PP v Goh Eng Sing

8/10/2019 PP v Goh Eng Sing

1/33

IN THE MAGISTRATE COURT OF MARAN

IN THE STATE OF PAHANG DARUL MAKMUR

CRIMINAL TRIAL NO 83-64-02/2013

PUBLIC PROSECUTOR

v.

GOH ENG SING

GROUNDS OF JUDGMENT

BACKGROUND

[1] The accused in this case is chared !ith an "#ence under

secti"n 1$% &1' &e' "( the Cust") *ct 1+,- ("r c"nve/in

0r"hiited ""ds i.e. ciarettes "n 1$ 2une 341$ ar"und 5.$4

a.). near Pasar B"r"n Bandar 2en6a Pahan 7aru8 9a6)ur.

PROSECUTIONS CASE

[3] Based "n in("r)ati"n "n activities "( s)u8in i88ea8

ciarettes "n 1$th"( 2une 3413 Su:an in 9"ha))ed ;us"(

&SP$' 8ed a tea) "( ("ur t"ether !ith 9unirah Binti 9"hd Gaus

&SP5' 9uha))ad


2/33

[$] *r"und 5.34 a) the sus0ected vehic8e a !hite HICO9 8"rr/

!ith reistrati"n nu)er ?@? +53A !as seen and s0"tted. It !as

driven / "ne Chinese u/. The tea) tai8ed the 8"rr/ !hich

r"uht the) t" Pasar B"r"n 2en6a. The/ ("und the a("resaid

8"rr/ 0ar6ed at the 0ar6in 8"t "( Pasar B"r"n 2en6a. It !as then

5.$4 a.). in the )"rnin.

[5] The Cust") Ocers &SP$ SP5 and Ha)idin' surr"unded the

8"rr/. The rear d""r !as ("und "0ened and in (e! )")ents "ne

Chinese u/ a00r"ached the). He intr"duced hi)se8( as thedriver "( the 8"rr/. His na)e is G"h En Sin the accused in this

case. He in("r)ed the Cust") Ocers that the 8"rr/ e8"ned t"

his e)08"/er. *t that ti)e SP% !as n"t at the scene since he !as

assined t" c"nduct chec6in unt" "ther 0re)ises at Pasar

B"r"n.

[%] SP$ then directed SP5 t" c"nduct search "n the 8"rr/. SP5

("und as6ets and 08astic as !hich c"ntained ciarettes 0i8ed

under chun6s "( (r"=en )eats and veeta8es. Th"se ciarettes

are sus0ected t" e i88ea8 ciarettes !hich are as ("88"!s

,4 cart"ns D 14 0ac6ets D 13 stic6s ciarette Gudan Gara) Sur/a

3A cart"ns D 14 0ac6ets D 34 stic6s ciarette Pre)iu) Internati"na8

31 cart"ns D 14 0ac6ets D 34 stic6s ciarette Can/"n &9erah'

34 cart"ns D 14 0ac6ets D 13 stic6s ciarette 9inna

3

%

14

1%

34

3%


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5+ cart"ns D 14 0ac6ets D 13 stic6s ciarette Gudan Gara) Nusantara

&H'

51 cart"ns D 14 0ac6ets D 13 stic6s ciarette Gudan Gara) Nusantara

&9'

3 cart"ns D 14 0ac6ets D 13 tan ciarette B"6"r)as

- cart"ns D 14 0ac6ets D 34 stic6s ciarette Pine Pri)e &H'

15 cart"ns D 14 0ac6ets D 34 stic6s ciarette Pine Pri)e &9'

1+ cart"ns D 14 0ac6ets D 34 stic6s ciarette 2"hn &9'

1A cart"ns D 14 0ac6ets D 34 stic6s ciarette Leaue &H'

- cart"ns D 14 0ac6ets D 34 stic6s ciarette 9"den

% cart"ns D 14 0ac6ets D 34 stic6s ciarette Ha8(ti)e %

1 cart"ns D 14 0ac6ets D 34 stic6s ciarette Parad"D

$4 cart"ns D 14 0ac6ets D 34 stic6s ciarette Leaue irinia

$+ cart"ns D 14 0ac6ets D 34 stic6s ciarette Leaue &9'

14 cart"ns D 14 0ac6ets D 1, stic6s ciarette L.* Lihts

[,] U0"n directi"n "( SP$ SP5 t""6 0h"t"ra0hs "( the 8"cati"n

and the ite)s disc"vered. These 0h"t"ra0hs !ere eDhiited and

)ar6ed as P34* unti8 P34E. The accused t"ether !ith the 8"rr/

and the ite)s !ere Fesc"rted t" Bandar 2en6a P"8ice Stati"n

!here a 0"8ice re0"rt !as 8"ded / SP5. The re0"rt nu)ered

Bandar 2en6a Re0"rt N". 4411$A13 and it !as tendered in C"urt

and )ar6ed as P33.

$

%

14

1%

34


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[-] The raidin tea) t"ether !ith the accused the sei=ed

ite)s and the 8"rr/ then headed t" the "ce "( En("rce)ent Unit

R"/a8 Cust") "( 9a8a/sia uantan Pahan. There the sei=ed

8"rr/ the sei=ed ite)s t"ether !ith the 0"8ice re0"rt !ere

handed "ver t" the investiatin "cer 9"hd Sani in *d

Rah)an &SPA' and a handin "ver 8ist &P1+' !as 0re0ared t" that

e#ect.

[A] Ins0ecti"n unt" the sei=ed ite)s !as d"ne / the raidin

tea). SP5 t""6 0h"t"ra0hs "( the sei=ed ite)s "ne )"re ti)e.

