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Yukinobu WATANABE
Department of Advanced Energy Engineering Sciences,
Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences,
Kyushu University
2018 Symposium on Nuclear Data TIT, Nov. 29-30, 2018
Progress of Nuclear Data Research in the
ImPACT Program on Reduction and Resource
Recycling of High-level Radioactive Wastes
through Nuclear Transmutation (ImPACT藤田プログラムにおける核データ研究の成果)
Content
2
Introduction: Outline of the ImPACT Fujita program
Progress of Nuclear Data Research
1) Project-2: Measurement of nuclear reaction data
2) Project-3: Nuclear reaction model, evaluation, and simulation
JENDL/ImPACT-2018 & NData (or FragData) for PHITS
Summary and Conclusion
ImPACT Program
3
ImPACT : Impulsing PAradigm Change through disruptive Technology
by Cabinet office, Japanese Government
Program Manager (PM): Dr. Reiko Fujita (Former president of AESJ)
Funding Period : JFY2014 to JFY2018 (5 Years)
“A program through which the Council for Science, Technology and Innovation
(総合科学技術・ イノベーション会議), the body that serves as the government's
command center for innovation policy, will encourage high-risk, high-impact
R&D, and aim to realize a sustainable and expandable innovation system.”
One of the 16 adopted programs:
Reduction and Resource Recycling of High-level
Radioactive Wastes through Nuclear Transmutation
(核変換による高レベル放射性廃棄物の大幅な低減・資源化)
From http://www.jst.go.jp/impact/en/intro.html
Current Disposal Future
Partitioning and Nuclear transmutation are necessary for Resource
Recycling and Reduction of the waste volume
Reprocessing Plant
Storage Facilities
Vitrified
wastes
Even-Odd
Separation
Accelerator
Development
Technology Development in ImPACT Program
ImPACT Program
4
by laser technique
Long-Lived Fission Products(LLFPs)
5
Ref.) K. Nishihara et al., JAEA-Data/Code 2010-012 (2010) PWR Fuel (Burn-up: 45GWd/tHM)
5 yr-cooling
http://www.jst.go.jp/impact//hp_fjt/en/outline/index.html 6
Project 2 Overview
Project leader
Prof. Susumu Shimoura
(CNS, U. of Tokyo)
Measurement of nuclear reaction data
・Neutron Knockout(RIKEN)
・Fast neutron induced spallation(Kyushu U)
・Coulomb breakup(TIT)
・Negative muon capture reaction(RIKEN)
・Neutron capture(JAEA)
・Low-speed RI beam(U of Tokyo, RIKEN)
New nuclear reaction
control method
・Nuclear fusion(NIFS/Chubu U)
・Compact cyclotron(Osaka U)
・Muon(Kyoto U/JAEA)
Organization:
Major experimental facilities:
7
(d,xn)
Project 2 Overview
• Measurements of new basic reaction data for nuclear transmutation of LLFPs
• Demonstration test of nuclear transmutation
p- and d-induced reactions (20 to 200 MeV/u) in inverse kinematics
(n,g) reactions
negative muon capture reactions
(d,xn) reactions for neutron generation, e.g., Li(d,xn) at 200 MeV
energy
p/d induced reaction
n-induced reaction
m-induced reaction
20-30MeV/u
Statistical process Spallation
n-capture
m- -capture
200MeV/u
Isotope production
cross sections
eV - keV
stopped
@ANNRI
@MUSE
RCNP,
RAL
RCNP
RIKEN
OEDO@CNS
100MeV/u 6.7MeV/u Kyushu U
J-PARC
8
p/d induced reactions at 50 - 200 MeV/u (@RIBF)
Exp.-I (2015 Spring ) with ZeroDegree
107Pd (100, 200MeV/u)
135Cs, 93Zr (100MeV/u) Exp.-II (2015 Fall) with SAMURAI
79Se, 93Zr (110, 200MeV/u)
9Be + 238U@345MeV/u
Target :
- Exp.-I,III: C, CH2, CD2
- Exp.-III(50MeV/u): H2, D2 gas
@RIKEN RIBF
Exp.-I & III Identification of beam particles
Target
Liq.H2, D2 In-flight fission
Exp.-III (2016 Fall ) with ZeroDegree
93Zr, 107Pd (50 MeV/u), 126Sn(100,200MeV/u)
Exp.- II
Identification of
reaction products
9
RIKEN, TIT, U. Tokyo, Kyushu U, et al.
About 50 participants
p/d induced reactions at 50 - 200 MeV/u (@RIBF)
PID for Secondary Beam (BigRIPS) PID for Reaction Products (ZDS)
10
Ref.) S. Kawase et al., Phys. Theor. Exp. Phys. 2017, 093D03 (2017).
