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РЪКОВОДСТВО Стандартът за Геодезисти и Инженери

Rakovodstvo Pythagoras

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  • ADW Software. , ADW Software, ADW Software. Pythagoras CAD+GIS V11.0 2006 Apple Macintosh Apple Computer Inc. Microsoft, MS-DOS Windows Microsoft Corporation. IBM International Business Machines Corporation. (C) Copyright ADW Software. . () 2003-2006. . , , , ADW Software.

  • ......................................................................................................... I : PYTHAGORAS CAD.................................................................................... 1

    PYTHAGORAS CAD........................................................................................................ 1 PYTHAGORAS..................................................... 1

    1: APPLE MACINTOSH .................................................................. 3 .......................................................................................................... 3 ............................................................................................ 3 PYTHAGORAS ........................................................ 3 PYTHAGORAS............................................................................................ 4

    2: MICROSOFT WINDOWS ............................................................ 5 .......................................................................................................... 5 ............................................................................................ 5 PYTHAGORAS ........................................................ 6 PYTHAGORAS............................................................................................ 7

    ....................................................................................................... 9 ..................................................................................................................... 10

    ................................................................................................... 10 , ..................................................................... 10 ......................................................................... 11

    1: ................................................................................... 12 , ............................................. 12

    Pythagoras......................................................................................................... 12 .......................................................................................... 13 ....................................................................................................... 13 ....................................................................................................... 14

    ........................................................................................................... 15 ................................................................................................ 16 ............................................................................... 17 , ....................................... 18 ............................................................................................... 18 ........................................................................................................ 19

    2: ....................................................................... 22 .............................................................................................................. 22

    ............................................................................................ 22 ........................................................................................... 23 ............................................................................... 24

    , ................................................................ 26

  • .........................................................................................................26 ...........................................................................................................27 ..............................................................................................................27 () ...........................................................................................28 .................................................................................................................29 ..............................................................................................................29

    .............................................................................................................. 30 ......................................................................................30 .............................................................................................................................................31 .................................................................................................................................32 .......................................................................................................................33 ..................................................................................................................33 .....................................................................................................................................34 ..............................................................................................36 ....................................................................................................37 ......................................................................................37 .......................................................................................................................................38

    ............................................................................... 39 3: ................................................................ 40

    1: ...................................................................... 40 2: ................................................ 40 3: ................................. 42

    .............................................................................................42 ....................................................................................................43

    4: .......................................................................... 45 , ........................................................................................ 45

    ...................................................................................................................45 .................................................................................................46

    ........................................................................... 46 ......................................................................................................46 .................................................47

    5: .............................................................. 49 ......................................................................... 49 ....................................................................................... 49 () .............................................................................................. 49 ............................................................................................................................. 50 ......................................................................................................................... 51 3D- ...................................................................................................................... 53 ......................................................... 53 ........................................................................................................................... 54

  • 6: ................................................................................... 55 ..................................................................................................................... 55

    ............................................................................................................................. 55 ............................................................................................................................. 57 ............................................................................................................................. 59 ....................................................................................................................... 60

    7: PYTHAGORAS................................................................. 62 .................................................................................................. 62

    8: ................................................................... 65 9: ............................................................................ 67

    ............................................................................................... 67 .............................................................................................. 67 ................................................................................................... 67 ........................................................................................ 68 ............................................................................ 68 ....................................................................................................... 69 .................................................................................................................... 70 ............................................................................. 70

    ........................................................................................................ 73 1: ............................................................. 75

    .................................................................................................. 75 .................................................................................................. 76 ............................................................................................... 76 ...................................................................................... 76 ................................................................................................ 77 ............................................................................................... 77

    ................................................................................................................... 78 ............................................................................................ 78 ........................................................................................................................... 78 PYTHAGORAS ....................................................................... 79

    () ................................................................. 79 () .................................................... 79 .............................................................................................................. 79 ........................................................................... 80 (Pythagoras VBA) ....................................................................................... 80

    PYTHAGORAS............................................................................. 80 ................................................................................................. 80 ................................................................... 81

    2: .......................................................................................... 83 ................................................................................................................................. 83

  • ........................................................................................................................... 83 .......................................................................................................................... 84 ........................................................................................................................... 84 .................................................................................................................. 84 ............................................................................................... 85 ............................................................................................................... 85 ..................................................................................................................... 86