Th"se 0h"t"ra0hs !ere eDhiited as P34P34*


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[13] Che)ist Re0"rt &P15' c"n:r)ed the sa)08es sent ("r

ana8/sis are Fcigarettes containing tobacco.U0"n recei0t "( the

Che)ist Re0"rt SPA 0re0ared an a008icati"n t" C8assi:cati"n

Tari# and 7ra(tin Branch Technica8 Service 7ivisi"n R"/a8

Cust") "( 9a8a/sia PutraKa/a ("r c8assi:cati"n "( sei=ed ite)s. *

re08/ &P$4' dated %.11.3413 stated that the sei=ed ite) are

suita8e t" e c8assi:ed under GIR 1 under tari# c"de 3543.34

+44 &P7 344-' as cigarettes containing tobacco.

[1$] Si)i8ar8/ the sei=ed 8"rr/ !as a8s" sent t" 7e0art)ent "(

Che)istr/ t" ins0ect its chassis and enine nu)er. * c"verin

8etter !as sent t"ether !ith the 8"rr/ P11B. Re0"rt "n the resu8t

"( the che)ica8 ana8/sis )ade unt" the 8"rr/ !as eDhiited as

P3-.

[15] SPA then )ade an a008icati"n t" R"ad Trans0"rt

7e0art)ent t" :nd "ut the "!ner "( the 8"rr/. R"ad Trans0"rt

7e0art)ent re08ied via a 8etter eDhiited as P$A !hich stated

that the "!ner "( the said 8"rr/ is Perniaaan ;un Sen !ith

address at N" -, Sunai 2eri6 2erantut Pahan. It is (urther

disc"vered that the "!ner "( the enter0rise is "ne Pan ;un Sen

&SP-'.

[1%] State)ent (r") SP- !as rec"rded / SPA !h"

ac6n"!8eded his c")0an/ "!nershi0 t"!ards the 8"rr/ and the

%

%

14

1%

34

3%


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8"rr/ is used in dai8/ "0erati"n "( his c")0an/. He is r"ther in>

8a!s t" the accused.

[1,] SPA then sent an a008icati"n via a 8etter &P3$' t"ether !ith

1- 0ac6ets "( ciarettes t" a8uati"n Branch Technica8 Service

7ivisi"n R"/a8 Cust") 7e0art)ent "( Pahan see6in va8uati"n

"( the sei=ed ciarettes. a8uati"n Re0"rt &P35' !as issued / "ne

Jahir Bin *du8 Rah)an &SP,' (r") the a("resaid 7ivisi"n

detai8in the va8uati"n "( the va8ue "( the ciarettes t" e at

RM5,003.60 and ca8cu8ati"n "( taD !hich a)"unted t"R9$4$44.3,. The va8uati"n !as d"ne usin F6aedah anKa8

!here the susistin data 0rice in the s/ste) is used t"

deter)ine the 0rice "( th"se ciarettes. Later the ciarettes !ere

returned ac6 t" SPA.

[1-]


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HETHER THE PROSECUTION HAS MADE OUT A PRIMA

FACIE CASE!

[1A] Secti"n 1$% &1' &e' "( C"#$%& A'$ 1(6)states

(1)Whoever-(e) is in any way knowingly concerned in conveying, removing,

depositing or dealing with any dutiable, uncustomed or prohibited

goods with intent to deraud the !overnment o any duties thereon,

or to evade any o the provisions o this "ct or to evade any

prohibition applicable to such goods#

shall be guilty o an o$ence shall be guilty o an o$ence and shall, on

conviction-

(i) in the case o goods included in a class o goods appearing in

an order made under subsection 11(1)-

(aa) be liable or the %rst o$ence to a %ne o not less than ten

times the amount o the customs duty or %ty thousand ringgit,whichever is the lesser amount, and o not more than twenty

times the amount o the customs duty or one hundred thousand

ringgit, whichever is the greater amount, or to imprisonment or

a term not e&ceeding three years or to both# and

[1+] Thus !hether the sei=ed ite)s (a88 under the de:niti"n "(

0r"hiited ""ds s0e8t "ut in the a("resaid secti"n Secti"n 3 "(C"#$%& A'$ 1(6)0r"vides

-

%

14

1%

34

3%

$4


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'prohibited goods' means goods the import or e&port o which is

prohibited, either absolutely or conditionally by an order under section

1 or by any other written law.

?hereas secti"n $1 "( the *ct 0r"vides

(1) he *inister may, by order-

(a) prohibit the importation into, or the e&portation rom

*alaysia or any part thereo, either absolutely or conditionally, or

rom or to any speci%ed country, territory or place outside

*alaysia, or the removal rom one place to another place in

*alaysia o any goods or class o goods#

[34] B/ the "rder "( the 9inister i)0"rt "( ciarettes int"

9a8a/sia save ("r c"))ercia8 (ree area )ust c")08/ !ith

reu8ati"ns and c"nditi"ns s0e8t "ut in C"#$% *P+%,.$% O

I&%+$# O++ 2008 *PU*A 86/2008. Ru8e ,&1' "( the Order

reads

+ubect to subparagraph (), the importation into *alaysia o goods

speci%ed in columns () and () o art // o the 0ourth +chedule,

originating rom the countries speci%ed in column () o the said

+chedule is prohibited, e&cept in the manner provided or in column

(2) o the +chedule.

[31]


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P+$ II

&G""ds !hich )a/ n"t e i)0"rted int" 9a8a/sia and )"ve)ent "( ""ds (r") (ree

c"))ercia8 ="ne

t" the Princi0a8 Cust")s *rea Lauan Lan6a!i and Ti")an eDce0t in the )anner

0r"vided'

&N"t a008ica8e t" (ree c"))ercia8 ="nes'

&1' &3' &$' &5' &%'

Ite)

N".

