Protecting life and property - nioec.com·راحي سيستم هاي اعلام... · 4021 guideline multi criteria detector ... trouble shooting can be done more ... Future Trends

1Siemens Building Technologies Version 1.0 Fire Safety

SRSO – CPD Seminar on 16 September 2004

Protecting Protecting

life life andand propertyproperty


Agenda

AFA Detector Technology- Evolution of fire detectors’ technology

- Prevent false alarm

- Influences on efficiency of installation / maintenance

- Future trends

Movies: reaction on different types of fire

AFA Control Panel / Network Technology- Evolution of Control Panel and Network Technology

- Integration with Building Management System

- Influences on efficiency of installation / maintenance

- Future trends


Agenda

Emergency Voice Evacuation System (EVAC) Technology- What is EVAC?

- How EVAC helps to evacuate during emergency situation?

- Differences between EVAC and PA system

Special Hazards Protection Technology- What is Linear Optical Heat Detection System?

- Tunnel protection using Linear Optical Heat Detection System

- Other application with Linear Optical Heat Detection System

Movie: Test tunnel fire demonstration

- New Dry Extinguishing agent : NOVEC 1230

Movie: Demonstrate the extinguishing effect with NOVEC 1230


Development of Fire

Flashover

Standard situation in fire science

FlashoverPrimary danger: heatPrimary danger: toxic and corrosive smoke


Evolution of Smoke Detector


Ionization Smoke Detector

Ionization detector requires the use of AM241 (Americium241) radioactive materials

Half life approximately 400 years

Local regulation to store, transport, disposal of radioactive materials -> manpower, resources

Improper handling can cause certain degree of danger to human beings and the environment

Contamination after fire occurrence


Optical Smoke Detector

Using Infrared LED transmits brief, intensive light pulses into the scattering chamber and smoke scatters the light beam.No harmful materialsEasy of maintenanceNew Internal design to avoid false alarm from Sunlight, Flashlight...


Multi-Sensors Smoke Detector - Smoke and Heat

Today’s market there are two main types:

1) Heat or smoke

Similar to install 2 detectors in same location

Each sensor has it’s own setting

2) Heat and smoke with special algorithms

Need combination of heat and smoke to activate alarm

Possible to switch off smoke detection during renovation work


Measuring of signals

Signal

Fluctuation

Output

Gradient

0 t


Signal processing of a Heat+Smoke detector

Sensor signals

Gradient

Typical sensor characteristics Analysis, interpretation, pattern comparison Result

Optical Sensor

Thermal Sensor

°C

%/ m

Output

Fluctuation

Algorithms

Smoke density development

Temperature development

Gradient

Output

Fluctuation

Alarm


Multi-Sensors Smoke Detector - Smoke and Heat and CO

3 independent sensors: optical, thermal, gas (CO)Sophisticated algorithms with consideration of heat, smoke and CO gasesFast Early fire warning and extreme imunityto false alarms at the same timeStandard: EN54-7, VdS G201'098 / CEA 4021 guideline multi criteria detector

Application fieldExtreme risk of lives or values (e.g. hospital)Unusually strong influence of deceptive phenemonasCombination of both


Wireless Smoke Detector

System features:• Optical detector with algorithm• 3-channel unidirectional signal transmission• Signal transmission >20m• Battery service life >5 years with backup• Up to 31 detectors with one receiver• Frequency range: 868-870MHz / 80x25KHz channels

Detector-Gateway

Smoke detector

Reasons for Wireless applications• Installations could spoil decor• High conventional installation costs• Unacceptable interruptions to work during installation• Upgrading for Hotel with all time protection

Typical application examples• Rooms of great historical value: Museums, old libraries, churches etc.• Other applications: Hotel rooms, board offices, congress rooms


Wireless Smoke Detector Network

Fire Control Unit

wired detectors

loop powered radio gateways

optical wireless smoke detectors


Special Detectors

Linear Smoke Detector

- Infrared technology for high ceiling application

Air Sampling Smoke Detector

- Infrared and Laser technology for clean-room, strong air current and fast reaction application

Laser Point Type Detector

- Laser technology with very fast response point type detector, similar application with Air Sampling Smoke Detector

CO Detector

- Detect pure CO for smoke detection, application for hospital...


Special Detectors

EX Type Smoke Detector

- For use in intrinsic area, application such as fuel storage room……

Flame Detector

- Infrared and UV technology to detect flaming fire, typical application for aircraft hanger, oil and gas facilities...


Overview Detector Performance

high

low

invisible

heat only

dark Type of smoke white

no heatTemperature variation

6 1 5 4 3 2

EN-Test fire

No.

rela

tive

sen

siti

vity

DOT DO

DOTE

DLO

DF


Influences on efficiency of Installation and Maintenance

Installation

With latest software addressing method, common detector base ispossible

With latest digital communication, normal cable can be used

With wireless technology, less cable and conduit installation

Maintenance

With Optical technology, easier in testing and maintenance

With software addressing, virtually no maintenance on detector base

With latest software technology, trouble shooting can be done more efficiently


Future Trends on Fire Detectors

More advance Wireless technology

Integrated with powerful sounder

Video smoke detection technology

Combination of different applications

Plug and Play

Remote testing

…..


