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~FuIrA ~;J6+ ;J~lIJFEDER'AL NEGARIT GAZETA
OF THE FEDERAL DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ETHIOPIA
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CONTENTS
ProClamation No. 548/1007
Multimodal Transport of Goods Proclamation Page 3867
. PROCLAMATION NO.548/2007.
MUL TIMODALTRANSPORT OF GOODSPROCLAMA TION
.Whereas, strong economy is the major objective
of the Government of Ethiopia andto this effect tradeand transport are inextricaqly linked. Transport is a
. key sectOr for international .trade, for regionalintegration and for ensuring a balance.d nationaldevelopment.
Whereas, cost related to transit transport of importand export goods shore handling, storage, proceduresin port and customs clearance and other related timeconsuming documentation processes are costly for ourcpuntry. Recognizing that international multimodaltransport is one means of facilitating efficient and costeffective transit logistic service of our country'sinternational trade.
NOW, THEREFORE, in accordance with Article55 (1) of the constitution of the Federal DemocraticRepublic of Ethiopia, it is hereby proclaimed asfollows:-
~,")/.'.,. ,")//."1 7',"'.'/', 'jiri,iiNegarit G. P.O.Box 80001
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PART ONEGENERAL
1. Short Title
~his Proclamation may be cited as "Multimodal -TransPQrt of Goods Proclamation No. 548/2007"
2, Definitions
In this Proclamation ;J
II "International Multimodal Transport" means thecarriage of goods by.at least two different modesof transport on the basis of a multimodaltransport contract from a place at which thegoods are taken. in charge by the multimodaltransport operator to a place
-designated for
delivery. The operations of pick-up and deliveryor" goods carried out .in the perfonnance of aunimodal transport contract, as defined in suchcontract, shall not be considered as multimodaltransport;
21 "MultimodalTransport Operator" means any person who onhis own behalf or'through another person acting onhis beh-alf concludes a multimodal transportcontract and who acts as a principal, not as an agemor on behalf of theconsig{'lor or of the carrier~participating in the mu'ltimodal transportoperations. and who .assumes responsibilityfor the pe-rformanceof the contract;
31 "Multimodal Transport Contract" means a cOntract.whereby an internati9nal. multimodal transportoperator undertake.s, against' p~yment of freight,to perform or to effest the ;perforI11ance of a
- multimodal transport;-
4/ "Multimodal Transport Document" means adocument which evidences amultimodal transpoift contract, the takingin charge of the. goods by the {TIultimodaltransport operator, and an und~rtaking'byhimto deliver the goods in accordance with theterms of that contract;
5/ "Shipper" 'meansany person by whom or in whosename or. on whose behalf a multimodaltransport contract has been concluded with th~multimodal transPQrt operator, or any persorby whom or in whose name or on whos(behalf the goods are actually deliv~red to thlmultimodal tra,nspprt oper~tor in relation t~the multimodal transport contract;
'11\ rn.~f~ii 1..F.t.A ):M.}- ,;J1f.'" 4t1'C !Iii ~dtl\ Aii +1 Ii!ni! 'U" Federal Negarit Gazeta No.59 41hSeptember, 2007... page 386S
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6/ "Consignee" means the person entitled to takedelvery of the goods;
7/ "Goods" means any prop~rty includinglive animals as well as containers,pallets or similar articles of transport orpackaging, supplied by the consignor.
8/ " Person" means physical or juridical personhaving legal personality;
9/ "Delivery Means:-
(i) in the case of a negotiable multimodaltransport document, delivering of the goodsto or placing the goods at the disposal of, theconsignee or any other person entitled toreceive it;
(ii) in the case of non-negotiable multimodaltransport. document, delivering of thegoods to or placing the good~ at thedisposal of, the consignee or any personauthorized by the consignee to acceptdelivery of the goods on his behalf;
10/ "Endorsee" means the person in whose favoran endorsement is made, and in the case ofsuccessive endorsement, the person in whosefavor the last endorsement is made;
"Endorsement" means the signing by theconsignee or endorsee after adding a directionon a negotiable multimodal transport documentto pass the property in the goods mentioned insuch document to a specified person;
III
12/ "Special Drawing Rights" means an equivalentcurrency of a state regarding the limit of
.liability of the carrier per package or kilogramwhich shall be circulated and paid inaccordance with the method of valuationapplied by the InterI1ational Monetary Fund.
