Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
152
p/kr` shave
sara .x, in*k8R Aai` ixfarxI
Î _È p /aStaivk :
p /St ut s.xa e2nat wavI ix9ka .sa#I jIvn ka ExLy ix9` kay R¢m tyar k=n TyacI
pir`amkarkta tpaslI _ p /St ut s.xa e2n AhvalaCya p /kr`-É m@y e ÊÉ Vya xtkatIl ix9` xaley
ix9`at jIvn ka ExLya .cI grj, jIvn ka ExLy ix9`, jIvn ka ExLy vaprac e fayd e, ix9k ix9`at
jIvn ka ExLya .cI grj, p /St ut s.xa e2nacI grj, s.xa e2n xI8 Rk, s.xa e2nacI ]id \d*3 e, pirkLpna,
mhTTv, VyaPtI Aai` mya Rda ya .ca smav ex kela _
p /kr` Ê m@y e s.b .i2t saihTy, p Uv R s .xa e2naca Aa!ava Aai` p /St ut s.xa e2nac e v eg; ep`
ya .ca smav ex kela _
p /kr` Ë m@y e s.xa e2n VyaQya, mhTTv, p /kar, s.xa e2n pd \2tI, s.xa e2n AiwkLp –
p /kar, cle, nm una, maihtI s.kln sa2n e, maihtI ivXle8` sa2n e, s.xa e2n kay RvahI ya .ca smav ex
kela Aah e _
p /kr` Ì m@y e s.xa e2n sa2n Aai` jIvn ka ExLy ix9` kay R¢m ivksn p /i¢y ec e v`Rn kel e
Aah e _ yat s.xa e2n sa2n, ivksn 3Pp e, ]id \d*3 e, Aaxy, p /Xna .c e Sv=p, g u`dan ya ejna, p4dxI R
AWyas ya .ca smav ex kela Aah e _
p /kr` 5 m@y e kay R¢macI pir`amkarkta AWyas~yasa#I s.QyaxaS5Iy ivXle8` kel e _
Tyacbra ebr sjRnxIl ivcar ka ExLy mapn cac`ItIl p /Xna .vrIl p /itsad, Svy .A@yynatIl ¡itpi5ka
Aai` iv´ai4 RnI .nI idlel e p /Tyawr` p /itsad ya .Cya Aa2ar e g u`aTmk ivXle8` Aai` A4Rinv Rcn kel e _
p /St ut p /kr`at s.xa e2naca sara .x d e}n in*k8 R Aai` ixfarxI sadr keLya Aah et _ tsec
p u!Il s.xa e2nasa#I iv8yhI sucvle Aah et _
153
Î _É iv8y p /v ex :
pirvt RnxIlta ha manvI jIvnaca S4ayIwav Aah e _ Tyam u; e VyKtIla pirp U` R jIvn
jg~yasa#I tyar kr`ar e ix9`deqIl pirvt RnxIl ha et e _ bdlTya ka;an usar ix9`acI @y ey e,
AWyas¢m, m ULymapn pd \2tI, )an, ka ExLy e, 9mta .cI grj l9at 6 e}n A@yyn-A@yapn pd \2tI,
sa2n e, ma@ym e, t .5 e, nv e nv e p /ya eg, ix9k-iv´a4I R s.b .2 Aai` mhTTvacI ix9kacI w Uimka yat
bdl zala Aah e _
jagitkIkr` Aai` Aa E´a e igkIkr` yam u; e t .5)an Aai` ]Tpadn 9e5at bdl zale Aah et _ ya
bdla .m u; e wavI nagirka .sa#I AavXyk )an, ka ExLy e, 9mta ya .cI grj l9at 6 e}n ix9ka .nI
AapLya A@yyn A@yapnat ya e Gy bdl kr`e Ap ei9t Aah e _ ya bdla .na skaraTmkten e sama er e
ja~yasa#I Aai` bdlleLya piriS4tIxI smaya ejn sa2~yasa#I jIvn ka ExLy ix9` nVya ip!Ila
6Div`a-ya ix9ka .sa#I AavXyk Aah e _
p /St ut p /kr`at ÊÉ Vya xtkatIl ix9`abd \dl Ape9a, xaley ix9`at jIvn ka ExLya .cI
grj, jIvn ka ExLyaca A4R, p /St ut s.xa e2nacI grj, ]id \d*3 e, pirkLpna, mhTTv, VyaPtI Aai`
mya Rda ya .ca pramxR 6 etla Aah e _ ya bdla .na skaraTmkten e sama er e ja~yasa#I Aai` bdlleLya
piriS4tIxI smaya ejn sa2~yasa#I 'jIvn ka ExLy ix9`' nVya ip!Ila 6Div`a-ya ix9ka .sa#I
Aai` Tyabra ebr [tr sva R .sa#I AavXyk Aah e _ ra*¨Iy AWyas¢m AaraqDa ÊÈÈ5 ya sva R .m@y e jIvn
ka ExLy ix9`acI Ap e9a VyKt kelI Aah e _ p /St ut s.xa e2nat wavI ix9ka .sa#I WHO Üjagitk
Aara e Gy s.63naÝ n e sUict kel eLya ÉÈ jIvn ka ExLya .vr Aa2airt ix9` kay R¢mac e ivksn k=n
TyacI pir`amkarkta tpaslI _
Î _É _É jIvn ka ExLye ix9` :
jagitk Aara e Gy s.63n en e (WHO) jIvn ka ExLya .cI VyaQya p u!Ilp /ma` e kelI Aah e _
"jIvn ka ExLy e Mh`je dEn .idn jIvnaCya Ap e9a Aai` AaVhan e ya .na p /wavI rItIn e
hata;~yasa#I VyKtIm@y e smaya ejnaTmk Aai` skaraTmk vtRnaca ivkas 6Div`a-ya 9mta
ha ey" _
154
jagitk Aara e Gy s.63n en e idlelI jIvn ka ExLya .cI yadI p u!Ilp /ma` e Aah e _
É _ Svja`Iv (Self Awareness)
Ê _ tdn uw UtI (Empathy)
Ë _ smSya inrakr` (Problem Solving)
Ì _ in` Ry 9mta (Decision Making)
5 _ p /wavI s.p / e8` (Effective Communication)
Î _ Aa .trVyiKtk s.b .2 (Interpersonal relation)
Ï _ sjRnxIl ivcar (Creative Thinking)
8 _ sarasar ivcar (Critical Thinking)
Ñ _ wavna .c e smaya ejn (Coping with Emotions)
ÉÈ _ ta`-t`ava .c e VyvS4apn (Coping with Stress)
(http://www.ubdoc.org/pat/youthnet/action/mess
ageescase-peers-07)
UNICEF n e jIvn ka ExLyacI VyaQya p u!Ilp /ma` e kelI Aah e _
")an, v <TtI, ka ExLy ya tINhI 9 e5a .t smta el sa2~yaCya d <i*3ka enat Un vt R` ukIca ivkas
ik.va vt R` ukIt bdl Mh`je jIvn ka ExLy ha ey" _
(http://www.unicef.org/life skills/index which skills.html)
mu;atc VyKtI .m@y e kmI Ai2k p /ma`at jIvn ka ExLy e Aah et _ Tya .c e ]pya ejn kr~yac e
ka ExLy va!iv`e ha jIvn ka ExLy e ivksnaca d <i*3ka en Aah e _ jIvn ka ExLy e VyKtIla Svt:bra ebrc
[tra .Cya Aa .tri¢ya, inra egI jIvnxElI Aai` p /itsadaTmk jbabdar vt Rnaca ivkas krtat _
Î _É _Ê jIvn ka ExLy vaprac e fayd e :
AaTmwanaCya sahaYyan e VyKtI Svt:c e sam$y R Aai` kmtrta smjav Un 6 e} xkte _
Aay u*yatIl s.2I Aa e;qUn 2a eKya .na sama er e ja~yacI tyarI k= xkte _
Aa .trVyiKtk ka ExLyam u; e VyKtI Svt:Cya jIvnat, ku3 u .bat Aai` smajat inma R` ha e`a-ya
smSya Aa e;qUn Tya .na yxSvIp`e sama erI ja} xkte _
skaraTmk nat es .b .2 smUhat, g3abra ebr kay R kr~yasa#I qUp fayd exIr #rtat _
155
