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PERANGKAAN PETROLEUMDAN GAS ASLI
PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GASSTATISTICS
PE
RA
NG
KA
AN
PE
TR
OLE
UM
DA
N G
AS
AS
LI 2012
2012
ISSN 1675-7432
JABATAN PERANGKAAN MALAYSIADEPARTMENT OF STATISTICS, MALAYSIA
HARGA :PRICE :
BOLEH DIPEROLEH DARI : OBTAINABLE FROM :
Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia(Department Of Statistics, Malaysia)Unit Khidmat Pengguna,Blok C6, Kompleks C, Pusat Pentadbiran Kerajaan Persekutuan,62514 Putrajaya,MALAYSIA
Tel. : 03-88857000Faks / Fax : 03-88889248E-mel / E-mail : [email protected] Web : http://www.statistics.gov.myHomepage
RM20.00
DITERBIT DAN DICETAK OLEH JABATAN PERANGKAAN MALAYSIA
PERANGKAAN PETROLEUM DAN
GAS ASLI
PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS STATISTICS
2012
JABATAN PERANGKAAN MALAYSIA DEPARTMENT OF STATISTICS, MALAYSIA
MALAYSIA
i
Penerbitan ini mempersembahkan perangkaan industri perlombongan petroleum dan gas asli
berdasarkan data yang diperoleh daripada Banci Industri Perlombongan Minyak Mentah dan
Gas Asli Tahunan yang dijalankan bagi tahun rujukan 2011. Laporan ini turut memuatkan data
sekunder yang diperoleh daripada Petroliam Nasional Berhad (PETRONAS).
Objektif utama laporan ini adalah untuk menerbitkan data berkenaan perangkaan utama
industri petroleum dan gas asli iaitu output, input perantaraan, nilai ditambah, jumlah pekerja,
gaji & upah yang dibayar dan nilai harta tetap yang dimiliki. Ringkasan penemuan banci ini
dibentangkan di bahagian pertama laporan manakala bahagian kedua memberi fokus kepada
aspek teknikal banci seperti skop dan liputan, metodologi, definisi dan konsep yang
digunakan. Jadual-jadual perangkaan yang terperinci juga turut dipersembahkan bagi
membantu pengguna membuat analisis.
Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia mengambil kesempatan ini untuk merakamkan penghargaan
kepada semua pihak, terutamanya kepada syarikat yang membekalkan data dan menyumbang
kepada merealisasikan penerbitan ini. Sebarang cadangan dan pandangan ke arah
menambahbaik laporan ini pada masa hadapan amatlah dihargai.
DR. HAJI ABDUL RAHMAN BIN HASAN
Ketua Perangkawan
Malaysia
Disember 2012
KATA PENGANTAR
ii
This publication presents statistics on the petroleum and natural gas mining industry based on
data collected from the Annual Census of Crude Oil and Natural Gas Mining Industry for
reference year 2011. This report also consists of secondary data obtained from Petroliam
Nasional Berhad (PETRONAS).
The main objective of the report is to publish data pertaining to principal statistics of the
petroleum and natural gas industry i.e. output, intermediate input, value added, total number of
persons engaged, salaries & wages paid and value of fixed assets owned. The summary
findings of the census is contained in the first part of the report while the second part focuses on
the technical aspects of the census such as scope and coverage, methodology, definitions and
concepts used. Detailed statistical tables are presented to assist users in their analysis.
The Department of Statistics, Malaysia takes this opportunity to express sincere appreciation to
all parties concerned, in particular, to the companies for providing the data and their contributions
in realising this publication. All comments and suggestions towards improving future reports
would be greatly appreciated.
DR. HAJI ABDUL RAHMAN BIN HASAN
Chief Statistician
Malaysia
December 2012
PREFACE
iii
Muka surat
Page
Kata pengantar i
Preface
Ringkasan penemuan 3
Summary findings
Senarai jadual
List of tables
Jadual
Table
1. Perangkaan utama industri perlombongan petroleum dan gas asli, 2002 - 2011 41
Principal statistics of petroleum and natural gas mining industry, 2002 – 2011
2. Perangkaan utama industri perlombongan petroleum dan gas asli mengikut
taraf sah
42
Principal statistics of petroleum and natural gas mining industry by legal status,
2011
3. Perangkaan utama industri perlombongan petroleum dan gas asli mengikut
hak milik, 2011
43
Principal statistics of petroleum and natural gas mining industry by ownership, 2011
4. Perangkaan utama industri perlombongan petroleum dan gas asli mengikut
saiz pekerja, 2011
44
Principal statistics of petroleum and natural gas mining industry by employment
size,2011
5. Perangkaan utama industri perlombongan petroleum dan gas asli mengikut
saiz output, 2011
45
Principal statistics of petroleum and natural gas mining industry by output size, 2011
iv
Muka surat
Page
6. Perangkaan utama industri perlombongan petroleum dan gas asli mengikut
saiz harta tetap, 2011
46
Principal statistics of petroleum and natural gas mining industry by fixed assets size,
2011
7. Pekerja bergaji, gaji & upah dalam industri perlombongan petroleum dan gas
asli mengikut kategori pekerja, 2011
47
Paid employees, salaries & wages in the petroleum and natural gas mining industry
by category of workers, 2011
8. Bilangan pekerja dalam industri perlombongan petroleum dan gas asli
mengikut kelulusan akademik, 2011
48
Number of employees in the petroleum and natural gas mining industry by academic
qualification, 2011
9. Variabel terpilih dalam industri perlombongan petroleum dan gas asli,
2002- 2011
49
Selected variables in the petroleum and natural gas mining industry, 2002 - 2011
10. Nilai harta tetap dalam industri perlombongan petroleum dan gas asli
mengikut jenis harta tetap, 2011
50
Value of fixed assets in the petroleum and natural gas mining industry by type of
fixed assets, 2011
11. Penggunaan komputer, internet dan web presence dalam industri
perlombongan petroleum dan gas asli bagi tahun 2010 dan 2011
53
Usage of computer, internet and web presence in the petroleum and natural gas
mining industry for the year 2010 and 2011
12. Jenis rangkaian komputer yang digunakan dalam industri perlombongan
petroleum dan gas asli bagi tahun 2010 dan 2011
53
Types of computer network used in the petroleum and natural gas mining industry
for the year 2010 and 2011
v
Muka surat
Page
13. Jenis capaian internet dalam industri perlombongan petroleum and gas asli
bagi tahun 2010 dan 2011
54
Types of internet access in the petroleum and natural gas mining industry for the
year 2010 and 2011
14. Pertubuhan yang terlibat dalam pembelian dan jualan internet dalam industri
perlombongan petroleum dan gas asli 2010 dan 2011
54
The establishments involved in purchased and sales via the internet in the petroleum
and natural gas mining industry for the year 2010 and 2011
15. Penggunaan internet dalam industri perlombongan petroleum dan gas asli
bagi tahun 2010 and 2011
55
Internet usages in the petroleum and natural gas mining industry for the year 2010
and 2011
16. Harga purata ‘lifting’ berpemberat minyak mentah, 2002 - 2011 56
Weighted average lifting price of crude oil, 2002 – 2011
17. Pengeluaran bulanan minyak mentah dan gas asli, 2011 57
Monthly production of crude oil and natural gas, 2011
18. Pengeluaran minyak mentah dan gas asli, 2002 - 2011 58
Production of crude oil and natural gas, 2002 – 2011
19. Eksport dan import produk berasaskan petroleum, 2002 - 2011 59
Export and imports of petroleum - based products, 2002 - 2011
20. Pengeluaran produk petroleum bertapis, 2003 - 2011 60
Production of refined petroleum products, 2003 - 2011
vi
Muka surat
Page
21A. Keluaran Dalam Negeri Kasar mengikut jenis aktiviti ekonomi pada harga
semasa - RM Juta
61
Gross Domestic Product by kind of economic activity at current price - RM Million
21B. Keluaran Dalam Negeri Kasar mengikut jenis aktiviti ekonomi pada harga
semasa - perubahan peratusan tahunan
62
Gross Domestic Product by kind of economic activity at current price - annual
percentage change
21C. Keluaran Dalam Negeri Kasar mengikut jenis aktiviti ekonomi pada harga
semasa - pembahagian peratusan KDNK
63
Gross Domestic Product by kind of economic activity at current price - percentage
share of GDP
22A. Keluaran Dalam Negeri Kasar mengikut jenis aktiviti ekonomi pada harga
malar 2005 - RM Juta
64
Gross Domestic Product by kind of economic activity at constant 2005 prices
- RM Million
22B. Keluaran Dalam Negeri Kasar mengikut jenis aktiviti ekonomi pada harga
Malar 2005 - perubahan peratusan tahunan
65
Gross Domestic Product by kind of economic activity at constant 2005 prices
- annual percentage change
22C. Keluaran Dalam Negeri Kasar mengikut jenis aktiviti ekonomi pada harga
Malar 2005 - pembahagian peratusan KDNK
66
Gross Domestic Product by kind of economic activity at constant 2005 prices
- percentage share of GDP
Maklumat tambahan 69
Additional information
RINGKASAN PENEMUAN SUMMARY FINDINGS
3
RINGKASAN PENEMUAN
PERANGKAAN PETROLEUM DAN GAS ASLI PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS STATISTICS
2012
Jadual 1 : Perangkaan utama industri petroleum dan gas asli, 2010 dan 2011
Angkubah 2010 2011 Kadar pertumbuhan tahunan,
%
Output kasar (RM bilion) 98.1 109.2 11.3
Input perantaraan (RM bilion) 11.1 16.1 45.1
Nilai ditambah (RM bilion) 87.0 93.1 7.0
Jumlah pekerja (bilangan) 12,919 13,304 3.0
Gaji dan upah (RM bilion) 2.5 2.8 11.9
Nilai harta tetap (RM bilion) 141.2 146.5 3.8
1. Pendahuluan
Penerbitan ini mempersembahkan data bagi industri perlombongan petroleum dan gas asli untuk
tahun rujukan 2011, berdasarkan Banci Industri Perlombongan Minyak Mentah dan Gas Asli Tahunan
yang telah dijalankan pada tahun 2012. Turut dimuatkan di dalam penerbitan ini adalah data
sekunder yang diperoleh dari Petroliam Nasional Berhad (PETRONAS).
2. Prestasi keseluruhan
Sumbangan industri perlombongan petroleum dan gas asli kepada Keluaran Dalam Negeri Kasar
(KDNK) pada tahun 2011 adalah sebanyak 8.7 peratus (pada harga malar 2005) berbanding
9.7 peratus pada 2010. Prestasi industri petroleum dan gas asli di Malaysia bagi tahun rujukan 2011
berbanding tahun rujukan 2010 yang diperoleh daripada Banci ditunjukkan dalam Jadual 1.
Jadual 1 menunjukkan nilai output kasar pada tahun 2011 berjumlah RM109.2 bilion peningkatan
sebanyak RM11.1 bilion atau 11.3 peratus berbanding RM98.1 bilion pada tahun 2010. Nilai output
kasar dinilai pada harga unit di telaga. Nilai input perantaraan juga mencatatkan peningkatan
45.1 peratus pada tahun 2011. Sehubungan itu, nilai ditambah, iaitu perbezaan antara nilai output
kasar dan input perantaraan meningkat sebanyak RM6.1 bilion atau 7.0 peratus. Manakala, jumlah
guna tenaga menunjukkan peningkatan sebanyak 385 orang pekerja atau 3.0 peratus kepada 13,304
orang pekerja berbanding 12,919 orang pekerja pada tahun 2010.
4
RINGKASAN PENEMUAN
PERANGKAAN PETROLEUM DAN GAS ASLI PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS STATISTICS
2012
3. Guna tenaga
Pada tahun 2011, industri perlombongan minyak mentah dan gas asli mencatatkan jumlah pekerja
seramai 13,304 orang. Taburan pekerja sepenuh masa mengikut kategori pekerja dan gaji & upah
yang dibayar ditunjukkan dalam Jadual 2. Pekerja pengurusan dan profesional merupakan kategori
pekerja terbesar dengan catatan sebanyak 57.8 peratus (7,696 orang) pekerja dalam tahun rujukan.
Mereka menerima gaji & upah tertinggi iaitu sebanyak RM2.2 bilion atau 77.4 peratus daripada
jumlah gaji & upah dibayar. Sementara itu, sebanyak 24.7 peratus atau 3,282 orang merupakan
pekerja teknik dan penyeliaan dan 7.2 peratus atau 958 orang adalah pekerja perkeranian dan
pekerjaan yang berkaitan.
Jadual 2 : Bilangan pekerja mengikut kategori pekerja, 2011
Kategori pekerja
Pekerja Gaji & Upah
Purata
gaji
setahun
diterima
setiap
pekerja
(RM)
Bilangan % (RM ’000) %
a. Pengurusan dan profesional
b. Teknik dan penyeliaan
c. Perkeranian dan pekerjaan berkaitan
d. Pekerja am
e. Pekerja pengeluaran/ operatif diambil
bekerja secara langsung
f. Pekerja pengeluaran/ operatif diambil
bekerja melalui kontraktor buruh
7,696
3,282
958
327
621
420
57.8
24.7
7.2
2.5
4.7
3.2
2,177,155
383,171
59,026
16,055
142,454
33,756
77.4
13.6
2.1
0.6
5.1
1.2
282,889
116,749
61,614
49,098
229,394
80,371
Jumlah 13,304 100.0 2,811,577 100.0 211,333
Nilai harta tetap yang dimiliki pada 2011 meningkat kepada RM146.5 bilion, peningkatan sebanyak
3.8 peratus berbanding RM141.2 bilion yang dilaporkan pada tahun sebelumnya. Perbelanjaan modal
terbesar adalah bagi jentera dan kelengkapan yang menyumbang kira-kira 46.6 peratus daripada
keseluruhan perbelanjaan modal dalam tahun rujukan.