    ...............................................................................................................87 SHAPE-.........................................................................................................................88 .......................................................................................................................................88 DXF/DWG ....................................................................................................................88 SICAD-SQD .................................................................................................................88 ...........................................................................................88 ...........................................................................................................................89

    .....................................................................................................90 ............................................................................................................................91 ........................................................................................91

    ........................................................................................................................92 ..............................................................................................................92 ........................................................................................................................................92 ...............................................................................................................................................93 ..................................................................................................................................................93

    ..................................................................................................................... 93 ...............................................................................................................94 DXF/DWG (AutoDesk /AutoCAD ) ...................................................94 ..........................................................................................................................96 .........................................................................................................................................96 SHAPE ...............................................................................................................................97 .......................................................................................................................................97 SICAD-SQD .................................................................................................................................97 ........................................................................................................................97 .................................................................................................................97

    .................................................................................................... 97 ..................................................................................................................... 98

    ................................................................................................................98 ...................................................................................................100 ..........................................................................................................102 ..................................................................................104

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  • .................................................................................................. 105 ................................................................................................................... 106

    ...................................................................................................... 106 ................................................................................................................... 106

    ( )....................................................................................... 107 ........................................................................................................... 107 ............................................................................................................................ 108 ..................................................................................................................................... 108

    .................................................................................................. 108 ........................................................................................................................... 109 .................................................................................................. 111 ........................................................................................................................... 111 ......................................................................................................... 111

    3: ............................................................................... 113 ........................................................................................................................ 113 ................................................................................................................. 113 ......................................................................................................................... 113 ....................................................................................................................... 113 ........................................................................................................................ 115 ....................................................................................................................... 115

    Pythagoras .......................................................................................................... 116 ................................................................................... 116

    ....................................................................................................................... 116 .................................................................................................... 117 ......................................................................................................................... 117 ......................................................................................................................... 117 ....................................................................................................................... 118 .................................................................................................................... 118 .................................................................................................................... 119 .................................................................................... 119 ................................................................................................................. 119

    .............................................................................. 119 ................................................................................................... 119 ................................................................................................................. 120 ................................................................................................................. 120

    .................................................................................................................... 120 .................................................................................................................... 120 ............................................................................................................ 120 ............................................................................................. 120

    ............................................................................................................... 121

  • 4: ........................................................................ 123 ................................................................................................................... 123

    Escape ..................................................123 ..................................123 ..............................................................................................124

    ....................................................................................................................................................124 ...................................................................................................................................................125 .....................................................................................................................................................129 .........................................................................................................................................131 / / ..................................................................................................132 ..............................................................................................................................................133 ................................................................................................................................134 .............................................................................................................................................134 ................................................................................................................................................135 ...............................................................................................136

    ..............................................................................136 ................................................................................................ 136 .......................................................................................................................... 137

    .........................................................................................................................137 ..................................................................................137 .................................................................................................................138 ......................................................................................................................139 ....................................................................................................139

    ............................................................................................ 139 .................................................................................................... 140 .................................................................................................. 141 ................................................................................................... 141 .................................................................................................. 141 ................................................................................................. 142 ................................................................................................... 142 ...................................................................................................................... 142 ........................................................................................................... 143 ........................................................................................ 144 ....................................................................................................................... 145 ....................................................................................................................... 145 .................................................................................................. 146 ................................................................................................ 147 .................................................................................................... 147 ............................................................................................................................. 147 .............................................................................................................................. 147 ............................................................................................................. 147

  • ......................................................................................................................................... 148 : ................................................................................................... 148

    ................................................................................................................. 149 ................................................................................... 149 ..................................................................................... 150

    5: ...................................................................... 151 ...................................................................................................................... 151

    ................................................................................................................................... 151 ..................................................................................................................................... 151 [ ] .................................................................................. 151

    ........................................................................................................................... 151 ..................................................................................................................................... 151 ..................................................................................................................................... 152

    .......................................................................................................... 152 .................................................................................................................. 152 ...................................................................................................... 152 ........................................................................................................ 153 ................................................................................................................ 153 ............................................................................................................................ 153 ............................................................................................... 154 ................................................................................................. 154 ....................................................................................................................... 154 .......................................................................................................................... 155