jIvn ka ExLy e VyKtIla manvI AiStTv Aai` xaXvt ivkas, pya Rvr`Iy smSya yababt
s.v ednxIl bnivtat _
jIvn ka ExLya .m@y e skaraTmk ka ExLya .ca smav ex zaLyam u; e m ula .na Vysna .pas Un v [tr
2a eKya .pas Un vac~yacI p / e r`a im;te _
Î _É _Ë ix9k ix9`at jIvn ka ExLya .cI grj :
mula .na jIvn ka ExLya .c e ix9` d e}n s9m kr~yasa#I ix9ksud \2a s9m As`e grj ec e
Aah e _ ix9ka .na jIvnka ExLy e p / aPt zalI tr v EyiKtk jIvn tsec A@yapnat Tya .c e ]pya ejn t e
krtIl _ Tyam u; e sevap Uv R p / ix9`aCya AWyas¢mat jIvnka ExLya .ca smav ex Vhayla hva _ Tyam u;e
Svt .5 ivcar kr`e, Svt:ca Str ] .cav` e v iv´a$ya R . Cya grja .na ya e Gy p / itsad d e` e ix9ka .na xKy
ha e{l _ ra*¨Iy AWyas¢m AaraqDa ÊÈÈ5 m@y e jIvn ka ExLy e ivkist kr~yacI grj VyKt kelI
Aah e _ ya AaraqDyat ix9ka .Cya p Uv RtyarIbabt kahI Ap e9a VyKt keLya Aah et _ Üra*¨Iy AWyas¢m
AaraqDa, ÊÈÈ5, p <*# ¢ _ ÉËÈÝ Tya p u!Ilp /ma` e :
prSpr shkaya Rsa#I AapLya g3ap e9a v egv eg;ya g3a . iv8yI ix9kala Aaplep`a, Aadr va3la
paihj e _ Mh`jec Tyan e la ekxahIin*# m ULya .ca Aadr kela paihj e _
smajap /tI AslelI jbabdarI zel~yasa#I v jg ca .gLya irtIn e smjUn 6 e~yasa#I
ix9kaCya A.gI sus .vad sa2~yacI kla, Sp*3p`a, ibnc Ukp`a, tkRx ud \2ta v ]Cc p /tIc e
ka ExLy Asavyas paihj e _
ix9kaca wavink ivkas inka ep AsUn TyacI v <TtI Aan .dI AslI paihj e _
ix9kan e m ula .na Svt .5 ivcar kravyas ixkivle paihj e _
ix9kala m ula .ca Aadr im;iv~yasa#I Tyac e VyiKtmTTv AaLhaddayk Asav e _ kaya Rca
]Tsah Aai` iv´a$ya R .bd \dl in*#a AsavI _
ix9ka .p /tI As`a-ya ya Ap e9a .sa#I Tya .na Vyavsaiyk )an Aai` ka ExLya .bra ebrc jIvn
ka ExLya .c e ix9` d e` e grj ec e Aah e _
xasn in`Ry ¢ma .k : pIAar{ãÊÈÉÈãÜÉËÎãÉÈÝ p / aix-5 klm ÊÑÜÉÝ v ÜÊÝ n usar [yTta
pihlI t e Aa#vIsa#I satTyp U` R sv R .k8 m ULymapn kay Rpd \2tI iviht kr~yat y et Aah e _ TyatIl
Aakairk m ULymapn jIvn ka ExLya .ca d <i*3ka enat Un krav e Ase ix9k mag Rdix Rk et nm Ud kel el e Aah e _
156
yav=n ix9k ix9`at jIvn ka ExLya .c e ix9` pd \2txIrp`e AWyas¢mat Un dyavyas hv e _
s@yaCya DI _3I _0D \ _, bI _0D \ _ 0m _0D \ _ AWyas¢mat jIvn ka ExLy e ivkasaCya d <i*3ka enat Un wavI
ix9ka .cI ix9k ix9`at Un p Uv RtyarI k=n 6 e~yac e ya ejna kelI _
Î _É _Ì p /St ut s.xa e2nacI grj :
s.b . i2t s.xa e2na .ca Aa!ava 6 etana Ase Aa!;le kI, Da W _xItl h eilya ÜÊÈÉÉÝ ya .nI iv´a4I R
ix9ka .sa#I jIvn ka ExLy kay R¢m tyar k=n TyacI pir`amkarkta AWyaslI, pr .t u ha s.xa e2n
p /kLp Aah e _ wavI ix9ka .sa#I jIvn ka ExLy e ix9` Asa ivxe8 kay R¢m pI0c _DI \ _ StravrIl
s.xa e2nasa#I ka e# ehI ]plB2 nahI _ pr .t u 0qad e ka ExLy ivkist kr~yasa#I 0kU` ÊË s.xa e2n e
zalelI Aa!;lI _ Axa sv R s.xa e2nat Un idsUn Aale kI ka ExLya .babt ivxe8 ix9` kay R¢m tyar
k=n kay RvahI keLyavr Tya ka ExLya .c e s.padn Aai` ix9` Vyvharat 2naTmk frk Aa!;Un Aala _
Tyam u; e jIvn ka ExLya .babt ivxe8 ix9` kay R¢m inma R` k=n TyacI kay RvahI keLyavr s.xa e2n
kr~yacI AavXykta ja`vlI _ Tyam u;e Axa ivxe8 ix9` kay R¢mac e ivksn kr`e, Tya kirta ya e Gy
mapn sa2n e tyar k=n TyacI pd \2txIr kay RvahI kr`e v kay R¢macI pir`amkarkta tpas`e Hya
h et Un e p /St ut s.xa e2nacI ya ejna kelI _
Î _É _5 s.xa e2nace xI8 Rk :
"wavI ix9ka .sa#I 'jIvn ka ExLy e ix9`' kay R¢mac e ivksn" _
Î _É _Î s.xa e2nacI ]id \d*3 e :
É _ ma@yimk StravrIl wavI ix9ka .sa#I 'jIvn ka ExLy e ix9`' kay R¢mac e ivksn kr`e _
Ê _ 'jIvn ka ExLy e ix9`' kay R¢macI pir`amkarkta AWyas`e _
157
Î _É _Ï s.)a .Cya kaya RTmk VyaQya :
É _ wavI ix9k :
ix9` ivxard AWyas¢mala p /v ex 6 etlel e iv´a4I R _ ya s.xa e2nat 0s _0n _DI _3I _ ka Wlej
Aa Wf 0Jy uk exn fa Wr v um en, p u` e y e4 e ix9` ivxard AWyas¢masa#I p /v ex 6 etleLya ÊÈÈÑ-ÊÈÉÈ ya
xE9i`k v8a RtIl sv R ÏÑ iv´ai4 RnI _
Ê _ jIvn ka ExLy e :
jagitk Aara e Gy s.63n en e (WHO) idlelI jIvn ka ExLya .cI VyaQya y e4 e SvIkarlelI Aah e _
"jIvn ka ExLy e Mh`je d En . idn jIvnatIl AaVhan e Aai` Ap e9a ya .na p /wavI rItIn e hata;~yasa#I
VyKtIm@y e smaya ejnaTmk v skaraTmk vtRnaca ivkas 6Div`a-ya 9mta ha ey" _ yam@y e WHO n e
idleLya jIvn ka ExLya .ca smav ex Asel _
wavI ix9ka .m2Il jIvn ka ExLya .cI p / aPtI Mh`je s.xa e2kan e tyar kel eLya ya sv R jIvn
ka ExLyiv8yk cac~ya .vrIl 0ki5t p /aPta .k ha ey _
WHO n e idl eLya yadItIl p /Ty ek ka ExLyacI VyaQya p u! e idl elI Aah e _
Sv-ja`Iv : Svt:Cya wavna Aa e;qta y e` e, Svt:Cya 9mta Aa e;q`e, kmtrta Aa e;q`e,
Svt:c e m ULymapn kr~yac e ka ExLy Mh`je Sv-ja`Iv ha ey _ s.xa e2kan e Sv-ja`Iv iv8yk
tyar kel eLya cac`IvrIl p /aPta .k ya Sv=pat Sv-ja`Iv ec e mapn kel e _
tdn uw UtI : d us-ya VyKtICya w Uimket ja}n d us-ya .Cya wavna, ADc`I smjav Un 6 e~yacI
9mta s.xa e2kan e 'tdn Uw UtI' iv8yk tyar kel eLya cac`IvrIl p /aPta .k ya Sv=pat
td \n uw UtIc e mapn kel e _
smSya inrakr` : "VyKtIla 0qadI ADc`, smSya ik.va p /Xna4 Rk piriS4tIcI ja`Iv