5
RINGKASAN PENEMUAN
PERANGKAAN PETROLEUM DAN GAS ASLI PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS STATISTICS
2012
Jantina Ijazah Lanjutan
Ijazah Universiti /
yang setaraf
Diploma / yang setaraf
STPM / yang setaraf
SPM / yang setaraf
Jumlah Di bawah SPM/SPMV
Lelaki 682 4,734 1,608 1,335 1,515 10,046 172
Perempuan 197 1,842 588 227 379 3,258 25
Bil
an
ga
n o
ran
g (
%)
Analisis guna tenaga mengikut kelulusan akademik seperti yang ditunjukkan dalam Carta 1
menunjukkan bahawa kumpulan terbesar pekerja adalah daripada golongan pemegang ijazah
universiti atau setaraf dengan 49.4 peratus, diikuti oleh diploma atau setaraf, 16.5 peratus dan SPM
atau setaraf, 14.2 peratus. Dari segi guna tenaga mengikut jantina, pekerja lelaki secara signifikan
lebih dominan dalam industri perlombongan petroleum dan gas asli, dengan catatan sebanyak
75.5 peratus (10,046 orang) daripada jumlah pekerja, manakala selebihnya iaitu 24.5 peratus
(3,258 orang) adalah pekerja perempuan. Pekerja lelaki juga mendominasi industri ini pada setiap
peringkat kelulusan.
Seperti yang dipaparkan di atas, pekerja lelaki yang memiliki kelulusan ijazah universiti atau yang
setaraf adalah yang tertinggi iaitu sebanyak 72.0 peratus (4,734 orang) berbanding 28.0 peratus
(1,842 orang) pekerja perempuan.
Kategori pengurusan dan profesional mencatatkan purata gaji tahunan yang tertinggi iaitu sebanyak
RM282,889 diikuti oleh pekerja pengeluaran/ operatif diambil bekerja secara langsung
(RM229,394), pekerja teknik dan penyeliaan (RM116,749) dan pekerja pengeluaran/ operatif diambil
bekerja melalui kontraktor buruh (RM80,371) seperti yang dipaparkan dalam Jadual 2.
6
RINGKASAN PENEMUAN
PERANGKAAN PETROLEUM DAN GAS ASLI PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS STATISTICS
2012
Sumber : PETRONAS
MMSCF: (Juta) Kaki Padu Standard
To
ng
(ju
ta)
MM
SC
F
Tahun
4. Pengeluaran minyak mentah, peluwap dan gas asli
Prestasi pengeluaran minyak mentah dan gas asli untuk tempoh 2001 hingga 2011 ditunjukkan dalam
Carta 2. Pengeluaran minyak mentah paling tinggi dicatatkan pada tahun 2004 iaitu sebanyak 279 juta
tong, menurun kepada 257 (-8.0 peratus) dan 243 (-5.2 peratus) juta tong pada tahun 2005 dan 2006.
Namun, pada tahun 2007 dan 2008, pengeluaran minyak mentah masing-masing meningkat
sebanyak 2.4 dan 1.1 peratus. Pada tahun 2009, pengeluaran minyak mentah kembali jatuh sebanyak
4.5 peratus daripada 252 juta tong pada tahun 2008. Pada tahun 2010 dan 2011, pengeluaran minyak
mentah terus menunjukkan penurunan masing-masing sebanyak 3.1 peratus dan 10.7 peratus
berbanding tahun sebelumnya. Pengeluaran gas asli pula menunjukkan peningkatan yang positif
bermula tahun 2001 dengan kemuncaknya pada tahun 2008. Walau bagaimanapun, pada tahun 2009
pengeluaran gas asli menunjukkan penurunan sebanyak 1.7 peratus dan kembali meningkat
sebanyak 1.9 peratus pada tahun 2010 dengan catatan sebanyak 2,159 juta kaki padu standard
(MMSCF). Pada tahun 2011, pengeluaran gas asli terus menunjukkan peningkatan sebanyak
0.3 peratus kepada 2,165 juta MMSCF.
Produk
2009
2010
2011
Peratusan Perubahan Tahunan
Minyak mentah (juta tong) 240 233 207 (3.1) (10.7)
Gas asli (MMSCF) 2,119 2,159 2,165 1.9 0.3
2010 2011
Nota: Jumlah pengeluaran minyak mentah merujuk kepada pengeluaran minyak mentah dan peluwap, sementara jumlah pengeluaran gas asli merangkumi pengeluaran gas asli bersekutu dan gas asli tidak bersekutu.
7
RINGKASAN PENEMUAN
PERANGKAAN PETROLEUM DAN GAS ASLI PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS STATISTICS
2012
Australia, India, Thailand dan Jepun merupakan negara pembeli utama petroleum mentah dari
Malaysia pada tahun 2011. Australia merupakan pengimport terbesar petroleum mentah dari
Malaysia iaitu sebanyak 31.4 peratus. Ini seterusnya diikuti oleh India (18.8 peratus), Thailand
(16.6 peratus) dan Jepun (7.5 peratus), seperti yang dipaparkan dalam Carta 3.
Carta 3 : Eksport petroleum mentah Malaysia mengikut negara, 2011
Australia
Thailand
China
India
Negara lain
Jepun
Jumlah :
RM32.5 bilion
5. Eksport dan import produk berasaskan petroleum
Seperti yang ditunjukkan dalam Jadual 3, eksport produk berasaskan petroleum (termasuk
dieksport semula) pada tahun 2011 adalah berjumlah RM117.5 bilion atau 16.8 peratus daripada
jumlah eksport Malaysia. Gas asli cecair merupakan komoditi eksport terbesar iaitu sebanyak
RM52.0 bilion (44.3 peratus) pada tahun 2011. Manakala, eksport produk petroleum mencatatkan
nilai RM33.0 bilion (28.1 peratus) dan petroleum mentah pula sebanyak RM32.5 bilion
(27.6 peratus).
Komoditi import yang terbesar pada tahun 2011 adalah import produk petroleum yang bernilai
RM32.7 bilion (57.7 peratus), diikuti petroleum mentah bernilai RM24.0 bilion (42.3 peratus).
Jadual 3: Eksport dan import produk berasaskan petroleum, 2011
Produk Eksport (RM bilion) Import (RM bilion) % %
a. Petroleum mentah
b. Produk petroleum
c. Gas asli cecair
32.5
33.0
52.0
24.0
32.7
-
42.3
57.7
-
27.6
28.1
44.3
Jumlah 117.5 56.7 100.0 100.0
Sumber : Perangkaan Perdagangan Luar Negeri, Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia
8
RINGKASAN PENEMUAN
PERANGKAAN PETROLEUM DAN GAS ASLI PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS STATISTICS
2012
6. Eksport Gas Asli Cecair
Pada tahun 2011, negara Jepun kekal mendominasi hasil eksport gas asli cecair terbesar dari
Malaysia dengan catatan sebanyak 68.3 peratus daripada jumlah eksport komoditi ini, seperti dalam
Carta 5. Ini diikuti oleh Taiwan dan Republik Korea, masing-masing 15.5 peratus dan 11.6 peratus.
Carta 5 : Eksport gas asli cecair Malaysia mengikut negara, 2011
Jepun 68.3%
Republik Korea 11.6%
Taiwan 15.5%
Jumlah : RM52.0 bilion
Negara lain
4.6 %
Seperti yang dipaparkan dalam Carta 4, Arab Saudi dan Qatar merupakan dua negara pengeksport
utama petroleum mentah ke Malaysia, iaitu sebanyak 38.4 peratus, diikuti oleh Vietnam
(15.1 peratus) dan Gabon (12.1 peratus).
Negara lain Arab Saudi
Qatar
Carta 4 : Import petroleum mentah Malaysia mengikut negara, 2011
Jumlah :
RM24.0 bilion
Vietnam
Gabon
Emiriah Arab Bersatu
Iran
Australia
9
RINGKASAN PENEMUAN
PERANGKAAN PETROLEUM DAN GAS ASLI PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS STATISTICS
2012
7. Harga purata bulanan minyak mentah, 2011
Carta 6 menunjukkan harga purata bulanan dan harga purata terkumpul minyak mentah yang
dicatatkan pada 2011. Harga purata bulanan bagi se tong minyak mentah menunjukkan aliran yang
tidak sekata sepanjang tahun. Harga purata bulanan minyak mentah terendah dicatatkan pada
bulan Januari 2011 iaitu sebanyak USD94.13 se tong. Harga purata minyak mentah mencapai
harga purata tertinggi pada bulan April 2011 dengan nilai sebanyak USD124.07 se tong.
8. Penggunaan ICT
Penggunaan ICT dalam industri perlombongan minyak mentah dan gas asli adalah penting kerana
ia banyak melibatkan penggunaan sistem teknologi yang tinggi dalam melaksanakan proses
pengekstrakan minyak mentah dan gas asli. Ini selari dengan maklumat yang dilaporkan dalam
Banci dengan 100 peratus pertubuhan yang menjalankan aktiviti pengekstrakan minyak mentah dan
gas asli dilaporkan menggunakan komputer, internet dan web presence pada tahun 2011
(Carta 7).
Carta 6 : Harga purata bulanan dan harga purata terkumpul minyak mentah, 2011
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
125
130
Jan Feb Mac Apr Mei Jun Jul Ogos Sep Okt Nov Dis
Harga purata bulanan Harga purata terkumpul
Sumber : PETRONAS Bulan
USD124.07
USD94.13
US
D s
e t
on
g
10
RINGKASAN PENEMUAN
PERANGKAAN PETROLEUM DAN GAS ASLI PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS STATISTICS
2012
Seperti yang dipaparkan dalam Carta 8, pertubuhan dalam industri perlombongan minyak mentah
dan gas asli 100 peratus menggunakan rangkaian intranet, rangkaian kawasan setempat dan
rangkaian kawasan luas di dalam industri ini dan hanya 50 peratus sahaja pertubuhan yang
menggunakan rangkaian extranet. Extranet adalah merujuk kepada rangkaian tertutup yang
menggunakan protokol internet untuk keselamatan iaitu berkongsi maklumat perusahaan dengan
pembekal, vendor, pelanggan atau rakan kongsi perniagaan lain.
Carta 7 : Penggunaan komputer, internet dan web presence, 2011
Carta 8 : Jenis penggunaan rangkaian komputer dalam industri perlombongan minyak mentah dan gas asli, 2011
11
RINGKASAN PENEMUAN
PERANGKAAN PETROLEUM DAN GAS ASLI PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS STATISTICS
2012
Dalam industri perlombongan minyak mentah dan gas asli, sebanyak 94.0 peratus pekerja
dilaporkan menggunakan komputer dan 68.2 peratus pekerja dilaporkan menggunakan internet
pada tahun 2011. Berdasarkan kepada Jadual 4, kumpulan pertubuhan dengan saiz pekerja kurang
daripada 1,000 orang merupakan kumpulan yang paling ramai menggunakan komputer (95.2%).
Manakala, kumpulan pertubuhan dengan saiz pekerja 1,000 orang dan lebih mencatatkan
penggunaan internet yang tertinggi iaitu sebanyak 69.9 peratus.
Pada tahun 2011, penggunaan akses internet dalam industri minyak mentah dan gas asli adalah
lebih tertumpu kepada penggunaan akses internet menggunakan jalur lebar tetap dengan catatan
sebanyak 93.8 peratus, diikuti oleh jalur lebar mudah alih (37.5 peratus) dan jalur sempit
(25.0 peratus) (Carta 9).
Jadual 4 : Kadar pekerja yang menggunakan komputer dan internet dalam industri perlombongan minyak mentah dan gas asli, 2011
Carta 9 : Jenis penggunaan akses internet dalam industri perlombongan minyak mentah dan gas asli, 2011
12
RINGKASAN PENEMUAN
PERANGKAAN PETROLEUM DAN GAS ASLI PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS STATISTICS
2012
Jadual 5 menunjukkan peratus pertubuhan yang membuat dan menerima pesanan melalui internet
pada tahun 2010 dan 2011. Seperti dipaparkan dalam Jadual, 37.5 peratus pertubuhan membuat
pesanan untuk pembelian melalui internet pada tahun 2010 dan 2011.
Manakala 18.8 peratus menerima pesanan barangan atau perkhidmatan melalui internet pada tahun
2011, penurunan sebanyak 6.2 peratus berbanding tahun 2010. Daripada jumlah pendapatan yang
diterima berjumlah RM28.5 bilion pada tahun 2011, RM3.7 bilion adalah nilai jualan yang diperoleh
melalui jualan internet.
