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Ivan VraniQ

Archaeological Institute, Belgrade

"Early Classical Sett lements" and the Iron Age of the

Central Balkans: Issues of Ethnic Identi ty

In the Balkan archaeologies, ethnic identity has been traditionally treated

as a stable and monolithic category, readily recognizable in the material cultu-

re. The issue of "ethnogenesis" of the Palaeo-Balkan "peoples" is the domi-

nant topic and the basic research subject in culture-historical archaeology, to-

day regarded as the consequence of the modern European nationalisms. Star-

ting from the constructivist point, the paper seeks to examine the interpretati-

ons of ethnicity in the Balkan Iron Age, on the example of the so-called "early

Classical settlements" a series of mutually very similar fortified settlements

located in the vast lands of the Balkan hinterland, today in the territory of se-

veral modern states. These settlements are broadly dated into the period from

the 5th to the 3rd centuries BC, and have traditionally been interpreted as the

final phase of the ethnogenesis of the Palaeo-Balkan communities, supposed

to have been living in "tribal states", whose population has been recognized as

"people" or even "nation". In the traditional literature, the ethnic characteri-

stics have been readily recognized, projecting directly the modern socio-poli-

tical structures onto the communities of the past that could have been founded

on completely different group identity or political organization. The paper de-

als with the issue of the political aspects of these interpretations in various

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678

Balkan countries, favoring certain Palaeo-Balkan communities, and an at-

tempt is made to contextualize these nationalistic narratives into the present.

Key words: ethnic identity, Iron Age, Early Classical settlements, nationalism

"Agglomrations de la haute antiquit" et lge du fer dans

les Balkans centraux: questions didenti t ethnique

Lidentit ethnique dans les coles archologiques des Balkans est traditi-

onnellement traite comme une catgorie stable et monolithique reconnaissa-

ble dans la culture matrielle. La question de l"ethnogense" des "peuples"

palobalkaniques reprsente le thme dominant et lobjet principal de recher-

che dans larchologie historico-culturelle que lon considre aujourdhui avo-

ir t formule comme une consquence du nationalisme europen moderne.

Ce travail examine sous un angle constructiviste les interprtations dethnicit

dans lge du fer aux Balkans sur lexemple des agglomrations de la haute

Antiquit, des fortifications trs semblables situes sur le vaste territoire de

larrire-pays continental des Balkans se trouvant aujourdhui dans le cadre de

diffrents tats contemporains de larrire-pays continental des Balkans.

Lexistence des agglomrations est date approximativement dans la priode

entre le Ve et le IIIe sicle avant J. C. et est traditionnellement interprte

comme la phase finale de lethnogense des communauts palobalkaniques

que lon suppose vivre cette poque dans des "tats tribaux" dont les habi-

tants sont reconnus comme "peuple" ou mme comme "nation". La reconnais-

sance prcise des caractristiques ethniques, les anachronismes et la transposi-

tion directe des structures socio-politiques modernes sur des communauts du

pass, alors que celles-ci auraient pu tre tablies sur des bases entirement

diffrentes de lidentit de groupe ou dorganisation politique, reprsente la

caractristique principale des ouvrages traditionnels. Le principal objet de cet-

te tude sont prcisment la question des aspects politiques que revtent dans

diffrents pays balkaniques de telles interprtations privilgiant certaines

communauts palobalkaniques au dtriment des autres, ainsi que la tentative

de contextualisation de ces interprtations nationalistes lpoque actuelle.

Mots cls: identit ethnique, ge du fer, agglomrations de la haute

Antiquit, nationalisme

Primljeno: 02.08.2011.

PrihvaQeno: 31.08.2011.

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Ranoanticka Naselja i Gvozdeno Doba Centralnog Balkan Pitanja Etnickog Identiteta