ha e` e, Tyav e;I smSya sa eDiv~yasa#I iviv2 pya Rya .ca ivcar k=n TyatIl ya e Gy pya Ryaca
vapr k=n, @y ey sma er # ev Un skaraTmk maga Rn e smSya sa eDiv~yace ka ExLy Mh`je smSya
inrakr` ha ey" _ s.xa e2kan e 'smSya inrakr`' iv8yk tyar kel eLya cac`IvrIl p /aPta .k
ya Sv=pat smSya inrakr` ka ExLyac e mapn kel e _
158
in` Ry9mta : da en ik.va Ai2k pya Rya .m2 Un ink8a .Cya Aa2ar e ivv ekan e invDlela 0k ya e Gy
pya Ry Mh`je in`Ry _ s.xa e2kan e 'in`Ry9mta' iv8yk tyar kel eLya cac`IvrIl p /aPta .k ya
Sv=pat in`Ry9mtec e mapn kel e _
p /wavI s .p / e8` : "p /wavI s.p / e8` Mh`je d us-ya VyKtIla p U` Rp` e Aakln ha e{l Axa pd \2tIn e
maihtI ik.va kLpna, iliqt, ma E iqk ik.va d <Xy ma@ymat Un d us-ya VyKtIpy R .t pa eha eciv` e
Aai` d us-ya VyKtIcI maihtI kLpna, ]Ttm rItIn e smjav Un 6 e~yacI 9mta Mh`je p /wavI
s.p / e8` ka ExLy ha ey" _ s.xa e2kan e 'p /wavI s.p / e8` ka ExLy' iv8yk tyar kel eLya cac`IvrIl
p /aPta .k ya Sv=pat p /wavI s.p / e8` ka ExLyac e mapn kel e Aah e _
Aa .trVyiKtk s.b .2 : "Aa .trVyiKtk s.b .2 Mh`je d En . idn jIvnat s.pka Rt y e`a-ya
VyKtI .bra ebr Aslel e s.b .2 smjUn 6 e` e, i3kiv`e Aai` va!iv~yas mdt kr`arI 9mta ik.va
ka ExLy ha ey" _ s.xa e2kan e 'Aa .trVyiKtk s.b .2' iv8yk tyar kel eLya cac`IvrIl p /aPta .k
ya Sv=pat Aa .trVyiKtk s.b .2ac e mapn kel e _
sjRnxIl ivcar : "sjRnxIl ivcar Mh`je irKt 63ka .cI p UtI R kr`e, 5asdayk A4va
A2avaTmk 63na .cI ja`Iv ha e` e v Tyas.b . i2t kLpna A4va pirkLpna inma R` kr`e ha ey _
Tyac bra ebr ya kLpna A4va pirkLpna pDta;Un pah Un Tya .c e in*k8 R AavXyk te ferbdl
k=n s.p / e i8t kr`e ha ey" _ s.xa e2kan e 'sjRnxIl ivcar' iv8yk tyar kel eLya cac`IvrIl
p /aPta .k ya Sv=pat sjRnxIl ivcara .c e mapn kel e _
sarasar ivcar : "sarasar ivcar Mh`je VyKtIla p / aPt maihtIc e n E itk, xaS5Iy Aai`
taikRk ivXle8` k=n vSt uin*#p`e prI9` k=n sTyasTyta pDta;Un tI maihtI
SvIkar~yac e ka ExLy ha ey" _ s.xa e2kan e 'sarasar ivcar' iv8yk tyar kel eLya cac`IvrIl
p /aPta .k ya Sv=pat sarasar ivcara .c e mapn kel e _
wavink smaya ejn : "Svt:Cya wavna Aa e;qUn Tyac bra ebr [tra .Cya wavna Aa e;qUn
smjav Un 6 e~yas mdt kr`arI tsec [tra .Cya wavna .ca vt R` ukIvr ha e`ara pir`am
Aa e;q~yas mdt kr`arI 9mta Mh`je wavink smaya ejn ha ey" _ s.xa e2kan e 'wavink
smaya ejn' iv8yk tyar kel eLya cac`IvrIl p /aPta .k ya Sv=pat wavink smaya ejnac e
mapn kel e _
ta`t`avac e VyvS4apn : "manisk t`ava .m u; e inma R` ha e`a-ya Aajara .na skaraTmk p /itb .2
kr~yacI 9mta ik.va ka ExLy Mh`je ta`t`ava .c e VyvS4apn ka ExLy ha ey" _ s.xa e2kan e
159
'ta`t`ava .c e VyvS4apn' iv8yk tyar kel eLya cac`IvrIl p /aPta .k ya Sv=pat
ta`t`ava .Cya VyvS4apna .c e mapn kel e _
Ë _ jIvn ka ExLy e ix9` kay R¢m :
wavI ix9ka .m@y e jIvn ka ExLya .ca ivkas kr~yasa#I s.xa e2kan e tyar kel ela ivxe8
kay R¢m _
ha kay R¢m sumar e ÏÈ tasa .ca AsUn yat sEd \2a . itk wagasa#I ËÈ tas ha et e _ ¡tI pi5ka
v 7apIl Svy .A@yyn saihTyad \vara p /Ty ek ka ExLyaca sEd \2a . itk wag p U` R kela _ p / aTyi9k kaya Rsa#I
ÌÈ tas idle _ wavI ix9ka .na iv´a$ya R .xI A@yapnadrMyan v xaley pirsrat kravyaCya
Aa .tri¢ya .m@y e hI ka ExLy e kxI vapravIt yaca Aiw=pt et Un srav ha eta e _ ka ExLyaCya Sv=pan usar
vga Rt w Uimka paln, Aiw=pta Aai` qe;, g3cca R, smUh Aa .tri¢ya, b uid \2m .4n, An uwvk4n, Sv-
sadrIkr`, SWOT Analysis, samaijk s.S4a .na w e3I, ya .ca smav ex kela _
Ì _ pir`amkarkta :
s.xa e2k inim Rt wavI ix9ka .Cya jIvn ka ExLy iv8yk p Uv R cac`I v ]Ttr cac`ItIl
0ki5t p /aPta .ka .Cya m@ymanat pDlela 2naTmk frk _
Î _É _8 s.xa e2n pirkLpna :
'jIvn ka ExLy e ix9` kay R¢m' kay RvahIm u; e wavI ix9ka .Cya jIvn ka ExLy iv8yk
p Uv Rcac`IvrIl Aai` ]Ttrcac`IvrIl p /aPta .ka .Cya m@ymanat sa4 R frk pD el _
Î _É _Ñ p /St ut s.xa e2nac e mhTTv :
p /St ut s.xa e2nat wavI ix9ka .sa#I WHO n e sUict kel eLya ÉÈ jIvn ka ExLya .c e ix9`
d e~yasa#I jIvn ka ExLy ix9` kay R¢m tyar kela _ ya kay R¢mat ix9ka .na ix9`Vyvharat kraVya
lag`a-ya w Uimkas.b . i2t vaStvaxI s.b . i2t pr .t u kaLpink p /s .g, ¡tI .ca smav ex kela _ sEd \2a . itk
kay R ËÈ tas tr p / aTyi9k kay R ÌÈ tas AxI 0kU` ÏÈ tasa .t kay R¢macI kay RvahI kelI _ yat
iviv2 t.5 e, pd \2tI, Svy .A@yyn saihTy, ¡itpi5ka ya .ca vapr kela _ jIvn ka ExLy kay R¢m
yxSvI zala kI nahI h e pDta;~yasa#I ivxe8 mapn sa2n e tyar kelI _ jIvn ka ExLy mapn cac`I
Aai` kay R¢m p /Tyawr` p /XnavlICya sahaYyan e kay R¢macI pir`amkarkta pDta;lI _ AaleLya
160
filta .v=n jIvn ka ExLy e ix9` kay R¢m yxSvI zala _ wavI ix9ka .na ]py uKt #rla Ase cac`I
Aai` p /Tyawr` p /XnavlItIl na e .dIv=n Aa!;Un Aale _
wavI ix9ka .sa#I jIvn ka ExLy e kay R¢m ]py uKt #rla tsec p /St ut s.xa e2n h e ix9k,
s.xa e2k Aai` [tr Vyavsaiyk ya .na ]py uKt #r`ar Aah e _
É _ ix9k :
mra#I ma@ymatIl p /a4imk, ma@yimk, ]Cc ma@yimk, mhaivyalyIn, ix9`xaS5
mhaiv´aly yatIl pdvI, pdivka, pdVy uTtr ix9ka .na ]py uKt #r`ar Aah e _ p /St ut s.xa e2n h e