7escri0ti"n

"( G""ds

Headin

Suheadin

C"untr/ 9anner "( I)0"rt

1.

Ciarettes

3543.34 +44

3543.+4 344

*88 c"untries *88 i)0"rters sha88 c")08/ !ith the hea8th

!arnin "n ciarette 0ac6ainM

&1' &")itted'

&3' &")itted'

() a& stamp3

(1) 4n each packet o cigarette there shall

be a5&ed a ta& stamp as approved by the

6irector !eneral o 7ustoms.

[33] It is the evidence "( SP$ that the 0ac6ets ciarettes have n"

F9; )ar6 n" hea8th !arnin and the taD sta)0 is asent and

s")e turned "ut t" e c"unter(eited. The Che)ist &SP3' !h"

0re0ared Che)ist Re0"rt &P15' c"n:r)ed the sa)08es sent areciarettes c"ntainin t"acc".

+

%

14


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[3$] C8ear8/ there is taD t" e i)0"sed "n i)0"rted ciarettes

and t" e 0aid t" the 7irect"r Genera8 "( Cust") e("re it can e

s"8d "r circu8ated. Initia8 C"n:r)ati"n Re0"rt "( the Securit/ In6

&P$5' (r") S/ari6at Le)ah Sari Sdn Bhd c"n:r)ed that the sea8

&taD sta)0' ("und "n the 0ac6s "( ciarettes turned "ut t" e

c"unter(eit. Thus the ciarettes ("und had n"t een 0aid an/ taD

a )anner that sh"u8d e c")08ied !ith e("re it can e i)0"rted.

It is there("re F0r"hiited ""ds.

A'$"# R"#

[35] Based "n the evidence "( SP$ SP5 and SP% the accused !as

the driver "( the 8"rr/ !hich headed t"!ards Pasar B"r"n 2en6a

and 8ater u0"n ins0ecti"n i88ea8 ciarettes !ere disc"vered "n

the said 8"rr/. Evidence "( SP- the "!ner "( the 8"rr/ cu) the

e)08"/er c"n:r)s that the accused his e)08"/ee !as the "n8/

0ers"n auth"ri=ed t" drive the said 8"rr/. The 8"rr/ !as never 8et

t" e rented. The c"ntr"8 "( the said 8"rr/ "n that )"rnin s"8e8/

rest !ith the accused. The 0r"hiited ""ds !ere ("und inside the

said 8"rr/. I a) satis:ed that the e8e)ent "( 8conveying or

dealingis success(u88/ 0r"ved / the 0r"secuti"n.

E5&$ % K%75

14

%

14

1%

34


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[3%] The accused !as ("und drivin the 8"rr/ headin t"!ards

Pasar B"r"n 2en6a. Evidence "( SP$ states that

89okok diumpai dalam bakul-bakul dan beg plastic, diapit oleh

bungkusan-bungkusan daging seuk...

[3,] Evidence "( SP5 c"n:r)s the :ndin as she said

8+elepas itu, ketua pasukan bagitahu tuuan kedatangan. :ami buat

pemeriksaan atas lori. :ami umpa rokok dalam bakul ; beg plastik,

diapit oleh daging seuk beku.

[3-] *ens reareuires 0r""( "( 6n"!8ede. It is sett8ed that

6n"!8ede c"u8d n"t e 0r"ven / direct evidence ut /

in(erence (r") surr"undin circu)stances and that c"nduct is

hih8/ )ateria8 ("r 0ur0"ses "( dra!in an in(erence "n

6n"!8ede &see C, P L% 9: PP ;1(


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urning to the acts o the present instance, we agree with the learned

trial udge that the method employed to bring the drugs in


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,$,+ $,+ # .+> $, ', % 9'!

[$1] C"unse8 ("r the de(ence su)its that the raidin tea) sei=ed

, cart"ns &,4 0ac6ets' "( R"6"6 2"hn Putih. H"!ever "n8/ %+

0ac6ets !ere eDhiited in C"urt i)08/in "ne 0ac6et "( R"6"6

Putih 2"hn (r") eDhiit ?P6*@!ent )issin. Hence there is a

rea6 in the chain "( evidence.

[$3] The 7e(ence su)its that a si)08e ca8cu8ati"n ased "n

SPA evidence sh"!s that a 0ac6et "( R"6"6 2"hn !ent )issin

and the ca8cu8ati"n is as ("88"!s

$, 0ac6ets P6 *> r"uht t" C"urt / SP1 the st"re6ee0er.

3 0ac6ets P16> !ithdra!n (r") the st"re and sent ("r che)ica8

ana8/sis.

34 0ac6ets P36> !ithdra!n (r") the st"re and sent t" Le)ah Sari Sdn

Bhd

[$$] The aru)ent has its r""t in the discre0anc/ et!een the

evidence "( the st"re6ee0er &SP1' and the evidence "( the

investiatin "cer &SPA'. SP1 !h" r"uht ?P6 *@ t" the

C"urt states that there are 5 cart"ns &54 0ac6ets' "( R"6"6 2"hn

Putih !hereas SPA states that ?P6 *@c"nsists "( $ cart"ns and, 0ac6ets &"r $, 0ac6ets' "( R"6"6 2"hn Putih.