    ...................................................................................................................................... 155 .......................................................................................................................................... 155 ....................................................................................................................................... 156 ......................................................................................................................................... 156 ............................................................................................................... 156

    ..................................................................................................................... 156 .................................................................................................................................. 156 .......................................................................................................................................... 157 ...................................................................................................................................... 157 ....................................................................................................................................... 157

    ............................................................................................................................. 157 ...................................................................................................... 157 ............................................................................................................................. 157 ..................................................................................................................... 158

    ......................................................................................................... 158 ............................................................................................................... 158 ................................................................................................................. 158

  • ....................................................................................................................158 ............................................................................................................159 ...............................................................................................................................159

    6: ............................................................................ 161 ................................................................................................................. 161 ......................................................................................... 161 ............... 161 ............................................................................................................................ 161 ....................................................................................................................... 162 ...................................................................................................... 162 ............................................................................................................................. 162 ................................................................................................................... 162

    ..............................................................................162 ...................................................................................................163 ................................................................................................163 ...............................................................................................................................164 ......................................................................................................................................164

    .............................................................................................. 164 ..........................................................................................................................................164

    :...................................................................................................................................................164 : .............................................................................................................................................165 , ( ) .........................................................................165

    ..........................................................................................................166 ......................................................................................................................166

    ..................................................................................................................................................166 .............................................................................................................................................166 ............................................................................................................................................166

    .............................................................................................................166 ..........................................................................................................167 .........................................................................................................167 ........................................................................................................167

    .................................................................................................... 167 ............................................................................................................ 168

    ..................................................................................................................168 .......................................................................................................168 ..............................................................................................169 ...............................................................................169 / ...................................................171 ( Macintosh ) ...................................................................171

    7: .................................................................................... 173 .................................................................................................................. 173

  • ................................................................................................................... 174 ................................................................................................. 174 .................................................................................................... 174 ............................................................................................................ 174 ......................................................................................................... 176

    ............................................................................................ 176 ................................................................................................. 176 ............................................................................................................................. 177

    ........................................................................................................................ 177 ................................................................................................. 177

    ................................................................................................................................... 177 ........................................................................................................................................ 179 .............................................................................................................. 179 .............................................................................................................. 179 ...................................................................................................... 180 .................................................................................................... 180

    ............................................................................................. 180 ......................................................................................................................... 180

    DTM ............................................................................................................................ 180 ....................................................................................................... 180 .......................................................................................................... 180 .......................................................................................................................................... 181 ............................................................................................................................... 181 ............................................................................................................................. 181 ....................................................................................................................................... 181

    ..................................................................................... 181 8: ......................................................................... 183

    ........................................................................................................... 183 ......................................................................................................................... 183 .......................................................................................................................... 183 - ........................................................................................ 184 ............................................................................................... 184 ........................................................................................................... 185 () .............................................................................................. 186 .......................................................................................................... 187

    2 ..................................................................................................... 187 N ..................................................................................................... 188 ............................................................................................. 189

    ...................................................................................................... 189 ............................................................................................................ 189

  • 2 ................................................................................ 190 ..................................................................... 190 ............................................................................................................... 190 ........................................................................................................................... 191 ....................................................................................................................... 192

    ..................................................................................................................192 ...................................................................................................................193

    3D- .................................................................................................................... 194 ......................................................................................................................... 194 .......................................................................................................... 196

    9: .................................................................. 197 ................................................................................................................... 197

    ...............................................................197 ......................................................................................................................199 ......................................................................................................201 ...............................................201

    ................................................................................................... 202 1. ( ) ................................................202 2. ........................................................................................211 3. ..................................................................................211 4. ..........................................................................213 5. .........................................................................215

    .................................. 217 ..........................................................................................................................................217

    .......................................................................................................................................................217 .................................................................................................................................................217 .........................................................................................................................217 ................................................................................................................................................217 ..................................................................................................................217 .................................................................................................................217 ..................................................................................................................218 .........................................................................................................................220 ...................................................................................................................................................220

    ...................................................................................................................................221 .................................................................................................................................................221 ........................................................................................................................................221 .................................................................................................................................................221 ....................................................................................................................221 ...............................................................................................................................................221 ...............................................................................................................................................221 ..................................................................................................................................................221 .............................................................................................................................................221

  • ............................................................................................................................. 221 .................................................................................................................................................221 ...................................................................................................................................222 ........................................................................................................................222 .............................................................................................................223 ......................................................................................................................................223 ....................................................................................................................223

