Qiimeyn Deg-deg ah oo lagu sameeyay saamaynta cudurka safmarka ah ee COVID-19 uu ku leeyahay Haweenka Soomaaliyed ee Hormuudka ka ah Ganacsiyada Yar Yar.

1.0Hordhac

Bishii Abril ee sannadka 2020ka, Wasaaradda Haweenka iyo Horumarinta Xuquuqda Aadanaha ee Dawladda Federaalka Soomaaliya waxaa ay qiimeyn deg-deg ah ku samaysay saamaynta uu cudurka safmarka ah ee COVID-19 ku yeeshay haweenka ku leh ganacsiyada yar-yar magaalada Muqdisho. Qiimeynta waxaa la sameeyay waqti dadaaal raashin qaybin lagu jiray. Haweenka diiradda la saaray waxaa ka mid ahaa kuwa khaadka ku iibsha suuqa, haweenka suuqa ku gada dharka la isticmaalay (Huudheey), haweenka caanaha iyo shaaha gada, iyo haweenka waratada ah ee jidadka Muqdisho ku gada nac-naca, xanjada iyo waxyaalaha mac-macaan si ay uga helaan quutal daruurigooda.

Haweenka Soomaaliyeed waxay ku hawlan yihiin ganacsiga aan rasmiga ahayn iyo shirkadaha yar yar, laakiin waxay sidoo kale door ka ciyaaraan wax soo saarka beeraha iyo xoolaha.1 Haweenka ku nool Soomaaliya waxaa lagu qiyaasaa inay ka badan yihiin 60% milkiilayaasha ganacsiga.2 Inta badan ganacsatada ay haweenku leeyihiin waa shirkado yaryar. Haweenku waa kuwa quutal-daruuriga u soo rida qoysaska intooda badan, iyaga oo keena 70% dakhliga qoysaskaas celcelis ahaan.3 Qoysaska ay haweenku madax ka yihiin qeybta ay haweenku ka keenaan dakhligoodu way ka sii sarraysaa intaas. Taariikhda iska horimaadka Soomaaliya darteed, qoysaska intooda badan waxaa hadda hoggaamiya haween – taasina way sii kordhaysaa marba marka ka dambeysa.

Dhibaatada muuqata ee cudurka safmarka ah ee COVID-19 iyo tallaabooyinka xaddidaada dhaqdhaqaaqa ee ka dhashay - waxay khatar aad u weyn ku yihiin ku lug lahaanshaha haweenka ee howlaha dhaqaalaha ee Soomaaliya. Haweenka intooda badani waxay ka shaqeeyaan shaqooyinka aan rasmiga ahayn, kuwaas oo u keenaya khatarro gaar ah. Saamaynta dhaqaale ee dhibaatadu waxay sii kordhineysaa farqiga u dhexeeya lab iyo dheddig ee hab-nololeedyada bulshooyinka Soomaaliyeed isla markaana waxaa ay wiiqaysaa awood-siinta haweenka. Saamaynta xun ee ka qeybgalka haweenka ee dhaqaalaha ayaa sidoo kale baabi’in doonta caafimaadka iyo daryeelka qoysaska iyo bulshada Soomaaliyeed gaar ahaan maadaama ay haweenku hadda yihiin hoggaamiyeyaal madax ka ah qoysaska badankooda.

1

1 The World Bank (2017) ‘Somali Poverty Profile: Findings from Wave 1 of the Somali High Frequency Survey’, Washington, DC.

2 UNDP (2012) ‘The Role of Somali Women in the Private Sector’, UNON Publishing Services, Nairobi.

3 Ibid.

2

2.0Qiimeynta Astaamaha Bulshada

Wareysiyada lala yeeshay 42 haween ee lagu sameeyay qiimeyntan ayaa shaaca ka qaaday in badankood ay waxbarashadoodu aad u liidato. Haweenka intooda badan ma ahayn kuwo wax qora ama akhriya, iyadoo 40.5% ka mid ah ay muujiyeen inay yihiin kuwa wax ku qori kara luqadda Soomaaliga oo keliya. Haweenkaas qaarkood waxay ka barteen sida wax loo akhriyo carruurtooda oo iyagu wax barta. Kuwa kale waxay ku jawaabeen inay iyagu is bareen qaar ka mid ah xirfadaha qorista sababta oo ah waxaa uu ganacsigoodu u baahnaa inay diraan farriimaha qoraalka ah ee moobaylka.