Exp.-I(2015 Spring ) with ZeroDegree
p/d induced reactions at 50 - 200 MeV/u (@RIBF)
Isotope production in 93Zr + proton reactions at 50, 105, and 209 MeV/u
Comparison with PHITS (INCL+GEM) calculation
Ref.) 105MeV: S. Kawase et al., Phys. Theor. Exp. Phys. 2017, 093D03 (2017).
209MeV: S. Kawase et al., Proc. of 2017 Symp. on Nuclear Data (2017).
209 MeV
105 MeV
50 MeV
11
Kyushu U
See Poster PA5
OEDO facility & Data @ 20-30 MeV/u
Development of energy degrading system with new ion-optical design
by using RF deflector (200 20 MeV/u)
Ref.) N. Imai, presented at 2017 Symp. on Nuclear Data, Tokai (2017)
p/d induced reactions at 20-30 MeV / (d,p) reaction as surrogate of (n,g) reaction
12
U. Tokyo, RIKEN, et al.
Talys cal.
OEDO
Neutron capture cross section@J-PARC
ANNRI (Accurate Neutron-Nucleus Reaction measurement Instrument)
LLFP targets (135Cs, (137Cs))
ANNRI
MLF @ J-PARC
Preliminary analysis of 135Cs:
Res.Energy E0=41.96 eV; Gamma width Gg=170 meV
Neutron width Gn=29.5 meV
Prelimi
nary
Neutron Energy (eV)
Cro
ssse
ction
(b)
135Cs
13
JAEA
Negative muon capture @ RCNP, J-PARC, RAL
m- capture followed by neutron(s) emission
@J-PARC MUSE facility
U. Tokyo, RIKEN, et al.
Measurement of branching ratio
to each Rh isotope
g-rays from produced unstable Rh isotopes
107Pd
14
(d,xn) reactions @RCNP & Kyushu U
Neutron production from deuteron induced reactions for the design of
neutron converter (e.g. Li )
Measurement of DDX from 200-MeV (d,xn) on Li, Be, C, Al, Cu, Nb, In, Ta, Au
Meaurement of Thick Target Neutron Yields from C, LiF, Si, Ni, Mo, Ta at 13.4 MeV
@RCNP
Analysis with DEURACS code Li “FragData” File for PHITS cal.
@Kyushu U
15
Kyushu U
See Poster PA6
http://www.jst.go.jp/impact//hp_fjt/en/outline/index.html 16
Project 3 Overview
Improvement of nuclear reaction theory (Osaka U and Tsukuba U)
Upgrading of experimental reaction database (Hokkaido U)
New nuclear data evaluation for LLFP (JAEA)
Simulation of nuclear transmutation with PHITS code (RIST)
Nuclear reaction &
structure theory
Project leader
Dr. Koji Niita (RIST)
Reaction theory modeling & simulation
・Reaction theory(Osaka U)
・Structure theory(U of Tsukuba)
・Nuclear data evaluation(JAEA)
・Nuclear reaction simulation(RIST)
・Nuclear data compilation(Hokkaido U)
Organization:
Experimental
data (PJ2) &
Existing data
from literatures
and EXFOR
Nuclear data
evaluation
Nuclear data
library
Transfer data to
PHITS through
FragData and
NData
Simulation of
nuclear reactions
in macroscopic
system with PHITS Compilation of
measured and
calculated data
Outline:
JENDL/ImPACT-2018
Systematics Deuteron sR (MWO systematics)
17
Development of a new nuclear data library
18
En < 20 MeV
IAEA/EXFOR (existing measurements)
Model-based estimation - Updates of phenomenology
- Microscopic nuclear theory
(level density,
g-ray strength function)
New measurements (RIBF/RIKEN)
CCONE code (phenomenology, completeness)
conventional + new approach
RIKEN/RIBF
New nuclear data library :
“JENDL/ImPACT-2018”
Nuclear data evaluation of LLFPs and neighboring nuclei
By courtesy of S. Kunieda (JAEA)
JAEA
JENDL/ImPACT-2018
• Incident particles: neutron and proton
• Energy range: proton 1 to 200 MeV (new eval.)
neutron 10-5 eV to 20 MeV (JENDL-4.0),
20 to 200 MeV (new eval.)