Jadual 5 : Pembelian atau barangan perkhidmatan dalam industri perlombongan minyak mentah dan gas asli, 2010 dan 2011
13
SUMMARY FINDINGS
PERANGKAAN PETROLEUM DAN GAS ASLI PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS STATISTICS
2012
Variables 2010 2011 Annual growth rate
%
Gross output (RM billion) 98.1 109.2 11.3
Intermediate input (RM billion) 11.1 16.1 45.1
Value added (RM billion) 87.0 93.1 7.0
Total persons engaged (number) 12,919 13,304 3.0
Salaries & wages (RM billion) 2.5 2.8 11.9
Value of fixed assets (RM billion) 141.2 146.5 3.8
Table 1 : Principal statistics of petroleum and natural gas mining industry, 2010 and 2011
1. Introduction
This publication presents data on the petroleum and natural gas mining industry for reference year
2011, based on the Annual Census of Crude Oil and Natural Gas Mining Industry conducted in
2012. Secondary data obtained from Petroliam Nasional Berhad (PETRONAS) are also presented in
this publication.
2. Overall performance
The share of the petroleum and natural gas mining industry to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in
2011, was 8.7 per cent (at constant 2005 prices), while the comparative figure in 2010 was
9.7 per cent. The performance of the petroleum and natural gas mining industry in Malaysia for
reference year 2011 as compared to 2010 which was obtained from the Census is shown in Table 1.
Table 1 showed the total value of gross output in 2011 was RM109.2 billion, an increase of
RM11.1 billion or 11.3 per cent from RM98.1 billion in 2010. The value of gross output is valued at
ex-well unit price. The value of intermediate input also recorded an increase of 45.1 per cent in
2011. Thus, value added, which is the difference between value of gross output and intermediate
input, increased by RM6.1 billion or 7.0 per cent. Total employment registered an increase of
385 employees or 3.0 per cent to record 13,304 as compared to 12,919 employees in 2010.
14
SUMMARY FINDINGS
PERANGKAAN PETROLEUM DAN GAS ASLI PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS STATISTICS
2012
3. Employment
In 2011, the petroleum and natural gas mining industry recorded a total of 13,304 employees. The
distribution of full-time employees by category of workers and salaries & wages paid is shown in
Table 2. The largest category of workers is managerial and professional accounted for 57.8 per cent
(7,696 persons) of all employees in the reference year. They received the highest salaries & wages
at RM2.2 billion, or 77.4 per cent from the total salaries & wages paid. Meanwhile, 24.7 per cent or
3,282 were employed as technical and supervisory workers and 7.2 per cent or 958 were
clerical and related occupations.
Table 2 : Number of employees by category of workers, 2011
Category of workers
Employees Salaries & wages Average
annual salary
received per
employee
(RM) Number % (RM ’000) %
a. Managerial and professional
b. Technical and supervisory
c. Clerical and related occupations
d. General workers
e. Production/ operative workers directly employed
f. Production/ operative workers employed
through labour contractors
7,696
3,282
958
327
621
420
57.8
24.7
7.2
2.5
4.7
3.2
2,177,155
383,171
59,026
16,055
142,454
33,756
77.4
13.6
2.1
0.6
5.1
1.2
282,889
116,749
61,614
49,098
229,394
80,371
Total 13,304 100.0 2,811,577 100.0 211,333
The managerial and professional category also recorded the highest average annual salary of
RM282,889 followed by production/ operative workers directly employed (RM229,394), technical and
supervisory (RM116,749), and production/ operative workers employed through labour contractors
(RM80,371), as shown in Table 2.
The value of fixed assets owned in 2011 rose to RM146.5 billion, an increase of 3.8 per cent
compared to RM141.2 billion reported in the previous year. The largest capital expenditure incurred
was machinery and equipment, representing 46.6 per cent of total capital expenditure in the reference
year.
15
SUMMARY FINDINGS
PERANGKAAN PETROLEUM DAN GAS ASLI PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS STATISTICS
2012
Nu
mb
er
of
pe
rso
ns
(%
)
Gender Post-graduate
University degree/
equivalent
Diploma / equivalent
STPM / equivalent
SPM / equivalent Total
Below SPM/SPMV
Male 682 4,734 1,608 1,335 1,515 10,046 172
Female 197 1,842 588 227 379 3,258 25
An analysis of employment by academic qualification as shown in Chart 1 indicates that the largest
group of employees were a university degree holders or equivalent with 49.4 per cent, followed by
diploma or equivalent, 16.5 per cent and SPM or equivalent, 14.2 percent. In terms of employment by
gender, male employees were significantly dominant constituting 75.5 per cent (10,046 persons) of
total employment while the remaining 24.5 per cent (3,258 employees) were females. Males
employees also dominated the industry at every level of qualifications (Chart 1) .
As shown above, male employees with university degree or equivalent were the highest, accounted
for 72.0 per cent (4,734 persons) as compared with 28.0 per cent (1,842 persons) of female
employees.
16
SUMMARY FINDINGS
PERANGKAAN PETROLEUM DAN GAS ASLI PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS STATISTICS
2012
Barr
el (m
illio
n)
Source : PETRONAS
MMSCF: Million Standard Cubic Feet
Year
Product
2009
2010
2011
Annual percentage change
Crude oil (million barrel) 240 233 207 (3.1) (10.7)
Natural gas (MMSCF) 2,119 2,159
2,165 1.9 0.3
2010 2011
MM
SC
F
4. Production of crude oil, condensate and natural gas
The performance of production of crude oil and natural gas for the period 2001 to 2011 is shown in
Chart 2. Production of crude oil peaked to 279 million barrels in 2004 and dropped to
257 (-8.0 per cent) and 243 (-5.2 per cent) million barrels in 2005 and 2006 respectively. However,
in 2007 and 2008, production of crude oil increased by 2.4 and 1.1 per cent respectively. In 2009, it
decreased by 4.5 per cent from 252 million barrels in 2008. In 2010 and 2011, it continued to
decline by 3.1 per cent and 10.7 per cent respectively as compared to the previous year. On the
other hand, production of natural gas shows a positive upward trend since 2001 and peaked in
2008. However, in 2009 it decreased by 1.7 per cent and subsequently rose by 1.9 per cent in 2010
to record a production of 2,159 million standard cubic feet (MMSCF). In 2011, it continued to
increase by 0.3 per cent to record 2,165 MMSCF.
Notes: Total production of crude oil refers to the production of crude oil and condensate, while the total production of natural gas includes associated natural gas and non-associated natural gas.
17
SUMMARY FINDINGS
PERANGKAAN PETROLEUM DAN GAS ASLI PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS STATISTICS
2012
The largest import commodity in 2011 was petroleum products with a value of RM32.7 billion
(57.7 per cent) followed by imports of crude petroleum, RM24.0 billion (42.3 per cent).
Australia, India, Thailand and Japan were the major buyers of crude petroleum from Malaysia in
2011. Australia was the biggest importer of crude petroleum from Malaysia with a share of
31.4 per cent. This was followed by India (18.8 per cent), Thailand (16.6 per cent) and Japan
(7.5 per cent), as shown in Chart 3.
Australia
Thailand
India
Other countries
Japan
Total : RM32.5 billion
China
Chart 3 : Malaysia’s exports of crude petroleum by country, 2011
5. Exports and imports of petroleum-based products
As shown in Table 3, exports of petroleum-based products (including re-export) in 2011 amounted to
RM117.5 billion or 16.8 per cent of total exports in Malaysia. Liquefied natural gas was the largest
export commodity accounted for RM52.0 billion (44.3 per cent) in 2011. Meanwhile, the exports of
petroleum products registered a value of RM33.0 billion (28.1 per cent) and crude petroleum was
RM32.5 billion (27.6 per cent).
Table 3 : Exports and imports of petroleum-based products, 2011
Product Exports (RM billion) Imports (RM billion) % %
a. Crude petroleum
b. Petroleum products
c. Liquefied natural gas
32.5
33.0
52.0
24.0
32.7
-
27.6
28.1
44.3
42.3
57.7
-
Total 117.5 56.7 100.0 100.0
Source : External Trade Statistics, Department of Statistics, Malaysia
18
SUMMARY FINDINGS
PERANGKAAN PETROLEUM DAN GAS ASLI PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS STATISTICS
2012
6. Exports of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG)
In 2011, Japan remained as the largest importer of liquefied natural gas from Malaysia registered
68.3 per cent of the total exports of this commodity as shown in Chart 5. This was followed by
Taiwan and Republic of Korea which registered 15.5 per cent and 11.6 per cent respectively.
As shown in Chart 4, Saudi Arabia and Qatar were the two primary exporter countries of crude
petroleum to Malaysia, accounting for 38.4 per cent, followed by Vietnam (15.1 per cent) and Gabon
(12.1 per cent).
Chart 4 : Malaysia’s imports of crude petroleum by country, 2011
Gabon
Saudi Arabia
Vietnam
Other countries
Total : RM24.0 billion
Iran
Qatar
Australia
United Arab Emirates
Chart 5 : Malaysia’s exports of liquified natural gas by country, 2011
Japan 68.3%
Republic of Korea 11.6%
Taiwan 15.5%
Total : RM52.0 billion
Other countries
4.6 %
19
SUMMARY FINDINGS
PERANGKAAN PETROLEUM DAN GAS ASLI PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS STATISTICS
2012
7. Monthly average price of crude oil, 2011
Chart 6 illustrates the monthly average price and cumulative average price of crude oil recorded in
2011. Throughout the year the monthly average price per barrel of crude oil shows a volatile trend.
The lowest average price of crude oil was USD94.13 per barrel recorded in January 2011. The
average price of crude oil reached its peak in April 2011 with the value of USD124.07 per barrel.
8. Usage of ICT
The usage of ICT in the crude oil and natural gas mining industry is crucial because it involves the
use of high technology systems in performing the extraction of crude oil and natural gas. This is
consistent with the information reported in the Census with a 100 per cent usage of computers,
internet and web presence for the establishments engaged in extraction of crude oil and natural
gas in 2011 (Chart 7).
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
125
130
Jan Feb Mar Apr May June Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Chart 6 : Monthly average price and cumulative average price of crude oil, 2011
Cumulative average price
Source : PETRONAS Month
US
D p
er
ba
rrel
USD124.07
USD94.13
Monthly average price
20
SUMMARY FINDINGS
PERANGKAAN PETROLEUM DAN GAS ASLI PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS STATISTICS
2012
As shown in Chart 8, 100 per cent of the establishments in the crude oil and natural gas mining
industry used intranet network, local area network (LAN) and wide area network (WAN), while only
50 per cent of establishments used extranet network. An extranet network refers to a closed network
that uses internet protocol to securely share an enterprise’s information with suppliers, vendors,
customers or other businesses partners.
In 2011, 94.0 per cent of employees in this industry reported using computers and 68.2 per cent of
employees reported using the internet. Based on Table 4, the group of establishments with less than
1,000 employees recorded the largest proportion of computer use (95.2 per cent). Meanwhile, the
groups of establishments with 1,000 employees and above registered the highest usage of internet,
accounting at 69.9 per cent .
Chart 7 : Usage of computer, internet and web presence, 2011
Chart 8 : Type of computer network used in the crude oil and natural gas mining industry, 2011
21
SUMMARY FINDINGS
PERANGKAAN PETROLEUM DAN GAS ASLI PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS STATISTICS
2012
In 2011, the type of internet access mainly used in the crude oil and natural gas mining industry was
fixed broadband which recorded 93.8 per cent, followed by mobile broadband (37.5 per cent) and
narrowband (25.0 per cent) (Chart 9).
Table 5 shows the proportion of establishments involved in purchases and sales for goods and
services via the internet in 2010 and 2011. As shown in the Table, 37.5 per cent of establishments
used the internet to make purchase for 2010 and 2011.
Meanwhile 18.8 per cent received an order for goods or services via the internet in 2011, a decrease
of 6.2 per cent compared to 2010. Out of the total revenue received which was RM28.5 billion in
2011, RM3.7 billion was obtained from sales via the internet.
Table 4 : Proportion of employees using computer and internet in the crude oil and natural gas mining industry, 2011
Chart 9 : Types of internet access used in crude oil and natural gas mining industry, 2011
Table 5 : Purchases and sales for goods or services in crude oil and natural gas mining industry, 2010 and 2011
NOTA TEKNIKAL TECHNICAL NOTES
25
PERANGKAAN PETROLEUM DAN GAS ASLI PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS STATISTICS 2012
NOTA TEKNIKAL
Pendahuluan Laporan ini memuatkan maklumat industri perlombongan petroleum dan gas asli
bagi tahun rujukan 2011. Banci ini telah dijalankan pada tahun 2012.
Objektif Objektif utama Banci adalah untuk mengumpul maklumat tentang pertumbuhan,
sumbangan, komposisi dan taburan output, nilai ditambah, guna tenaga dan
pemboleh ubah lain bagi sektor ini untuk membantu kerajaan dalam perancangan
pembangunan dan penggubalan dasar. Maklumat tersebut boleh juga digunakan
oleh pihak swasta serta individu bagi tujuan membuat analisis ekonomi.
Kuasa Banci / penyiasatan dilaksanakan di bawah Akta Perangkaan 1965 (Disemak 1989).