13/ "Taking Charge:- means that the goods havebeen hanqed over to and accepted for carriageby the multimodaltransport operator;
14/ "Mode of Transport" means carriage of goodsby road, air, rail, or sea.; .
,~ J:7t;.;fit ~Y.'..A ~;Jt'r ;JII.IJI 4t'rC .9i! ~th/'l. tti! ""J IiI.~'jjj 1.9" Federal Negaiit Gazeta No. 59 41hSeptember, 2007 ,.. page 3870
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15/ "Dangerous Goods" means goods which areclassified as hazardous or may becomehazardous as well as goods which are or maybecome of dangerous, inflammable, radioactive,ndxious or damaging nature, or those which arepotentially hazardous to human beings and theenvironment.
3. SCOPE OF APPLICATION
II The provisions of this Proclamation shallapply to all multimodal transport contract afterconclusion of which a multimodal transportdocument is issued according to the provisionsprovided for in Articles 4 to 10 of thisProclamation.
2/ When a multi modal transport contract hasbeen concluded according to Article 2Sub-Article (1) of this proclamation, theprovisions of this Proclamation shallbe mandatory applicable to suchcontract.
3/ Nothing in this Proclamation shall affectthe right of the consignor to choose betweenmultimodal transport and segmented transport.
PART TWOM;ULTIMODAL TRANSPORT DOCUMENT
4. Issue of Multimodal TransDortDocument
11 When the goods are taken in charge by themultimodal transport operator, shall issue amultimodal transport document which, at theoption of the consignor, shall be in, eithernegotiable or non-negotiable form.
2/ The multimodal transport document shall besigned by the multimodaltransportoperator'or of aperson having authority from him.
3/ The signature on the multimodal transpOftdocutl\ent may be in hand writing, printed infaxmail, stamped, in symbol or made by anyother mechanical or electronic means;
4/ Article 1727(2) of the Civil Code of Ethiopiashall not apply to the provision of thisProclamation.
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Federal Negarit Gazeta No. 59 4thSeptember, 2007 ... page 3.872
MuItimodal Transport Document to beRegarded as Document of Title.
1/ Every consignee named in the negotiable ornon-negotiable multimodal transportdocument and every endorsee of suchdocument as the case may be, to whom theproperty in the goods mentioned thereinshall pass, upon or by each reason of suchconsignment or endorsement shall have allthe rights and liabilities of the consignor.
2/ Nothing contained in Sub-Article (1) of thisArticle shall prejudice or affect the right ofthe multimodal transport operator to claimfreight from the shipper or enforce any'liability of the consignee or endorsee byreason of his being such consignee oren<;iorsee.
8. Contents of MuItimodal Transport Document
11 The multimodal transport document shall containthe following particulars:-
.(a) the general nature of the goods, theleading marks necessary foridentification of the goods, an expressstatement, if applicable, as to thedangerous character of the goods, thenumber of packages or pieces, and thegross weight of the goods or theirquantity otherwise expressed, allsuch particulars as furnished by theshipper,
(b) the apparent condition of the goods,
(c) the name and principal place ofbusiness of the multimodal transportoperator,
(d) the name of the shipper,
(e) the consignee, if named by theconsIgnor,
(t) the place and date of taking in chargeof the goods by the multimodaltransport operator,
(g) the place of delivery of the goods,
(h) the date or the period of delivery of thegoods at the place of delivery,if expressly agreed upon betweenthe parties,
J:itj;y'if'Q nfub.t\ ~.'J"'''' .'JIJ.fJI <IITC :H! ~,M\. ?;ii ""} XiiOii 'HD Federal Negarit Gazeta No. 59 41hSeptember, 2007". page 3874
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y~A-t_T'&\- Tt-.1iJZr:T.- O~~f"'U'lJ{'Ltarm.t - 10. Evidentiary Effect of Multimodal Transport
Document
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2/ If the multimodal transport operator or a personacting on his behalf fails to note on themultimodal transport document. the apparentcondition' of the goods, he is deemed tohave noted on the multirnodal transportdocument that the goods were in apparentgood condition.