mra#I ma@ymatIl ix9ka .sa#I kr~yat Aale Asle trI [tr ma@ymatIl ix9ka .nahI mag Rdx Rk
#r`ar Aah e _ m e .d UAa2airt ix9`, )anrcnavad, bh uiv2 b uid \2mTta, xElI, wavink b uid \2mTta,
samaijk b uid \2mTta, jIvn ka ExLy ix9`, satTyp U` R sv R .k8 m ULymapn ya sva R .ca ivcar krtana
ix9ka .kD Un kahI Ap e9a VyKt keLya jatat _ Axa v e;I ix9k s.w /mat pDtat _ ya Ap e9a n emKya
AapLyakDUn kxa p U` R ha etIl? A@yyn A@yapnat AapLya vt Rnat ka e`t e bdl krav et? jIvn ka ExLy
ivksn Mh`je n emke kay krayc e? Ase p /Xn ix9ka .na pDtat _ ya sv R p /Xna .cI ]Ttr e jIvn ka ExLy
ix9` kay R¢mat iviv2 sa2n e, t .5 e, pd \2tI .c e ]pya ejn k=n pd \2txIrp`e d e~yaca p /yTn kela
Aah e _ ya s.xa e2naca ]pya eg mag Rdx Rk Mh`Un ix9ka .sa#I As`a-ya seva .tg Rt p / ix9` vga Rsa#IhI
]py uKt #r`ar Aah e _ Svy .A@yyn saihTyatIl kahI p /s .g, ¡tI, ¡itpi5ka pa#3ac` Hya p / ix9`
vga Rsa#I, ]d \ba e2n vga Rsa#I ]py uKt #rtIl _ ix9ka .p /ma` ec s.xa e2ka .nahI p /St ut s.xa e2n ]py uKt
#r el _
Ê _ s .xa e2k :
p /St ut s.xa e2n AWyas ha mra#I ma@ymaCya iv´a4I R ix9ka .sa#I kela _ ya Aa2ar e [tr
ma@ymaCya ix9ka .sa#I, ANy wa8a .m@y e, [tr [yTta .sa#I Aai` xE9i`k Stra .sa#I jIvn ka ExLy e
ix9` kay R¢m ivkist kr`e Aai` TyacI pir`amkarkta AWyas`e yasa#I ]py uKt #r el _
Ë _ [tr Vyavsaiyk :
p /St ut s.xa e2nat ix9` Vyvharat ix9ka .na kraVya lag`a-ya iviv2 wUimka .ca ivcar k=n
A@yyn An uw UtI de~yasa#I ]py uKt ]py uKt Axa ¡tI . smaiv*3 keLya _ Tyacp /ma` e [tr Vyavsaiyka .na
Tya .Cya VyvsayaxI s.b . i2t iviv2 wUimka .sa#I ]py uKt p / ix9` kay R¢m bnivta y e{l _
161
Î _É _ÉÈ VyaPtI Aai` mya Rda :
É _ p /St ut s.xa e2nat jagitk Aara e Gy s.63n en e sUict kel eLya ÉÈ jIvn ka ExLya .vr Aa2airt
s.xa e2kan e tyar kel eLya ix9` kay R¢maca smav ex ha eta _
Ê _ ÏÈ tasa .ca 'jIvn ka ExLy e ix9`' kay R¢m tyar kela _ Tyat ÌÈ tas p /aTyi9ka .sa#I
ha et e _ s Ed \2a . itk wag 7apIl Svy .A@yyn saihTy v ¡itpi5ka .Cya sahaYyan e ixkvla _
kay R¢mat ix9ka .na ix9` Vyvharas .dwa Rt kraVya lag`a-ya w Uimka .babt A@yyn Anuw UtI
d e`a-ya ¡tI .ca smav ex kela _
Ë _ ya p / aya e igk AWyasat p /as . igk nm una invD pd \2tIn e &I _na _da _#a _mihla ix9`xaS5
mhaiv´alyatIl ÏÑ iv´ai4 RnI ixi9ka .ca smav ex kela _
Ì _ nm uNyat kev ; iv´ai4 RnI .ca smav ex ha eta _
5 _ jIvn ka ExLy mapnasa#I vaprlelI maihtI s.kln sa2n e p /mai`t nsUn s.xa e2kinim Rt v
Ap /mai`t ha etI _
Î _ smSyainrakr` ka ExLy mapnasa#I Da W _ic5a sa ehnI inimRt smSyainrakr` ya Ap /mai`t
ksa e3Ica vapr kela _
p / as . igk nm una invD, nm uNyat kev; iv´ai4 RnI .ca smav ex, 0klg3 p Uva e R Ttr cac`I
AiwkLp, Ap /mai`t mapn sa2n e, ALp kalav2Ica kay R¢m yam u; e p /St ut s.xa e2natIl in*k8a R . Cya
Vyapk samaNyIkr`avr mya Rda y etIl _
Î _Ê s.b .i2t s.xa e2na .ca Aa!ava :
Î _Ê _É p Uv R s.xa e2na .ca Aa!ava :
p Uv R s .xa e2na .ca Aa!ava 6 etana ÉÈ jIvn ka ExLya .vr Aa2airt pI0c _DI _ Stravr 0khI
s.xa e2n zalel e Aa!;le nahI _ 0k ik.va da en ka ExLya .vr 0kU` ÊË s.xa e2n e zalel e Aa!;lI _
ÜSvja`Iv ka ExLyababt É, s.p / e8` ka ExLy Ë, smSyainrakr` Aai` sjRnxIl ivcar É, sjRnxIl
ivcar ÉÏ, in`Ry9mta É Üsv e R9`Ý s.xa e2n e zalel e Aa!;leÝ _ Da W _xIlt h eilya ya .nI ÉÈ jIvn
ka ExLya .vr Aa2airt Aai` iv´a4I R ix9ka .sa#I jIvn ka ExLy ix9` kay R¢macI inim RtI Aai`
kay RvahI kelI _ h e pI0c _DI _ Stravrc e s.xa e2n nsUn s.xa e2n p /kLp Aah e _ AWyasleLya
s.xa e2nap EkI invDk s.xa e2na .ca s.i9Pt sara .x p u!Il sar`I ¢ma .k Î _É m@y e idla Aah e _
162
sar`I ¢ _ Î _É : p Uv R s .xa e2na .ca Aa!ava
A _
¢ _
s .xa e2kac e nav v8 R
Aai` iv´apI#
xI8 Rk nm una g3 in*k8 R
É h e ilya, xItl
ÜÊÈÉÉÝ mharaja
syajIrav iv´apI#,
bDa eda _
"iv´a4I R
ix9ka .sa#I jIvn
ka ExLy e kay R¢mac e
ivksn Aai`
kay RvahI" _
bI _0D _c e
vai`Jy A@yapn
pd \2tIc e ÊÉ
iv´a4I R _
jIvn ka ExLy kay R¢mam u; e iv´a4I R
ix9ka .Cya td \n uw UtI Aa .trVyiKtk
s.b .2, s.p / e8` ka ExLy, Svja`Iv
Aai` ivcar ka ExLy e ya .Cya
ivkasat 2naTmk va! zalI _
Ê jD e, Acla
ÜÊÈÈÑÝ, 0s _0n _
DI _3I _ iv´apI#,
m u .b{ _ ÜpI0c _D \ I _
p /b .2Ý
"[yTta 8 vI Cya
iv´a$ya R .cI
Svja`Iv ivkist
kr~yasa#I ivxe8
p / ix9` kay R¢macI
inim RtI Aai`
TyaCya
pir`amkarkteca
AWyas" _
[yTta 8 vI ÎÈ
iv´a4I R Üp / as . igk
nm unaÝ
É _ Svja`Iv p / ix9` kay R¢mam u; e
[yTta 8 vI Cya iv´a$ya R .c e
Svja`Iv ka ExLy ivkasat
2naTmk va! zalI _
Ê _ xarIirk Svja`Iv, wavink
Svja`Iv, AaTmivXvas Aai` AcUk
AaTmprI9` yat Svja`Iv ivxe8
p / ix9`am u; e 2naTmk va! zalI _
Ë m Wkfrl>D,
0mKleAr ÜÉÑ88Ý,
idLlI iv´apI# _
ÜpI0c _D \ I _ p /b .2Ý
"ma@yimk xa;etIl
ix9ka .sa#I
vg Rs .p / e8` kay R¢m
ivksn Aai`
TyaCya
pir`amkarkteca
AWyas"
idLlItIl [.g /jI
ma@ymaCya ÉÈ
xa;etIl ÊÎ
ma@yimk ix9k
Aai` Tyac
xa;a .tIl 8ÎÏ
iv´a4I R _
É _vg Rs .p / e8` kay R¢mam u; e ma@yimk
ix9ka .Cya ixkv~yat la ekxahI
pd \2t, s.p / e8` ka ExLy Aai`
Svja`Iv yat 2naTmk bdl ã va!