Di bawah Akta ini, kandungan soal selidik yang diterima adalah sulit. Selaras
dengan keperluan Akta ini, hanya angka agregat diterbitkan.
Skop dan Banci ini meliputi semua pertubuhan yang terlibat dalam menjalankan aktiviti
eksplorasi perlombongan minyak mentah dan gas asli. Data sekunder diperoleh dari
Petroliam Nasional Berhad (PETRONAS) di mana ianya adalah merupakan sumber
utama rangka bagi banci ini.
Konsep dan Konsep dan definisi yang digunakan berasaskan kepada syor United Nations
Statistics Division. Konsep tersebut adalah mengikut amalan yang telah diterima
pakai dan dengan itu memudahkan perbandingan data di peringkat antarabangsa.
Takrif perlombongan yang digunakan dalam banci ini adalah seperti berikut:
“Perlombongan adalah ditakrifkan sebagai pengekstrakan, pembersihan dan
pemanfaatan mineral-mineral semulajadi, berbentuk pepejal seperti arang batu dan
bijih, cecair seperti minyak mentah dan berbentuk gas seperti gas asli.
Perlombongan termasuk lombong bawah tanah dan lombong permukaan, kuari dan
telaga-telaga dan semua kegiatan tambahan untuk pembersihan dan pemanfaatan
bijih dan mineral mentah lain seperti pemecahan, penapisan, pembasuhan,
pembersihan, penggredan, pengilangan, pengapungan, peleburan, penggentelan,
pengkacipan dan persiapan-persiapan lain yang diperlukan bagi menyediakan
bahan-bahan ini untuk membolehkannya dipasarkan. Aktiviti perlombongan juga
dikelaskan kepada kumpulan-kumpulan berdasarkan mineral utama yang
dikeluarkan.”
perundangan
liputan
definisi
26
PERANGKAAN PETROLEUM DAN GAS ASLI PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS STATISTICS 2012
NOTA TEKNIKAL
Tahun rujukan Tahun rujukan bagi banci adalah tahun takwim 2011. Walau bagaimanapun, bagi
pertubuhan yang tahun kewangannya berbeza kurang daripada enam bulan
berbanding tahun takwim, angka tahun kewangan diterima pakai sebagai mewakili
tahun takwim.
Metodologi Banci dilaksanakan secara mel dengan menggunakan borang soal selidik yang
standard. Responden diberi tempoh sehingga dua bulan untuk melengkap dan
mengembalikan borang soal selidik tersebut kepada Jabatan ini.
Unit melapor Banci ini dilaksanakan berasaskan pendekatan pertubuhan. Pertubuhan ditakrifkan
sebagai:
“Secara ideal, sebagai satu unit ekonomi yang bergiat di bawah satu hak milik atau
penguasaan tunggal, iaitu di bawah satu entiti yang sah. Ia menjalankan satu jenis
aktiviti ekonomi atau mempunyai satu jenis aktiviti ekonomi utama di satu tempat /
lokasi fizikal.
Taraf sah Taraf sah sesebuah pertubuhan ditakrifkan seperti berikut:
(i) Syarikat sendirian berhad : Ia merupakan sebuah perbadanan swasta yang
ditubuhkan untuk menjalankan perniagaan dengan matlamat mencari
keuntungan. Sahamnya dipegang secara tertutup (closely held) oleh
pemegang-pemegang saham yang mempunyai kawalan terhadap operasi
syarikat. Ia didaftarkan dengan tanggungan berhad (with limited liability).
Sesebuah syarikat sendirian berhad mempunyai Memorandum dan Artikel
Persatuan sendiri, yang antara lain:
(a) menghadkan hak untuk memindahkan sahamnya;
(b) menghadkan bilangan pemegang sahamnya di antara dua hingga lima
puluh orang (tidak termasuk pekerja syarikat itu dan bekas pekerja yang
masih menjadi ahli);
(c) melarang sebarang penawaran kepada orang ramai untuk membeli
apa-apa saham atau debentur syarikat itu; dan
(d) melarang sebarang pelawaan kepada orang ramai supaya menyimpan
wang di syarikat itu bagi sesuatu tempoh yang ditetapkan ataupun untuk
dibayar bila dituntut, sama ada dengan faedah atau tidak.
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PERANGKAAN PETROLEUM DAN GAS ASLI PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS STATISTICS 2012
NOTA TEKNIKAL
(ii) Syarikat awam berhad : Syarikat awam berhad juga merupakan sebuah
perbadanan swasta yang ditubuhkan, dengan tanggungan berhad, oleh
sekurang-kurangnya dua orang untuk menjalankan perniagaan dengan tujuan
mencari keuntungan. Saham syarikat awam berhad dipegang secara terbuka
(openly held) dan bagi sesebuah syarikat yang disenaraikan di Bursa Saham,
sahamnya boleh bertukar milik secara bebas. Syarikat tersebut dianggap
sebagai entiti yang sah dan ditubuhkan mengikut Memorandum dan Artikel
Persatuan.
(iii) Lain-lain : Ia merujuk kepada semua pertubuhan lain yang tidak termasuk di
mana-mana kategori yang tersebut di atas, umpamanya syarikat sendirian
bukan berhad, misalnya syarikat yang diperbadankan di Malaysia, dsb.
Hak milik Hak milik sesebuah pertubuhan dikelaskan mengikut taraf pemastautin
pemilik-pemilik modal berbayar terbesar (melebihi 50%) dan bukannya mengikut
taraf kewarganegaraan mereka. Dalam kes di mana setiap pihak (Residen Malaysia
dan Bukan Residen Malaysia) memegang bilangan saham yang sama dalam
perniagaan berkenaan maka pertubuhan tersebut akan dikelaskan di bawah ‘Hak
Milik Bersama’.
Residen ditakrifkan sebagai individu, pertubuhan atau organisasi lain yang lazimnya
berada di Malaysia untuk jangka masa sekurang-kurangnya satu tahun. Residen
meliputi:
Cawangan dan anak syarikat asing yang didaftarkan di Malaysia
Warganegara asing yang menetap atau bekerja di Malaysia lebih daripada
setahun
Bukan Residen ialah individu, pertubuhan atau organisasi lain yang lazimnya terle-
tak di luar negara. Bukan residen terdiri daripada:
Cawangan dan anak syarikat Malaysia di luar negara
Rakyat Malaysia yang bekerja atau menetap di luar negara
28
PERANGKAAN PETROLEUM DAN GAS ASLI PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS STATISTICS 2012
NOTA TEKNIKAL
Bilangan Bilangan pekerja dalam sesebuah pertubuhan merujuk kepada bilangan orang
bekerja yang bekerja pada bulan Disember atau pada tempoh pembayaran gaji terakhir
tahun rujukan. Ia termasuk pekerja bergaji (tetap / sambilan), pemilik yang bekerja
dan rakan niaga yang aktif, dan pekerja keluarga tidak bergaji. Mereka yang
sedang bercuti juga diambil kira.
i) Pemilik yang bekerja dan rakan niaga yang aktif merujuk kepada semua
pemilik perseorangan dan rakan niaga, sambilan atau sepenuh masa, yang
bekerja dengan aktif dalam pertubuhan itu. Ia tidak termasuk rakan niaga yang
tidak aktif.
ii) Pekerja keluarga tidak bergaji ditakrifkan sebagai semua ahli isi rumah
kepada pemilik pertubuhan yang melaksanakan kerja tertentu (sepenuh masa
atau sambilan) dan bekerja sekurang-kurangnya satu pertiga daripada waktu
bekerja biasa yang diamalkan oleh pertubuhan berkenaan tanpa mendapat
bayaran secara regular, sama ada dalam bentuk wang tunai atau mata benda
bagi kerja yang dilakukan. Biasanya pekerja berkenaan mendapat makanan,
tempat tinggal dan bantuan lain sebagai sebahagian daripada ahli isi rumah
pemilik tersebut dan terus mendapatnya sama ada ia bekerja keras atau tidak
di pertubuhan itu.
iii) Pekerja sepenuh masa ditakrifkan sebagai semua pekerja bergaji yang
bekerja sekurang-kurangnya enam jam sehari dan sekurang-kurangnya 20 hari
sebulan.
iv) Pekerja sambilan meliputi semua pekerja bergaji yang bekerja kurang
daripada enam jam sehari dan atau kurang daripada 20 hari sebulan.
Gaji & upah Merujuk kepada emolumen kasar yang dibayar kepada pekerja pada tahun 2011
yang dibayar termasuk gaji, upah, bonus, komisen, bayaran lebih masa dan elaun-elaun
lain yang dibayar sebelum dipotong sumbangan pekerja untuk skim keselamatan
sosial, KWSP, cukai pendapatan, insuran dan potongan lain.
29
PERANGKAAN PETROLEUM DAN GAS ASLI PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS STATISTICS 2012
NOTA TEKNIKAL
Nilai output Nilai output kasar ditakrifkan dengan memasukkan unsur berikut:
kasar
Nilai output minyak mentah / gas asli (nilai di telaga) pada harga asas
+ Nilai jualan (dalam keadaan yang sama seperti dibeli);
- Kos barang yang dijual dalam keadaan yang sama seperti dibeli;
+ Pendapatan daripada perkhidmatan perindustrian yang diberikan
kepada pihak lain;
+ Pendapatan daripada komisen dan komisen pembrokeran;
+ Perbelanjaan modal ke atas binaan sendiri;
- Stok pembuka barangan yang diproses;
+ Stok penutup barangan yang diproses;
+ Bayaran perkhidmatan (nilai yang diberi);
+ Penerimaan daripada jualan tenaga elektrik kepada pihak lain;
dan
+ Nilai semua output lain (seperti penerimaan daripada
perkhidmatan bukan perindustrian, misalnya bayaran pengurusan
yang diterima, pendapatan sewa harta, dll.).
Nilai Nilai pengeluaran di telaga ditakrifkan seperti berikut:
pengeluaran Nilai pengeluaran di telaga = Harga unit di telaga x Kuantiti pengeluaran, di mana:
di telaga Harga unit di telaga = Hasil jualan se unit TOLAK (-)
i) diskaun dan elaun-elaun
ii) bayaran untuk pengangkutan keluar
iii) komisen kepada agen jualan
iv) bayaran cukai eksport
v) bayaran-bayaran tambahan
vi) ses menyelidik
Kuantiti Pengeluaran = Semua pengeluaran termasuk bayaran tunai kepada
kerajaan, kos bagi pengembalian minyak dan Bahagian PETRONAS
Nilai input Nilai input perantaraan merujuk kepada harga pembeli semasa dan ditakrifkan
dengan memasukkan unsur berikut:-
Nilai bahan dan bekalan yang digunakan (termasuk bayaran pengangkutan, serta
cukai dan duti yang dibayar)
perantaraan
30
PERANGKAAN PETROLEUM DAN GAS ASLI PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS STATISTICS 2012
NOTA TEKNIKAL
+ Kos kerja perindustrian yang dibuat oleh orang lain (seperti
pembaikan dan penyelenggaraan);
+ Tenaga elektrik dan air yang dibeli;
+ Nilai bahan pembakar, pelincir dan gas yang digunakan;
+ Perbelanjaan penyelidikan dan pembangunan;
+ Pembayaran terhadap perkhidmatan bukan perindustrian (termasuk
bayaran pengiklanan, bayaran guaman, bayaran pos, bayaran
telekomunikasi dll.); dan
+ Semua kos input lain yang digunakan (termasuk kos latihan dan nilai
pakaian percuma yang disediakan kepada pekerja).
Nilai ditambah Nilai ditambah ialah tambahan kepada nilai barang dan perkhidmatan yang
dikeluarkan oleh sesebuah pertubuhan. Nilai ditambah diperoleh daripada
perbezaan antara nilai output kasar dan kos input.
Nilai harta Harta tetap meliputi semua barang, baru atau terpakai, ketara atau tidak ketara yang
mempunyai hayat produktif lebih daripada setahun. Ia termasuk tanah, bangunan
dan struktur, peralatan pengangkutan, komputer dan peralatan periferal, peralatan
serta perabot dan pemasangan lain. Nilai harta tetap bagi pembuka dan penutup
2011 adalah berasaskan nilai buku bersih. Pembelian, pindaan dan pembaikan
major atau perbelanjaan modal pada tahun berkenaan dikira pada nilai sebenar
yang dibayar. Nilai harta tetap yang dijual dalam tahun semasa juga dikira pada nilai
sebenar.
Pembentukan Pembentukan modal tetap kasar diukur dengan mengambil kira jumlah nilai
perolehan pengeluar, tolak pelupusan aset tetap semasa tempoh perakaunan,
ditambah dengan sesetengah perbelanjaan perkhidmatan tertentu yang menambah
nilai aset yang tidak dikeluarkan.
Stok Merujuk kepada nilai buku stok yang dimiliki oleh pertubuhan dan meliputi barang
perniagaan, bahan mentah, peralatan dan aksesori yang digunakan untuk memberi
perkhidmatan kepada orang lain.
modal tetap
kasar
tetap
31
PERANGKAAN PETROLEUM DAN GAS ASLI PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS STATISTICS 2012
NOTA TEKNIKAL
Purata Purata pertumbuhan tahunan, r bagi sesuatu pemboleh ubah bagi tempoh
pertumbuhan setahun adalah seperti berikut :
tahunan
Penyelesaian bagi r ,
Di mana,
yt = Nilai pada tahun semasa
y0 = Nilai pada tahun sebelum
t = Bilangan tahun, yt - y0
r = Purata pertumbuhan tahunan
Pembundaran Penjumlahan komponen-komponen mungkin berbeza dengan jumlah besar dalam
jadual penerbitan ini disebabkan pembundaran angka.