Marka la eego da’da, 42.8% haweenku waxay da’doodu u dhaxaysay 35-44 sano, 31% waxay da’doodu u dhaxaysay 25 iyo 34 sano, halka 26.2% ay da’doodu u dhaxaysay 45 iyo 48 sano, sida ku cad Shaxda 1aad.

Intii lagu guda jiray colaadaha, haweenku waxay qoysaskooda u noqdeen kuwa soo rida quutal-daruuriga. Haweenku hadda waxay madax ka yihiin kala bar guud ahaan qoysaska Soomaalida. Tani waliba waa mid sii kordhaysa.1 Duruuftan haddaba, ka qeybgalka haweenka ee dhaqaaluhu maahan kaliya mid muhiim u ah xoojinta haweenka, laakiin sidoo kale waxa ay muhiim u tahay caafimaadka iyo daryeelka qoysaska iyo bulshada. Gargaarka iyo taageerada Wasaaraddu waxaa ay mudnaanta siisay in ay ka faa’ideystaan qoysaska ay haweenku madax u u yihiin. Runtii, kala bar haweenka ganacsatada ah ee diiradda la saaray (50%) waxaa ay ahaayeen haween carmal ah, 28.6% waxay ahaayeen kuwo saygoodu dhintay, halka 21.4% ay ahaayeen kuwo la qabay laakiin ka soo jeeda qoysas aad u liita, sida ka muuqata Shaxda 2aad ee hoos ka muuqata. Haweenkani waxay dhaleen ugu yaraan 6 carruur ah.

42.8%

35-44 Sano

25-34 Years

45-48 Years

50%

21.4%

28.6%

Carmal

Haween Seygoodudhintay

Haween la qabooo sabool ah

Shaxda 1aad. Da’da ka qeyb galayaasha

26.2%

31%

28.6%19%

9.5%

14.3%

2.4%

26.2%

Shaxda 2aad. Xaaladda guurka ee haweenka la waraystay

Shaxda 3aad. Waxyaabaha ay ka ganacsadaan haweenka la waraystay

Khaad

Huudheey

Shaah

Shaah/Looska

Caano

Nacnac shumacyo

50%

21.4%

28.6%

42.8%

Divorced

Widows

Married in poorhouseholds

Chart 1. Respondents’ age groups

26.2%

31%

Chart 2. Respondents’ marital status

Chart 3. Businesses run by the respondents

Khat

2nd hand clothes

Tea

Tea/peanuts

Milk

Candies

35-44 Years

25-34 Years

45-48 Years

28.6%19%

9.5%

14.3%

2.4%

26.2%

42.8%

35-44 Sano

25-34 Years

45-48 Years

50%

21.4%

28.6%

Carmal

Haween Seygoodudhintay

Haween la qabooo sabool ah

Shaxda 1aad. Da’da ka qeyb galayaasha

26.2%

31%

28.6%19%

9.5%

14.3%

2.4%

26.2%

Shaxda 2aad. Xaaladda guurka ee haweenka la waraystay

Shaxda 3aad. Waxyaabaha ay ka ganacsadaan haweenka la waraystay

Khaad

Huudheey

Shaah

Shaah/Looska

Caano

Nacnac shumacyo

50%

21.4%

28.6%

42.8%

Divorced

Widows

Married in poorhouseholds

Chart 1. Respondents’ age groups

26.2%

31%

Chart 2. Respondents’ marital status

Chart 3. Businesses run by the respondents

Khat

2nd hand clothes

Tea

Tea/peanuts

Milk

Candies

35-44 Years

25-34 Years

45-48 Years

28.6%19%

9.5%

14.3%

2.4%

26.2%

1 The World Bank (2017) ‘Somali Poverty Profile: Findings from Wave 1 of the Somali High Frequency Survey’, Washington, DC.

