PMR Grammar

7/29/2019 PMR Grammar

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2013

ENGLISH PMR:

GRAMMAR


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TENSES


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Parts of

speech

Definition Examples

Noun

(kata

nama)

A word that names a person, place,

thing, animal, concept or activity or

idea.Uncountable nouns : cannot be

counted

Countable nouns : can be counted

tree, apple, orange, kitten,

hospital, froge.g.: The cat jumps over the

fence.

Verb

(katakerja)

A word that describes an action or

state

talk, eat, run, shout, jump, is ,

was, am.e.g. : The cat climbs.

Pronoun

(ganti

nama)

A word that takes the place of a noun

I, he, she, it, they, we, our, itself

e.g.: Ali likes durian. He is

eating it now.

Adjective(sifat

nama)

A word that describes a noun or

pronoun

beautiful, tall, clever, blue, red,kind

e.g.: A beautiful clever girl.

Adverb

(sifat kata)

A word that gives more information

about a verb, an adjective or anadverb

quickly, fast, slowly, very,

carefully

e.g.: The cat walks slowly and


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Parts OfSpeech

Definition Examples

Conjunction

(Kata

Hubung)

A word that joins two or

more words, phrases or

clauses.

and, or, but, however, therefore,

moreover, so, although

Interjection

(kata seruan)

A word used to show

strong feeling.Ouch! Wow! Ah! Ops! Hey!


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PAST PRESENT FUTURESIMPLE SIMPLE

CONTINUOUS CONTINUOUS

PERFECT PERFECT


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Singular (verb)

eatcatch

sleep

- - - - - -

eats

catchessleeps

Plural (verb)

eat

catch

sleep

I

You

- - - - - - -

He

SheIt

We

You

They

Simple Present

-Mothergoesto the market twice a week.

- Aina is a good girl. She always sleeps early.

- He always comes to school early.- I eat noodles everyday.


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Present Continuous (to show habitual action / somethingthat is happening)

Singular

am

- - - -

are

- - - -

is

( verb + ing )

eating

catchingsleeping

Plural

are

( verb + ing )

eating

catchingsleeping

I

- - - - -

You

- - - - -He

She

It

We

YouThey

- The teacher is teaching now.

- Iam sleeping early tonight.

- Theyare eating noodles.


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Present Perfect (To describe something that has ended or stillcontinuing)

- Ihave eatennoodles.

- Hehas studied for PMR.

- Theyhave slept for 12 hours!

- Ali ??? eatentwo pieces of fried

chicken.

Singular

have

- - - - - -

has

(verb past

participle)

eaten

studied

slept

Plural

have

(verb past

participle)

eaten

studied

slept

IYou

- - - - - - -

He

She

It

We

You

They


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Simple Past

-Motherwentto the market yesterday.

- Aina studied very late last night.

- We atefried fish for lunch.

Singular (verb)

ate

caught

studied

Plural (verb)

ate

caught

studied

I

You

He

She

It

We

You

They


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Past Continuous (to show something that happened in the pastat the same time / something that happened at a specific moment in the past)

-Ali was eatingfried chicken when I called.

- You were sleepingwhile the teacher was

teaching!

Singular

was

- - - --

were

( verb + ing )

eating

catchinglying

Plural

were

( verb + ing )

eating

catchinglying

I

He

She

It- - - - - - -

You

We

You

They


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Past Perfect (to show two events in the past)

-Ali had eatenfried chicken before he slept.

Singular

had

(verb pastparticiple)

eaten

caught

lied

Plural

had

(verb past participle)

eaten

caught

lied

I

You

He

She

It

We

You

They


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Future Tense

-Ali will studyfor the test.

- You will eatwith your uncle tomorrow.

Singular

will

(base form verb)

eat

catch

study

Plural

will

(base form verb)

eat

catch

study

I

You

He

She

It

We

You

They


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Practice: Present TensePresent Tense

Exercise 1Each question in the text below refers to a numbered blank. For each question, choose the

best answerfrom the options A, B, CandDto fit the numbered blanks

Malaysians like to go on picnics. On weekends and public holidays, picnickers________(1) on beaches with their family or friends to ________(2) their minds and bodies.They ________(3) in the sea or just ________(4) on mats and ________(5) childrensplashing about.

When it ________(6) time for lunch, they help themselves heartily to the deliciousfood and drinks they ________(7) brought along with them. They listen to songs and________(8) games. Children build sandcastles and ________(9) seashells.

Soon it is time to________(10) home. Everyone feels tired but happy.