Except for particulars in respect of which andto the extent to which a reservation permittedunder Article 9 has been entered:-
, 1/ the multimodal transport document shall be
"prima facie" evidence of the taking incharge by the multimodaltransportoperator ofthe goods as described therein, and
2/ proof. to the contrary by the multimodaltransportoperator shall not be admissible ifthe multimodal transportdocument is issuedin negotiable form and has beentransferred to a third party, including aconsignee, who has acted in good faithin reliance on the description of the goodstherein.
6. tf') -t11""f()/"~ fTf}ATCP~r_M{t~_Cf.,.t .:P1l\ 11. Intentional Mis-statements or Omissions
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When the multimodaltransportoperator,with intent todefraud, gives in the multimodaltransportdocumentfalse information concerning the goods or omitsany information required to be included underSub-Article (a) or (b) of Article 8 or underArticles 9 (1 )and (2), he shall be liable, withoutthe .benefit of the limitation of liability providedfor in this Proclamation, for any loss, damage orexpenses incurred by a third party, including aconsignee, who acted in reliance on thedescription of the goods in the multimodaltransportdocument issued.
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Federal Negaril Gazeta No. 59 4'h September. 2007 . page 3875
12, Guarantee By The Shipper
1/ The shipper shall be deemed' to haveguaranteed to the multimodal transportoperatorthe adequacy and accuracy, at the time thegoods were taken in charge by the multimodaltransportoperator,of particulars relating to thegeneral nature of the goods, their marks,num~er, weight and quantity and, if ap-plicable, to the dangerous character of thegoods, as furnished by him for insertion in themultimodal transport document.
- 2/ The shipper shall indemnify the multimodaltransport operator against loss resulting frominaccuracies in or inadequacies of theparticulars referred to in sub-article 1of thisArticle. The shipper shall remain liableeven if the multimodaltransportdocument hasbeen transferred by him.
3/ The right of the multimodaltransportoperatorto theindemn'ity referred to Sub-Article (1) of thisArticle shall in no way limit his liabilityunder the multimodaltransportcontract to anyperson other than the consignee.
13, Other Documents
The issue of the multimodaltransportdocument doesnot preclude the issue, if necessary, of otherdocuments relating to transport or other servicesinvolved in multimodal transport, in accordancewith applicable international conventions ornat.ional laws. However, the issue of such other
I
documents shall not affect the legal characterof the multimodaltransportdocument.
PART THREERESPONSIBILITY AND LIABILITY OF THE
MULTIMODAL TRANSPORT OPERATOR
14, Delivery of Goods
1/ Delivery of the goods may be demandedfrom the multimodal transport operator or aperson acting on his behalf only against asurrender of the negotiable multimodaltransportdocument duly endorsed where necessary. ifthe multimodal transport document as non
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Federal Negarit Gazeta No, 59 4th September, 2007'"
page 3876
negotiable, only upon delivery of it.
2/ The multimodaltransportoperator shall bedischarged from his obligation to deliverthe goods if, where a I1}ultimodaltransportdocument has been issued in a set of morethan one orIginal, he or a person actingon his behalf has in good faith deliveredthe goods against surrender of one of suchoriginals.
15. PERIOD OF RESPONSIBILITY
1/ The responsibility of the multimodaltransportoperatorfor the goods under the provisions ofthis Proclamation covers the period fromthe time he takes the goods in his charge to thetime of their delivery.