Dhammaan 42da haween ee la wareystay waxay ahaayeen kuwo iskood u shaqaysta. Waxyaabaha ay ka ganacsadaan waxaa ka mid ah: Khaadka (26.2%), dharka la soo isticmaalay ee dibadda laga soo dhoofiyay (Huudheey) (28.6%), shaah (19%), shaah/looska (9.5%), caano (14.3%) iyo nacnac shumacyo (2.4%) oo ay ku iibiyaan hareeraha wadooyinka waaweyn iyo geesaha magaalada, sida ku cad Shaxda 3aad ee hoos ka muuqda.

Dhammaantood waxay ka hawlgali jireen waddooyinka magaalada Muqdisho halkaas oo ay la wareegaan alaabaha. Waxay tilmaameen inay si weyn ugu tiirsanaayeen ganacsatada soo dhoofisa alaabtooda. Waxay inta badan kaga helaan alaabtan amaah ahaan ganacsatada si ay ugu sii helaan faa’iido yar oo ay ku noolaadan.

42.8%

35-44 Sano

25-34 Years

45-48 Years

50%

21.4%

28.6%

Carmal

Haween Seygoodudhintay

Haween la qabooo sabool ah

Shaxda 1aad. Da’da ka qeyb galayaasha

26.2%

31%

28.6%19%

9.5%

14.3%

2.4%

26.2%

Shaxda 2aad. Xaaladda guurka ee haweenka la waraystay

Shaxda 3aad. Waxyaabaha ay ka ganacsadaan haweenka la waraystay

Khaad

Huudheey

Shaah

Shaah/Looska

Caano

Nacnac shumacyo

50%

21.4%

28.6%

42.8%

Divorced

Widows

Married in poorhouseholds

Chart 1. Respondents’ age groups

26.2%

31%

Chart 2. Respondents’ marital status

Chart 3. Businesses run by the respondents

Khat

2nd hand clothes

Tea

Tea/peanuts

Milk

Candies

35-44 Years

25-34 Years

45-48 Years

28.6%19%

9.5%

14.3%

2.4%

26.2%

3.0Nooca Ganacsiga ay Haweenku Hoggaamiyaan

3

Haween ku iibinaya farshaxan Shirweynihii Haweenka Soomaaliyeed.

Dhammaan dumarka la wareystay waxay ahayeen kuwo si ay ku soo qaateenba deyn soo qaatay, ha ahaato lacag ahaan ama alaab ahaan, deyntaa oo ay ka soo qaateen ganacsatada wax soo dejisa (Khaadka laga keenay ganacsatada garoonka diyaaradaha iyo dharka gacanta labaad ee ka soo daga dekadaha). Haweenku markaa waxay sii iibiyaan badeecada waxayna deynta iska bixiyaan marka ay dib ugu laabtaan ganacsatada si ay uga soo qaataan alaab cusub. Haweenka qaarkood waxay kaloo amaah ka soo qaateen saaxiibbadood si ay ganacsi u billaabaan.

4.0Ilaha Dhaqaale ee Ganacsiga Yaryar ee Haweenka

4

PICTURE

Marwo Deeqa Yaasiin, Wasiirka Haweenka iyo Horumarinta Xuquuqda Aadanaha oo kulan la qaadatay haweenka ganacsatada.

Haween u dabaaldagaya Maalinta Haweenka Adduunka - Xarunta Gobolka Banaadir.