[$5] On )/ "!n )"ti"n I 0ers"na88/ )ade 0h/sica8 c"untin "(

?P6 *@!hich !as tendered t" the C"urt. It is neither 5 cart"ns

1$

%

14

1%


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&54 0ac6ets' as said / SP1 n"r $, 0ac6ets as said / SPA. The

0h/sica8 c"untin sh"!s that the actua8 uantit/ "( P, &a' is $-

0ac6ets and c"nseuent8/ there sh"u8d e chane t" the

ca8cu8ati"n as ("88"!s

3) '>$# P6 * - .+%",$ $% C%"+$ . SP1 $,

#$%+>+:

3 0ac6ets P16> !ithdra!n (r") the st"re and sent ("r che)ica8

ana8/sis.

34 0ac6ets P36> !ithdra!n (r") the st"re and sent t" Le)ah Sari Sdn

Bhd

[$%] Bein s" there is n" )issin 0ac6et as c8ai)ed / the

7e(ence and acc"rdin8/ it is )/ :ndin that there is n" rea6 in

the chain "( evidence as a88 the sei=ed ite)s !ere 0r"0er8/

r"uht and )ar6ed as eDhiits e("re the C"urt.

,$,+ I%# 7%+>+ &"#$ . '55 $% 9

9'!

[$,] EDistence "( an Ind"nesian !"r6er !as 0ut t" the

0r"secuti"n !itnesses. The raidin tea) &SP$ SP5 and SP%'

denied 0resence "( this Ind"nesian !"r6er and re(uted the (act

that the said !"r6er !as in an/!a/ s0"tted !hat )"re arrested

"n the da/ !hen the accused !as detained.

15

%

14

1%


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[$-] SP- "!ns Perniaaan ;un Sen !hich is the usiness "(

i)0"rtin )eat is the e)08"/er "( the accused. He "!ns the

8"rr/. It is a8s" a (act that SP- is r"ther in 8a! t" the accused.

[$A] In his evidence SP- t"8d the C"urt that he is runnin a

usiness "( i)0"rtin )eat and he has "ne Ind"nesian e)08"/ee

!h" is assined t" ta6e care "( his st"re. This Ind"nesian !"r6ers

dai8/ r"utine starts ear8/ in the )"rnin !here he !i88 8"ad the

8"rr/ at the st"re acc")0an/ the accused t" Pasar B"r"n and

un8"ad the ""ds !hen the/ reach Pasar B"r"n. *cc"rdin t"

SP- the accused r"8e is 0ure8/ as a driver. ?hen he !as as6ed

a"ut the !herea"uts "( this Ind"nesian u/ SP- si)08/ said he

d"es n"t 6n"!. He ad)itted that he !as neither at the scene

!hen the arrest "n the accused t""6 08ace n"r he !as sure

!hether this Ind"nesian !"r6er !as 0resent at the ti)e "( the

arrest.

[$+] *0art (r") evidence "( SP- there is n"thin t" suest there

is Ind"nesian !"r6er !as at the scene !hen the accused !as

arrested. SP- had n"t even na)ed this Ind"nesian !"r6er in his

evidence. It is )/ vie! that the there is n" dut/ "n the 0art "( the

0r"secuti"n t" ca88 this Ind"nesian !"r6er !h"se na)e and

!herea"uts are un6n"!n. This !i88 e discussed in a reater

8enth 8ater at the end "( the de(ence case.

[54] On an"ther n"te the eDistence "( this Ind"nesian u/ !as

rie/ intr"duced durin the 0r"secuti"n case. T" )/ )ind it

d"es n"t neate )/ :ndin that the accused !as c"nve/in

1%

%

14

1%

34

3%


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0r"hiited ""ds "n the da/ he !as arrested and he had

6n"!8ede "( d"in s".

[51] *t the end "( 0r"secuti"ns case I direct )/ )ind t" the test

s0e8t "ut in PP v. Moh %( /' %k%$ [2006] 1 CLJ 457

ask yoursel the 5 a.) he !i88 e headin t" Pasar B"r"n

2en6a !ith an Ind"nesian !"r6er &Fuda6 Ind"n'. He !i88 ta6e his

c"#ee !hen he reaches Pasar B"r"n 2en6a and 8ater ta6e his

1,

%

14

1%

34


17/33

rest and na0 unti8 it is a"ut A.44 a.). *(ter that he !i88 drive ac6

t" the st"re !ith the Ind"nesian u/ 0ut ac6 the 6e/ and 8eave

("r h")e. In his state)ent there are three !"r6ers e)08"/ed /

S/ari6at Perniaaan ;un Sen "ne Ind"nesian !"r6er "ne *tan

&S73' and he hi)se8(. The Ind"nesian !"r6er 8ives at the st"re

!here the 8"rr/ 6e/ is 6e0t and he is 6n"!n as F2ac6. The

accused 6ee0s e)0hasi=in that his r"8e is "n8/ as a driver since

the Ind"nesian !"r6er has n" drivin 8icense. He t"8d the C"urt

that !hen he reaches Pasar B"r"n he !"u8d 8eave the 8"rr/ !ith

the 6e/ inside it e("re ta6in his c"#ee 8eavin 2ac6 t" un8"adthe ""ds (r") the 8"rr/.

[55] On the da/ he "t arrested he !as d"in his dai8/ r"utine as

)enti"ned a"ve eDce0t !hen he !ent ac6 (r") havin his

c"#ee he ("und the 8"rr/ !as surr"unded / the Cust") Ocers

!h" t"8d hi) that there are ciarettes in the 8"rr/. He said he has

n" idea a"ut the eDistence "( the ciarettes in the 8"rr/. He !as

r"uht / a Cust") Ocer t" a c"#ee sh"0 t" sin a 8etter. He

ad)its that he sined a 8etter !hich is N"tice "( Sei=ure &P1A' and

he did s" &the sinin' "ut "( res0"nsii8it/ as driver "( the said

8"rr/. *t that 0"int "( ti)e he had n"t in("r)ed his e)08"/er

&SP-'. He said at that ti)e > 84tak sudah kosong, ada rasa takut.