    ...................................................................................................................................... 223 ................................................................................................................................. 223

    ..........................................................................................................................223 ...........................................................................................................223 .....................................................................................................................224

    ....................................................................................................................................... 224 .........................................................................................................................................224 ..........................................................................................................................................225 ............................................................................................................................225 ................................................................................................225 .................................................................................................225 .................................................................................................225 ............................................................................................................................225 ..........................................................................................................................225

    ............................................................................................................................... 226 .....................................................................................................................................226

    ..................................................................................................... 227 : .................................... 229

    ................................................................................................................... 229 ................................................................................................................. 229

    B: ....................................................... 231 ................................................................................................................... 231 ................................................................................................................ 231

    ALT CTRL .....................................................................................................................................231 SPACEBAR..........................................................................................................................................233 SHIFT...................................................................................................................................................234 Shift Lock / Caps Lock..........................................................................................................................234 ">"...........................................................................................................................................234 "

  • .................................................................................................................................236 C: ............................... 239

    ................................................................................................................... 239 ....................................................................................... 239

    D: PYTHAGOR.INI ...................................... 241 MAXIDS ........................................................................................................................ 241 MAXUNDO.................................................................................................................... 241 EXT_DC_IMPORT........................................................................................................ 241 EXT_DC_EXPORT ....................................................................................................... 241 MOUSE_WHEEL_ZOOMING ....................................................................................... 242 AUTOMATIC_BACKUP ................................................................................................ 242 AUTOMATIC_SAVE ..................................................................................................... 242 AUTOMATIC_SAVE_INTERVAL .................................................................................. 242 CMDLINE...................................................................................................................... 242

    .................................................................................................................243

  • : Pythagoras CAD 1

    : Pythagoras CAD

    Pythagoras CAD

    Pythagoras CAD (Computer Aided Design) , , , . Pythagoras :

    Power Macintosh (MacOS X) Microsoft Windows 2000 XP

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  • 6 Microsoft Windows

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  • Microsoft Windows 7

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  • 9

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  • 11

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  • 12

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  • 13

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  • 15

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  • 16

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  • 19

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  • 21

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  • 23

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  • 27

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  • 31

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  • 35

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  • 36

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  • 37

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  • 40

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  • 41

    3.

    . , . - - X-Y.

    4. , OK.

    : Pythagoras , . US feet, . Pythagoras , . : , US Feet, Pythagoras US Feet. , . Pythagoras . Pythagoras . , feet, - . ( DXF , , ..) 1. .

    . . ( ) ( ). Pythagoras.

    2. OK. . ,

  • 42

    .

    : , , : X- , Y- .

    3. Tab.

    4. Tab.

    5. "x" Tab.

    6. "y" Tab.

    7. Enter .

    . 8. Ok.

    Tab .

    . CTRL, . . , , . , ( ). :

    . , .

    - . , . .

    3:

    , , , .

    / .

  • 43

    (). , , - . . 4096 . - . . . - Pythagoras. . , . () .

    , . : : . : . : ,

    Pythagoras. , . , .

    .

  • 44

    - , , . . : : ,

    NEZ ( XYZ), HDZ, HVD HVS. : , ;

    . : " "

    ( ), ( ) .

    : .

  • 45

    4:

    , , . . , .

    ,

    , : ,

    "" " ..."

    . .

    .

    Pythagoras .

    . , Pythagoras , .

    , .

    , , "Untitled 1". 1. ... .

    . .

    2. . 3. Enter Save.

  • 46

    : MAC WINDOWS . , .

    , ... . , ,

    . , . , . !

    , .

    ... , . Pythagoras DWG DXF .

    , . , , Pythagoras. , , .

    , -, . , , , .

  • 47

    1. ...

    . .

    : . , , , . , , . 2. OK. , . . .

    , , . , . . !

    .

    ! -.

    , , 1:1500. , . 1. .

    :

    , . ?

  • 48

    2. OK. . ( Windows). Power Macintosh , Pythagoras.

    3. . Pythagoras, . , OK. ( ). .

    4. . , - ; , 1/2328.

    5. ( - ), 2500 Enter.

    6. . .

    7. Ok. .

    1. . , , .

    2. .

    3. /.... .