2/ For the purposes of Article 14 , the,multimodaltransportoperatoris deemed to be incharge of the goods:~
(a) from the time he has taken over the goodsfrom:-
"
,
(i) the shipper or a person acting on hisbehalf, or
(ii) an authority or other third party towhom, pursuant to the laws andregulations applicable at the place0 f taking in charge, the goods mustbe handed over for transport,
(b) until the time he has delivered thegoods:-
(i) by handing over the goods to theconsigne~, or
(ii) in cases where the consignee doesnot receive the goods from themultimodal transport operator, byplacing them at the disposal of theconsignee in accordance with themultimodal 'transport contract or withthe law or with the usage of theparticular trade applicable at theplace of delivery, or
(iii) by handing over the goods to anauthority or other third party towhom, pursuant to the laws orregulations applicable at theplace of delivery, the goods mustbe handedover.'
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3/ Reference to the multimodaltransportoperator,in sub- articles (1) and (2) of this Articleshall include his servants or agents or anyother person of whose services he makesuse for the performance of the multimodaltransport contract, and reference to theconsignor or consignee shall inclV-deth e ir servantsor agents.
fooAi:. nCZU~_A_T~'}fl7'cT unhe;.«£1-l\lP&:-+7f':fty .f\lPh..fro~'i fLh.k'f i\fO'f 16. .LIABILITYOFTHEMULTIMODAL TRANSPORT
fttO+ ~I\k.,t.
- OPERATOR FOR HIS SERVANTSANDAGENTSAND OTHER PERSONS
11.
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Subject to the provisions of Article 25 of thisProclamation, the multimodaltransportoperatorshallbe liable for the acts and omissions of hisservants or agents when any such servantor agent is acting within the scope of hisemployment, or of any other person of whoseservices he makes use for the performanceof th,e multimodaltransportcontract, when suchperso,n is acting in the performance of thecontract, as if such acts and omissions were his own.
17. .BASIS OF LIABILITY
II The multimodaltransportoperatorshall be liablefor loss resulting from loss of or damageto the goods, as well as from delay indelivery, if the occurrence which causedthe loss, damage or delay in delivery tookplace while the goods were in his charge as defi-ned in Article 15( 1), unless the multimodaltransportoperatorproves that he, his servantsor agents or any other person referred to inArticle 16 took all 'measures that couldreasonably be required to avoid theoccurrence and its consequences.
2/ Delay in delivery occurs when the goodshave not been delivered within the timeexpressly agreed upon or, in the absenceof such agreement, within the time which itwould be reasonable to require of a diligentmultimodal transportoperator, having regard tothe circumstancesofthe case.
3/ If the goods have not been delivered within90 ,consecutive days following the date ofdelivery determined according to Sub-Article (2) of this Article, the claimantmay treat the goods as lost.
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Federal Negarit Gazeta No. 59 4'h September. 2007. page 3878
18. ,EXEMPTION FROM LIABILITY
The carrier shall however be relieved of liability ifthe loss, damage or delay was caused by thewrongful act or neglect of the claimant, by the.instructions of the claimant given otherwise thanas the result of a wrongful act or neglect on thepart of the carrier, by inherent vice or the goods orthrough force majeure.
19 CONCURRENT CAUSES
Where a fault or neglect 0 n the part of themultimodal transportoperator, his servants or agentsor any other person referred to in Article] 6combines with another cause to produce loss,damage or delay in delivery, the multimodaltransportoperator shall be liable only to the extent that theloss: damage or delay in delivery isattributable to such fault or neglect,provided that the multimodal transport operatorproves the part of the loss, damage or delay iridelivery not attributable thereto.
20. LIMITATION OF LIABILITY
]1 Where a multimodal tran"sport operator becomesliable for any loss of, or damage to, any goods,the nature and value where of have not been.declared by the consignor before suchconsignment have been taken in charge by themultimodal transport operator the liability ofthe multimodal transport operator to paycompensation shall not exceed special drawingrights 835 per package or other shipping unit,or special drawing rights 2.5 per kilogram ofgross weight of the goods lost or damaged,whichever is the higher.