He t"8d the C"urt that 2ac6 !as n"t seen "r ("und therea(ter.

[5%] He !as then r"uht t" 0"8ice stati"n and 8ater t" the

Cust") 7e0art)ent headuarter at uantan. His r"ther and his

1-

%

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18/33

e)08"/er ca)e t" ai8 hi) "ut and 2ac6 !as n"t there. He said he

had never seen ciarettes "n the 8"rr/.

[5,] 7urin cr"ss eDa)inati"n he ad)its that "nce in a !hi8e

a0art (r") ein driver he did ta6e care "( the sta88 at Pasar

B"r"n. He areed that he sh"u8d have ins0ect the 8"rr/ e("re he

starts drivin. He ad)its that he had never t"8d the investiatin

"cer an/thin a"ut the Ind"nesian !"r6er F2ac6. He had n"t

seen 2ac6 ever since. S")ethin !hich is )"re i)0"rtant he

ad)itted that unti8 the da/ he testi:ed in C"urt he had never

r"uht u0 an/thin a"ut 2ac6.

[5-] *du8 ha8id Bin *du88ah &S73' is a !"r6er !ith S/ari6at

Perniaaan ;un Sen. He is a8s" 6n"!n as *tan. He is in chare "(

se88in )eats at the sta88 at Pasar B"r"n 2en6a. In an"ther

!"rd he is c"88eaue t" the accused. He testi:es that the accused

r"8e is "n8/ drivin the 8"rr/. 2ac6 is in chare "( un8"adin the

""ds (r") the 8"rr/. ?hen he !as as6ed a"ut the arrest "( the

accused and 0resence "( the Cust") "cers he said he c"u8d n"t

reca88 !hat ha00ened "n that da/ as he !as us/ !ith the

cust")ers. He said "n8/ a(ter ha8( an h"ur he rea8i=ed that the

accused !as arrested and he had n" "00"rtunit/ t" snea6 a 0ee6

as he !as enaed !ith the cust")ers. *nd (r") that da/

there"n he had n"t seen 2ac6.

[5A] 7urin cr"ss eDa)inati"n S73 ad)its that he had n"t seen

the accused e("re the arrest t""6 08ace at the ti)e "( the arrest

t""6 08ace and a(ter the arrest t""6 08ace. He 6ne! a"ut the

1A

%

14

1%

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19/33

arrest a(ter ein t"8d / "thers. He had n"t seen 2ac6 "n the said

da/ th"uh he did sa! 2ac6 e("re that da/. ?hen 0ut t" hi)

!hether he !"u8d aree that he has n" 6n"!8ede "( !hat

ha00ened "n that da/ he eD0ressed his aree)ent. He t"8d the

C"urt that 2ac6 had een !"r6in ("r % t" , )"nths and 2ac6

sudden8/ disa00eared "n the da/ the arrest t""6 08ace.

[5+] Rid=uan Bin 9"hd ;us"( &S7$' is !"r6in at a :sh sta88 at

Pasar B"r"n 2en6a. His sta88 is side / side !ith the )eat sta88

!here S73 !"r6s. He 6ne! the accused ut n"t t"" c8"se. ?hen

as6ed a"ut 2ac6 S7$ testi:es that 2ac6 is an Ind"nesian !"r6er

!h" has een !"r6in ("r at S73s sta88 ("r % t" , )"nths. 2ac6 did

c")e t" Pasar B"r"n ever/ da/. T" his 6n"!8ede 2ac6 !as n"t

stati"ned at the sta88 ut rather in chare "( the 8"rr/ a#airs. On8/

a(ter three "r ("ur da/s S7$ !as t"8d / S73 a"ut the accused

ein arrested. 7urin cr"ss>eDa)inati"n he areed that he

neither see the accused n"r 2ac6 "n the da/ the accused "t

arrested. He 8ater ad)itted that he ave di#erent ans!er !hen

as6ed ear8ier that Fhe sa! th"se t!" that )"rnin ecause he

!as nerv"us.

SUBMISSION OF THE DEFENCE

[%4] It is su)itted that

a' The ear8ier su)issi"n "n rea6 in the chain "( evidence is

reitrated ("r there is a 0ac6et "( R"6"6 2"hn !ent )issin.

1+

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' There !as an Ind"nesian !"r6er 6n"!n as 2ac6 !h"

!"u8d e res0"nsi8e ("r 8"adin and un8"adin the 8"rr/

(r") the st"re and it is incu)ent u0"n the 0r"secuti"n t"

0r"duce this Ind"nesian !"r6er t" testi(/ in C"urt.

c' The accused had n" 6n"!8ede "( the ciarettes ein in

the 8"rr/ as he !as "n8/ driver "( the 8"rr/.

B+> ', % E9'

[%1] This !as discussed ear8ier at the end "( 0r"secuti"n case.

The a88eed )issin 0ac6et is n"t )issin as in )/ :ndin a"ve.

D"$ $% '55 J'> $, I%# 7%+>+ ,# #$'

[%3] The 7e(ence su)its that it is incu)ent u0"n the

0r"secuti"n t" 0r"duce this Ind"nesian !"r6er t" testi(/ in C"urt

and (ai8ure t" d" s" the C"urt sh"u8d inv"6e adverse in(erence

under sec 115 "( Evidence *ct 1+%4 aainst the 0r"secuti"n

case.

