Material structure (microstructure and microstructure)

Property of material

Physical property

Mechanical property

Chemical property

Electrical property

Magnetic property

Optical property

Thermal property

Physical properties result from the response of material to some environmental variable such as a mechanical force, temperature field, or an electromagnetic field.

A measure of a material‘s ability to carry or resits mechanical forces or stresses.

Stress results from such as forces as tension, compression, or shear, which pull, push, twist, cut, or in some way deform or change the shape of a piece of material.

Stress

Strain

Stress-strain diagram

Ultimate strength (tensile strength)

Resilience

Shear stress

Toughness

Ductility

Malleability

Fatigue strength

Torsional strength

Hardness

Mechanical properties

Stressis the resistance offered by a material to external forces or loads

is measured in terms of the force exerted per unit area

Is the amount of force (F) divided by the area (A) over which it acts.

When a load or force is applied to an object, we are unable to measure the stress

produced by this force in material, instead of ... Identify and measure the area over

which the force acts.

AFσ

Units: ponds per square inch; N/m2; Pa

Strain (unit deformation)- Deformation is the change in physical dimension due to loading with the froce (cf. Figure)

- The change in the length is called a total axial or longitudional deformation (long)

and the change in lateral dimension is known as total lateral deformation (lat)

- The ratio of the lateral unit deformation to the longitudional unit deformation is

known as Poisson‘s ratio,

dodod

lat

LoLoL

long

Longitudional unit deformation

Lateral unit deformation

long

lat

εεμ