5

Cudurka safmarka ah ee COVID-19 waxa uu si aad ah saameyn ugu yeeshay haweenka leh ganacsiyada yar yar. Haweenka ayaa shaaca ka qaaday in bandoowga magaalada uu si weyn hoos ugu dhigay waqtiga ay tahay in ay gadaan shaahooda iyo caanohooda. Gaar ahaan iyagu ma iibin karaan shaaha habeenkii, oo ahayd waqtiga uu isticmaalku ugu sarreeyo. Dhaqdhaqaaqa dadka ee magaalada Muqdisho ee hoos u dhacay ayaa sidoo kale si weyn hoos ugu dhigay baaxadda ganacsigooda. Haweenka shaahlaydu waxay tilmaameen in dadku hadda ka baqayaan inay shaaha waddada ku cabbaan. Xaqiiqdii, haweenka badankood waxay joojiyeen iibinta shaaha gabi ahaanba. Haweenka iibiya khaadka iyo nacnacyada, oo inta badan ku tiirsan garoonka diyaaradaha iyo dekedda oo laga soo dejiyo, ayaa shaaca ka qaaday in joojinta duullimaadyada (kuwa caalamiga ah iyo kuwa guduhuba) ay dhabar jab ku noqotay ganacsigooda maxaa yeelay dhammaan alaabada la soo dejiyo ayaa la joojiyay. Haweenka badankood

waxay kale oo soo wariyeen in ganacsatadii sida caadiga ah u amaahin jiray lacag ama alaabaha ay ka ganacsadaan ay joojiyeen ganacsigoodii muddada ay socoto bandoowga fayraska koroonaha.

Markii la weydiiyay inay caddeeyaan saamaynta dhaqaale ee cudurka safmarka ah ee COVID-19 ganacsigooda ku yeeshay, 42da haween waxay tilmaameen ka hor intii aanu billaabmin xanuunku ee aan la soo saarin xayiraadaha, in ay heli jireen inta u dhaxeysa 25 illaa 105 dollars usbuucii. Waxay shaaca ka qaadeen in dakhligaasi meesha ka baxay maanta - waxayna carabka ku adkeyeen iyada oo cudurka safmarka ah ee COVID-19 sababtu tahay ayna hadda helin wax dakhli ah haba yaraatee. Waqtigan xaadirka ah, dhammaantood ama badankoodu waxay ku nool yihiin waxa ay xoogsadaan ama shaxaad ay ka helaan saaxiibbada iyo ehelka ka shaqeeya shirkadaha isgaarsiinta, shaqaalaha dowladda ama wax xawaalad ahaan loogu soo diro.

5.0Saameynta cudurka safmarka ah ee COVID-19 uu kuleeyahay Ganacsiga Haweenka

42da haween waxay caddeeyeen ilaha ay ka helaan macluumaadkooda ee cudurka safmarka ah ee COVID-19 inay ka mid yihiin raadiyaha, TV-ga, farriimaha SMS-ka taleefoonnadooda ee Hormud Telecom iyo ololayaasha wacyigelinta bulshada ku saleysan. Intooda badan waxa ay shaki ka muujiyeen in cudurka safmarka ah ee COVID-19 uu jiro waxayna tilmaameen illaa iyo billowgii masiibada in aynan wali arag qof uu ku dhacay faayrasku, iskaba daa geeri uu keenay cudurka safmarka ah ee COVID-19. Waxa kaliya ay ka maqleen kiisaska dhimashada iyo kiisaska ka uu ku dhacay farriimaha dowladda iyada oo loo sii marinayo raadiyaha iyo telefishinka.

6.0Helitaanka Haweenka Ganacsatada ee Xogta ku Saabsan cu-durka safmarka ah ee COVID-19

6

7

� Hubinta ka-qaybgal buuxa ee haweenka iyo kooxaha nugul ee go’aan qaadashada dhammaan hawlaha wax lagaga qabanayo cudurka safmarka ah ee COVID-19, oo ay ku jiraan gargaarka dhaqaale iyo soo-kabashada.

� In dadaal kasta oo wax looga qabanayo saameynta dhaqan-dhaqaale ee cudurka safmarka ah ee COVID-19 diiradda la saaro haweenka iyo gabdhaha. Markaa waxaa baahi deg-deg ah oo loo qabo in laga eego dhanka lab/dheddiga marka la dajinayo miisaaniyadaha lagu dardar galinayo dhaqaalaha iyo mashaariicda gargaarka bulshada si loo gaaro sinnaansho dhanka fursadaha iyo ilaalinta bulshada. Gaar ahaan, tillaabooyinka taageerada ee looga jawaabayo cudurka safmarka ee COVID-19 waa in ay dhaafsiisan yihiin dadka haya shaqooyinka rasmiga ah, lana gaarsiiyaa shaqaalaha aan rasmiga ahayn sida kuwa ka shaqeeya waaxaha

aan rasmiga ahayn iyo shaqaale xilliyeedyada kuwaas oo badidoodu ay haween yihiin.