• Target nuclei: 163 nuclides
19
55Mn, 54,56,57,58Fe, 59,60Co, 58,60,61,62,63,64Ni, 63,65Cu,64,65,66,67,68,70Zn, 69,71Ga, 68,70,72,73,74,76Ge, 73,74,75As, 74,75,76,77,78,79,80,82Se, 79,81Br,
Se-group
(42)
78,80,81,82,83,84,86Kr, 83,85,87Rb, 84,85,86,87,88,90Sr, 88,89,91Y, 88,90,91,92,93,94,95,96Zr, 91,92,93,93m,94,95Nb,
Zr-group
(33)
92,93,94,95,96,97,98,99,100Mo,97,98,99Tc, 96, 97,98,99,100,101,102,103,104,105,106Ru, 101,102,102m,103Rh, 102,103,104,105,106,107,108,109,110Pd, 107, 108m,109Ag, 108Cd,
Pd-group
(40)
110,111Cd, 113In, 112,114,115,116,117,118,119,120,122,123,124,126Sn, 121,125Sb, 120,122,123,124,126,128Te, 125,127,129I, 124,126,127,128,129,130,131,132,134,136Xe, 133,134,135,136,137Cs, 130,132,133,134,135,136,137Ba,
Cs-group
(48)
long-lived (LLFP), stable, unstable, typical structural material, metastable
JENDL/ImPACT-2018
- Use of microscopic nuclear theory:
1) Level density
“Transitional” level density model Sum of spherical & deformed Fermi-gas LDs
Fix of the parameters with Finite-Temp. Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov (FTHFB) theory
2) g-ray strength function
Canonical-basis time-dependent Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov (Cb-TDHFB) model with the SkM* int.
107Pd + p (118, 196MeV)
Nuclear data evaluation based on the CCONE code that incorporates advanced
knowledge on nuclear structure theory and model-parameters determined on
the basis of the new experimental data taken at RIKEN/RIBF (by PJ2 group)
20
PHITS simulation with JENDL/ImPACT-2018
Simulation of nuclear reactions in a macroscopic system:
21
By courtesy of K. Niita (RIST)
Simple geometry: Cylinder Length = 1.1 x range,
R is fixed by the condition [ effective half-life is 3 year at 200 mA ]
Transmutation Energy E/h
E = Incident Energy of proton
h = Transmutation number / proton
I (Z=53)
135Cs + p
ー CCONE ー DEURACS
DEURACS for deuteron-induced reactions
Deuteron is the first priority for a primary beam in the IMPACT project.
→ Conventional codes (e.g. TALYS, CCONE) are NOT necessarily adequate for
deuteron-induced reactions.
DEURACS was applied to spallation reactions.
DEUteron-induced Reaction Analysis Code System
DEURACS can consider d-breakup processes. 93Zr + d @ 105 MeV/u
Mass number [-]
Cro
ss s
ection [
mb]
22
S. Nakayama et al., Phys. Rev. C 98, 044606 (2018).
CDCC
CCONE
Glauber model
By courtesy of S. Nakayama (JAEA)
FragData of d+ Li reactions for PHITS
23
Comp. of DEURACS calculation
and Exp. DDX of Li(d,xn)
TTNY for Li
Nuclear data for calculation of Thick Target Neutron Yields (TTNYs) from
a neutron converter composed of Li bombarded by deuterons
PHITS
d
n
RCNP
Exp. data
from PJ2
By courtesy of S. Nakayama (JAEA)
Present: PHITS with FragData
PHITS: Use of INCL + DWBA
+ GEM
Compilation of
DEURACS results
FragData
http://www.jst.go.jp/impact//hp_fjt/en/outline/index.html 24
Summary and Conclusion
25
Application-oriented nuclear data research that has been conducted in collaboration
between nuclear physics and nuclear engineering communities in Japan
Particularly, the first large-scale collaboration in cross section measurements
The world’s first measurement of cross section data for LLFPs using leading-edge
accelerator facilities (RIKEN/RIBF, J-PARC/MLF, etc.) Application of the inverse
kinematics method in RIBF to nuclear data measurement
Development of the evaluated nuclear data file “JENDL/ImPACT-2018” in close
collaboration between experiments and theory within a short period of time
Contribution to human resource development of young researchers and students
and personal exchange between nuclear physics and engineering communities
Outreach activities for future (See the next slides)
Impact of the ImPACT program (Fujita PM) on nuclear data research
Outreach in the field of nuclear physics (1)
26 By courtesy of Prof. T. Nakatsukasa (U. of Tsukuba)
http://wwwnucl.ph.tsukuba.ac.jp/InPACS/isotope/
University of Tsukuba
Outreach in the field of nuclear physics (2)
27
By courtesy of Prof. N. Imai (CNS, U. of Tokyo)
Development of Web GUI for analysis of the data taken in the ImPACT/RIBF
experiment at CNS, U. Tokyo
Functions:
- Plot
- Gate
- Fitting
- 1D gauss
- 2D gauss
- 2D prof
- Plot of result
User-registration is necessary
for utilization.
powered by
Python with ROOT
+ Bokeh libraries
Thank you for your attention
This work was funded by ImPACT Program of Council for Science, Technology and Innovation (Cabinet Office, Government of Japan).
28
https://www.jst.go.jp/impact//hp_fjt/news/20181202.html 29