1 A gather B gathered C gathers D gathering2 A relax B relaxing C relaxed D relaxes3 A swim B swum C swam D swimming4 A lie B lay C laid D lies5 A watch B watching C watched D watches6 A was B is C were D are7 A have B has C are D is8 A play B playing C played D plays9 A collects B collect C collected D collecting10 A go B come C goes D comes


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Practice: TensePastExercise 2

Each question in the text below refers to a numbered blank. For each question, choose thebest answerfrom the options A, B, CandDto fit the numbered blanks

Acrowd of people ________ (1) inside the tent to see the circus. There ________ (2)a lot of clowns with red noses which seemed to glow. One of the clowns had a little monkeythat ________(3) up a stick. Another one ________(4) to be a frog and jumped about on thegrass, croaking. Everybody ________(5). One played funny tune on a flute. Then someacrobats _______(6) running into the ring while the band played some exciting music. Theybowed to the crowd and then took off their cloaks and climbed up some ropes to the roof ofthe tent. The band ________ (7) playing. Then they began to swing from one rope toanother, flying through the air like bird men! One of them seemed to slip in the middle of aflight. This ________(8) the crowd a fright, but he was only pretending. When acrobats

________(9), the band played a cheerful tune. This ________ (10) by a warm applause ofthe crowd.

1 A go B went C goes D going2 A is B are C was D were3 A climbed B climbing C climb D climbs

4 A pretend B pretending C pretended D pretends5 A laughing B laughed C laugh D laughter6 A come B came C coming D comes7 A stopped B stop C stopping D stops8 A give B gave C given D give9 A finished B finishing C finish D finishes10 A was followed B were followed C is followed D are followed


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Prepositions

To show the location or position of something (on, in, under, across)To show direction (to, from, towards)

To show time (after, since, before)


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Practice 1I had been warned that the twins were not called the Horrible Twins without

any justification. However I was not prepared for the sight ________(1) my eyes. Eng

Hock was sitting________(2) Eng Sengs shoulders while Eng Hock was balancing an

empty tin________(3) the tip of his nose.

When I told them to stop their act, Eng Hock jumped________(4) Eng Sengs

shoulder and landed ________(5) me. Then he took out a matchbox ________(6) his

pocket. He held the box ________(7) my face and suddenly opened it. There was a big

spider________(8) in the box. Then, he held the spider ________(9) his thumb and

forefinger. Next, he threw the spider over my head and it landed________(10) the table

in front of me.

1 A before B by C at D in2 A at B on C from D along

3 A near B from C over D on4 A away B off C of D over5 A over B at C beside D with6 A in front of B under C from D below7 A between B in C near D along8 A in B on C beside D under

9 A over B on C between D in10.A on B off C in D with

PMR 2010


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PMR 2010

Question 11 18 are based on the following text.

Ever had a common cold? It is infection occurring in the nose and throat. It is caused

by viruses and normally ____(11)___ two to five days to recover. Viruses causing commoncolds are very contagious and ___(12)____ spread by sneezes and coughs.

The symptoms of a cold are runny nose and weepy eyes. ___(13)___ people also

suffer from sore throat, headache and fever.Preventive measures can be taken to avoid being bitten ___(14)___ a cold bug.

Firstly, avoid touching your eyes, nose and mouth with your hands. ___(15)___, always

cover your mouth when sneezing. It is advisable to use tissues rather than handkerchiefs as

they can be discarded after use. Besides, avoid sharing utensils and personal items. Lastly,avoid contact with others suffering from cold.

Ifyou suffer ___(16)___ a cold, you should rest. Resting helps to build up___(17)___ immune system. Drinking at least eight glasses of water a day helps loosen

mucus, enabling you to cough or blow out ___(18)___ . You can also gargle with warm, saltyater to ease throat irritations. If all these fail to relieve your problem, consult a doctor.

11. A take B takes C taken D taking12. A is B are C was D were

13. A All B Less C Few D Some14. A by B from C with D in

15. A Finally B Later C Next D Soon16. A of B for C with D from17. A its B our C your D their

18. A easy B easily C easier D easiest


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SENT

ENCECON

STRUCTION

Simple sentenceSubject + Verb + Object : To show action done on someone/something else

Subject Verb Object

He

She

ItI

You

We

They

thanked

praises

is looking atscolded

make

will read

eat

me

him

herthem

coffee

books

durians


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SENT

ENCECON

STRUCTION

Simple sentenceSubject + was / were + ing : To show what was happeningin the story (past continuous tense)

Subject Verb (to be) + ing

I

HeShe

It

was

waswas

was

reading

playingfishing

sleeping

You

WeThey

were

werewere

playing

fishingsleeping


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SENT

ENCECON

STRUCTION

Simple sentenceSubject + was / were + what : To describe people, things,place or time

Subject Verb (to be) Descriptive (adj)

He

She

It

I

You

We

They

was

was

was

was

were

were

were

happy

worried

hungry

surprised

angry

cold

young


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(3A, 3B)

PMR BASED EXERCISE (ESSAY WRITING)

(3C, 3D, 3E)PMR BASED EXERCISE (ESSAY WRITING)
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Then, Rahim openedthe bag. It was full of

money. He was extremely shocked. He looked

around but there was nobody nearby.


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PRESENT TENSE: go

goes

PAST TENSE: went

the policeman

the police station

the bag

Soon after,

After that,

Then,

Not long after that,

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PMR Grammar