEREFMason2005http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#CITEREFHarris2006http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#CITEREFHarris2006http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Mabbett_1995_p.3D42_6-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Mabbett_1995_p.3D42_6-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Mabbett_1995_p.3D42_6-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Mabbett_1995_p.3D42_6-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#CITEREFMabbett1995http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#CITEREFMason2005http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#CITEREFMason2005http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#CITEREFPovey2007http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#CITEREFMason2005http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Poveyp148_11-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Poveyp148_11-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Poveyp148_11-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#CITEREFPovey2007http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Sniderp103_12-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Sniderp103_12-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Sniderp103_12-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Sniderp103_12-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Sniderp103_12-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Sniderp103_12-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Sniderp103_12-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Sniderp103_12-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#CITEREFSnider2008http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Schaffnerp160_13-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Schaffnerp160_13-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Schaffnerp160_13-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Schaffnerp160_13-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#CITEREFSchaffner1991http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Masonp156_14-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Masonp156_14-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Masonp156_14-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Masonp156_14-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Masonp156_14-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Masonp156_14-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#CITEREFMason2005http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Schaffnerp155_16-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Schaffnerp155_16-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Schaffnerp155_16-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Schaffnerp155_16-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Schaffnerp155_16-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Schaffnerp155_16-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#CITEREFSchaffner1991http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-17http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-17http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-17http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#CITEREFHarris2006http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-18http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-18http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-18http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#CITEREFPovey2007http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#CITEREFMason2005http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Blakep166_20-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Blakep166_20-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Blakep166_20-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Blakep166_20-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#CITEREFBlake2007http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-21http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-21http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-21http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#CITEREFHarris2006http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Erlewine_22-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Erlewine_22-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Erlewine_22-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Erlewine_22-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Erlewine_22-1http://www.allmusic.com/album/r15239http://www.allmusic.com/album/r15239http://www.allmusic.com/album/r15239http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-23http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-23http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-23http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-23http://blender.com/52757/meddle.htmlhttp://blender.com/52757/meddle.htmlhttp://blender.com/52757/meddle.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rothttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rothttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rothttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Christgau_24-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Christgau_24-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Christgau_24-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Christgau_24-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Christgau_24-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Christgau_24-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Christgau_24-2http://www.robertchristgau.com/get_album.php?id=5683http://www.robertchristgau.com/get_album.php?id=5683http://www.robertchristgau.com/get_album.php?id=5683http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-25http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-25http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-25http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q_(magazine)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q_(magazine)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q_(magazine)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-RSguide_26-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-RSguide_26-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-RSguide_26-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-RSguide_26-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rob_Sheffieldhttp://www.rollingstone.com/music/artists/pink-floyd/albumguidehttp://www.rollingstone.com/music/artists/pink-floyd/albumguidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolling_Stonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolling_Stonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolling_Stonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jann_Wennerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fireside_Bookshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-27http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-27http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-27http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#CITEREFPovey2007http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Mabbettp39_28-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Mabbettp39_28-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Mabbettp39_28-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Mabbettp39_28-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#CITEREFMabbett1995http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-29http://www.pinkfloyd.co.uk/http://www.pinkfloyd.co.uk/http://www.pinkfloyd.co.uk/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-31http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-31http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-31http://www.mofi.com/v/vspfiles/assets/images/omrlp.txthttp://www.mofi.com/v/vspfiles/assets/images/omrlp.txthttp://www.mofi.com/v/vspfiles/assets/images/omrlp.txthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-32http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-32http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-32http://www.mofi.com/v/vspfiles/assets/images/goldcds.txthttp://www.mofi.com/v/vspfiles/assets/images/goldcds.txthttp://www.mofi.com/v/vspfiles/assets/images/goldcds.txthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-PoveyNA_33-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-PoveyNA_33-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-PoveyNA_33-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#CITEREFPovey2007http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-35http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-35http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-35http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-35http://www.allmusic.com/album/r59636http://www.allmusic.com/album/r59636http://www.allmusic.com/album/r59636http://www.allmusic.com/album/r59636http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-35http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#CITEREFPovey2007http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-PoveyNA_33-0http://www.mofi.com/v/vspfiles/assets/images/goldcds.txthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-32http://www.mofi.com/v/vspfiles/assets/images/omrlp.txthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-31http://www.pinkfloyd.co.uk/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#CITEREFMabbett1995http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Mabbettp39_28-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Mabbettp39_28-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#CITEREFPovey2007http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-27http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fireside_Bookshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jann_Wennerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolling_Stonehttp://www.rollingstone.com/music/artists/pink-floyd/albumguidehttp://www.rollingstone.com/music/artists/pink-floyd/albumguidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rob_Sheffieldhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-RSguide_26-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-RSguide_26-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q_(magazine)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-25http://www.robertchristgau.com/get_album.php?id=5683http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Christgau_24-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Christgau_24-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Christgau_24-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rothttp://blender.com/52757/meddle.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-23http://www.allmusic.com/album/r15239http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Erlewine_22-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Erlewine_22-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#CITEREFHarris2006http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-21http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#CITEREFBlake2007http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Blakep166_20-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Blakep166_20-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#CITEREFMason2005http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#CITEREFPovey2007http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-18http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#CITEREFHarris2006http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-17http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#CITEREFSchaffner1991http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Schaffnerp155_16-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Schaffnerp155_16-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Schaffnerp155_16-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#CITEREFMason2005http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Masonp156_14-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Masonp156_14-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Masonp156_14-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#CITEREFSchaffner1991http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Schaffnerp160_13-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Schaffnerp160_13-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#CITEREFSnider2008http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Sniderp103_12-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Sniderp103_12-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Sniderp103_12-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Sniderp103_12-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#CITEREFPovey2007http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Poveyp148_11-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#CITEREFMason2005http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#CITEREFPovey2007http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#CITEREFMason2005http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#CITEREFMason2005http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#CITEREFMabbett1995http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Mabbett_1995_p.3D42_6-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Mabbett_1995_p.3D42_6-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#CITEREFHarris2006http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#CITEREFHarris2006http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#CITEREFMason2005http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Masonp153_3-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Masonp153_3-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#CITEREFMason2005http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Masonp157_2-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Masonp157_2-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Masonp157_2-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meddle#cite_ref-Masonp157_2-0
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33.Jump up^Harris 2006,pp. 158161
34.Jump up^Povey 2007,p. 344
35.Jump up^Mabbett 1995,p. 43
36.Jump up^Harris 2006,p. 67
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ed.), Omnibus Press,ISBN 0-7119-4301-X
Mason, Nick (2005), Philip Dodd, ed.,Inside Out - A Personal
History of PinkFloyd(Paperback ed.), Phoenix,ISBN0-7538-1906-6
Povey, Glenn (2007),Echoes,Mind Head
Publishing,ISBN0-9554624-0-1
Schaffner, Nicholas (1991), Saucerful of Secrets(First ed.),
London : Sidgwick &
Jackson,ISBN0-283-06127-8
Snider, Charles (2008),The Strawberry Bricks Guide to
Progressive Rock,
Lulu.com,ISBN0-615-17566-X
Further reading
Reising, Russell (2005),Speak to Me, Ashgate Publishing,
Ltd,ISBN0-7546-
4019-1
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