[%$] SP- is the :rst 0ers"n t" testi(/ that there !as an Ind"nesian

!"r6er !h" is !"r6in ("r hi). This Ind"nesian !"r6er !as

entrusted t" ta6e care "( the st"re and the 8"rr/. *(ter)ath the

arrest SP- had n"t seen the Ind"nesian !"r6er.

[%5] The accused in his evidence e8a"rated that the Ind"nesian

!"r6er 8ived at the st"re !h" !i88 acc")0an/ hi) t" Pasar

B"r"n and d" the 8"adin and un8"adin "( ""ds unt" and "ut "(

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the 8"rr/. He is the :rst 0ers"n t" na)e the Ind"nesian !"r6er as

2ac6.

[%%] *du8 ha8id Bin *du88ah *tan &S73' t"8d the C"urt that

2ac6 is his c"88eaue. 2ac6 !i88 c")e t" Pasar B"r"n !ith the

accused and his r"8e is t" 8"ad and un8"ad ""ds (r") the 8"rr/.

*cc"rdin t" hi) the accused !as Kust a driver. ?hen 0ut t" hi)

durin cr"ss eDa)inati"n he areed that he has n" idea !hat

ha00ened "n that ver/ )"rnin and he ad)itted he had n" idea

!h" 2ac6 is /et he said that 2ac6 d"es eDist.

[%,] Rid=uan Bin 9"hd ;us"( &S7$' testi:es that his sta88 is eside

S73s sta88. He 6ne! there !as an Ind"nesian !"r6er / na)e "(

2ac6 !h" !as in chare "( 8"rr/ a#airs "( the neih"urin sta88.

[%-] On this issue the 8a! as ("und in the case "(/"cont%$%

/m$o&& /nthon# v. P'"(c P$o&ec'to$ [1996] 1 CLJ 705

reuires the 0r"secuti"n t" chec6 "n !hether the a00e88ants

versi"n "( the (acts as the/ a00eared in his cauti"ned state)ent

is true "r (a8se. In that case the accused !as chared under sec

$+B "( 7aner"us 7rus *ct 1+%3. He c8ai)ed that he s"8d

6er"0"6 &0ra!n crac6ers' ("r a 8ivin that at the ti)e "( his arrest

he h"nest8/ e8ieved that he !as c"nve/in 6er"0"6 that he did

s" at the ehest "( a certain Che 9at ("r a (ee "( R9$44 !hich

had een 0aid and !as in his 0"c6et and that this )"ne/ !as

a)"nst the vari"us ite)s sei=ed / the 0"8ice. He !as c"nvicted

/ the tria8 2ude. The


22/33

n"t !ith"ut a!s it !as entire8/ c"nsistent !ith his cauti"ned

state)ent )ade t" the 0"8ice "n the da/ a(ter his arrest ("r in it

he had )enti"ned Che 9at and a te8e0h"ne nu)er !hich he

c8ai)ed !as Che 9ats ut he !as una8e t" ive Che 9ats

residentia8 address. H"!ever he had "#ered t" 8ead the 0"8ice t"

Che 9ats 08ace "( a"de ut the 0"8ice had n"t iven hi) the

"00"rtunit/ t" d" s".

[%A] Revertin ac6 t" the case e("re )e :rst8/ the accused

ad)itted that he had never t"8d the investiatin "cer an/thin

a"ut the Ind"nesian u/ F2ac6. The :rst ti)e he t"8d his st"r/

a"ut 2ac6 is !hen he t""6 u0 the stance and testi:ed under "ath.

[%+] Sec"nd8/ SP- did )enti"n a"ut the Ind"nesian !"r6er and

/et he is a 0r"secuti"n !itness. SP- had n"t na)ed this

Ind"nesian !"r6er and the 7e(ence had (u88est "00"rtunit/ t"

unvei8 the identit/ "r (urther 0articu8ars "( the Ind"nesian !"r6er

durin cr"ss eDa)inati"n t" discredit 0r"secuti"n case ut had

n"t d"ne s".


23/33

8/ do not %nd him (6W) to be a wholly dishonest witness

unworthy o any credit. / %nd no su5cient reason to reect the

whole o his evidence even though he was hostile to the deence.

he court can still rely on parts o his evidence i the 7ourt is

satis%ed that they are the truth.

We %nd that the learned trial udge?s treatment o 6W?s evidence as

correct in law. /t is evident rom that passage o the udgment, the

learned trial udge had not impeached the credit o 6W. @is evidence

will thus be assessed and weighed like that o any other witness,

although there may be doubts on the accuracy o his memory (see

*uthusamy v. A1BCD 1 EF+ C1 @7)./t the en o) the e)ence

c%&e- (t (& th'& "e)t ent($e"# to the t$(%" co'$t to m%ke % n(ng

on the ve$%c(t# o) th%t *(tne&& %n *hethe$ to *ho""# $eect o$

%cce!t (n !%$t the te&t(mon# o) th%t *(tne&& h%v(ng &een %n

he%$ h(m.(see v. an 7hye Goo ; "nor A1BHHD 1 EF+ 1C @7).

[,1] Based "n the case cited a"ve I acce0ted SP- evidence "n

the "!nershi0 "( the 8"rr/ and "n e)08"/)ent "( the accused in

his c")0an/. H"!ever his evidence as t" the Ind"nesian !"r6er

("r the sini:cant r"8e "( the !"r6er in ta6in care "( the st"re

!here the ""ds and 8"rr/ 6e/ are 6e0t /et the 8ac6 "( 0articu8ars

as t" the identit/ and the )/steri"us )anner "( his

disa00earance I a) una8e t" e8ieve that 0art "( SP- evidence.