21 For the purposes of calculating which amount isthe higher in accordance with Sub-Article (I) ofthis Article, the following rules apply: .
a) where a container, pallet or similar article oftransport is used to consolidate goods, thepackages or other shipping units enumeratedin the multimodal transport document aspacked in such article of transport aredeemed packages or shipping units. Exceptas aforesaid, the goods in such article oftransport are deemed one shipping unit;
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b) in cases where the article of transportitself has been lost or damaged, thatarticle of transport, if not owned orotherwise supp.lied by the multimodaltransportoperator, is considered as oneseparate shipping unit.
3/ When the loss of or damage to the goodsoccurred during one particular stage of the.multimodal transport, in respect of whichan applicable law provides a higher limit ofliability than the limit stipulated under sub-article 1 of this Article, then. the limit of themultimodaltransportoperator's liability for suchloss or damage shall be determined inaccordance with the provisions of therelevant law applicable in relation to themode of transport during which the loss ordamage occurred.
21. LIMITATION OF LIABILITY FOR DELAYIN DELIVERY
The liability of the multimodaltransportoperatorforloss resulting. from delay in del iveryaccording to the provisions of Articles16and 17 of this ProcJamation shall belimited to an amount equivalent to two anda half times the freight payable for thegoods delayed, but not exceeding the total
. freight payable under the MT Contract.
22. AGGREGATE LIABILITY
The aggregate liability of the multimodaltransportoperator, under Articles 20 and 21, or underArticles 15. and 17, shall not exceed thelimit of liability for total loss of the goods asdetermined by Article200r Article 23.
23. EXTENDED LIABILITY
By agreement between the multimodal transportoperator and the consignor, limits 0 f liabilityexceeding those provided for in Articles 20and 21 may be fixed in the multimodaltransportdocument
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24. NON- CONTRACfUAL LIABILITY
The defenses and limits of liabilityprovided for in this Proclamation shallapply in any action against the multimodaltransportoperatorin respect of loss resulting from lossof or damage to the goods, as well as fromdelay in delivery whether the action. befounded in contract, in tort or otherwise.
25. PROTECTION OF SERV ANTS AND AGENTS
If an action in respect of loss resulting from lossof or damage to the goods or from delay indelivery is brought against the servant oragent of the multimodaltransportoperator, if suchservant or agent proves that he acted withinthe scope of hisemp loyment, or against anyother person of whose services he makes usefor the performance' of the multimodaltransportcontract, if such other person proves thathe acted within the performance of thecoiltract, the servant or agent or. such ,otherperson shall be entitled to avail himself of thedefenses and limits of liability' which themultimodaltransportoperator is entitled to invokeunder the provisions of this Proclamation.
26. MAXIMUM AMOUNT RECOVERABLE
Except as provided in Articles 27and 28, theaggregate of the amounts recoverable from themultimodaltransportoperatorand from a servant oragent or any other person of whose services hemakes use for the performance of the multimodaltransportcontract shall not exceed the limits ofliability provided for in the provisions of thisProclamation.
27. La;SOF RIGHT TO LIMITLIABILIlY
11 The multimodal transport operator shall not beentitled to the benefit of the limitation ofliability provided for in this Proclamation if it isproved that the loss, damage or delay indelivery resulted from an act or omission ofthe multimodal transportoperator done with theintent to cause such loss, damage or delay orrecklessly and with knowledge that suchloss, damage or delay would probably result.
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Federal Negarit Gazeta No 59 4th September, 2007 ... p<!ge 3881
21 With out prejudice to Article 25, a servant oragent of the multimodaltransportoperatoror otherperson of whose service~ he makes use forthe performance of the multimodal transportcontract is not entitled to the benefit of thelimitation of liability provided fori n thisProclamation if it is proved that the loss,damage or delay in delivery resulted from anact or omission of such servant, agent orother person, done with the intent to causesuch loss, damage or delay or recklessly andwith knowledge that such loss, damage ordelay would probably result.
PART FOURLIABILITY OF THE SHIPPER
28. GENERAL RULE
The shipper shall be liable for loss sustained bythe multimodaltransportoperatorif such loss is causedby the fault or neglect of the shipper himself,or his servants or agents when such servants oragents are acting within the scope of theiremployment. Any servant or agent of the
: consig'nor shall be liable for such loss if theloss is caused by fault or neglect on his part.
