Planning and development

of urban transportation system

Experience from Tokyo

Bureau of Urban Development

Tokyo Metropolitan Government

Takahiro ANZAI

Sept 22, 2016

Contents

• Outline of Tokyo

• Railway Network

• Expressway Network

• For Tokyo 2020 Olympic and Paralympic

Games

1

Greater Tokyo Area

2

Area

(km2)

Population

(thousand)

GDP/GRP

（billions of USD）

Japan 377,972 127,110 4,921

Greater Tokyo 13,562 36,126 1,635

Tokyo Met. 2,191 13,514 929

Japan

Tokyo Met.

Greater Tokyo Area

50km

Greater Tokyo Area

Urban

Area Rank

Population

(thousand)

Tokyo(greater) 1 37,833

Delhi 2 24,953

Shanghai 3 22,991

New York 9 18,591

Dhaka 11 16,982

Karachi 12 16,126

Manila 18 12,764

Paris 25 10,764

London 27 10,189

Jakarta 28 10,176

Seoul 29 9,775

Kanagawa Pref.

Chiba Pref.

Saitama Pref.

Tokyo Met.

3

Tokyo Metropolis

4

23 special wards Tama area

Kanagawa Pref.

Chiba Pref.

Saitama Pref.

GDP Population Area

19％ 10％ 0.6％

National proportion

Tokyo Met.

Outlying Islands

in Tokyo

Population: 13.5 million

GRP: 929 billion (USD)

Area: 2,191 km2

23 special wards Tama area 26cities & 5towns

■Zoning areas are divided into three types of districts：

Residential districts

（7 categories）

Commercial districts

（2 categories）

Industrial districts

（3 categories） 5

Tokyo Metropolis (Designated Zoning Area)

Tokyo Metropolis (Designated Zoning Area)

6

１ Residential districts Den-en-chofu, Ota-ward

２ Commercial districts

Near the Tokyo Station,

Chiyoda-ward

３ Industrial districts Bay area, Koto-ward

１

２ ３

Quality of Life in Tokyo

7

Rank City

1 Copenhagen

2 Tokyo

3 Melbourne

4 Stockholm

5 Helsinki

6 Vienna

7 Zurich

8 Munich

9 Kyoto

10 Fukuoka MONOCLE Issue 75 July/August 2014

Tokyo is the second most liveable city in the world,

according to Monocle’s 2014 Quality of Life survey.

JR Yamanote

Line

Oedo Subway

Line

Urban Railway Network

Tokyo

Shinjuku

Akihabara

Shibuya

8

Urban Railway Network

Length Stations

JR lines

(Ex-National railways) 419km 141

Private lines

(7 major companies) 383km 293

Subway

(2 major companies) 300km 234

Monorail,

New transport system 76km 101

Total 1,178km 769

(As of 2010)

Urban Railway Network

Status of railway

Urban Railway Network

9

Period 1：Early stage 1872～1940’s

Period 2：Developing stage 1950’s～1980’s

Period 3：Matured stage 1980’s～

History of Railway Development

10

1955

1885

Yam

an

ote

lin

e

Tokaido line

(for Yokohama)

1926

Urban area

Seibu Ikebukuro

Line

Keio Line

Tokyu Meguro

Line

Chuo Line

Tobu Isesaki Line

Keisei Line

JR lines(Ex-National railways)

11

Period 1 : Early stage 1872～1940’s

History of Railway Development

Private lines

11

(mil)

1950 2000 1900

Crowded road Population rapid growth

Congestion in commuter trains

● End of trams operation (to secure road traffics)

● Development of subway network

● Development of urban railways for suburb towns

Period 2 : Developing stage 1950’s～1970’s

History of Railway Development

12

(mil)

1950 2000 1900

Period 3 : Matured stage 1980’s～

Population stable growth

● Effective utilization of

existing railway network

⇒ Mutual direct operation

● New line development

⇒ Oedo subway line

JR Yamanote line

Oedo subway line

Subway

JR / Private line

History of Railway Development

13

Subsidy for function

improvement

Developing stage Matured stage

Subsidy for railway

construction

Early stage

Railway company's

own resources

■ subway network

■ urban railways

for suburb towns

■ From double-track

to quadruple-track

■ Speed enhancement

■ Congestion mitigation

■ Access for airport

1/3 1/3 1/3

National government

Local government

Railway company

Image of initial cost allocation

Financial Support for Railway Development

■ Development of

housing along

railways

■ Development of

commercial facilities

near stations

1/2 1/4 1/4

14

Road and Railway Grade Separation Projects

15

JR Yamanote

Line

Before After

Legend

Completed

Underway

Effect of Railway Development Transition of modal share in Tokyo 23 wards

Comparison of modal share of the world’s major cities

Effect of Railway Development

16

Effect of Railway Development

Transition of the congestion rate

Effect of Railway Development

17

Effect of Railway Development

The population growth in greater Tokyo area

Effect of Railway Development

18

To Meet Universal Requirements

Progress in making stations barrier-free

More multilingual signage

19

20

Improving Shibuya Station Improving Shibuya Station

21

JR Saikyo Line

JR Yamanote

Line

Before

After

Hachiko

Square

Hachiko

Square

JR Saikyo Line

JR Yamanote

Line

Concourse for

Transfer

22

Improving Shibuya Station

Expressway inside the CCR

Central Circular Route

National Capital Region

Central Loop Road

(Ken-o-do)

Haneda Airport

Narita Airport

Tokyo Outer Loop Road

Three Loop Expressways

23

Three Loop Expressways (Central Circular Route)

24

Three Loop Expressways (Tokyo Outer Loop Road )

Current

Local streets

CO2 emissions reduction

About 300 thousand ton / year

After completion

Improving environmental condition

NOx emissions reduction

About 400 ton / year

Equivalent to

30 thousand hector forest

absorbing

Equivalent to

2.6 million trucks

exhausting 25

Three Loop Expressways (Ken-o-do)

Before After

Higher than average

Average

Cheaper than average

Different by mileage

Suburb

Ken-o-do

Average

Alleviation of radical reform

Suburb

Ken-o-do

Expressway toll fare Expressway toll fare

26

At Tokyo 1964 Games

27

Tokaido Shinkansen

(In service from October 1964)

Tokyo metropolitan expressway

For Tokyo 2020 Games

28

・Number of International flights (flights/day)

0 (2002) ⇒ 100 (2015 winter)

・Chartered flight only ⇒ 26 cities worldwide

Domestic

Cargo Area

International

Cargo Area

Terminal 2

Terminal 1

International Terminal

Runway-C(3000m)

Runway-A(3000m)

Runway-D

(2500m)

Runway-B

(2500m)

Hangar area

Functional enhancement of Haneda airport

Departures and arrivals (international + domestic)

For Tokyo 2020 Games

29

For Tokyo 2020 Games

The ring road 2 (under construction)

Tokyo

Torano

mon

Olympic

Village

Introduction of BRT system

Toranomon Bus Terminal

Conecting Bus 30

After Tokyo 2020 Games

32.5% 39.3%

Population tends by age group

31

After Tokyo 2020 Games

32

Number of visitors to Japan/Tokyo

Thank you for your attention!