Evolution of Control Panel and Network Technology

Conventional

Analogue

Addressable

Digital

Addressable

Free

Topology

Wireless


Type of Detection Bus Communication

Conventional

- 2 wires with EOL

- Old fashion design

- Break in line will affecting the full detection

Analogue Addressable

- Loop configuration

- Smoke density data transmit back to Control Unit

- Requires special type of cable due to massive data flow


Type of Detection Bus Communication

Digital Addressable

- Loop configuration

- Only alarm/fault signal will transmit back to control unit

- Less requirement on the cable

Free Topology

- Combination of loop and stub lines

- Easy to expand

- Prefect for upgrading

Wireless

- Transmission through radio waves

- Real time monitoring for alarm and fault


Type of Detection Bus Communication - Free Topology


Type of Control Unit Bus Communication

CUCU

RingCUCU CUCU

CUCUCUCUCUCU

HEHE

CUCU CUCU CUCU

HEHE

Star

CUCU

Peer to PeerCUCU CUCU

CUCUCUCUCUCU


From stand-alone to integrated solutions - Danger Management Station


Total building solution includes all disciplines

HVAC Primary Control

HVAC Individual Room ControlLighting Control

Power DistributionEnergy Data Evaluation

Management Station

Fire Detection

Intrusion DetectionAccess Control

Video surveillance

Voice Evacuation System

Gas Detection


Architecture of a multidisciplinary system

AlarmSystem

Video


•EDP centres•Bank HQ /Financial Institutions •Large Museums, Airports•Large University Hospitals•Pharmaceutical•University / College Campus•Shopping centres•Museums•Correctional Institutions

•local Bank Agency •Theme Parks •High risk industry•Power Plants

•Internet Server Farms

•Multinationals

•High tech. industry

•WAN networks of

Telecom Shelters

•Metro Railway Systems

•WAN networks of

Bank Agencies /Post offices

•Military shelters

Building Management Analysis: Customer requirements

Danger Management

Bui

ldin

g M

anag

emen

t

High end:• Energy optimisation• Facility management

Mid Segment:• Sophisticated

monitoring and control• Trend analysis

Low Segment:• Simple monitoring and

control

Medium risk:• Small-medium office buildings,

commercial centres, medium-low risk industries.

• No own service dedicated to emergency management, relies on ext. Services

High Risk / local:• Own specific organization for

safety and security. Often service manned h/24

• High risk industries, large office buildings with sensitive operations, financial institutions, large museums

High Risk / WAN:• several locations dispersed

over regional, national or even world-wide scale. Own WAN

• Own safety and security organization, at least one h/24 centre

• High tech industries, telecom’s, banks

•Large Office buildings

•Administration

•Large Hotels *****

•Small Hospitals

•Medium Office buildings

•Commercial centres

•small Hotels***

•small Office buildings

•low risk industry


•EDP centres•Bank HQ /Financial Institutions •Large Museums, Airports•Large University Hospitals•Pharmaceutical•University / College Campus•Shopping Centers•Museums•Correctional Institutions

•local Bank Agency •Theme Parks •High risk industry•Power Plants

•Internet Server Farms

•Multinationals

•High tech. industry

•WAN networks of

Telecom Shelters

•Metro Railway Systems

•WAN networks of

Bank Agencies /Post offices

•Military shelters

BM + DMFunctionality required

Building Management Analysis: Customer requirements

Danger Management

Bui

ldin

g M

anag

emen

t

High end:• Energy optimisation• Facility management

Mid Segment:• Sophisticated

monitoring and control• Trend analysis

Low Segment:• Simple monitoring and

control

Medium risk:• Small-medium office buildings,

commercial centres, medium-low risk industries.

• No own service dedicated to emergency management, relies on ext. Services

High Risk / local:• Own specific organization for

safety and security. Often service manned h/24

• High risk industries, large office buildings with sensitive operations, financial institutions, large museums

High Risk / WAN:• several locations dispersed

over regional, national or even world-wide scale. Own WAN

• Own safety and security organization, at least one h/24 centre

• High tech industries, telecom’s, banks

DM Functionality required

•Large Office buildings

•Administration

•Large Hotels *****

•Small Hospitals

•Medium Office buildings

•Commercial centers

•small Hotels***

•small Office buildings

•low risk industry

BM Functionality

required


Influences on efficiency of Installation and Maintenance

Installation

With free topology design, easy to expand the network

With digital communication, cable requirement reduces

With wireless technology, less cable and conduit installation

Maintenance

Trouble shooting can be done remotely with dial-up / LAN

The Control Unit has larger memory to record events

Danger Mangement System / Building Management System helps on regular maintenance


Future Trends on Control Unit and Network Communication

Detection bus with integrated power for addressable horns

Higher capacity for each detection bus

No polarity needed for the detection bus

Plug and Play for the line modules

Control Unit equips with latest communication technology to other control unit, e.g. TCP/IP, WiFi IEEE 802.11 b/g…..

Control Unit equips with latest technology for programming, e.g. Bluetooth, USB….

Common protocol for high level interface - BACnet, OPC, Modbus...

Web based Management Station

…..

Documents

Protecting life and property - nioec.com·راحي سيستم هاي اعلام... · 4021 guideline multi criteria detector ... trouble shooting can be done more ... Future Trends