29. SPECIAL RULES ON DANGEROUS GOODS
liThe shipper shall mark or label in asuitable manner dangerous goods asdangerous.
21 Where the' shipper hands overdangerous goods to the multimodaltransportoperator, or any person acting on his behalf,the consignor shall inform him of thedangerous character of the goods and, ifnecessary, the precautions to betaken
30 LABELING OF DANGEROUS GOODS
If the shipper fails to inform the multimodaltransportoperatoras indicated in Article 29 Sub-Article (2) and if the multimodaltranspOrtoperatordoes not otherwise have knowledge of theirdangerous character:-
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1/ Where the loss or damage ,is not apparent,the .provisions of Article 32 applycorrespondingly if notice in writing isnot given withinsevenconsecutive days afterthe day when the goods were handed overto the consignee,
2/ If the state of the goods at the time theywere handed over to the consignee hasbeen the subject of a joint surveyorinspection by the parties or their authorizedrepresentatives at the place of delivery,notice in writing need not be givenof loss ordamage ascertained during such
. sur v e y 0 r inspection.
3/ In the case of any actual or apprehended10s s or damage the multimodal transport
. operator and the consignee shall give allreasonable facilities to each other for inspectingand tallying the goods,
02. ftJ:P Chhll OooU"Jfi: VOh'}f+ iI"Dtl\1' 34, NOTICE OF DELAYOT/iI;r (J)<tf
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No compensation shall be payable for loss. resulting from delay in delivery unless noticehas been given in writing to the'multimodaltransportoperatorwithin 60 consecutive days after theday when the goods were delivered by handingover to the consigne~ or when the consigneehas been notified that the goods have been de-livered in accordance with Article 15 (2) (b) (i)and (ii)
35. NanCE FORLOSS OR DAMAGE SUSTAINED BYlliEMID
Unlessnoticeofloss or damage, specifying thegeneral rntLreof the loss or damage, is givenin' writing by the multimodaltransportoperator tothe consignor not later than 90 consecutive daysafter the occurrenceof such10s s or damage or afterthe delivery of the goods in accordance withArticle 15 Sub-Article2 (b) , whicheveris later, thefailure to give such notice is "prima facie"evidence that the multimodal transport operator hassustained no loss or darhagedue to the fault orneglect of the consignor, his servants oragents.
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~I. fPlr ~, CJAU'~1."" DIII1:rlD~j'ar fOJL*llJ' 36. TERMINATION OF NOTICE ON A NON-I1t\ODU'~ WORKING DAY
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If any of the notice periods provided for inArticle 32-35 terminates on a d'ay which isnot a working day at the place of delivery ofthe goods, such period shall be extended until.the next working day.
37. NOTICE TO OTHERS
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38. GENERAL AVERAGE
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For the purposes of Articles 32 to 36 , notice given toa person acting on the multimodaltransportoperator'sbehalf, including any person of whose services hemakes use at the place of delivery, or to a personacting on the consignor's behalf, shall be deemed tohave been given to the multimodaltransportoperator,or to the consignor, respectively.
Nothing in the provisions of this Proclamation,shall prevent the application of provisions inthe multimodal transport contract or MaritimeCode regarding the adjustment of generalaverage, ifand to the extent applicable.
39. LIEN RIGHT OF THE MUL TIMODALTRANSPORT OPERATOR ON GOODS ANDDOCUMENTS
The multimodaltransportoperatorshall have a lien onthe goods and any documents relating thereto forall sums payable to the multimodaltransportoperatorunder the multimodal transportdocument, includingstorage fees, and for the cost of recovering thesesums.
40. LIMITATION OF ACTIONS.
1/ Any action relating to multi modaltransport under the provisions of thisProclamation shall be time-barred if judicialproceedings have not been institutedwithin a period of two years.
2/ However, if notification in writing, statingthe nature and main particulars of the claim,has not been given within six months after theday when the goods were delivered or, wherethe goods have not been delivered, after theday on which they should have been delivered,the action shall be time-barred at the expiry ofthis period.