[,3] Third8/ S73 and S7$ evidences are si)i8ar "n ("ur 0"ints.

The/ testi(/ that :rst there !as an Ind"nesian !"r6er / the

na)e "( 2ac6. Sec"nd 2ac6 had een !"r6in ("r , )"nths at

Perniaaan ;un Sen. Third he !as in chare "( the 8"rr/ and

("urth he sudden8/ disa00eared a(ter the accused "t arrested.

3$

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[,$] S73 !as d"ut(u8 !hether the accused is !"r6in !ith the

sa)e e)08"/er as hi). He !h" can e c"nsidered as c"88eaue t"

the accused c"u8d n"t reca88 !hat rea88/ ha00ened "n that da/ as

he !as us/ !ith the cust")ers. He areed that he had iven

di#erent ans!er durin eDa)inati"n>in chie( &he did not see Gack

beore the arrest took place' and the "ne he ave durin cr"ss

eDa)inati"n &he did see Gack beore the arrest took place'. He

8ater areed that he has n" idea !hat ha00ened "n that ver/

)"rnin and he ad)itted he had n" idea !h" 2ac6 is ut insisted

that 2ac6 d"es eDist.

[,5] S7$ "n the "ther hand 6ne! a"ut the accused ein

arrested "n8/ a(ter three "r ("ur da/s and he neither sa! the

accused n"r 2ac6 "n the da/ the accused !as arrested. He even

ad)itted that he had n"t seen 2ac6 and the accused that )"rnin.

[,%] On the dut/ "( the 0r"secuti"n t" 0r"duce 2ac6 I )ust

distinuish the case "(/"cont%$%!ith this case. In/"cont%$%

the accused had t"8d a"ut Che 9at at the ear8iest "00"rtunit/ he

had and such !as rec"rded in his cauti"ned state)ent and the

P"8ice had (ai8ed t" chec6 its veracit/. He even "#ered t" 8ead the

0"8ice t" Che 9ats 08ace ut the 0"8ice had n"t iven hi) the

"00"rtunit/ t" d" s". In the 0resent case e("re )e the accused

had n"t t"8d the arrestin "cer neither the investiatin "cer

a"ut 2ac6. He ad)itted he :rst raised it !hen he testi:ed in

C"urt.

35

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[,,] On an"ther sc"re I d" n"t e8ieve that 2ac6 d"es eDist. SP-

did n"t na)e the Ind"nesian !"r6er !h" he entrusted !ith the

sa(e6ee0in "( the st"re the 8"rr/ and the 6e/. The accused had

n"t t"8d the investiatin "cer a"ut 2ac6 and he had d"ne s"

"n8/ !hen he "t int" the !itness stance. S73 and S7$ are n"t

credi8e !itnesses ("r t"" )an/ inc"nsistencies in their

evidences. *88 "( the) c"nc8uded their st"ries !ith )/steri"us

disa00earance "( 2ac6.

[,-] The de(ence is heavi8/ re8/in "n this 2ac6 and /et his

identit/ re)ains )/ster/ and he is n"!here t" e ("und. I re)ind

)/se8( the !"rds "( Sa)sudin Hassan 2C in the case "( o :'

;(n "*n Pen%k*% %#% [2013] 7 MLJ 293 !here His L"rdshi0

a0t8/ "served

idak ada sebii bukti sokongan pun yang boleh mengesahkan

pena%an perayu tersebut. erayu semata-mata menyalahkan ?"h Ioy?

melakukan kesemua kesalahan ini tetapi malangnya ?"h Ioy? tidak

dipanggil pun untuk memberi keterangan menyokong pena%an

tersebut. Iarang diingat prinsip yang diputuskan dalam

kes Ialachandran v ublic rosecutor AJJ2D *EG J1 bahawa 8while

one is the legal burden on the prosecution to prove its case beyond

reasonable doubt the other is the evidential burden on the accused to

raise a reasonable doubt...

E5&$ % >%75

[,A] The 7e(ence su)itted that the 0r"secuti"n had (ai8ed t"

0r"ve 6n"!8ede "n the 0art "( the accused. This had een

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e8a"rated ear8ier at the end "( 0r"secuti"n case and I :nd

n"thin t" dis0r"ve such :ndin at the end "( de(ence case.

HETHER THE DEFENCE HAD SUCCESSFULL RAISED A

REASONABLE DOUBT!

[,+] I direct )/ )ind t" the 0r"0"siti"n 8aid d"!n in PPv. +aimin

; 4rs A1BC1D 1 EF+ 112 !here Shar)a 2 "served

" reasonable doubt must be a doubt arising rom the evidence or want

o evidence and cannot be an imaginary doubt or conecture unrelated

to evidence.

[-4] It is )/ :ndin that the 0r"secuti"n had success(u88/ )ade

"ut a 0ri)a (acie case. T" !in his acuitta8 it is incu)ent u0"n

the accused t" cast a reas"na8e d"ut t" the 0r"secuti"n case.

[-1] The accused is the "ne !h" intr"duced 2ac6 durin the tria8

and had n"t revea8ed an/thin a"ut 2ac6 durin investiati"n. He

(ai8ed t" c"nvince the C"urt that 2ac6 is n"t a )ere i)ainar/

character. He then 8a)ed the 0r"secuti"n ("r n"t rinin 2ac6 t"

testi(/.

[-3] In c"nsiderin !hether the accused had cast a reas"na8e

d"ut t" the 0r"secuti"n case I :nd the ("88"!in eDcer0t "( M%t

v P'"(c P$o&ec'to$ [1963] 1 MLJ 263is re8evant t" this case

/ you do not accept or believe the accused?s e&planation, do not

convict but consider the ne&t steps below.