    : , - ( - ). 1500 / 2500 = 0.6, 60 %. 100% . 4. ( 60)

    OK. Pythagoras .

    5. . .

    6. , .

  • 49

    5:

    Pythagoras. , . , 3D ( - X - Y - Z - Code) , .

    Pythagoras, ( CTRL+A) . , . Pythagoras 256 . (TIN) . DTM ( CTRL+I) ".

    ()

    - .

  • 50

    () , , , , . .

    , . , 4 . ( ) .

    . ( ). , .

    .

    - .

    : ( ).

    Pythagoras . () .

    X- . .

    .

  • 51

    , . , . CTRL . ( ), , .

    . :

    1. .

    .

    2. ( X ), . , .

  • 52

    .

  • 53

    3D-

    3D . . , , .

    () . ( CTRL+I). DTM .

    :

  • 54

    ( ), . . . . . 1. : . , () .

    ( %) . , , . - - . .

    , , , . 2. : . () , . .

  • 55

    6:

    .

    "".

    Heiberg.Pyt Pythagoras.

    CTRL+T. .

    .

    . .

    * .

  • 56

    , . .

    - - . =.

    +. " , , . . .

    ". OK. .

    . " . 255 OK. " " . 253 OK. , 255 ( ). 253 ( ). OK .

    , . , , . , . OK. .

  • 57

    - 0 , . .

    DTM.Pyt Pythagoras.

    . . . . . * . , . . .

  • 58

    OK.

  • 59

    0.5m. , .. .

    DTM.Pyt ".

    , .

    * . >= "".

    . .

    . 0.50 0.50m.

    . . "OK" 3 .

  • 60

    . - 500 000 km , - 1 000 000 km .

    Worldmap.pyt.

    . .

    ( ).

    .

    "Countries" ( ""!). . Area. . >.

    , 500 000. +. , 500 000. . .

    100%. . OK.

    - 1 000 000. + 1 000 000. . 100%. .

    OK. OK .

    , Countries" - 500 000 km, . - 1 000 000

  • 61

    km . - 500 000 km . , , , . . , ( 25%). ". . - .

  • 62 Pythagoras

    7: Pythagoras

    Pythagoras . Pythagoras .

    . .

    Pythagoras Europe_exercise.PYT.

    .

    "Diesel". : Pythagoras , .. , . ".

    .

  • Pythagoras 63

    . , +". "-". . "+" BioDiesel.

    Long , . , , , . . VBA. .

    "+" Diesel Cars. "Long".

    , Diesel/Car. :

    : , .

    OK .

    , ,

  • 64 Pythagoras

    , .

  • 65

    8:

    Pythagoras . Pythagoras 11 . , Pythagoras. . Pythagoras , , :

    Pythagoras . .

  • 67

    9:

    , .

    .

    ... ( ).

    Pythagoras , . Pythagoras . :

    DWG/DXF: Data Exchange Format (AutoDesk) ESRI SHAPE SICAD_SQD ( Windows)

    Pythagoras . . :

    DWG/DXF: Data Exchange Format (AutoDesk) ESRI SHAPE SICAD-SQD

    ( ) , .

    : .

    .

  • 68

    Pythagoras. , . , , . . . (/ ):

    ; .

    -> -> -> -> , , , , ,

    ... , . . ( ) , . . .

  • 69

    ( ) . . . : ( - ) P1 P2 50 . P1-P2.

    P1 = 0, 0, 0 P2 = 50, 0, 0

    .

    . P1 P2 50 ,

    . P1-P2.

    .

    .

    , .

  • 70

    Pythagoras , - . : ( ,

    ) .

    . , . ( ) . . .

    .

    - - ... . "_1". , . . - . .

    , . ( , -). . ( ) .

  • 71

    . - , . (-). . , - .

    ( %) . . . , , , . , . , . , , ( ). . . , ( ) 2 .

  • 72

  • 75

    1:

    Pythagoras . , Pythagoras.

    Pythagoras 5 . , . : 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Pythagoras :

    - XYZ : , XYZ ( X-).

    - NEZ : : North, East, (Z). - HDZ : : H ( ), D

    ( ), (Z). - HVD : H ( ), V ( ), D

    ( ). - HVS : H ( ), V ( ), S (

    ). - CDZ : C ( ), D ( ()

    ), Z (). , . -, -. : a) .