Simbol dan Simbol dan singkatan berikut telah digunakan dalam keseluruhan penerbitan:
- Tiada
} Dicantumkan
RM Ringgit Malaysia
USD Dolar Amerika
% Peratus
MSCF (Ribu) Kaki Padu Standard
MMSCF (Juta) Kaki Padu Standard
F.O.B Free on board
dll dan lain-lain
singkatan
t
t ryy )1(0
10
ln1
y
y
t
t
er
32
PERANGKAAN PETROLEUM DAN GAS ASLI PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS STATISTICS 2012
TECHNICAL NOTES
Introduction This report contains information on petroleum mining and natural gas industry for
reference year 2011. This Census was carried out in 2012.
Objective The main objective of the Census is to collect information pertaining to growth,
contribution, composition and distribution of output, value added, employment and
other variables of the sector to assist the government in development planning and
policy formulation. The data can also be used by the private sector and individuals
for economic analysis.
Legal authority The census / survey was conducted under the Statistics Act 1965 (Revised 1989).
Under the Act, the contents of individual returns received are kept confidential. In
conformity with the requirements of this Act, only aggregated figures are published.
Scope and The census covers all establishments known to be engaged in exploration petroleum
and natural gas mining activities. Secondary data were obtained from Petroliam
Nasional Berhad (PETRONAS), which is also the main source of frame for the
census.
Concepts and Concepts and definitions are based on the recommendations of the United Nations
definitions Statistics Division. These concepts adhere to accepted practices, thereby facilitating
international comparability of data. The definition of mining used in the census is
as follows:
“Mining is defined as the extraction, dressing and beneficiating of minerals occurring
naturally as solids, such as coal and ores; liquids, such as crude oil; or gases, such
as natural gas. Mining also includes underground and surface mines, quarries and
wells and all supplemental activities for dressing and beneficiating ores and other
crude minerals such as crushing, screening, washing, cleaning, grading, milling,
flotation, melting, pelleting, topping and other preparations needed to render the
material marketable. Mining activities are classified into groups on the basis of the
principal mineral produced.”
Reference year The reference period for the census is the calendar year 2010. However, for
establishments whose accounting year differed by less than six months from the
calendar year, the accounting or financial figures were accepted as representative of
the data for the calendar year.
coverage
33
PERANGKAAN PETROLEUM DAN GAS ASLI PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS STATISTICS 2012
TECHNICAL NOTES
Methodology The census was conducted by mail inquiry using the standard questionnaire form.
Respondents were given two months to complete and return the questionnaire to the
Department.
Reporting unit The census was conducted on an establishment basis. An establishment is defined
as:
“Ideally, as an economic unit that engages, under a single legal entity, in one, or
predominantly one, kind of economic activity at a single physical location“.
Legal status The legal status of an establishment has been defined as follows:
(i) Private Limited Company: This is a private corporation established to
undertake a business with the objective of making a profit. The shares are
closely held by shareholders of the corporation who has control over its
operation. It is registered with limited liability.
A private limited company has its Memorandum and Articles of Association,
which among others:
(a) restricts the right to transfer its shares;
(b) limits the number of its shareholders between two to fifty (not including
employees of the company and past employees who are currently members);
(c) prohibits any invitation to the public to subscribe for any share or debenture
of the company; and
(d) prohibits any invitation to the public to deposit money with the company for
fixed periods or payable at call with or without interest.
(ii) Public Limited Company: A public limited company is also a private corporation
established, with limited liability, by a minimum of two persons to operate the
business with the objective of making a profit. The shares in a public limited
company are openly held and in the case of a company listed on the Stock
Exchange, the shares are freely transferable. The company is regarded as a
legal entity and is constituted by the Memorandum and Articles of Association.
34
PERANGKAAN PETROLEUM DAN GAS ASLI PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS STATISTICS 2012
TECHNICAL NOTES
persons
engaged
(iii) Others refer to all other establishments which do not fall under any of the
mentioned above, e.g., private unlimited company such as company
incorporated in Malaysia, etc.
Ownership The ownership of an establishment is classified by the residential status of the
owner(s) of the majority (more than 50%) of the paid-up capital and not by their
citizenship status. In instances where each party (Malaysian Residents and
Non-Malaysian Residents) held equal shares in the business, the establishments
were classified under ‘Joint Ownership’.
Resident is defined as any individual, enterprise or other organization ordinarily
located in Malaysia for a period of at least one year. Resident consist of:
Branches and incorporated subsidiaries of foreign company in Malaysia
Foreign citizen stay or work in Malaysia more than one year
Non-Resident is defined as any individual, establishment or other organization
ordinarily located abroad. Non-resident consist of:
Foreign branches and subsidiaries of Malaysian companies
Malaysian citizen stay or work abroad
Number of Number of persons engaged in an establishment refers to the total number of
persons working during December or the last pay period of the reference year.
Included are employees (full-time / part-time), working proprietors, active business
partners and unpaid family workers. Those temporarily away on leave are also
included.
(i) Working proprietors and active business partners refer to all individual
proprietor and partners, part-time or full-time, who are actively engaged in the
work of the establishment. It therefore excludes silent and inactive partners.
(ii) Unpaid family workers is defined as all persons (full-time or part-time) of the
household of any of the owners of the establishment who perform a specified job
and work for a minimum of one third of the normal working time of the
establishment, but do not receive regular payment either in cash or in kind for the
work done. Such workers generally receive food, shelter and other support as
part of the household of an owner but these provisions would continue whether
35
PERANGKAAN PETROLEUM DAN GAS ASLI PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS STATISTICS 2012
NOTA TEKNIKAL
they worked in the establishment or not.
(iii) Full-time employees is defined as all paid workers who work for at least six
hours a day and for at least 20 days a month.
(iv) Part-time employees include all paid workers who work for less than six hours a
day and/or less than 20 days a month.
Salaries & This refers to gross emoluments paid to employees during 2011 inclusive of salaries,
wages, bonuses, commission, overtime pay and other allowance contribution to
social security scheme, EPF, income tax, insurance or any other deductions.
Value of The value of gross output is defined to include the following elements:
gross output
Value of output of crude oil/natural gas (ex-well) at basic price
+ Value of goods sold (in the same condition as purchased);
- Cost of goods sold in the same condition as purchased;
+ Income from industrial services rendered to others;
+ Commission and brokerage earned;
+ Capital expenditure on own construction;
- Opening stock of goods-in-process;
+ Value of services rendered;
+ Closing stock of goods-in-process;
+ Receipts from electricity sold to others; and
+ All other output (such as receipts of non-industrial services for
example, management fees received, incomes from rental of
property, etc.)
Ex-well value Ex-well value of production is defined as follow:
of production Ex-well value of production = Ex-well unit price x Quantity produces, where
Ex-well unit price = Sales price per unit MINUS (-)
i) discounts and allowances v) supplementary payments
ii) charges for carriage outwards vi) research cess
iii) commission to selling agent(s)
iv) export duties paid
wages
paid
36
PERANGKAAN PETROLEUM DAN GAS ASLI PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS STATISTICS 2012
TECHNICAL NOTES
Quantity produced = All production including cash payments payable to government,
cost of oil recovery and share of PETRONAS
Value of The value of intermediate input in current purchasers’ price is defined to include the
following elements:
Value of materials and supplies consumed (including transport charges
incurred and taxes and duties paid)
+ Cost of industrial work done by others (such as repairs and
maintenance);
+ Electricity and water purchased;
+ Value of fuels, lubricants and gas consumed;
+ Research and development expenditure;
+ Payment for non-industrial services (including advertising fees, legal
fees, postage, telecommunication, etc).
+ All other input costs (including training and value of free wearing
apparel for workers).
Value added Value added is the increment to the value of commodities and services contributed
by the establishment. This value is derived from the difference between the value of
gross output and cost of input.
Value of Fixed assets cover all goods, new or used, tangible or intangible that have a normal
economic life span of more than one year. Included land, buildings and
structures; transport equipment; computer and peripheral equipment; other
machinery, equipment and furniture and fittings. Value of fixed assets as at the
beginning and end of 2011 was based on net book value. Purchases, alterations and
major repairs or capital expenditure during the year were valued at actual costs
incurred. Value of fixed assets sold during the year refers to the realized value.
Gross fixed Gross fixed capital formation is measured by the total value of a producer’s
acquisitions, less disposal of fixed assets during the accounting period plus certain
specified expenditure of services that adds to the value of non-produced assets.
fixed assets
capital
formation
intermediate input
37
PERANGKAAN PETROLEUM DAN GAS ASLI PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS STATISTICS 2012
TECHNICAL NOTES
Stocks This item refers to the book value of stocks owned by the establishment and
comprises merchandise, raw materials, parts and accessories for rendering services
to others.
Average The average annual growth, r in the value of a variable over the period of a year is
annual growth based on :
Solving for r,
Where,
yt = Value at current year
y0 = Value at previous year
t = Number of years, yt - y0
r = Average annual growth
Rounding The sum of the components may not add up to the totals in the tables presented in
this publication due to rounding
Symbols & The following symbols & abbreviations have been used throughout the publication:
- Nil
MSCF (Thousand) Standard Cubic Feet
MMSCF (Million) Standard Cubic Feet
} Combined
RM Ringgit Malaysia
USD American Dollar
% Percentage
F.O.B Free on board
i.e. that is
t
t ryy )1(0
10
ln1
y
y
t
t
er
abbreviations
JADUAL TABLES
41
Jadual 1: Perangkaan utama industri perlombongan petroleum dan gas asli, 2002 - 2011
Table 1: Principal statistics of petroleum and natural gas mining industry, 2002 - 2011
Tahun Nilai input Nilai Jumlah pekerja pada bulan Disember atau
pada tempoh gaji
terakhir
Gaji & upah
yang dibayar Nilai harta tetap Nilai output
Year perantaraan yang dimiliki pada kasar ditambah
Value of gross output
Value of Value added Salaries & wages paid
akhir tahun
intermediate Value of fixed
input Total number of persons engaged during December
or the last pay period
assets owned as at
end of the year
(RM'000) (RM'000) (RM'000) (RM'000) (RM'000)
2011 109,193,006 16,126,193 93,066,813 13,304 2,811,577 146,523,251