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Federal Negarit Gazeta No. 59 4thSeptember, 2007... page 3885
3/ The limitation period commences on the dayafter the day on which the multimodaltransportoperatorhas delivered the goods or part thereofor, where the goods have not been delivered, onthe day. after the last day on which the goodsshould have been delivered.
4/ The person against whom a claim is made may atany time during the running of the limitationperiod extend that period by a declaration inwriting to the claimant. This period may befurther extended by another declaration.
5/ A recourse action for indemity by a personheld liabile under the relevent Law may beinstituted even after the expiration of thelimitation period provided for in sub-article
. 1 of this Article if instituted within 90 days'commencing from the day when the personinstituting such action for indemnity hassettled the claim or has been served withprocess in the action against himself.
41. JURISDICTION
In judicial. proceedings relating to multimodaltransport under the provisions of thisProclamation, the plaintiff, at his option, mayinstitute an action in a court which is competent andwithin the jurisdiction of which is situated one of thefollowing places:-
. (a) the principal place of business or, in theabsence thereof, the habitual residenceof the defendant, or
(b) the place where .the multimodal transportcontract was made, provided that thedefendant has there a place of business,branch or agency through which thecontract was made, or
(c) the place of taking the goods in chargefor multimodal transport or the place ofdelivery, or
.
(d) any other place designated for thatpurpose in the multimodal transportcontract and evidenced in themultimodaltransportdocument.
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PART SIXSUPPLEMENTARY PROVISIONS
42 INVALIDSTIPUlATION S
1/ Any stipulation in multimodaltransport contract ormultimodal transport document shall be null andvoid to the extent that it derogates, directly orindirectly, from the provisions of thisProclamation. The nullity of such a stipulationshall not affect the validity of other provisions of .
the contract or document of which it forms apart.
2/ A clause assigning benefit of insuranceof the goods in favour of the multimodaltransportoperatoror any similar clause shall benull and \On
43. INCREASING OF RESPONSIBILITYOR OBLIGATIONS
Notwithstanding the provisions of Article44, the multimodaltransportoperatormay withthe agreement of the consignor increase hisresponsibilities and obligations under thisProclamation.
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The multimodaltransport document shall contain astatement that the multimodal transport is subject tothe provisions of this Proclamation which nullifyany stipulation derogating there from to thedetriment of the consignor or the consignee.
!1l;. fttV1 hlf1: 1:1;J'l.PJ"f nft01JhOC itftDll.fit 45. SANCTIONS FOR NON-COMPLIANCEhTft(]}o ""fllT ,WITH THE PROVISION OF THIS
PROCLAMA TION
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Where the claimant in respect of the goods hasincurred loss as a result of a. stipulation which is nulland void by virtue of Article 42, or as a result of theomission of the statement referred to in Article 44, themultimodal transport operator must pay compensationto the extent required in order to give the claimantcompensation in accordance with the provisions ofthis Proclamation for any loss of or damage tothe goods as well as for delay in delivery. Themultimodal transport operator must, in addition, paycompensation for costs incurred by the claimantfor the purpose of exercising his right.
'11\ r,U:.r-it% I..,fu/"A, ~:)/...,. :J/I,fll 4t'l'C :W ~,hf\, ?ijj ""tIjj.r-:W 'Ulu Federal Negarit Gazeta No. 59 41h September. 2007 . page 3887
ifJ'k. h fJJn. rOlJ..Oc;O'r 'I,ll. 46. Effective Date
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This Proclamation shall come into force up onPublication in the Federal Negarit Gazeta.
hJll1 hOll "1m"" t;jj +1 Iilf.jij ~.9". Done at Addis Ababa, this 4th day of September, 2007
'? CO? CDA 1./1. r- C 'l." GIRMA WOLDEGIORGIS
r h.-rr-k f ~.e..~'\«e JllfPh~""f«etTllt\.h T~tL~1-r
PRESIDENT OF THE FEDERALDEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ETHIOPIA
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