idsUn AalI _
Ê _vg Rs .p / e8` kay R¢mamu; e p / aya eigk
g3atIl iv´a$ya R . Cya Svja`Iv,
Svs.kLpna, SvAadxR, [tra .ca
AadxR yababt ja`Iv ivkist
zalI _
163
Ë _ix9k Aai` iv´a4I R da eNhI .CyahI
shs.v edna skaraTmk ivcar Aai`
skaraTmk v <TtI yat va! zalI
Ì tapkIr, dTta5 ey
ÜÊÈÈÏÝ, 0s _0n _
DI _3I _ iv´apI#,
m u .b{ _ Üs .xa e2n
p /kLpÝ
"bI _0D \ _ Cya
7a5a@yapka .vr
[ .g /jI s.wa8`
ka ExLyaCya s.p / e8`
ka ExLyavr Aai`
xaley [ .g /jI srav
pa#a .vr ha e`a-ya
pir`ama .ca AWyas"
[.g /jI A@yapn
pd \2tI
invDleLya ÉÏ
iv´ai4 RnI
É _ [ .g /jI s.wa8` ka ExLy p /ix9`
kay R¢mam u; e s.wa8` ka ExLyat
l9`Iy frk idsUn Aala _
Ê _ iv´ai4 RnI .Cya [ .g /jI srav
pa#atIl s.padnat l9`Iy
su2ar`a idsUn AaLya _
5 sa ehnI, ic5a
ÜÉÑÑÊÝ, 0s _0n _
DI _3I _ iv´apI#,
m u .b{ _ ÜpI0c _D \ I _
p /b .2Ý
"bI _0D \ _ ka Wlej,
p u` e y e4Il iv´a4I R
ix9ka .kirta
smSya inrakr`
ka ExLy ivkist
kr~yasa#I ivxe8
p / ix9` kay R¢m
inim RtI v Tyaca
icikTsk p/aya e igk
AWyas"
bI _0D \ _
mhaiv´alyatIl
ÉÉÎ iv´a4I R
ix9k _
É _ ivx e8 p / ix9` kay R¢mam u; e
iny . i5t g3atIl iv´a4I R
ix9ka .p e9a p / aya e igk g3atIl
iv´a4I R ix9ka .c e smSya inrakr`
ka ExLy ivkist zale _
Ê _ p / aya e igk g3atIl iv´a4I R
ix9ka .m@y e bh u idx ivcar
p /wavIp` e ivkist zala _
Î nayr, pI _0n _jI _
ÜÉÑÏ8Ý ker;
iv´apI# _ ÜpI0c _
D \ I _ p /b .2Ý
"iv)anatIl
]CcStrIy ]id \d*3 e
sa@y kr~yasa#I
sjRnxIl A@yapn
pd \2tIca pir`am
AWyas`e" _
iv)an A@yapn
invDlel e bI _
0D \ _c e iv´a4I R
ix9k _
par .pirk pd \2tItIl xaiBdk
Sp*3Ikr` Aai` idGdxRn yap e9a
sjRnxIl A@yapn pd \2tI Ai2k
p /wavI #rLyac e idsUn Aale _
164
Î _Ê _Ê [tr s.xa e2na .Cya tuln et p /St ut s.xa e2nac e v eg;ep` Aai` ya egdan :
É _ jIvn ka ExLy ivksnababt 0kU` ÊË s.xa e2n e zalelI Aa!;lI _ Tyat h eilya ya .Cya
p /kLpaca Apvad vg;ta 0k ik.va da en ka ExLy ivksnaca AWyas zalela Aa!;la _ sva Rt
jaSt s.xa e2n AWyas sjRnxIl ivcar ka ExLya .babtce zalel e Aa!;le _ p /St ut s.xa e2nat
WHO Cya yadItIl sv R ÉÈ jIvn ka ExLyavr Aa2airt s.xa e2n AWyas kela Aah e _
Ê _ bh us .Qy s.xa e2n AWyasat xaley Stravr Aai` xaley iv8ya .tIl 63ka .vr Aa2airt
Aaxyat Un 0k ik.va da en jIvn ka ExLy ivksn p /yTn kel ela Aah e _ p /St ut s.xa e2nat bI _
0D \ _ iv´ai4 RnI .sa#I ÉÈ jIvn ka ExLy ivksn kr~yaca p /yTn kela Aah e _
Ë _ s .xa e2kan e ÉÈ jIvn ka ExLya .Cya ivksnasa#I Svy . A@yyn saihTyacI inimRtI kelI Aah e _
Ì _ s .xa e2kan e jIvn ka ExLy mapnasa#I vSt uin*# v inb .2vja p /Xna .ca smav ex As`arI sa2n e
tyar kelI Aah et _
5 _ kahI s.xa e2nat xaley tsec mhaiv´alyIn AWyas¢matIl Aaxy63ka .vr Aa2airt p / ix9`
kay R¢m tyar k=n s.xa e2n AWyas kela Aah e _ p /St ut s.xa e2natIl ix9` kay R¢m ha
AWyas¢mabah erca Aah e _ ix9` VyvharadrMyan ix9ka .na kraVya lag`a-ya w Uimka .cI
p Uv RtyarI Aai` Aiw=p ]pya ejn yat Un k=n 6 etle _
Î _ p /St ut s.xa e2nat v egv eg;ya pd \2tI, t .5 e, ¡tI .ca vapr kela _ ]da _w U imka paln, ic5p3,
cca R, [ _
Î _Ë s.xa e2n pd\2tI :
Î _Ë _É s.xa e2n AiwkLp :
s.xa e2naCya ]id \d*3ª .na An u=p Axa p / aya eigk pd \2tItIl p Uv Rcac`I ]Ttrcac`I 0klg3
AiwkLp p /St ut s.xa e2nat vaprla _ ta e p u! e Aa¡tI ¢ma .k Î _É m@y e dxRivla Aah e _
165
0klg3 pUva e RTtr prI9` AiwkLp :
O1 X O2
p Uv Rcac`I ]pcar ]Ttrcac`I
s.xa e2kan e tyar kel elI
jIvnka ExLy e mapn cac`I
s.xa e2kan e tyar kel ela jIvn
ka ExLy e ix9` kay R¢m
s.xa e2kan e tyar kel elI
jIvn ka ExLy mapn cac`I
Aa¡tI ¢ma .k Î _É : p /St ut s .xa e2natIl AiwkLp
Î _Ë _Ê p /St ut s.xa e2natIl cle :
É _ Svt .5 cl (Independent Variable) :
ma@yimk StravrIl wavI ix9ka .kirta s.xa e2kan e tyar kel ela 'jIvn ka ExLy ix9`
kay R¢m' h e Svt .5 cl ha et e _
Ê _ prt .5 cl (Dependent Variable) :
wavI ix9ka .ca jIvn ka ExLy mapn cac~ya .vrIl 0ki5t p / aPta .k _
Ë _ iny .i5t cl (Controlled Variable) :
s.xa e2kan e tyar kel elI jIvnka ExLy e mapn p Uv Rcac`I Aai` A.xt: sma .tr ]Ttrcac`Ic e
p /xasn h e iny . i5t cl ha ey _
Î _Ë _Ë nmuna :
p /St ut s.xa e2nat p / as . igk nm una invD pd \2tIn e &I _na _da _#a _mihla ix9`xaS5
mhaiv´alyacI invD kelI _ bI _0D \ _ la p /v ex 6 etleLya ÊÈÈÑ-ÊÈÉÈ ya xE9i`k v8a RtIl 0kU` 8È
iv´ai4 RnI .ca smav ex kela Aah e _ 0k iv´ai4 RnI v EyiKtk kar`am u; e mhaiv´aly sa eD Un g elI, Tyam u;e
nm uNyat ÏÑ iv´ai4 RnI .ca smav ex kela _
166
Î _Ë _Ì maihtI s.kln sa2ne :
WHO Cya jIvn ka ExLy yadItIl ÉÈ jIvn ka ExLyavr Aa2airt mapn sa2n tyar kele _
hI Ap /mai`t sa2n e ha etI _ ya ÉÈ jIvn ka ExLyac e sha s.cat ivwajn kel e _ t e p u!Ilp /ma` e-
É _ Svja`Iv
Ê _ p /wavI s.p / e8` ka ExLy
Ë _ smSya inrakr` Aai` sjRnxIl ivcar ka ExLy
Ì _ in` Ry9mta Aai` sarasar ivcar ka ExLy
5 _ tdn uw UtI Aai` Aa .trVyiKtk ka ExLy
Î _ ta`t`av Aai` wavna .c e smaya ejn
Da W _ic5a sa ehnI inim Rt smSyainrakr` ksa e3Ica ]pya eg smSya inrakr` ka ExLy
mapnasa#I kela _ ÜDa W _ic5a sa ehnI ya .nI 0s _0n _DI _3I _iv´apI#, m u .b{ y e4 e sadr kel ela