� Uruurinta macluumaad faahfaahsan oo ku salaysan jinsiga iyo da’da oo ku saabsan saamaynta tooska ah iyo tan aan tooska ahayn ee cudurka safmarka ah ee COVID-19 uu ku yeeshay ganacsiyada yar-yar ee ka jira Soomaaliya.

� Taageer qaab loo gudbiyo khatarta cudurka safmarka ah ee COVID-19, kaas oo ah mid loo wada dhan yahay, oo laba-geesood ah, ku salaysan hab-dhismeedka bulshada, laguna gudbiyo macluumaad ku salaysan caddeymo, meeshana ka saara khuraafaadka iyo macluumaadka khaldan, si gaar ahna ugu adeegta baahiyaha dadka la faquuqay oo ay ugu badan yihiin haween.

� In la siiyo taageero haweenka ganacsiyada aan rasmiga ahayn ee heer bulsho. Tan waxaa ka mid noqon karta lacag hal-mar la siinayo shaqaalaha duruufo adag ay soo wajahaan, cuntada,

7.0Talo soo jeedin loogu talagalay in lagu caawiyo haweenka ganacsata-da yar-yar ee uu saameyay cudurka safmarka ah ee COVID-19

Iyada oo ku saleysan natiijooyinka iyo gorfeynta kor ku xusan, qeybaha ay khusayso ee dhanka dawladda iyo daneeyeyaasha horumarinta waxa ay qaadi karaan tillaabooyinka soo socda si ay uga caawiyaan haweenka Soomaaliyeed ee leh ganacsiyada yar yar ee uu saameeyay cudurka safmarka ah ee COVID-19:

8

qiimo dhimista; ka caawinta haweenka sidii ay ula qabsan lahaayeen meheradahooda si ay uga jawaabaan xaaladda hadda jirta. Tusaale ahaan, soo saaridda maskarada wajiga lagu xirto ama saabuun, gaarsiinta cuntada, ama meherado kale oo laga yaabo inay sii weynaadaan inta lagu jiro cudurka faafaya, iyo/ama u soo bandhigidda tillaabooyinka badbaadada ganacsigooda; iyo ballan-qaad xagga qalabka ilaalinta ee la iskaga ilaaliyo cudurka safmarka ah ee cudurka COVID-19 (tusaale ahaan maskarada wejiga lagu xirto), saabuun, gaarsiinta cuntada iyo sahayda iwm.

� Daneeyeyaasha horumarinka ee ku hawlan dajinta shaqooyin lagu gaarsiinayo lacago qoysaska nugul, sidoo kalena taageera soo saridda habab badbaado, sida Bangiga Adduunku, in ay diiradda u saaraan kooxda ugu nugul bulshada Soomaaliyeeed isla markaana ah laf-dhabarta qoysaska Soomaaliyeed.

� La shaqee shabakadaha bulshada ee rasmiga ah iyo

kuwa aan rasmiga ahayn sida kooxaha haweenka, kooxaha bulshada, ururrada bulshada rayidka ah, iyo ururrada u ololeeya xuquuqda haweenka si ay u taageeraan dadaalkooda si looga hortago takoorka bulshada.

� Ka hor-qaadida caqabadaha ka hor istaagaya in haweenku ay si buuxda uga qeyb qaataan howlaha dhaqaalaha iyo qaybaha rasmiga ah, mushaar loo wada simman yahay iyo fursado loo wada simman yahay oo ay ka mid yihiin sinnaansho la’aanta dhanka waxbarashada ee ku saleysan jinsiga.

� Samee qorshayaasha ilaalinta bulshada ee jawaab-celinta bulshada iyo maalgelinta ganacsatada haweenka.