2010 98,121,543 11,113,339 87,008,205 12,919 2,512,070 141,161,063
2009 91,215,729 7,987,974 83,227,755 12,184 2,372,613 93,785,495
2008 130,361,614 7,642,099 122,719,515 10,458 1,969,296 76,276,198
2007 98,676,787 6,854,182 91,822,605 9,649 1,667,965 52,748,745
2006 92,121,516 6,267,971 85,853,545 9,008 1,258,548 35,985,346
2005 80,001,934 4,519,767 75,482,167 7,907 955,571 29,795,585
2004 61,569,636 4,353,365 57,216,271 7,427 789,507 29,339,044
2003 46,892,044 4,123,468 42,768,576 9,663 953,632 18,794,926
2002 37,235,959 3,134,615 34,101,344 9,563 883,895 17,012,546
42
Jadual 2: Perangkaan utama industri perlombongan petroleum dan gas asli mengikut taraf sah, 2011
Table 2: Principal statistics of petroleum and natural gas mining industry by legal status, 2011
Taraf sah Nilai output Nilai input Nilai ditambah Jumlah pekerja pada Gaji & upah yang Nilai harta tetap Legal status perantaraan Value added bulan Disember atau dibayar yang dimiliki kasar
Value of gross output
Value of pada tempoh gaji Salaries & wages paid
pada akhir tahun
intermediate terakhir Value of fixed
input Total number of persons engaged during
December or the last pay period
assets owned as at
end of the year
(RM'000)
(RM'000)
(RM'000)
(RM'000)
(RM'000)
Jumlah 109,193,006
16,126,193
93,066,813
13,304
2,811,577
146,523,251
Total
Syarikat Sendirian Berhad 74,693,400 12,800,863 61,892,537 9,851 2,036,357 128,103,886
Private Limited Company
Syarikat Awam Berhad
34,499,606
3,325,330
31,174,276
3,453
775,220
18,419,365
Public Limited Company
Lain-lain
Others
43
Jadual 3: Perangkaan utama industri perlombongan petroleum dan gas asli mengikut hak milik, 2011
Table 3: Principal statistics of petroleum and natural gas mining industry by ownership, 2011
Hak milik Nilai output Nilai input Nilai ditambah Jumlah pekerja pada bulan Disember atau
pada tempoh gaji
terakhir
Gaji & upah yang Nilai harta tetap Ownership perantaraan Value added yang dimiliki kasar dibayar
Value of gross output
Value of Salaries & wages paid
pada akhir tahun
intermediate Value of fixed input Total number of persons
engaged during December or the
last pay period
assets owned as at
end of the year
(RM'000)
(RM'000)
(RM'000)
(RM'000)
(RM'000)
Jumlah 109,193,006
16,126,193
93,066,813
13,304
2,811,577
146,523,251
Total
Residen Malaysia
Malaysian residents
33,745,483
4,954,494
28,790,989
7,406
1,640,163
96,379,594
Hak Milik Bersama
Joint Ownership
Bukan residen Malaysia 75,447,523 11,171,698 64,275,825 5,898 1,171,414 50,143,657
Non-Malaysian residents
44
Jadual 4: Perangkaan utama industri perlombongan petroleum dan gas asli mengikut saiz pekerja, 2011
Table 4: Principal statistics of petroleum and natural gas mining industry by employment size, 2011
Saiz pekerja Nilai output Nilai input Nilai ditambah Jumlah pekerja pada bulan Disember atau
pada tempoh gaji
terakhir
Gaji & upah yang
dibayar Nilai harta tetap
Employment size perantaraan Value added yang dimiliki kasar
Value of gross output
Value of Salaries & wages paid
pada akhir tahun
intermediate Value of fixed input Total number of persons
engaged during December or the
last pay period
assets owned as at
end of the year
(RM'000)
(RM'000)
(RM'000)
(RM'000)
(RM'000)
Jumlah 109,193,006
16,126,193
93,066,813
13,304
2,811,577
146,523,251
Total
Di bawah 1,000 orang 41,998,808 8,757,182 33,241,626 3,581 676,030 50,333,966
Below 1,000 persons
1,000 orang dan lebih 67,194,198 7,369,011 59,825,187 9,723 2,135,547 96,189,286
1,000 persons and above
45
Jadual 5: Perangkaan utama industri perlombongan petroleum dan gas asli mengikut saiz output, 2011
Table 5: Principal statistics of petroleum and natural gas mining industry by output size, 2011
Saiz output Nilai output Nilai input Nilai ditambah Jumlah pekerja pada Gaji & upah yang Nilai harta tetap Output size perantaraan Value added yang dimiliki kasar dibayar bulan Disember atau
Value of gross output
Value of Salaries & wages pada akhir tahun pada tempoh gaji intermediate Value of fixed terakhir paid
input Total number of persons engaged during
December or the last pay period
assets owned as at
end of the year
(RM'000)
(RM'000)
(RM'000)
(RM'000)
(RM'000)
Jumlah 109,193,006
16,126,193
93,066,813
13,304
2,811,577
146,523,251
Total
Kurang daripada RM5 bilion 22,758,949 6,137,084 16,621,865 1,911 412,902 20,301,653
Below RM5 billion
RM5 bilion dan lebih 86,434,057 9,989,109 76,444,948 11,393 2,398,675 126,221,598
RM5 billion and above
46
Jadual 6: Perangkaan utama industri perlombongan petroleum dan gas asli mengikut saiz harta tetap, 2011
Table 6: Principal statistics of petroleum and natural gas mining industry by fixed assets size, 2011
Saiz harta tetap Nilai output Nilai input Nilai ditambah Jumlah pekerja pada Gaji & upah yang Nilai harta tetap Fixed assets size perantaraan Value added yang dimiliki kasar bulan Disember atau dibayar
Value of gross output
Value of Salaries & wages paid
pada akhir tahun pada tempoh gaji
intermediate Value of fixed terakhir input Total number of persons
engaged during December or the
last pay period
assets owned as at
end of the year
(RM'000)
(RM'000)
(RM'000)
(RM'000)
(RM'000)
Jumlah 109,193,006
16,126,193
93,066,813
13,304
2,811,577
146,523,251
Total
Kurang daripada RM3 bilion 13,214,334 2,090,854 11,123,480 1,032 209,779 2,032,446
Below RM3 billion
RM3 bilion dan lebih 95,978,672 14,035,339 81,943,333 12,272 2,601,798 144,490,806
RM3 billion and above
47
Jadual 7: Pekerja bergaji, gaji & upah dalam industri perlombongan petroleum dan gas asli mengikut kategori pekerja, 2011
Table 7: Paid employees, salaries & wages in the petroleum and natural gas mining industry by category of workers, 2011
Kategori pekerja Jumlah pekerja pada bulan Disember
atau pada tempoh gaji terakhir Gaji & upah
Category of workers yang dibayar
Total number of persons engaged during
December or the last pay period Salaries &
wages paid
Jumlah Lelaki Perempuan
Total Male Female (RM'000)
Jumlah / Total 13,304 10,046 3,258 2,811,577
Pengurusan dan profesional 7,696 5,618 2,078 2,177,115
Managerial and professional
Teknik dan penyeliaan 3,282 2,827 455 383,171
Technical and supervisory
Perkeranian dan pekerjaan yang berkaitan 958 396 562 59,026
Clerical and related occupations
Pekerja am 327 273 54 16,055
General workers
Pekerja pengeluaran/ operatif diambil bekerja secara langsung 621 603 18 142,454
Production/ operative workers directly employed
Pekerja pengeluaran/ operatif yang diambil bekerja melalui kontraktor buruh 420 329 91 33,756
Production/ operative workers employed through labour contractors
48
Jadual 8: Bilangan pekerja dalam industri perlombongan petroleum dan gas asli mengikut kelulusan akademik, 2011
Table 8: Number of employees in the petroleum and natural gas mining industry by academic qualification, 2011
Kelulusan akademik Jumlah pekerja pada bulan Disember atau pada tempoh
gaji terakhir
Academic qualification
Total number of persons engaged during December or the
last pay period
Jumlah Lelaki Perempuan
Total Male Female
Jumlah / Total 13,304 10,046 3,258
Ijazah lanjutan 879 682 197
Post-graduate
Ijazah universiti atau yang setaraf 6,576 4,734 1,842
University degree or equivalent
Diploma atau yang setaraf 2,196 1,608 588
Diploma or equivalent
STPM atau yang setaraf 1,562 1,335 227
STPM or equivalent
SPM/ SPMV atau yang setaraf 1,894 1,515 379
SPM/ SPMV or equivalent
Di bawah taraf kelulusan SPM/ SPMV 197 172 25
Below SPM/ SPMV qualification
49
Jadual 9: Variabel terpilih dalam industri perlombongan petroleum dan gas asli, 2002 - 2011
Table 9: Selected variables in the petroleum and natural gas mining industry, 2002 - 2011
Tahun Jumlah pekerja Jumlah pekerja pada bulan Pampasan pekerja Pembentukan modal
Year pengeluaran Disember atau pada tempoh Compensation of employees tetap kasar
Total production gaji terakhir Gaji & upah dan bayaran Caruman Gross fixed capital
workers Total number of persons majikan berbentuk benda kepada formation
engaged during December or the pekerja bergaji Employer's
last pay period Salaries & wages and contribution
payment in kind to employees
(RM'000) (RM'000) (RM'000)
2011 1,041 13,304 3,094,590 319,419 28,340,232
2010 1,914 12,919 2,730,867 275,829 29,390,368
2009 1,934 12,184 2,563,395 269,593 24,585,134
2008 1,515 10,458 2,127,768 212,459 27,208,428
2007 1,449 9,649 1,801,667 160,340 13,887,138
2006 1,421 9,008 1,365,407 132,874 8,911,030
2005 746 7,907 1,098,188 84,496 5,715,632
2004 1,013 7,427 886,083 104,811 5,247,831
2003 1,110 9,663 1,019,331 69,723 5,606,538
2002 1,220 9,563 933,383 42,119 5,487,758
Nota : Jumlah pekerja pengeluaran merujuk kepada pekerja pengeluaran/ operatif diambil bekerja secara langsung dan pekerja
pengeluaran/ operatif yang diambil bekerja melalui kontraktor buruh.
Note : Total production workers refer to production/ operative workers directly employed and contractor production/operative workers
employed through labour.
50
Jadual 10: Nilai harta tetap dalam industri perlombongan petroleum dan gas asli mengikut jenis harta tetap, 2011
Table 10: Value of fixed assets in the petroleum and natural gas mining industry by type of fixed assets, 2011
Perbelanjaan modal dan nilai aset
Capital expenditure and value of assets
Nilai buku Perbelanjaan modal dalam tahun 2011 Aset yang Keuntungan / Susut nilai Nilai buku Sewa yang
bersih Capital expenditure during 2011 dijual atau kerugian tahun bersih dibayar
seperti pada Pembelian Membuat/ dilupuskan daripada jualan / semasa seperti pada dalam
Jenis harta tetap 01.01.2011 membina dalam tahun penilaian Current 31.12.2011 tahun Purchases
Type of fixed asset Net book Baru Terpakai sendiri 2011 Semula asset year Net book 2011
value as at New Used Built / Assets sold Gain / losses depreciation value as at Rent paid
01.01.2011 self produced or disposed from sales / 31.12.2011 during
off during revaluation 2011
2011 of assets
Jumlah / Total 130,092,106 29,034,554 - 1,703 696,025 9,852,078 21,761,165 146,523,251 1,167,920
Tanah / Land
12,378 - - - - - 1,134 11,244 7,670
Bangunan dan pembinaan lain:
Buildings and other construction:
Tempat kediaman / Residential
- - - - - - - - 1,046
Bukan tempat kediaman (misalnya stor,
pejabat, dll.) 199,623 35,034 - - - 451 9,432 225,676 171,693
Non-residential ( e.g. stores, offices, etc.)
Pembinaan lain kecuali
pembangunan tanah 97,925 72,038 - - - - 28,185 141,778 -
Other construction except land improvement
Pembangunan tanah / Land improvement
- - - - - - - - -
(RM’000)
51
Jadual 10: Nilai harta tetap dalam industri perlombongan petroleum dan gas asli mengikut jenis harta tetap, 2011 (samb.)
Table 10: Value of fixed assets in the petroleum and natural gas mining industry by type of fixed assets, 2011 (cont’d)
Perbelanjaan modal dan nilai aset
Capital expenditure and value of assets
Nilai buku Perbelanjaan modal dalam tahun 2011 Aset yang Keuntungan / Susut nilai Nilai buku Sewa yang
bersih Capital expenditure during 2011 dijual atau kerugian tahun bersih dibayar
seperti pada Pembelian Membuat/ dilupuskan daripada jualan / semasa seperti pada dalam
Jenis harta tetap 01.01.2011 membina dalam tahun penilaian Current 31.12.2011 tahun Purchases
Type of fixed asset Net book Baru Terpakai sendiri 2011 Semula asset year Net book 2011
value as at New Used Built / Assets sold Gain / losses depreciation value as at Rent paid
01.01.2011 self produced or disposed from sales / 31.12.2011 during
off during revaluation 2011
2011 of assets
Alat pengangkutan / Transport equipment :
Kenderaan perdagangan (misalnya lori,
van, pikap, dll.) 2,484 124 - - 147 - 903 1,558 1,499
Commercial vehicles (e.g. lorries, vans, pick-ups, etc.)
Kenderaan bukan perdagangan
(misalnya kereta) 3,054 1,072 - - 94 - 2,222 1,809 3,563
Commercial vehicles (e.g: cars.)
Lain-lain / Others - - - - - - - - 72,964
Helikopter / Helicopter - - - - - - - - 149,949
Bot, bot laju, katamaran dll. - - - - - - - - 590,698
Bot, speedboat, catamaran etc.
Komputer / Computers :
Perkakasan komputer/ Computer hardware
82,506 19,637 - - 111 932 25,668 77,297 10,139
Sofwer komputer / Computer software
117,696 11,166 - 1,703 600 2,237 13,029 119,173 883
(RM’000)
52
Jadual 10: Nilai harta tetap dalam industri perlombongan petroleum dan gas asli mengikut jenis harta tetap, 2011 (samb.)