(a)

3,

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(b)

(c)

(d) / you do not accept or believe the accused?s e&planation and thate&planation does not raise inyour mind a reasonable doubt as to his

guilt K Conv(ct.

[73] In the result, having considered the veracity of the witnesses in the

light of the case as a whole and for the reasons I have given, I a satisfied

!eyond any reasona!le dou!t that the accused is guilty of the offence as

charged.

SENTENCING

[7"] In his itigation, the accused #leas are$

i% &e is arried, with 3 children aged 6, 3 and a new!orn.

ii% &is wife is not wor'ing.

iii% &e is 37 years old.

iv% (his is his first offence.

v% &e see's that only a inial fine to !e i#osed.

[75] (he #rosecution see's heavy sentence to !e i#osed and su!its)

i% (he offence is a serious offence.

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ii% (he nu!er of offences related to suggling of illegal cigarettes

increases !y 63* in +0+.

iii% -ro une / ece!er +0+, there were 16 arrest cases on

activity of selling illegal cigarettes.

iv% 2uch illegal activity had caused RM+ !illions of loss in ters of

ta to the country.

v% (he 4overnent had i#osed 7+* ta on cigarettes and later

increased it to +50* with a iniu #rice of RM7.00 #er #ac'et

of cigarette. 2uch was done to cur! so'ing ha!it aong

Malaysian citiens. onetheless, the ste#s ta'en are !ound to

fail since there are chea#er alternatives. #ac'et of illegal

cigarettes is sold at far ore chea#er #rice, which is !etween

RM+.50 / RM3.00.

vi% In !alancing interest of the #u!lic and seriousness of the

offence, the #rosecution see's a deterrent sentence to !e

i#osed.

vii%In the light of the seriousness of the offence, #rosecution see's

that aiu fine together with a custodial sentence to !e

i#osed, so it will deter others and at the sae tie, sending

the right essage to the #u!lic at large that the offence is a

serious one.

DECISION

3A

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[76] -irst and foreost, I should consider the #u!lic interest. (he

sentence ust not only reha!ilitative to the accused !ut also deterring the

#u!lic fro coitting the sae in the future 8see R v. Ball 35 Cr. App R

164%. (he courts do not have to reflect #u!lic o#inion. 9n the other hand

courts ust not disregard it. :erha#s the ain duty of the court is to lead

#u!lic o#inion 8see Reg V Sargeant [1974] 60 Cr App R 74%

[77] (he accused is this case claied trial, thus disentitle hi ;3 discount

held in Mohame A!"llah Ang S#ee $ang v. %"!l&' %ro(e'"tor [19)7]

* C+, 405.

[71] eand of chea#er cigarettes is always there, thus activities of

selling illegal cigarettes is #rofita!le. (he iniu fine #rovided !y the law

is RM50,000 or 0 ties of the value of the seied ites, whichever is

higher. I ust ta'e udicial otice that it is not an easy tas' to a##rehend

individuals involved in this 'ind of activity. (his is evident !y the fact that the

raiding tea 82:3, 2:" and 2:5% in this case had sacrificed their tie and

waited at the side of2a8an U8u 2e)0"8>Bandar Tun Ra=a6 at "dd h"urs

"( 1.$4 a.). and the accused 0assed that r"ad at 5.$4 a.).


30/33

In R v. Mar#&' [1953] 37 Cr App R 1*5,


31/33

berkesan dijatuhkan, tetapi apabila menjatuhkan hukuman, jelas sekali kelihatan

bahawa Majitret atau Hakim berkenaan teragak-agak untuk menjatuhkan

hukuman yang benar-benar berat dan bersifat pencegah. Dalam lain perkataan,

apa yang mereka katakan dalam alasan penghakiman mereka itu adalah rhetoric

atau lip service semata-mata. ikap begini mestilah dihapuskan.

[1] fter considering the itigation ade !y the accused, the su!ission

of the #rosecution and the #rinci#les of sentencing adu!rated a!ove, I a

of the view that co!ination of custodial sentence and fine is a##ro#riate

for this case. (hus the accused is accordingly convicted and I order that)

% (he accused is to !e i#risoned for a ter of 3 onths fro the date

of his conviction.

+% -ine of RM75,05".00 8RM5,003.60 5% to !e i#osed and in the

default of the #ayent, the accused is to !e i#risoned for a ter of

+ onths.

3% (he seied ites 8including the lorry% to !e forfeited in accordance

with section +7 8% of the =usto ct ?67.

[1+] (he offender see's stay of eecution of the whole sentence and gives

underta'ing to the =ourt to file otice of ##eal.

$1

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[0+] I allow the offender@s a##lication for stay of eecution of the custodial

sentence only, with security set at RM+0,000 with one surety, in

accordance with section 3 of =riinal :rocedure =ode.

nd I so order.

ated "th of #ril +0"

MUHAMMAD NOOR FIRDAUS BIN ROSLI

Seni"r *ssistant Reistrar

Su"rdinate C"urt "( 9a8a/a

uantan Pahan

("cting as *agistrate,

*agistrate 7ourt o *aran

adang 6arul *akmur)

C"unse8 ("r Tuan 9"hd hairuddin Niesha Bin 9"hd

Sha(ee

the Pr"secuti"nM Bahaian Penuat6uasaan

2aatan asta) 7iRaKa 9a8a/sia Neeri

Pahan

Tin6at 1 ?is)a asta) 2a8an Ban6

3%-44 uantan

Pahan 7aru8 9a6)ur

$3

%


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