pI0c _DI _ Ap /kaixt p /b .2Ý _
nmuNyat smaiv*3 iv´ai4 RnIce kay R¢mavrIl p /Tyawr` 6e~yasa#I A@yapn kay R¢m p /Tyawr`
p /XnavlI vaprlI _
Î _Ë _5 maihtI ivXle8`acI sa2n e :
É _ ‘t’ prIi9ka :
maihtI s.QyaTmk ivXle8` iv´ai4 RnI .Cya jIvn ka ExLy mapn cac`ItIl p Uv Rcac`I Aai`
]Ttrcac`ItIl p /aPta .ka .Cya m@ymanatIl frkacI pDta;`I kr~yasa#I ‘t’ prIi9keca
vapr kela _
Ê _ g u`aTmk ivXl e8` :
A@yapn kay R¢m, sjRnxIl ivcar ka ExLy mapn cac`I Aai` p /Tyawr` p /XnavlItIl m uKt
p /itsada .c e g u`aTmk ivXle8` kel e _
167
Î _Ì A@yapn kay R¢mac e ivksn Aai` kayRvahI :
Î _Ì _É kayR¢mace ivksn :
WHO n e s.paidt kel eLya ÉÈ jIvn ka ExLya .vr Aa2airt ÏÈ tasa .ca kay R¢m tyar kela _
Tyat ix9ka .na ix9` VyvharadrMyan kraVya lag`a-ya iviv2 wUimka .c e p / ix9` im;av e
Mh`Un s.kLpnaTmk Aai` ]pya ejnaTmk Axa kahI ¡tI .cI, A@yyn An uw UtI .cI ya ejna
kelI _
yat b uid \2mTta, Seam, PMI, Pair and Share sadrIkr`, wUimkapaln, [ _ t .5aca
vapr kela _
A@yapn kay R¢m, ivksnat ¡ity uKtta, ivcarp /v Rkta, shkaya R Tmk A@yyn, Svy .A@yynas
vav, [ _ tTva .na An us=n ¡itpi5ka, Svy .A@yyn saihTy, Sva@yay, pa# 3ac`e tyar k=n
]pya ejn kel e _
Î _Ì _Ê p /ya eg v kay RvahI :
A@yapn kay R¢m tyar zaLyavr Tyac e prI9` Ï tJ)a .nI kel e _ tJ)a .Cya sUcn en usar AavXyk
bdl kel e _ p4dxI R AWyas 2ayr eXvr ix9`xaS5 mhaiv´aly, p u` e Aai` &I _na _da _#a _mihla
ix9`xaS5 mhaiv´aly, p u` e y e4Il iv´a4I R ix9ka .vr kela _ TyatIl filta .v=n A@yapn kay R¢mala
A.itm Sv=p idle _
Î _Ì _Ë p /ya eg kay RvahIc e v e;ap5k :
A _¢ _ p / aya e igk AWyas kay RvahIce 3Pp e kalav2I
É jIvn ka ExLy A@yapn kay R¢m inim RtI Î Aa WgS3 ÊÈÈ8 te ËÉ iDse .br ÊÈÈ8
Ê jIvn ka ExLy mapn cac`I, p /Tyawr` p /XnavlI inim RtI É jan evarI ÊÈÈÑ t e ÊÈ feb / uvarI ÊÈÈÑ
Ë jIvn ka ExLy mapn cac`I, p /Tyawr` p /XnavlI inim RtI ÊÉ feb / uvarI ÊÈÈÑ t e ÉÈ mac R ÊÈÈÑ
Ì p Uv Rcac`Ic e p /xasn É Aa WgS3 ÊÈÈÑ t e É sP3 e .br ÊÈÈÑ
5 A@yapn kay RvahI ÊÊ Aa WK3a ebr ÊÈÈÑ t e ÉÈ feb / uvarI ÊÈÉÈ
Î ]Ttrcac`I Aai` p /XnavlI p /xasn ÉÈ feb / uvarI ÊÈÉÈ t e ÊÊ feb / uvarI ÊÈÉÈ
168
Î _5 maihtI ivXle8` v A4Rinv Rcn :
Î _5 _É maihtI sadrIkr` :
jIvn ka ExLy kay R¢macI pir`amkarkta pDta;`e h e 0k p /St ut s.xa e2nac e ]id \d*3 ha et e _
pir`amkarkta pDta;~yasa#I A@yapn kay R¢map UvI R jIvn ka ExLy e mapn p Uv Rcac`I Aai` A@yapn
kay R¢man .tr sma .tr ]Ttrcac`I idlI g elI _ iv´ai4 RnI .Cya jIvn ka ExLy mapn p Uv Rcac`I Aai`
]Ttrcac`ItIl p /aPta .ka .c e m@yman Aai` p /ma`ivcln sar`I ¢ma .k Î _Ê m@y e idlel e Aah et _
sar`I ¢ma .k Î _Ê : iv´ai4 RnI .c e jIvn ka ExLy e mapn p Uv Rcac`I Aai` ]Ttrcac`ItIl p /aPta .ka .c e
m@yman Aai` p /ma`ivcln
cac`I iv´a4I R s.Qya
(N)
m@yman
(M)
p /ma` ivcln
(SD)
p Uv R cac`I 79 308.34 22.93
]Ttr cac`I 79 386.80 19.58
A4 Rinv Rcn :
sar`I ¢ma .k Î _Ê v=n jIvn ka ExLy e mapn cac`I p Uv Rcac`I Aai` ]Ttrcac`IvrIl
p /aPta .ka .Cya m@ymanac e inrI9` kel e Asta ]Ttrcac`ItIl p /aPta .ka .c e m@yman jaSt Aa!;le _
]Ttrcac`ItIl p /aPta .ka .c e m@ymanat p Uv Rcac`ItIl p /aPta .ka .Cya m@ymanap e9a Ï8 _ÌÎ ne va! zalI _
m@ymanatIl frkacI s.QyaxaS5Iy sa4 Rkta ‘t’ prIi9ken e pDta;lI _
Î _5 _Ê prIkLpna prI9` :
s .xa e2n pirkLpna :
'jIvn ka ExLy e ix9` kay R¢m' kay RvahIm u; e wavI ix9ka .Cya jIvn ka ExLy e iv8yk
p Uv Rcac`I Aai` ]Ttrcac`IvrIl p /aPta .ka .Cya m@ymanat sa4 R frk pD el _
vrIl 2naTmk pirkLpn eCya s.QyaxaS5Iy prI9`asa#I ya pirkLpn ec e x UNy pirkLpn et
=pa .tr kel e _
169
xUNy pirkLpna :
jIvn ka ExLye ix9` kay R¢m kay RvahIm u; e wavI ix9ka .Cya jIvn ka ExLy e iv8yk
p Uv Rcac`IvrIl Aai` ]Ttrcac`IvrIl p /aPta .ka .Cya m@ymanat s.QyaxaS5Iyd <*3ya sa4 R frk As`ar
nahI _
x UNy pirkLpn ec e prI9` kr~yasa#I ‘t’ prIi9ka ya s.QyaxaS5Iy sa2naca vapr kela
Aah e _
‘t’ prI9`asa#I p u!Il s U5 vaprl e :
sU5,
2
2
1
1
2
22
1
21
21
2N
S
N
Sr
N
S
N
S
XXt
(Best John, Kahn James, 2010, Page-419)
jIvn ka ExLy e mapn p Uv Rcac`I ]Ttrcac`ICya ‘t’ prI9`ac e filt sar`I ¢ma .k 5 _Ê m@y e
idle Aah e _
sar`I ¢ma .k Î _Ë jIvn ka ExLy mapn p Uv Rcac`I Aai` ]Ttrcac`IvrIl p /aPta .ka .Cya m@ymana .tIl
frkaCya ‘t’ prI9`ac e filt _
jIvn ka ExLy e
mapn cac`I
iv´ai4 RnI
s.Qya
(N)
p / aPta .ka .c e
m@yman
(M)
p /ma`
ivcln
(SD)
shs.b .2
g u`a .k
( )
Sva2Inta
ma5a
(df)
p / aPt t
m ULy
sa4 Rkta
Str
p Uv Rcac`I 79 308.34 22.93
]Ttrcac`I 79 386.80 19.58
0.71 78 41.99 0.01
A4 Rinv Rcn :
0k p uC7 cac`I sa4 Rkta Stravr 0klg3 p Uva e R Ttr cac`I g3asa#I Sva2Inta ma5a (df)
Ï8 sa#I È _ÈÉ ya sa4 Rkta Stravr p /mai`t ‘t’ mULy Ê _ËÏÈ Aah e _ p / aPt ‘t’ m ULy ÌÉ _ÑÑ Aah e _
170
p / aPt ‘t’ m ULy ÌÉ _ÑÑ h e Ê _ËÏÈ p e9a jaSt Aah e _ Mh`jec jIvn ka ExLy mapn p Uv Rcac`I Aai`
]Ttrcac`ItIl iv´ai4 RnI .Cya jIvn ka ExLyiv8yk p /aPta .ka .Cya m@ymanatIl frk È _ÈÉ ya Stravr
sa4 R Aah e _
ya s.QyaxaS5Iy ivXle8`av=n xUNy pirkLpna fe3a;lI Aai` s.xa e2n pirkLpn eca SvIkar