Table 10: Value of fixed assets in the petroleum and natural gas mining industry by type of fixed assets, 2011 (cont’d)
Perbelanjaan modal dan nilai aset
Capital expenditure and value of assets
Nilai buku Perbelanjaan modal dalam tahun 2011 Aset yang Keuntungan / Susut nilai Nilai buku Sewa yang
bersih Capital expenditure during 2011 dijual atau kerugian tahun bersih dibayar
seperti pada Pembelian Membuat/ dilupuskan daripada jualan / semasa seperti pada dalam
Jenis harta tetap 01.01.2011 membina dalam tahun penilaian Current 31.12.2011 tahun Purchases
Type of fixed asset Net book Baru Terpakai sendiri 2011 Semula asset year Net book 2011
value as at New Used Built / Assets sold Gain / losses depreciation value as at Rent paid
01.01.2011 self produced or disposed from sales / 31.12.2011 during
off during revaluation 2011
2011 of assets
Jentera dan kelengkapan / Machinery and equipment
Kemudahan minyak dan gas 66,057,547 13,530,422 - - 276 9,655,829 15,547,949 73,695,573 63,796
Oil and gas facilities
Jentera dan kelengkapan lain 583,757 5,820 - - 276 42 17,306 572,037 76,173 Others machinery and equipment
Perabot dan pemasangan / Furniture and fittings
99,218 10,222 - - 115 6,287 12,614 102,998 3,028
Mencarigali mineral / Mineral exploration
19,521,711 3,939,326 - - 569,060 - 1,004,609 21,887,368 -
Aset-aset lain / Other assets 43,314,207 11,409,692 - - 125,346 186,301 5,098,114 49,686,740 14,818
(RM’000)
53
Jadual 11: Penggunaan komputer, internet dan web presence dalam industri perlombongan petroleum
dan gas asli bagi tahun 2010 dan 2011
Table 11: Usage of computer, internet and web presence in the petroleum and natural gas mining industry for the year 2010
and 2011
Tahun Year
Penggunaan komputer Computer usage in business
Penggunaan internet Internet usage in business
Penggunaan web presence
Web presence usage in business
(%) (%) (%)
2010 100.0 100.0 100.0
2011 100.0 100.0 100.0
Jadual 12: Jenis rangkaian komputer yang digunakan dalam industri perlombongan petroleum dan gas asli bagi tahun 2010 dan 2011
Table 12: Types of computer network used in the petroleum and natural gas mining industry for the year 2010 and 2011
Tahun Year
Intranet dalam perniagaan Intranet within your business
Extranet di antara perniagaan Extranet between business and other
organisations
Rangkaian kawasan setempat
Local area network (LAN)
Rangkaian kawasan luas Wide area network (WAN)
(%) (%) (%) (%)
2010 100.0 50.0 100.0 100.0
2011 100.0 50.0 100.0 100.0
54
Jadual 13: Jenis capaian internet dalam industri perlombongan petroleum dan gas asli bagi
tahun 2010 dan 2011
Table 13: Types of internet access in the petroleum and natural gas mining industry for the year 2010 dan 2011
Tahun Year
Jalur sempit
Jalur lebar tetap Jalur lebar mudah alih
Fixed broadband Mobile broadband
(%) (%)
2010 18.8 100.0 12.5
2011 25.0 93.8 37.5
Jadual 14 : Pertubuhan yang terlibat dalam pembelian dan jualan internet dalam industri perlombongan petroleum dan gas asli bagi
tahun 2010 dan 2011
Table 14: The establishments involved in purchased and sales via the internet in the petroleum and natural gas mining industry for the year 2010 and 2011
Tahun Year
Pertubuhan yang membuat Pertubuhan yang menerima Jumlah pendapatan Nilai jualan melalui Peratus nilai pesanan
pesanan (pembelian) pesanan (jualan) Total income internet jualan melalui internet
barangan atau perkhidmatan barangan Value of sales via the ke atas jumlah
menggunakan internet atau perkhidmatan internet pendapatan
Establishments that have menggunakan internet Percentage of sales via
placing purchases for goods Establishments that have the internet by total
and services via the internet placing sales for goods and income
services via the internet
(%) (%) (RM'000) (RM'000) (%)
2010 37.5 25.0 28,384,654 3,444,527 49.0
2011 37.5 18.8 28,464,916 3,700,439 39.0
55
Jadual 15: Penggunaan internet dalam industri perlombongan petroleum dan gas asli bagi tahun 2010 dan 2011
Table 15: Internet usages in the petroleum and natural gas mining industry for the year 2010 and 2011
Tahun Year
Menghantar Telefon Menghantar Mendapatkan Mendapatkan Berhubung Perbankan
atau menerima melalui informasi atau maklumat maklumat dari dengan melalui
e-mel internet pesanan dengan berkenaan organisasi kerajaan organisasi internet
Sending or Telephoning segera barangan atau Getting kerajaan Internet
receiving e-mail over the Posting perkhidmatan information from Interacting with banking
internet information or Getting information government government
instant about goods or organisations organisations
messaging services
(%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%)
2010 100.0 87.5 68.8 93.8 75.0 68.8 81.3
2011 100.0 75.0 62.5 87.5 68.8 62.5 81.3
Jadual 15 : Penggunaan internet dalam industri petroleum dan gas asli bagi tahun 2010 dan 2011 (samb.)
Table 15: Internet usages in the petroleum and natural gas mining industry for the year 2010 and 2011 (cont'd)
Tahun Year
Mengakses Penyediaan Penghantaran Pemberitahuan Latihan untuk Lain- lain
perkhidmatan perkhidmatan produk secara jawatan kosong kakitangan (aplikasi Others
kewangan pelanggan atas talian dalaman atau e-pembelajaran)
yang lain Providing Delivering luaran Staff training
Accessing customer products Internal or (e-learning
other financial services online external application)
services recruitment
(%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%)
2010 43.8 25.0 25.0 87.5 87.5 6.3
2011 43.8 18.8 6.3 87.5 87.5 18.8
56
Jadual 16: Harga purata 'lifting' berpemberat minyak mentah*, 2002 - 2011
Table 16: Weighted average lifting price of crude oil*, 2002 - 2011
Bulan 2011 2010 2009
2008
2007
2006
2005 2004 2003 2002 Month
Jan./Jan. 94.13 75.04 40.45 97.63 57.45 66.82 41.63 32.45 33.33 19.45
Feb./Feb. 100.13 72.91 50.11 95.68 65.94 67.84 48.36 35.54 34.48 19.93
Mac/Mar. 116.13 76.99 48.49 103.92 70.16 66.80 58.12 38.09 32.03 22.46
Apr./Apr. 124.07 84.03 45.42 120.46 72.25 72.99 57.73 36.77 27.50 24.33
Mei/May 123.38 70.28 53.80 128.97 77.61 76.31 51.00 39.01 27.00 25.55
Jun/June 118.95 74.91 72.07 134.16 79.22 71.26 53.75 37.52 26.98 24.42
Jul./July 121.46 76.68 71.94 141.84 76.80 72.85 57.78 40.76 28.08 26.09
Ogos/Aug. 116.49 75.64 73.62 123.37 71.78 75.51 66.58 53.72 29.94 27.51
Sept./Sept. 117.80 79.09 67.31 107.07 81.11 71.66 69.77 47.64 32.12 28.55
Okt./Oct. 115.04 87.95 76.14 73.94 86.01 64.74 64.40 46.66 29.05 26.53
Nov./Nov. 117.51 84.01 85.49 56.70 98.94 61.24 57.46 49.20 32.03 26.27
Dis./Dec. 117.14 88.35 79.25 40.44 102.23 59.22 57.96 38.62 31.14 30.85
Purata 114.42
78.90
63.08
100.85
78.47
68.77
57.15
41.29
30.29
25.24
Average
Nota: * Harga purata lifting dikira dengan membahagikan jumlah nilai jualan tempatan dan nilai eksport f.o.b. dengan
jumlah kuantiti jualan 'lifting' sebenar dalam tong. Sumber: PETRONAS
Source:
Note: * Weighted average lifting price is calculated by dividing the sum of local sales value and exports f.o.b. value by total actual lifting sales quantities in barrels.
USD se tong / USD per barrel
57
(’000)
Jadual 17: Pengeluaran bulanan minyak mentah dan gas asli, 2011
Table 17: Monthly production of crude oil and natural gas, 2011
Minyak mentah dan peluwap Gas asli - pengeluaran bersih (a)
Crude oil and condensate Natural gas - net production (a)
Gas asli Gas asli tidak Jumlah
Minyak mentah Peluwap Jumlah bersekutu bersekutu Total
Crude oil Condensate Total
Associated Non -
natural gas
Bulan Tong Tan Metrik Tong Tan Metrik Tong Tan Metrik MSCF (b)
MSCF (b)
MSCF (b)
Month Barrel Metric Tonne Barrel Metric Tonne Barrel Metric Tonne
Jan./Jan. 15,593 2,052 3,627 477 19,220 2,529 29,140 167,307 196,447
Feb./Feb. 14,084 1,853 3,304 435 17,388 2,288 25,760 149,688 175,448
Mac/Mar. 14,818 1,950 3,596 473 18,414 2,423 27,900 164,641 192,541
Apr./Apr. 13,890 1,828 3,390 446 17,280 2,274 26,550 155,220 181,770
Mei/May 12,152 1,599 3,007 396 15,159 1,995 26,443 132,184 158,627
Jun/June 11,940 1,571 3,390 446 15,330 2,017 25,230 157,650 182,880
Jul./July 14,322 1,884 2,976 392 17,298 2,276 23,901 146,227 170,128
Ogos/Aug. 14,601 1,921 3,379 445 17,980 2,366 25,482 152,985 178,467
Sept./Sept. 13,350 1,757 3,180 418 16,530 2,175 23,430 154,680 178,110
Okt./Oct. 14,136 1,860 3,348 441 17,484 2,301 26,195 157,263 183,458
Nov./Nov. 13,920 1,832 3,180 418 17,100 2,250 25,830 152,580 178,410
Dis./Dec. 15,407 2,027 3,379 445 18,786 2,472 25,885 162,812 188,697
Jumlah 168,213
22,133
39,756
5,231
207,969
27,364
311,746
1,853,237
2,164,983
Total
(a) Pengeluaran bersih = Pengeluaran kasar - (Kegunaan dalam operasi + Suntikan semula + Sumber : PETRONAS
Cecair tercicir & pengecutan + Pembakaran) Source :
Net production = Gross production - (Utilised in operation + Gas reinjection +
Liquid dropout & shrinkage + Flaring)
(b) MSCF - (Ribu) Kaki Padu Standard / (Thousand) Standard Cubic Feet
58
Jadual 18: Pengeluaran minyak mentah dan gas asli, 2002 - 2011
Table 18: Production of crude oil and natural gas, 2002 - 2011
Minyak mentah dan peluwap Gas asli - pengeluaran bersih (a)
Crude oil and condensate Natural gas - net production (a)
Gas asli Gas asli tidak Jumlah
Minyak mentah Peluwap Jumlah bersekutu bersekutu Total
Crude oil Condensate Total Associated Non-associated
natural gas natural gas
Tahun Tong Tan Metrik Tong Tan Metrik Tong Tan Metrik MSCF (b)
MSCF (b)
MSCF (b)
Year Barrel Metric Tonne Barrel Metric Tonne Barrel Metric Tonne
2011 168,213 22,133 39,756 5,231 207,969 27,364 311,746 1,853,237 2,164,983
2010 190,231 25,030 42,734 5,623 232,965 30,653 358,375 1,801,158 2,159,533
2009 195,667 25,746 44,813 5,896 240,480 31,642 337,291 1,782,064 2,119,355
2008 205,908 27,093 45,903 6,040 251,811 33,133 364,180 1,790,673 2,154,853
2007 201,729 26,543 47,461 6,245 249,190 32,788 356,830 1,790,975 2,147,805
2006 196,088 25,801 47,340 6,229 243,428 32,030 373,013 1,734,667 2,107,680
2005 207,451 27,296 49,331 6,491 256,782 33,787 395,289 1,721,737 2,117,026
2004 228,370 30,049 50,640 6,663 279,010 36,712 303,807 1,598,082 1,901,889
2003 226,994 29,868 42,324 5,569 269,318 35,437 290,220 1,539,365 1,829,585
2002 217,620 28,634 37,319 4,910 254,939 33,545 244,337 1,462,509 1,706,846
(a) Pengeluaran bersih = Pengeluaran kasar - (Kegunaan dalam operasi + Suntikan semula + Sumber : PETRONAS
Cecair tercicir & pengecutan + Pembakaran) Source :
Net production = Gross production - (Utilised in operation + Gas reinjection +
Liquid dropout & shrinkage + Flaring)
(b) MSCF - (Ribu) Kaki Padu Standard / (Thousand) Standard Cubic Feet
(’000)
59
Jadual 19: Eksport dan import produk berasaskan petroleum, 2002 - 2011
Table 19: Exports and imports of petroleum - based products, 2002 - 2011
Eksport/ Exports Import/ Imports
Tahun Petroleum Mentah Keluaran Petroleum Gas Asli Cecair Petroleum Mentah Keluaran Petroleum
Year Crude Petroleum Petroleum Products Liquefied Natural Gas Crude Petroleum Petroleum Products
2011 32,451,686 33,037,703 52,048,817 24,009,726 32,724,503
2010 30,764,665 25,542,094 38,741,631 18,006,837 25,134,558
2009 25,360,055 19,400,280 29,017,686 14,553,255 14,252,998
2008 43,582,080 29,092,992 41,475,300 23,359,591 24,050,295
2007 32,865,338 19,729,803 26,936,477 18,824,571 20,674,143
2006 31,983,489 18,403,894 23,674,855 17,782,836 19,306,226
2005 29,653,503 15,128,174 21,340,259 12,825,480 17,578,620
2004 21,855,599 12,059,433 17,215,090 7,723,570 13,469,614
2003 15,658,530 8,291,607 13,357,664 6,305,269 8,442,595
2002 11,599,805 6,679,389 9,888,395 4,777,483 7,330,310
Sumber: Perangkaan Perdagangan Luar Negeri, Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia Source : External Trade Statistics, Department of Statistics, Malaysia
