KNOWLEDGE IN THE HEAD AND KNOWLEDGE IN THE WORLD

SABIHA NOOR OVIId# 111014013

Introduction

Knowledge in the head and knowledge in the world concepts introduced by Don Norman in his classic book, ” The Design of Everyday Things ” . Knowledge in the head or internal knowledge . If we examine how people use their memories and how the retrieve information .

Information In The World

Information are available in the world.

Great Precision Not Required

Precision refers to how well experiment knowledge and values agree with each other multiple test . People can remember enough to distinguish one familiar coin from another although the may be unable to remember the face , picture and words on the coins . But make more precise memory necessary and you get havoc .

The Power Of Constraints

Embrace limitation and boundaries as a source of inspiration . Accepting constraints , they can morph into useful forms that open up new possibilities, spurring creativity.

The Conspiracy Against Memory

It is possible to memorize one or two secrets a combination of password to open the Door. But memory fails when the numbers of secrets code gets too large. There seems to be a conspiracy.

The Structure Of Memory

Human memory is essential to keep knowledge in the head. If we examine that how human memory works the we will discover a number of categories.

Three are important for us and they are.

1# Memory for arbitrary things.2# Memory for meaningful relationship.3# Memory through explanation.

Memory For Meaningful Relationship

• Most things in the world have a sensible structure, which tremendously simplifies the memory task. When things make sense, they correspond to knowledge that we already have, so the new material can be understood, interpreted, and integrated with previously acquired material.

Natural Mappings

User-Centered-Design

User-centered design (UCD) is a type of user interface design and a process that contain the needs, wants, and limitations of end users of a product are given extensive attention in the each stage of the design process.

Importance Of User-Centered-Design

• we can see that the user-centered design process can help software designers to fulfill the goal of a product engineered for their users. It is all about user friendly.

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