kela _ Mh`jec wavI ix9ka .Cya jIvn ka ExLy mapn p Uv Rcac`IvrIl p /aPta .ka .Cya t uln et
]Ttrcac`IvrIl p /aPta .ka .t s.QyaxaS5Iy sa4 R va! zalelI Aah e _ Mh`jec svRc wavI ix9ka .Cya
jIvn ka ExLy e iv8yk p /aPta .ka .t l9`Iy va! zalelI Aah e _ hI va! s.xa e2kan e tyar kel eLya Aai`
kay RvahI kel eLya jIvn ka ExLy e ix9` kay R¢mam u; e zalI Ase Mh`ta y et e _
Î _5 _Ë g u`aTmk ivXle8` :
cac~ya .vrIl m uKt AiwVyKtIla vav d e`a-ya p /Xna .vrIl p /itsada .c e, Svy .A@yyn
saihTyatIl invDk ¡tI .c e Aai` A@yapn kay R¢matIl p /Tyawr` p /XnavlItIl m uKt p /itsada .c e
g u`aTmk ivXle8` kel e _
sj RnxIl ivcar ka ExLy mapn p Uv Rcac`I Aai` ]Ttr cac`It m uKt AiwVyKtIla vav d e`a-
ya p /Xna .ca smav ex kela ha eta _ ya p / itsada .c e ivXle8` sjRnxIlteCya Aa e6, lvickp`a, ma E ilkta
ya 63ka .Cya Aa2ar e kel e _ yap EkI 0ka p /XnavlI iv´a4I R ixi9ka .Cya p / itsadac e ivXle8`
nm uNyadaql p u! e sar`I Î _5 m@y e sadr kel el e Aah e _
p /Xn : ix9ka .nI s.p k= ny e Mh`Un jaStIt jaSt pya RyI ]payya ejna sucva _
sjRnxIl ivcar ka ExLy e mapn p Uv Rcac`I Aai` ]Ttr cac`It m uKt AiwVyKtIla vav
d e`a-ya 0ka p /Xna .c e g u`aTmk ivXle8`
sar`I ¢ _ Î _Ì : sj RnxIl ivcar ka ExLy e mapn p Uv Rcac`I Aai` ]Ttr cac`It m uKt AiwVyKtIla vav
¢ _ iv´ai4 RnI .nI idleLya p / itsadatIl m ud \d e p Uv Rcac`It s.b .i2t
m ud \d e ma .D`a-ya
iv´ai4 RnI .cI s.Qya
]Ttrcac`It s.b . i2t
m ud \d e ma .D`a-ya
iv´ai4 RnI .cI s.Qya
É xa;etIl p /xasn
pa5 VyKtI .Cya n em` Uk
5Ñ ÏÊ
171
Apa5 AstIl tr p / ix9` dyav e
bdlI jv;Cya gavat
s.2I, svltI, p / ix9`
v etnva!I
s.p ha e~yap UvI Rc ivcar ivinmy
ca .gle kam kr`a-ya .cI dql
purSkar, sNman, ba ens, dja R
ix9ka .sa#I xa;et Un mag Rdx Rn
v EyiKtk
xE9i`k
p / ix9`vg R
s.p ha e~yam u; e iv´a$ya R .c e ha e`ar e
n uksan yaiv8yI ]d \ba e2n
s.pacI v e;c y e} ny e AxI ya ejna
kr`e
È Ê
xa;ebah erIl kam e n d e` e
invD`uka, mtdar na e .d`I, mtma ej`I
jng`na
Sp2a R prI9a
5Ñ ÏÉ
xa;es .b . i2t ANy kam e kmI kr`e
p /v ex prI9a
p /v ex p / i¢ya
Sp2a R prI9a, [tr i#ka`I ja}n
prI9a 6 e` e, baHyprI9k
È Î8
smSya ja` Un 6 e` e
jv;Cya gavat bdlI
palk, smaj, xasn, p /xasn
5Ì Î5
172
iv´a4I R
ANy
jaSt v e; d e`ar e p /ya egxIl, iv´a4I R
iht jp`ar e, mag Rdx Rn kr`ar e ya .cI
dql ^yavI, pairta e i8ke, bi9se
dyavIt _
ÌÊ 5Ï
A4 Rinv Rcn :
p Uv Rcac`ICya t uln et ]Ttr cac`ItIl m uKt p /itsad, Aa e6, iviv2ta v ma E ilkta ya
babtItIl g u`aTmkirTya srs Aah et _
Aa e6 : iv´ai4 RnI ix9ka .nI s.p k= ny e Mh`Un pUv Rcac`It Ì p /karc e m ud \d e s ucvle, tr
]Ttr cac`It Î p /karc e m ud \d e nm Ud kel e _
iviv2ta : p Uv Rcac`It Ì p /karc e m ud \d e s ucvle, tr ]Ttr cac`It Î p /karc e m ud \d e iviv2ta
nm Ud kelI _
ma E ilkta : ix9ka .nI s.p k= ny e yasa#I ix9ka .na mag Rdx Rn ya m ud \dyasa#I p Uv Rcac`It
0khI p / itsad Aala nahI tr ]Ttrcac`It yasa#I kahI p /itsad Aale _
p /Tyawr` p /XnavlIla wavI ix9ka .nI idlel e p /Tyawr` :
p /Tyawr` p /XnavlItIl p /Xna .vr wavI ix9ka .nI idleLya p / itsadac e g u`aTmk ivXle8` kel e
t e p u! e nm uNyadaql idle Aah e _
A@yapn kay R¢m ha svR .k8, p Uv R inya eijt Aai` sh et Uk tsec Svivkasala mdt kr`ara,
wiv*yat ]py uKt Asa Aah e Ase mt wavI ix9ka .nI VyKt kel e _
ha kay R¢m Svt:Cya 9mta, 5 u3I, s.2I Aai` wiv*yatIl 2a ek e Aa e;q~yasa#I sahaYyk
Aah e _
A@yapn kay R¢maca kalav2I p ur esa ha eta _
Anek pd \2tI, t .5 e Aai` ma@yma .Cya vapram u; e kay R¢mababt AavD inma R` zalI _
173
s.xa e2kacI inrI9` e :
p / ix9`aCya p / ar .wI Svy .A@yyn p uiStketIl p /s .gvacn, TyavrIl p /Xna .cI ]Ttr e ilih`e, m uKt
p /itsad d e`a-ya ¡tI kr`e, cca R sadrIkr`e, yasa#I iv´ai4 RnI .ca su=vatIla qUp v e;
jat ha eta _ v eg;a navINyp U` R ivcar kr~yacI Tya .na srav Aai` svyhI nVhtI _ su=vatIla
AgdI ma ek;ep`an e p / itsad idle nahIt _ ma5 ix9`at xev3I iv´ai4 RnI Tya sv R ¡tI .m@y e
p u!akar 6 e}n ma ek;ep`an e p / itsad d et Aai` 0qada v eg;a p / itsad Aala kI, 0kmekI .na
p / a e Tsahn Aai` p / e r`a d et _
wavna .xI s.b . i2t ka ExLy e Aai` Svinv ednavr ¡tI .m@y e iv´ai4 RnI .nI wrw=n p /itsad idla _
Svja`Iv, td \n uw UtI, wavna .c e Aai` ta`t`avac e VyvS4apn ya ka ExLyaCya sadrIkr`at,
wUimkapalnat AapLyala ka e`I hsel, nav e # evIl yaca ivcar n krta, ka e`TyahI wavna
n dDvta, qr eq ur e skaraTmk Aai` nkaraTmk AxI da eNhI p /karcI wavnaiwVyKtI idsUn
AalI _
p /wavI s.p / e8` ka ExLyatIl v EyiKtk Aai` sam Uihk ¡tI .m@y e iv´ai4 RnI p u!akar 6 e}n
sadrIkr` k= lagLya _ su=vatIla sam Uihk cce Rt, g3cce Rt [tr iv´ai4 RnI .c e Mh``e 0 ekt
nVhTya _ Tya .c e vaKy s.p~yap UvI Rc 6a{6a{n e Aaple Mh``e ma .Dt ha e Tya _ pr .t u n .tr ma5
l9pUv Rk 0 ek`e, Aaple Mh``e #amp`e ma .D` e, d us-ya .Cya Mh`~yaca A4R smjUn 6 et e Ase
p / itsad d e} lagLya _ su=vatIla iv´ai4 RnI .Cya [tr iv´ai4 RnI .xI shkay R Aai` Aa .tri¢ya
kmI ha e Tya _ Tya A@yapn kay R¢mat Un va!leLya idsLya _
td\n uw UtI Aai` Aa .trVyiKtk s.b .2 ka ExLyatIl A@yyn An uw UtIt tar e jmI .pr Aai` 7DI