    XYZ ( x-) NEZ (North(Y)-East(X)). NEZ. b) : meter, mm, miles

    feet. meter. c) : GON (GRAD), Degrees, Radians Mil.

    GON. d) :

    . . e) : (Z) :

    - - . HVS HVD (100 GRAD = ) .

  • 76

    , -, . , Pythagoras .

    , . , . , ( = 0.0) x- north- ( XY NE) . -, . , . , - .

    ( ) X Y ( UTM ). . - , . - .

    . () 32 . . . , , . - . .

  • 77

    . , . XYZ, NEZ, HDZ, HVD HVS. :

    , .

    . , . , , ( ), . , - . , , . , , . . , . , , , .

    . . . , . , , . , . 0,0 .

  • 78

    2 Pythagoras , , , . . , . . , . , , , . . .

    , . Pythagoras 8 . : 1, 1050, A point, Error! Bookmark not defined.1, S1. Pythagoras . , Pythagoras. .

    Pythagoras, . (). Pythagoras 4096 . , , , . . , , ( /, /). , .

  • 79

    Pythagoras

    Pythagoras , . Windows Macintosh ( , , ..), . . 7: ..

    ()

    Pythagoras. () . . , .

    ()

    . . : 1. ; 2. ( - ) 3. , .

    , . . , . : ( ) . .

  • 80

    , ( 6). Pythagoras. -.

    (Pythagoras VBA)

    , VBA. VBA . , ( ).

    Pythagoras

    Pythagoras , . Pythagoras . , , . , . Pythagoras . . Pythagoras ( ), ( , , ). , .

    . Pythagoras .

  • 81

    , Pythagoras.

    XYZ, NEZ, HDZ, HVD HVS. . .

  • 83

    2:

    . . , .

    Apple Macintosh: chooser Microsoft Windows: Control Panel: printer.

    .

    . "Open" . (Open) . Open, Apple Macintosh MS-Windows. , , . , , . , , . . , . , ! Windows Pythagoras .PYT .PPD . .PYT Pythagoras, .PPD Pythagoras. : : ,

    . .

    : .

    , , , Pythagoras .

  • 84

    . ( Read-only Locked Mac). (Read-only), Pythagoras . , , . .

    .

    . .

    , , . .

    .

    . , . Pythagoras . . File Type ( ) . , Pythagoras. , Pythagoras 11, Pythagoras 10. , - . DWG DXF . , , , ( ) .. . .

  • 85

    - DWG DXF . , , . . - : , Pythagoras. . , , , . , Pythagoras , . Windows Pythagoras .PPD . . .

    . , , .

    , . . . , Pythagoras. () , . Pythagoras , . .

  • 86

    . . : S Sleeping () (..

    ) V Visible - (.. ,

    ) E Editable A Active - .

    , .

    , Pythagoras.

    , ( , , CAD ) . DXF/DWG , SHAPE ( Windows ) SQD , , , . Pythagoras , . :

    Pythagoras .

    : ,

  • 87

    .

    , . . (Microsoft Excel, Lotus 123, ...). , . . , . . .

    Pythagoras . XYZ NEZ CDZ . z - . : a) PntId X Y (Code) b) PntId X Y Z (Code) c) PntId X Y Z IH RH (Code) IH RH . , . C, .

  • 88

    Pythagoras . . , Pythagoras ( ), , .

    SHAPE-

    SHAPE ESRI (*.shp).

    ( *.dbf, *.txt *.csv ) Pythagoras.

    DXF/DWG

    AutoDesk DXF DWG .

    SICAD-SQD

    ( Windows) SQD SICAD.

    , ( ). , . , . , . , DC2. . , Pythagoras

  • 89

    , . Pythagoras F1, . , , , .

    Pythagoras . . Photoshop, Paintbrush. Pythagoras , Windows BMP (bitmap), TIFF, GeoTIFF, JPEG Pythagoras. , Pythagoras. BMP 16, 256 24- . RLE BMP Pythagoras. Pythagoras BMP/(Geo)TIFF ( Windows .IMG). ( , ). , Pythagoras , Pythagoras. . , Pythagoras. , , , . , . . , , , Pythagoras . Pythagoras , . . , , , ( - - ). . . Pythagoras .

  • 90

    : GeoTIFF TIFF. , GeoTIFF . . , , . : 1. 2.