(RM’000)
60
Jadual 20: Pengeluaran produk petroleum bertapis, 2003 - 2011
Jadual 20: Production of refined petroleum products, 2003- 2011
Produk petroleum
Petroleum products
Tahun Minyak bahan api Minyak diesel Minyak tanah Gas petroleum cecair Gasolin Nafta Jumlah
Year Fuel oil Diesel oil Kerosene Liquefied petroleum gas Gasoline Naptha Total
2011
2,790,140 9,999,539 3,559,679 3,036,305 5,510,132 3,396,606 28,292,401
2010 2,087,644 8,598,640 3,352,095 3,147,723 4,170,882 3,937,680 25,294,664
2009 2,610,116 9,245,314 3,702,430 3,256,817 4,196,902 3,992,347 27,003,926
2008 2,416,316 9,597,854 3,939,478 3,534,478 4,787,257 4,145,185 28,420,568
2007 1,597,959 8,805,514 3,306,890 3,397,040 5,758,577 4,183,324 27,049,304
2006 1,790,177 9,056,565 3,420,405 3,516,948 6,089,249 3,459,850 27,333,194
2005 1,836,545 8,951,869 3,149,344 3,269,545 5,800,423 3,441,347 26,449,073
2004 1,519,278 8,998,650 3,165,461 3,231,987 5,399,775 3,388,894 25,704,045
2003 1,355,098 9,599,521 3,045,097 3,277,515 4,709,432 3,325,280 25,311,943
Sumber: Perangkaan Pembuatan Bulanan, Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia
Source : Monthly Manufacturing Statistics, Department of Statistics, Malaysia
Tan Metrik/ Metric Tonne
61
Jadual 21A: Keluaran Dalam Negeri Kasar mengikut jenis aktiviti ekonomi pada harga semasa - RM Juta
Table 21A: Gross Domestic Product by kind of economic activity at current prices - RM Million
Jenis Aktiviti Ekonomi 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
e 2011
p
Kind of Economic Activity
1. Pertanian 44,912 51,383 66,446 76,753 65,719 82,612 104,581
Agriculture
2. Perlombongan dan kuari 72,111 81,759 88,332 120,170 81,342 86,545 91,786
Mining and quarrying
2.1 Pengeluaran minyak mentah 43,204 48,842 52,828 67,814 41,497 45,099 49,916
Crude petroleum production
2.2 Pengeluaran gas asli dan kondensat 28,326 32,318 34,847 51,654 39,090 40,614 40,989
Natural gas and condensate production
2.3 Penggalian lain dan kuari 582 600 657 703 755 832 882
Other mining and quarry
3. Pembuatan 149,754 164,510 173,804 189,105 169,661 195,280 214,626
Manufacturing
4. Pembinaan 16,107 16,451 18,739 21,156 23,187 25,893 28,306
Construction
5. Perkhidmatan 254,322 277,022 312,050 355,233 365,984 397,035 433,070
Services
6. campur Duti import 6,372 5,659 5,969 7,531 6,964 7,672 8,711
plus Import duties
KDNK pada Harga Pembeli 543,578 596,784 665,340 769,949 712,857 795,037 881,080
GDP at Purchasers' Prices
Sumber: Akaun Negara Tahunan, Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia Source : Annual National Accounts, Department of Statistics, Malaysia
Nota/ Notes: e: anggaran/ estimate p: permulaan/ preliminary
62
Jadual 21B: Keluaran Dalam Negeri Kasar mengikut jenis aktiviti ekonomi pada harga semasa - perubahan peratusan tahunan
Table 21B: Gross Domestic Product by kind of economic activity at current prices - annual percentage change
Jenis Aktiviti Ekonomi 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
e 2011
p
Kind of Economic Activity
1. Pertanian 14.4 29.3 15.5 -14.4 25.7 26.6
Agriculture
2. Perlombongan dan kuari 13.4 8.0 36.0 -32.3 6.4 6.1
Mining and quarrying
2.1 Pengeluaran minyak mentah 13.0 8.2 28.4 -38.8 8.7 10.7
Crude petroleum production
2.2 Pengeluaran gas asli dan kondensat 14.1 7.8 48.2 -24.3 3.9 0.9
Natural gas and condensate production
2.3 Penggalian lain dan kuari 3.1 9.5 7.1 7.5 10.1 6.0
Other mining and quarry
3. Pembuatan 9.9 5.6 8.8 -10.3 15.1 9.9
Manufacturing
4. Pembinaan 2.1 13.9 12.9 9.6 11.7 9.3
Construction
5. Perkhidmatan 8.9 12.6 13.8 3.0 8.5 9.1
Services
6. campur Duti import -11.2 5.5 26.2 -7.5 10.2 13.6
plus Import duties
KDNK pada Harga Pembeli 9.8 11.5 15.7 -7.4 11.5 10.8
GDP at Purchasers' Prices
Sumber: Akaun Negara Tahunan, Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia Source : Annual National Accounts, Department of Statistics, Malaysia
Nota/ Notes: e: anggaran/ estimate p: permulaan/ preliminary
63
Jadual 21C: Keluaran Dalam Negeri Kasar mengikut jenis aktiviti ekonomi pada harga semasa - pembahagian peratus KDNK
Table 21C: Gross Domestic Product by kind of economic activity at current prices - percentage share of GDP
Jenis Aktiviti Ekonomi 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
e 2011
p
Kind of Economic Activity
1. Pertanian 8.3 8.6 10.0 10.0 9.2 10.4 11.9
Agriculture
2. Perlombongan dan kuari 13.3 13.7 13.3 15.6 11.4 10.9 10.4
Mining and quarrying
2.1 Pengeluaran minyak mentah 7.9 8.2 7.9 8.8 5.8 5.7 5.7
Crude petroleum production
2.2 Pengeluaran gas asli dan kondensat 5.2 5.4 5.2 6.7 5.5 5.1 4.7
Natural gas and condensate production
2.3 Penggalian lain dan kuari 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
Other mining and quarry
3. Pembuatan 27.5 27.6 26.1 24.6 23.8 24.6 24.4
Manufacturing
4. Pembinaan 3.0 2.8 2.8 2.7 3.3 3.3 3.2
Construction
5. Perkhidmatan 46.8 46.4 46.9 46.1 51.3 49.9 49.2
Services
6. campur Duti import 1.2 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
plus Import duties
KDNK pada Harga Pembeli 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
GDP at Purchasers' Prices
Sumber: Akaun Negara Tahunan, Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia Source : Annual National Accounts, Department of Statistics, Malaysia
Nota/ Notes: e: anggaran/ estimate p: permulaan/ preliminary
64
Jadual 22A: Keluaran Dalam Negeri Kasar mengikut jenis aktiviti ekonomi pada harga malar 2005 - RM Juta
Table 22A: Gross Domestic Product by kind of economic activity at constant 2005 prices - RM Million
Jenis Aktiviti Ekonomi 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
e 2011
p
Kind of Economic Activity
1. Pertanian 44,912 47,533 48,188 50,036 50,063 51,263 54,299
Agriculture
2. Perlombongan dan kuari 72,111 71,276 72,758 70,996 66,386 66,122 62,334
Mining and quarrying
2.1 Pengeluaran minyak mentah 43,204 42,741 43,767 41,916 38,699 36,695 32,706
Crude petroleum production
2.2 Pengeluaran gas asli dan kondensat 28,326 27,947 28,349 28,428 26,995 28,696 28,872
Natural gas and condensate production
2.3 Penggalian lain dan kuari 582 587 643 652 693 731 756
Other mining and quarry
3. Pembuatan 149,754 160,880 165,879 167,148 152,150 170,258 178,333
Manufacturing
4. Pembinaan 16,107 16,022 17,391 18,151 19,270 20,428 21,370
Construction
5. Perkhidmatan 254,322 272,555 299,933 325,712 335,027 359,215 384,272
Services
6. campur Duti import 6,372 5,671 5,937 7,523 6,989 7,660 8,653
plus Import duties
KDNK pada Harga Pembeli 543,578 573,936 610,087 639,565 629,885 674,946 709,261
GDP at Purchasers' Prices
Sumber: Akaun Negara Tahunan, Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia Source : Annual National Accounts, Department of Statistics, Malaysia
Nota/ Notes: e: anggaran/ estimate p: permulaan/ preliminary
65
Jadual 22B: Keluaran Dalam Negeri Kasar mengikut jenis aktiviti ekonomi pada harga malar 2005 - perubahan peratusan tahunan
Table 22B: Gross Domestic Product by kind of economic activity at constant 2005 prices - annual percentage change
Jenis Aktiviti Ekonomi 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
e 2011
p
Kind of Economic Activity
1. Pertanian 5.8 1.4 3.8 0.1 2.4 5.9
Agriculture
2. Perlombongan dan kuari -1.2 2.1 -2.4 -6.5 -0.4 -5.7
Mining and quarrying
2.1 Pengeluaran minyak mentah -1.1 2.4 -4.2 -7.7 -5.2 -10.9
Crude petroleum production
2.2 Pengeluaran gas asli dan kondensat -1.3 1.4 0.3 -5.0 6.3 0.6
Natural gas and condensate production
2.3 Penggalian lain dan kuari 1.0 9.5 1.3 6.3 5.5 3.4
Other mining and quarry
3. Pembuatan 7.4 3.1 0.8 -9.0 11.9 4.7
Manufacturing
4. Pembinaan -0.5 8.5 4.4 6.2 6.0 4.6
Construction
5. Perkhidmatan 7.2 10.0 8.6 2.9 7.2 7.0
Services
6. campur Duti import -11.0 4.7 26.7 -7.1 9.6 13.0
plus Import duties
KDNK pada Harga Pembeli 5.6 6.3 4.8 -1.5 7.2 5.1
GDP at Purchasers' Prices
Sumber: Akaun Negara Tahunan, Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia Source : Annual National Accounts, Department of Statistics, Malaysia
Nota/ Notes: e: anggaran/ estimate p: permulaan/ preliminary
66
Jadual 22C: Keluaran Dalam Negeri Kasar mengikut jenis aktiviti ekonomi pada harga malar 2005 - pembahagian peratus KDNK
Table 22C: Gross Domestic Product by kind of economic activity at constant 2005 prices - percentage share of GDP
Jenis Aktiviti Ekonomi 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
e 2011
p
Kind of Economic Activity
1. Pertanian 8.3 8.3 7.9 7.8 7.9 7.6 7.7
Agriculture
2. Perlombongan dan kuari 13.3 12.4 11.9 11.1 10.5 9.8 8.8
Mining and quarrying
2.1 Pengeluaran minyak mentah 7.9 7.4 7.2 6.6 6.1 5.4 4.6
Crude petroleum production
2.2 Pengeluaran gas asli dan kondensat 5.2 4.9 4.6 4.4 4.3 4.3 4.1
Natural gas and condensate production
2.3 Penggalian lain dan kuari 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
Other mining and quarry
3. Pembuatan 27.5 28.0 27.2 26.1 24.2 25.2 25.1
Manufacturing
4. Pembinaan 3.0 2.8 2.9 2.8 3.1 3.0 3.0
Construction
5. Perkhidmatan 46.8 47.5 49.2 50.9 53.2 53.2 54.2
Services
6. campur Duti import 1.2 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.2
plus Import duties
KDNK pada Harga Pembeli 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
GDP at Purchasers' Prices
Sumber: Akaun Negara Tahunan, Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia Source : Annual National Accounts, Department of Statistics, Malaysia
Nota/ Notes: e: anggaran/ estimate p: permulaan/ preliminary
MAKLUMAT TAMBAHAN ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
69
Untuk Mendapatkan Maklumat Lanjut
Sebarang pertanyaan berhubung penerbitan ini dan statistik atau perkhidmatan lain yang
berkaitan boleh dikemukan kepada:
Bahagian Perangkaan Pengeluaran Industri dan Binaan,
Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia,
Aras 5, Blok C6, Kompleks C,
Pusat Pentadbiran Kerajaan Persekutuan,
62514 Putrajaya,
Malaysia.
Tel: 603-8885 7371, Faks: 603-8888 9215, E-mel: [email protected]
Penerbitan ini boleh diperoleh dari:
Unit Khidmat Pengguna,
Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia,
Aras 1, Blok C6, Kompleks C,
Pusat Pentadbiran Kerajaan Persekutuan,
62514 Putrajaya,
Malaysia.
Tel : 603 - 8885 7000
Faks : 603 - 8888 9248
E-mel : [email protected]
70
Contacts for Further Information
Any enquiries regarding this publication and related statistics or services should be directed to:
Industrial Production and Contruction Statistics Division,
Department of Statistics, Malaysia,
Level 5, Block C6, Complex C,
Federal Government Administrative Centre,
62514 Putrajaya,
Malaysia.
Tel: 603-8885 7371, Fax: 603-8888 9215, E-mail: [email protected]
This publication can be obtainable from:
Customer Service Unit,
Department of Statistics, Malaysia,
Level 1, Block C6, Complex C,
Federal Government Administrative Centre,
62514 Putrajaya,
Malaysia.
Tel : 603 - 8885 7000
Fax : 603 - 8888 9248
E-mail : [email protected]
71
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PERANGKAAN PETROLEUMDAN GAS ASLI
PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GASSTATISTICS
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ISSN 1675-7432
JABATAN PERANGKAAN MALAYSIADEPARTMENT OF STATISTICS, MALAYSIA
HARGA :PRICE :
BOLEH DIPEROLEH DARI : OBTAINABLE FROM :
Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia(Department Of Statistics, Malaysia)Unit Khidmat Pengguna,Blok C6, Kompleks C, Pusat Pentadbiran Kerajaan Persekutuan,62514 Putrajaya,MALAYSIA
Tel. : 03-88857000Faks / Fax : 03-88889248E-mel / E-mail : [email protected] Web : http://www.statistics.gov.myHomepage
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DITERBIT DAN DICETAK OLEH JABATAN PERANGKAAN MALAYSIA