lag e 7m7m Hya ic5p3a .tIl iv´a$ya R .xI Tya 0k=p zaLya ha e Tya _ Tyat Un iv´a$ya R .na smjUn
6 e` e, p / a eTsahn v p / e r`a d e` e yacI ja`Iv jag <t zalI _
]da _ tar e jmI .pr ya ic5p3atIl {xan AvS4I ya ivxe8 grja AsleLya pa5acI ADc`,
smSya Aai` d u :q ya .cI Tya .na p /k8a Rn e ja`Iv zalI _
Svy .A@yyn ¡tItIl p /Xn, ¡tI sa eDivtana sha@yayI iv´ai4 RnI .xI Tya ivcarivinmy cca R
krIt _ g Erhjr AsleLya sha@yayI m Ei5`Ila AadLya idvxIcI ¡tI smjav Un sa .gt _
g3a .tg Rt ¡tI, cca R sadrIkr`, wUimkapaln, [ _ ¡tI .t Un iv´ai4 RnI .ca p u!akar, shwag
Aai` AaTmivXvas va!lela idsla _
174
smSya inrakr`, sjRnxIl ivcar, sarasar ivcar Aai` in`Ry9mta ya ka ExLy A@yyn
An uw UtI .Cya v e;I iv´ai4 RnI .na su=vatIla ya ka ExLya .Cya 63ka .n usar ¡tI keLya nahIt _
pr .t u n .tr ma5 Tya Tya ka ExLyaCya Sv=pan usar pay-yan usar ¡tI keLya _ ]da _ b u id \2m .4n
t .5aca vapr k=n v egv eg;ya kLpna ma .DLya _ tr, PMI, SEAM ya t .5aca vapr k=n
smSyainrakr`atIl ¡tI Tya Tya 3PPyan usar keLya _ su=vatIla vrvr mt, in`Ry kr`a-ya
iv´ai4 RnI n .tr icikTsk ivcar k= lagLya Aai` vaStvt ec e wan Aalel e ja`vle _
tumc e )an tpasa ya sdraqalIl Sva@yayasa#I iv´ai4 RnI Svy .A@yyn saihTyac e l9pUv Rk,
barka{n e vacn krIt Aai` Ai2k sqa el maihtI 6 et _ yav e;I Tya .cI ij)asa, AavD,
]Tsukta va!lelI ja`vlI _
Î _Î s.xa e2nace in*k8R Üp /ya egatIl nmuNyap urt e mya RidtÝ :
É _ s .xa e2kinim Rt jIvn ka ExLye kay R¢mam u; e wavI ix9ka .Cya p Uv Rcac`ItIl p /aPta .ka .Cya
m@ymanaCya t uln et ]Ttrcac`ItIl m@ymanat s.QyaxaS5Iyd <*3ya l9`Iy va! zalI _
Mh`jec p /St ut s.xa e2natIl s.xa e2kan e ivkist kel ela ix9` kay R¢m wavI ix9ka .cI
jIvn ka ExLy e ivkist kr~yasa#I pir`amkark #rla _
Ê _ m uKt p / itsada .m@y e Aa e6, lvcIkp`a, ma E ilkta ya sjRnxIlta 63ka .d \var e prI9` kel e _
Tyat p Uv Rcac`ItIl p /itsada .p e9a ]Ttrcac`ItIl p /itsad Ai2k srs ha et e _ Mh`jec p /St ut
jIvn ka ExLy ix9` kay R¢m sjRnxIlta ivkist kr~yasa#I pir`amkarkta #rla _
Ë _ jIvn ka ExLy mapn cac`ItIl p /Ty ek s.catIl p /aPta .ka .t zaleLya va!IcI t ulna kelI
Asta s.p / e8`, smSyainrakr` v sjRnxIl cac`I yat sva R i2k va! zalelI Aa!;lI _
Ì _ wavI ix9ka .nI ix9` kay R¢mavrIl p /Tyawr`aCya Aa2ar e p /Tyawr` p /XnavlIt idleLya
p / itsadav=n jIvn ka ExLy kay R¢maca Tya .na p /Ty9 jIvnat fayda zala Ase Tya .nI nm Ud
kel e _ yav=n s.xa e2kan e tyar kel ela kay R¢m pir`amkark #rla _
Î _Ï p u!Il s.xa e2nasa#I iv8y :
É _ p / a4imk, ma@yimk, ]Cc ma@yimk, mhaiv´alyIn Aai` [tr Vyavsaiyk ix9` xaqa .tIl
ix9ka .sa#I jIvn ka ExLy kay R¢ma .c e ivksn Aai` TyaCya pir`amkarkteca AWyas _
175
Ê _ [tr ma@yma .Cya ix9`xaS5 pdivka, pdvI Aai` pdVy uTtr iv´a$ya R .sa#I jIvn ka ExLy
ix9` kay R¢mac e ivksn Aai` TyaCya pir`amkarkteca AWyas _
Ë _ s eva .tg Rt p / ix9`, ]d \ba e2n vg R, ]j;`I vg R ya .d \var e ix9ka .na jIvn ka ExLya .c e p / ix9`
d e~yasa#I kay R¢m inim RtI Aai` TyaCya pir`amkarkteca AWyas _
Ì _ xaley iv´a$ya R .sa#I [yTta .n usar Aai` va! ivkasaCya 3PPya .n usar jIvn ka ExLya .c e ix9`
kay R¢macI inim RtI Aai` TyaCya pir`amkarkteca AWyas _
5 _ xa;a Aai` mhaiv´aly StravrIl iv´a$ya R .sa#I NCC< NSS, MCC, Ska}3 ga{D,
shlI Aai` 9e5w e3I yasarQya AWyasp Urk kay R¢mat Un jIvn ka ExLy ix9` de~yasa#I
kay R¢mac e ivksn Aai` TyaCya pir`amkarkteca AWyas _
Î _ Da WK3r, [ .ijinAr ya .CyasarQya [tr Vyavsaiyka .sa#I jIvn ka ExLy e kay R¢minim RtI Aai`
TyaCya pir`amkarkteca AWyas _
Ï _ Aai4 Rk, samaijk piriS4tI Aai` VyiKtmTTv p El U ya 63ka .ca jIvn ka ExLy ivksnavr
ha e`a-ya pir`amaca AWyas _
Î _8 ixfarxI :
Î _8 _É ix9`s.S4a Aai` ix9ka .sa#I ixfarxI :
ix9`xaS5atIl iviv2 iv8ya .sa#I A@yapnat jIvn ka ExLya .xI sa .gD 6alUn ja`Ivp Uv Rk
A@yyn An uw UtI dyaVyat _ jIvn ka ExLy ha AWyas¢maca 0k wag Vhava _ x E9i`k v8a RCya
su=vatIla sU(ma@yapn ¡its5ap /ma` e jIvn ka ExLy ix9`ac e 0k ¡its5 ^yav e Aai`
ix9ka .na jIvn ka ExLyac e p / ix9` dyav e _
wavI ix9ka .sa#I 7a5sevaka;at jIvn ka ExLya .xI s.b . i2t ¡tIca smav ex krava _
Svy .A@yyn, qe; Aai` Aiw=pta, w Uimkapaln, g3cca R, sadrIkr`, shkaya R Tmk A@yyn
[TyadI pd \2tI Aai` t .5aca A@yapnaCya v e;I vapr k=n Ap/Ty9p`e jIvn ka ExLya .c e
p / ix9` iv´a$ya R .na s.2I dyavI _ Tya .c e ivcar, kLpna, mte VyKt kr~yacI s.2I AWyas¢m
kay RvahI drMyan dyavI _
176
Î _8 _Ê raJy xE9i`k s.xa e2n Aai` p /ix9` pir8d, pa#yp uStk m.D; Aai`
raJyma@yimk Aai` ]Ccma@yimk ix9` m.D;asa#I ixfarxI :
svR pa#yp uStka .t Un jIvn ka ExLy ix9`aca Aaxy Aai` s.d exaca smav ex kr~yat yava,
tsec ix9ka .na p / ix9` saihTy ]plB2 k=n dyav e _
jIvn ka ExLya .Cya An uw UtI .n usar Tya Tya pa#a .vr jIvn ka ExLya .Cya A .gan e ivcar Aai`
m ULymapn krta y e{l Axa ¡tI .ca smav ex krava _
jIvn ka ExLy e ix9` kay RvahI .sa#I ix9ka .na mag Rdx Rn kr~yasa#I ix9k hStp uiStka tyar
kraVyat _
seva .tg Rt ix9k p/ix9`at jIvn ka ExLy ix9`aca smav ex krava _
