Presentation Marintek

8/8/2019 Presentation Marintek

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LNG as fuel for marine applicationexperiences / challenges

Per Magne Einang

Research Director

MARINTEK

www.marintek.com

CIMAC Circle NorShipping 2009


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Natural gas as fuel for ships - experience

The first LNG ferry Glutra 2000

Two Supply Vessels 2003

Two new supply vessels on order

Series of five LNG car ferries 2007

Ten new ferries on ordered

Three military vessels on order


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Bergensfjord In service January 2007


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LNG ferry Bergensfjord

Main dimensions and capacities: Overall length 130 m

Breath 19 m

Draught max 4, 6 m

Cars (pcu) 212

Passengers 590

Service speed 21 knots

LNG storage: 2 x 125 m

3

LNG

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Bergensfjord General arrangements

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Bergensfjord - Gas engines installed

Rolls-Royce K-type

Lean Burn gas engines

2 KVGS 16G4 3535 kW each

2 KVGS 12G4 2650 kW each

Total power installed: 12370 kW


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0

0,1

0,2

0,3

0,4

g/kWh

MDO 1% S natural gas

0

2

4

6

g/kWh


SO2

Particulates

Exhaust emission -Natural gas vs MDO

Source: Rolls-Royce Marine 0

6

12

18

g/kWh


0

200

400

600

800

g/kWh


CO2

NOx

Sulphur emission is eliminated

Particulate matters is close to zero

CO2 is reduced by 26%Due to unburned methane the net reductionof greenhouse gases is somewhat lower

NOx is reduced by 80-90%


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The LNG ferry at berth


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LNG bunkering station at ferry berth

Capacity bunkering station:

2x 500m3

LNG

LNG transferred by pump

Filling time for the large

LNG ferries about two

hours

Refuelled every third night


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Bunkering LNG ferry


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R&D program LNG fuelled ships (2006-08)Example RoRo Freight ship (fixed rout in Baltic sea)

Requirements from ship operator:

Same classification of engine room as for diesel or HFO operation

Mechanical drive

Increased building cost should be justified by lower operating cost (meainglower fuel cost and tax reduction, avoid exhaust gas cleaning)

Cost level (preliminary)

Building cost Heavy fuel operation: about 25 mill

Additional cost for LNG propulsion (gas only): about 2 mill (+8%)


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LNG powered RoRo freight ship (gas only)

Two ships under construction for delivery in 2010-11


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Rules and regulations - Gas fuelled ships

Examples from the IMO work Provisions for gas fuelled ships

Different engine room arrangements

Inherently safe engine room Double piping to gas engine

No special requirements

ESD (Emergency Shut Down) protected engine room

Minimum two separate engine rooms

Redundant systems

Increased ventilation

Gas detection

Minimum of ignition sources


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Main Gas engineRolls Royce B35:40V12P-G marine

Arrangement with double walled piping on main gas supply and pre-chamber gas

Gas dangerous area


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Gas dangerous area


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Main gas engineRolls-Royce Bergen B35:40 V 12Spark ignited lean-burn gas engine

Rolls-Royce Bergen

Gas engine B35:40-V12

Power: 5250 kW

Efficiency: 48%

NOx: 1,2 g/kWh

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7

9

11

13

15

17

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Engine Load [%]

Spec.ener

gycons.

[MJ/kWh]

Generator load

Propeller load

Mechanical vs electric driveLean Burn gas engine

Thermal efficiency:

Power output/fuel input kWh/9 MJ 103

W3600s/9*106

Ws3600/9000*100% 40%

Based on measured data from Rolls-Royce Bergen


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New concepts and design

Four small costal bulk carries

designed or considered

Two oil product tankers designed

or considered

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Development of a new LNG storage system (IMO A tank)


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Development of a new LNG storage system (IMO A tank)Design of 450 m3 LNG fuel tank with complete secondary barrier


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What about availability of LNG and price?

Small scale receiving terminals in Norway (2006)


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Small scale receiving terminals in Norway (2006)

Receiving LNG terminals LNG receiving terminals in

operation (read) and underconstruction (blue)

Total number of 26 terminals Wide span in size

100m3 - 3500m3 LNG

Source of LNGLocal production (marked P)

Karmy 20000 ton/year

Kollsnes1 40000 ton/year

Kollsnes2 80000 ton/year

Tjelbergodden 10000 ton/year

Total 150000 ton/year


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Small receiving terminal at an aluminum plant

LNG ship 1000m3 LNG

G N LNG l 2 f 2009


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Gasnor New LNG vessel 2. quarter of 2009


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Lyse gasLNG i RisavikaStavanger

Capasity (train 1) 300 000 Ton/year (train 2 300 000 ton/year)

Starting 4. quarte 2010 (train 1)


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Nordic LNG (Lyse Gas and Skaugen)

Logistic solutions with ships

6 multi gas (LNG, Ethylene, LPG) carriers of 10 000 cbm and two of 12 000 cbm


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Price level LNG vs Marin Diesel Oil (MDO)

LNG and MGO prices vs Crude oil price on energy basis

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Brent crude oil price [$/barrel]

Fuelp

rices[$/ton]

LNG small scaleLNG import Japan

MGO market price

At high crude oil price LNG has a significant price margin to

Marin Diesel Oil (MDO)

S i


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Summing up

Natural gas (LNG) as fuel is an alternative for low emissionsin short sea shipping

Gas engine and LNG technology are available

LNG as fuel can compete with Marin Diesel Oil not with Lowsulphur heavy fuel

LNG fuelled ships will have a higher building cost due to theLNG storage and bunkering system

Competitiveness can be improved by reduction of costsrelated to the LNG system

Reduction in the level of cost is possible due to simplifying

rules and regulations, general product developments andcompetition

LNG is available today from small scale production plants.Small LNG ships can take LNG from import terminals


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Tank you for your attention

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